US1349194A - fitch - Google Patents

Description

c. M. FITCH.

ADDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, I9I7-r Patnted Aug. 10, 1920.

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C. M. FITCH.

ADDING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25. I9.

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I 11 I/ aw/mm i/// WAY/m a q" 551 Z= UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES M. FITCH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0 BIRD ADDING MACHINE COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES MAXIMILIAN Frrorr, a citizen of the United States of Jamiary 5, 1915, and in patent to Sweet 6t aZ.,

No. 1,128,546, February 16, 1915.

' The main objects of the invention are to provide adding machines of the type mentioned with improved mechanisms requiring fewer parts and being simpler I in action than is the case with the devices shown in said patents; and to provide an improved dill'erential mechanism and an improved carrying mechanism.

An illustrative embodiment of this invention is shown in the accompanying draw ings, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of the with the cover removed.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of the device with the main numeral disk omitted.

Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section taken on the line A-'A of Fig. 1. i

Fig. 41 is a side elevation of disk or wheel."

Fig. 5 is a detail in elevation of a spring device the hundreds pressed locking device for the hundreds wheel. g

Fig. 6 is a sectional detail in elevation, of a support forthe transfer pawl and the yoke shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section taken on the line B-B of Fig. 1. r

F ig. 8 is a bottom plan View of a ratchet and transfer cam. N

Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail in section of the transfer pawl, taken on the line C-C of Fig. 2. 5 i

In its main features, the present device comprises a horizontally rotatable numbered disk which is connected to a spring motor normally urging the disk to rotate in a lefthand direction and to progressively exhibit numbers on its upper surface, through a sight opening provided in the cover of the machine. The controlling keys are pivotally mounted on an arc with respect to the center nnING- AcHInE.

Specification of LettersPatent. Patented Aug. 10, 1920. Application fiiea June 25,'1917. Serial No. 176,742. I I

of said disk and are arranged to release the disk and permit. it to rotate under the action of the spring motor until an oscillating member movable with the disk engages *the inner end'of a depressed key. Adjacent the disk is a higher order wheel arranged to r0- tate around a horizontal axis and to exhibit Transfer mechanism is provided between the numbered disk and the higher order wheel, which is operative in an adding and subtracting direction, so that it will transfer correctly when amounts, areadded to the lower order disk and also when the lower disk is reversely rotated to its zero position. In this manner, both disks may be restored to zero, by merely backwardly rotating the spindle which carries the lower order disk. I This spindle is connected to the inner end of a SPlltlSPI'lUg which constitutes-the motor for operating the device. Thus,upon resetting operations, the spring is wound, thereby receiving the required energy for operating the device under the control of the numeral keys. i

The operating mechanism of the device is mounted on a sheetmetal frame 1 which rests within a flanged base plate 2. The

operating'keys are pivotally mounted on an arcuate rod 3 wlnch in turn is supported in a frame member 41 secured to the frame 1'.

frame 4-. The keys are depressible against the action of the springs 12.1, and their rear ends 13 extend beneath an arc-shaped bail 1 1, the parallel arms 15 of which'are bent to pass through apertures 16 in the standards or upwardly bent portions 17 of the lower bearing plate 18 of the spindle 10. The plate 18 is secured to the frame member 1.

' its numerals through the same sight opening.

The upper end of the spindle 10 is journalefd in aplate 19 which is bent to'U-form and is secured to the plate 18 and the'frame 1 by the screws 20 (Fig. 1).

The lower order numeral disk 21 is se- .cured to a cylindrical member 22 pinned to the spindle 10 and serving as a hub for the numeral disk 21 and ratchet wheel 23,

thus compelling the numeral disk and ratchet wheel to rotate as a unit when rotary motion is imparted to the spindle 10. F or the .purpose of receiving motion from and also winding the spring motor 24 (Fig. 3), the spindle 10 carries at its lower end a pinion 25 meshing with a gear 26 fast to the motor spindle 27 to which the inner end of the spring 24 is secured. The outer end of the spring is secured to a post 28.

