US308528A - stark - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet- 1. A. STARK.

ADDING MACHINE.

No. 308,528. Patented Nov 25, 1884.

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.WITNESSES: INVENTOR L/ K ZM,

ATTORNEYS (No Model.) S'Sheets-Sheet 2.

. A. STARK.

ADDING MACHINE.

No. 308,528. Patented Nov. 25, 1884.

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WITNESSES (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet- 3.

A. STARK.

ADDING MACHINE. No. 308,528 Patented Nov. 25, 1884.

UNITED STATES PATENT ANDRE? STARK, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO L. \V. NOYES, OF SAME PLACE.

ADDlNG-MACi-HNE.

EPECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 308,528, dated November 25, 183%.

Application filed October 18, 1883. (No model.)

1'0 all whom it may concern/.-

Be it known that I, ANDREW STARK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cool; and State of Illinois,

have invented certain new and useful I1nprovements in Adding-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to machines for producing a visible registration of the sum of any numbers by manipulation of finger-keys corresponding to the digits of which the numbers to be added are composed. Its distinctive features are fully set forth in the claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,

I 5 wherein Figure 1 is a front elevation. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the number-rollers and their common arbor. Fig. 8 is a plan view. Fig. 4 is a side elevation. Fig. 5 shows the triple cam.

The entire mechanism is attached to and held in place by the base A and the sides AA.

B B are rollers placed on a common axle, b, and adapted to revolve independently of each other, and each having its periphery divided into three or more equal spaces by the notches b, and each space subdivided into ten subdivisions, numbered from O to 9, inclusive. Each roller has on one side, and rigidly secured to it, a notched disk or ratchet-wheel, b, having as many equispaeed teeth as there are equal numbered spaces on the periphery of the rollers. On the other side each roller, except the last one to the left, has secured to it 3 5 a triple cam, if, having a face, b", and a projection, 12 corresponding to each of the notches b on the periphery of the roller.

0 is a bar passing across the top. and bent down at the sides of the system of rollers and fixed upon the shaft 1), and having a series of light springs attached to it in such manner that one end of each may press on the periphcry of one of the rollers and fall into the notches I). The bar is held in placethat is, pre- 45.. vented from revolving around the shaft I) while the rollers are being operated by the notched projection a of the side frame A.

D D are parallel lever-arms, attached to the rock-shaft D, which is pivoted in the frame 5 A A behind the system of rollers B, and has a spring, D for throwing back the lever-arms D D alter being pressed down in the act of adding a number. as hereinafter described. These two lever-arms D D extend past the ends of the system of rollers B, and are connected across the front of the machine by the key-bar D", to which are pivoted eight keys, (1, numbered from 0 to S, inclusive. A ninth key, (Z, numbered 9 is rigidly secured either to the key-bar D" or to one of the side bars D as shown. The side bars D are also connected across the front of the machine by the cross-bar D which serves for a stop for the keys (Z, rocking over their pivots on the keybar D, as hereinafter explained. The piv- 6 oted keys (Z are formed and placed. so as to stand when at rest with their upper fac s in clined downward toward the machine, being thrown into that position by suitable springs, d" as soon as the pressure of the linger is removed. The pivoted keys have each atoc, d, which projects considerably below the point at which they are pivoted, so that as the keys are presseddownward, overcoming the spring (1*, the toe is thrown forward suiliciently to cause it to strike upon its proper stop. The ninth or rigid key has a similar toe, (l, which stands always in position to collide with its proper stop when the key-bar is sulliciently depressed.