For the purpose of imparting differen tial motion to the disk 21 under the control of the keys 9.1, an arm 30 is rotatably mounted on the collar 22 in an annular groove 31 therein, This groove is of rounded or V-form, forthe purpose of permitting the arm 30 to oscillate vertically while preventing it from sliding vertically on its journal. The forward end 32 of the' arm is loosely curled around the arenate bar or bail 14. Thus, when a key is depressed and the bail is rocked upwardly, the arm 30 will also swing upwardly, and the arm is provided with a pointed pin 3?) for entering the adjacent hole of a series of annular perforations 34 in the numeral disk 21..

After the point of the pin 33 has entered one of the perforations in the numeral disk,

further upward motion of the bail 14 re-.

sults in disengaging a pawl 35 (Fig. 2) from the ratchet wheel 23. The means for disengaging the pawl comprises an arm 36 fast to one end of one of the arms 15 of the bail 14. The arm 36 engages a shouldenil'? on the pawl 35 and in this manner rocks the pawl away from the ratchet wheel, around its pivot 38 against the action of the spring 39. The numeral disk then rotates in a forward direction under the ction of the spring member 24, and since the pin 33 engages the numeral. disk,-the arm 30 will be rocked with the disk until it engages the portion 13 of thedepressed key. Thus, the angular motion of the disk 21 is determined by the angular position of the depressed key with respect to the spindle 10. If the 1 key is depressed, the disk will rotate only one unit, or one one-hundredth of a rotation, whereas if the 18 key is depressed, the disk will rotate eighteen one-hundredths of a rotation.

The higherorder wheel 40 consists of a drum having 10 divisions numbered from 1 to 10. This wheel is rotatably mounted on a stub shaft 41 extending inwardly from one of the vertical arms of the bracketshaped frame member 19. The wheel 49 is normally prevented from rotating by a lug 42 engaging the wheel at one of the ten perforations 48 therein. The lug 42 projects from the lowerend of a ring 44 located within the wheel 40 and encircling the stub shaft 41. This ring is mounted to oscillate vertically around a pair of pins 45 extending from the frame 19. The spring 46 normally urges the ring 44 to rock in such direction as to wheel 40.

The transfer mechanism cons sts of a reciprocating and oscillating member 3-? (his. 2) having a pointed end 48 adapted to enter one of the perforations 43 in the higher order wheel, either to the right or the leftof the perforation which is engaged by the lug 42. The end 48 when entering one of said perforations rocks the ring 44 around the pins 45, disengaging the lug 42 from the wheel 40. The wheel then is under the control of the member 47 and is turned thereby in additive or subtractive direction, one unit for each complete rotation of the numeral disk 21, respectively, on adding or resetting operations. For the purpose of projecting the member 47 into engagement with the wheel 40, a small post 49 projects downwardly from the ratchet wheel 23.

This post is in a suitable location to engage the rear end 50 of a slide member 51 at the time the wheel 21 passes from 99 to O, or from 0 to 99. The slide member 51 is provided with legs 52 resting on the fixed plate 18 between the flanges thereof. The slide 51 is also provided with pins 54 projecting. through curved slots in the carryingdevice 47. Thus on the motion of the slide 51 under the action of the pin 49, the carrying device/l7 is projected into engagement with the wheel 40, due to the pins 54 engaging the ends of the slots The transfer device may then, oscillate on either one of the pins 54 as the slot 55, engaged by the opposite pin, permits such motion. The transfer device 47 is normally retained in a central position, as Sl1()\ n in Fig. 2, by a spring 56 .(Fig. 9') extending between the lug 57. on the transfer device 47 and a screw 58 depending from the slide member 51. The inner end of the transfer device 47 is curved as shown in Fig. 2, and is bent upwardly at 59 for the purpose of cooperating with a semi-spiral actuating cam 10 secured to the lower surface of the ratchet wheel 23; The normal position of the lug 59 being as shown in Fig. 2, the cam 60 will rock the transfer device 47 either to the right or the left, depending upon the direction of rotation of the ratchet wheel. Since in adding operations the ratchet wheel rotates in the direction indicated. by the arrow 61 (Fig. 2) the lug 59 will be engaged by the inside surface of the cam, and the transfer device, during the rotation of the cam, will be gradually rocked to the left, around the pin 54. When thetransfer device is in its extreme left-hand position, the pin 49 projects the transfer device into engagement with the wheel 40, and before thepin 49 clears the inner end of the slide 51, the cam 60 releases the transfer devicc 4'7, which then oslock the cillates back to its normal position as shown in Fig. 2. i This rocking motion of the transfer device resultsv in the higher order wheel 40 rotating one unit of movement in a forward direction.