From tnc lever-arms there are projected upward and backward two pieces, 1)" D, one at each end of the machine, and in front of the axis of the rollers, having on their under edges segment-racks, which engage with the segment-pinions E to impart motion to the driving-pawl E. These segmcntpinions are pivoted upon the shaft I), one at each end of the system of rollers 15. From each of them an arm, 1], extends up beyond the edge of 0 the rollers 33, having a range of motion concentric with the rollers 13, and just in l'ront of them, equal to nine numeral-spaces on the periphery of the rollers. The crossbar E carries a pawl, ll, which engages with the 5 ratch et-disks if, rotatin g them and the attached rollers 13 in the direction of the numbers. This bar E and its attached pawl E carried by the sector-pinions E to which they are attached by means of the arms F at each end,

Lli

are actuated by the segment-racks D D, engaging with said sector-pinions E E. The cross-bar E is pivoted at each end in the projecting arms E E" of the pinions E E, the pinions being pivoted to the shalt, as described. The cross-bar E is of such shape that the pawl Ff slides upon but cannot revolve about it, and is kept in contact with the ratchet-disk If by the use of a suitable spring, 0, applied to the cross-bar; or the crossbar may be rigidly attached to the arms E E, and in that case the crossbar may be made round, and a suitable spring be arranged to directly actuate the pawl E F F F F are devices for carrying the tens from one roller to the next from left to right. They are bell-cranl-t levers pivoted at their angles, respectively, on the shaft f supported in the frame A A. They are operated by the peripheral cams I), attached to the rollers B, the lower arm, f, of each having a bearing-surface in contact withone oi the cams I), and adapted to be acted upon by the latter, so as to be thrown down by each of its projections If. The upward-projecting arm j of the bell-crank lever F has on its in ward edge a beariiig surlace terminating in the projection f midway from its upper end, against which the cam Z) acts to throw back the bellcrank lever, which has a pawl, f, on its upper end engaging in the ratchet Z), attached to the adjacent side of the next roller to the left. in front, and attached to the base, I have placed a vertical projection, G, arranged to stop the descent of the key-bar l) and keys (Z. The upper edge of this projection is of varying height, eorrespomling to the key which it is intended to step, stopping l on the first level, 2 on the second level, 3 on the third level, etc. Instead the toes (2 may be made of similarly varying length, and the stop G may then be of uni form height.

The operation of my invention may be understood from the following description: The cross-bar 0, released from the catch a, which is made sulliciently elastic to be sprung aside for that purpose, is rocked back toward the shaft D a distance of [all ten numeralspaees, the pawls 0 sliding on the periphery of the rollers or number-wheels respectively. The bar 0 being then rocked forward to its first position,the pawls c engage in the notches I), which are only ten ni'uneral-spaces apart, on the periphery of the rollers, so that in the course of the rocking movement of the bar through ten i'ull spaces every wheel will be thus engaged by its corresponding pawl. The pawls being all in line, the notches, and so the zeros,which are at the same distance from the notches on all the wheels, will be brought into line, and will so stand when the forward movement ol'the rock-bar ceases and the catch again engages it. The operator now places the pawl E so that it will work on the ratchet of the first roller to the right (the units-roller), and depresses the key corresponding to the figure to be added in the units-column. The

spring (1, which sustains the key (1 upon the key-bar, being much weaker than the spring D which sustains the key-bar itself, yields first to the pressure upon the key, permits the key to rock over the key-bar and throw its toe (1 forward into range of the stop-bar G. Pressure being continued upon the key, and the rocking motion of the key itself being arrested by the contact with the cross-bar D", the spring D yields to the pressure of the operator, and the key-bar is depressed until the too (1, protruded forward as explained, collides with its corresponding stop on the stopbar G and arrests the descent of the keybar. The pressure being removed, the springs D and d react and throw the key and key-bar into their initial position. in this motion it will be seen that the segment-rack D has been carried with the key-bar and side bars, l) D, and that thereby the seetor-pinion E has been revolved and has carried with it the pawl E and the number wheel engaged by the pawl through an arc corresponding to the number of the key depressed, thereby bringing into the position occupied at starting by the zero a figure on the periphery t thenumber-wheel corresponding to said key. The key corresponding to the next figure in the column is now pressed down, and in like manner all subsequent figures in the unitseolumn, where" upon the rollers will show the sum, reading the figures which appear below the ends of the springs. The operator now presses upon the head. of the pawl 11", to disengage it from the ratchet Zr of the units-roller, and slides it along upon the bar E until it will. work upon the ratchet of the next (tens) roller, and,co1nmeneing with the first figure in that column, proceeds as before, and similarly with all succeeding columns until all have been added, when the machine will show the aggregate upon the line where the zeros stood at the be ginning.