On resetting operations, the ratchet 23 is rotated oppositely to the direction indicated by the arrow 61, and therefore the outer surface of the cam 60 engages the lug 59 and rocks the transfer device at? outwardly around the pin 54L, and when it releases the same, permits it to return to its normal position and rotate the wheel 40 backwardly one unit for each complete backward rotation or" the wheel 21. In resettlng the device, backward IOtittlOIl.

is imparted to the spindle 10 by means of the crank handle 62, which has a slotted hub 3 formed to engage a transverse pin (34 in the upper end of the spindle. Since the disk 21 and ratchet wheel 23 are fast to thespindle, the wheel 21 is rotated backwardly, and the transfer device operated for each backward rotation of the numeral wheel 21 to impart one unit of backward motion to the higher order wheel lO. WVhen the latter wheel arrives at zero position, the disk 21 will also be at zero position, and further backward motion is prevented by an arm 65 engaging'the spindle '10. The arm 65 is fast to a pinion 66 rotatably mounted on the stub shaft 67, which is driven one tooth space for each complete rotation otthe spindle 10 in either direction, by a pin 68 projecting from the spindle in the horizontal plane of the pinion 66. The arm (35 therefore may be rotated in either direction until stopped by engagement with the spindle 10, and determines the maximum amount which may be accumulated by the numeral wheels, and also prevents rotation of such wheels beyond the zero position upon resetting operations. The retaining pawl for the pinion 66 is indicated at 66.1.

In the operation of the device, assuming that each of the numeral wheels indicates zero, a depression of the key will result in rocking the arcuate'bar l l upwardly thereby causing the pointed pin 35 to engage one of the perforations 34 in the numeral disk 21. The arm 30, being capable of rotation around the spindle 10, may then rotate with the numeral disk 21 under the action of the spring motor 24 until said arm is stopped by engagement with the rearend 13 of the depressed key. '1 he motor is permitted. toact' action of the motor. As the arcuatev bar 14 retu'rnsto normal position, it disengages the pin 53 from the disk 21, due to the fact that the outer end oi the arm 33 is loosely curled around the bar 14h As amounts are successively added. to the numeral wheel 21, the cam (30 serves to rock the transfer device l! around its pivot .5 in a leit-hand direction. The transfer device is then projected into one or the apertures in the hi her order wheel, by the pin 49 engag= ing the slide 51 upon which the transfer de vice is mounted.

normal oosition carr' in with it the transl a a fer device l? under theaction of the spring 51.1. Theslide 51 1s glllClQCllIl its reciproeating motion by the fixed plates 18 and 18.1. i

lVhen the numeral wheel 21 arrives at zero position, the lug 59 of- The device may be reset to zero at any time, merely by rotating the s ind le 10 in a right-hand direction (Fig. 2), by means oi. the crank handle 62. In this direction of rotation the spindle, the teeth of the ratchet 23 idly ride over the end of the pawl 35. Each time the disk 21 passes the zero point, the transfer device will be operated in a subtractive direction, due to the return rocking motion of the transfer device under the action of its spring 56 when it is released by the cam 60, which upon resetting operations, normally serves to rock the transfer device to the right (Fig. 2). lV hen the higher orderwheel arrives at zero position, the arm (35, by engaging the spindle 10, prevents further rotation of the pinion 66, and consequently, rotation oi the numeral wheels beyond their zero position.

Althoughbut one specific embodiment of this invention has been herein shown and described, it will be understood that numerous details of the constrin ion shown may be altered. or omitted without departing "from the spirit of this invention as defined b the followin claims.