It will be understood from the foregoing description that when any roller has been rotated nine numeral-spaces the apex f of the bearing-surface on the upper arm, f, of the bell-crank lever F has just passed the apex b of the cam-disk I)" on the left side of the roller B, and the pawlf" has thereby been retracted over the ratchet I) pertaining to the next roller to the left, and the point of the lower arm, f, of the bell-crank lever F is resting just at the root of the next cam projection, b, of the first roller, so that upon the rotation of the first roller one space farther the Cfllll Z), acting against the bearing-surface of the lower arm,

f, of the bell-crank lever F, drives forward the upper arm and the pawl f, and thereby advances the next roller one numeralspace. The rock-shalt l), beingbehind the axis of the number-wheels, and the rack I), being in front of that axis and the sector E, having that axis as its center, the radius of the seginent'rack B" being thereby greater than that of the sec tor E, causes the angular motion of the keybar and of the rack rocking with it to be proportionately less than the angular motion which the rack thereby gives to the sector and to the number-wheels revolving with it. As illustrated, the radius of the rack is about three times that of the sector, and the angular motion of the rack is therefore only about onethird that of the sector, and thereby the 1110- tion of the key-bar, and so of the hand of the operator in depressing it, is reduced approximately to a straight line, which renders the action easier and more rapid than if the operator were obliged at every stroke to follow the curve of the number-wheel through nearly one-third of its circumference, or such portion of its circumference as the number to be added should be of thirty, the whole number of spaces on the wheel.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In an adding-machine, in combination with the number-rollers mounted side by side on a single arbor, a gear-sector on the same arbor, a segment rack meshing therewith whose center of motion and curvature is on the side of said arbor opposite said rack, a driving-pawl mounted on a rigid radial extension of said gear-sector, and the key-bar rigid with said segment-rack, all cooperating to make the angular motion of the key-bar less than the resultant angular motion of the number-wheels, substantially as set forth.

2. 111 an adding-machine, in combination with the number-wheels, their actuating leverarm and the mechanism whereby the arm actuates the wheels, a spring to retract the arm, the finger-keys mounted on the arm or some fixed adjunct thereof, and having a limited range of motion with relation to the arm, a spring to sustain each such keys on the arm out of range of the stop-bar, said keys adapted to yield in the direction of the motion of the arm, but to pressure less than suflicient to actuate the arm against its retracting-spring, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In an adding-machine, in combination with the number-wheels and their ratchetdisks, disks secured to one side of each having two or more equispaced radial or projecting teeth adapted to act as cams, bell-crank levers embracing the disks in their angles, respectively, and having their two arms provided with bearing-surfaces adapted to be acted upon alternately by the cam-teeth of the disks, and pawls pivoted one to each of the bell-crank levers and adapted to engage the ratchet-wheel of the next higher denomination above the one which actuates it, substantially as set forth.

4:. In an adding-machine, in combination, a supporting-frame, a shaft fixed therein, a series of independently revolving numberwheels arranged side byside upon such shaft, and having upon their peripheries notches at each tenth numeral-space only, a rock-bar rocking over the circumference of the wheels, and as many independent spring-pawls thereon as there are number-wheels, said pawls arranged separately to engage the notches on the periphery of said wheels, respectively,whereby all the wheels are simultaneously set to zeropoint at starting,substantially as set forth.

ANDREW STARK.

Attest:

Cults. S. BURTON, Franc W. PARKER.

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