I claim:

1. A device of the class described, comprising a numbered rotatable disk, a spring for rotating said disk, a ratchet wheel rigid with said disk, a pawl for engaging said ratchet wheel and normally preventing rotation of the disk under the action of the spring, an arm arranged to oscillate around the axis of said disk and to rock vertically into and out of engagement therewith, and manipulative devices adapted to disengage said pawl from the ratchet and limit the rotation of the numbered disk by cooperating with said arm.

2. A device of the'class described, cornprising a numbered rotatable disk, a spring for rotating said disk, a ratchet wheel rigid with said disk, a pawl for engaging said ratchet wheel and normally preventing rotation of the disk under the action of the spring, an arm arranged to oscillate around the axis of said disk and to rock vertically into and out of: engagement therewith, a pivoted bail for rocking said arm vertically, said bail being arranged to rock the pawl out of engagement with the ratchet wheel, and keys radially arranged with respect to the axis of said numbered disk and adapted to rock said bail and limit the rotation of the disk by cooperating with said arm.

3. A device of the class described, comprising a numbered rotatable disk, a spring for rotating said disk, a ratchet wheel rigid with said disk, a pawl for engaging said ratchet wheel and normally preventing rotation of the disk under the action of the spring, an arm arranged to oscillate around the axis of said. disk and to rock vertically into and out of engagement therewith, a pivoted bail for rocking said arm vertically, said bail being arranged to rock the pawl out of engagement with the ratchet wheel. and manipulative means adapted to rock said bail and limit the rotation of the disk by cooperating with said arm.

at. A device of the classdescribed, comprising a lower order numeralwvheel and a higher order numeral wheel, means for differentially rotating the lower order wheel, a transfer device, a slide upon which said transfer device is pivotally mounted, an open spiral cam rigid with the lower order wheel arranged to rock said transfer device around its pivot in adirection dependent upon the direction of rotation of said lower order wheel, means for shifting said slide to engage the transfer device with the higher order wheel, and means for rocking the transfer device around its pivot back to normal position.

5. A device of the class describech comprising a lower order numeral wheel and a higher order numeral wheel, means for differentially rotating the lower order wheel, a transfer device, a slide uponwhich said transfer device is pivotally mounted,

an open spiral cam rigid with the lower order wheel arranged to rock said transfer device around its pivot in -ad rection dependent upon the direction of rotation of said lower order wheel, means for shifting said slide to engage the transfer device with the higher order wheel, and a spring for rocking the transfer device around its pivot back to normal position.

(S. A device of the class described, comprising a lower order wheel and a higher order wheel, a spring motor arranged to drive said lower order wheel, manipulative means for controlling the rotation of the lower order wheel under the action of said spring motor, carrying mechanism between said lower and higher order wheels, said carrying mechanism comprising an oscillating pawl for engaging the higher order wheel, a slide upon which said pawl is mounted, said slide being shiftable under the action of said lower order wheel, and a double pivotal connection between said pawl and slide, said lower order wheel being arranged to oscillate said pawl around one or the other of the slot and pin connections with said slide according to the direction of rotation of said lower order wheel, and a restoring sprii'ig extended between said slide and pawl.

7. A device of the class described, a. numeral disk, a spring motor for driving said disk, keys radially arranged. with respect to the center of the disk and adapted to regulate its motion under the action of the spring motor, a higher order wheel, and means for effecting carrying operation from said numeral disk to the higher order wheel, said means comprising a pawl having a pair of curved slots, a slide provided with pins extending through said curved slots, said disk being provided with means for reciprocating said slide, said disk also being provided with means for oscillating said pawl on one or the other of said pins in accordance with the direction of rotation of said disk, and a restoring spring extended between said slide and pawl.

8. A device of the class described, comprising a numbered rotatable disk, a spring for rotating said disk, a ratchet wheel rigid with said disk, a pawl for engaging said ratchet wheel and normally preventing rotation of the disk under the action of said spring, a pivoted bail arranged to rock said pawl out of engagement with said ratchet wheel, and manipulative means adapted to rock said bail to shift said pawl out of engagement with said ratchet wheel and to limit the rotation of the numbered disk under the action of said spring.

Signed at Chicago this 2nd day of June,

CHARLES M. FITCH.

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