US133422A - Improvement in wrenches - Google Patents

Description

F. L. DELFER.

Wrenches.

No. 133,422. Patented N0 v.26,1872.

FRANK LEO DELFEB, 0F BURLINGTON, IOVA.

lMPROVEViENT IN WRENCHES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 133,422, dated November 26, 1872.

To altwhom it may concern: v

Be it known that I, FRANK LEO DELFER, of Burlington, in the county of Des Moines and State of Iowa, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Wrenches 5 and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure lis a perspective view of my wrench. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same, showing one method of producing the desired operation. Fig. 3 shows severalmodications of the form of the jaws. Fig. 4 shows different forms of nuts.

The object of 4the irst part of my invention is to facilitate the moving and setting of the movable jaw; and of the second part to enable the jaws to seize and hold a nut of irregular form, so that when removed from its screw it will still be securely held by said wrench, as will be more fully described hereafter. The irst part of my invention consists in the peculiar arrangement of a rack and an independent pawl, whereby the movable jaw may be brought into adjustment, or very nearly so, without changing its parallelism with the stationary jaw, and an adjusting-screw of short range, whereby the movable jaw may be adjusted as to any range between the teeth of the rack.

That others may fully understand this part of my invention, I will particularly describe it.

A is the stationaryhead or jaw,- and B is the movable jaw sliding upon the bar C, to the lower end of which the handle D is fixed.

Along one side of the bar C a series of rack! teeth, c, is out, and a pawl, E, set in the movable jaw B en gages with one of said rack-teeth so as to prevent any backward movement of movable jaw from the place where set. The pawl E is jointed to a sliding bar, F, and therefore may be moved, as Irespects the jaw B, in the line of bar C. The bar F may be moved by a screw, G, which bears against the jaw B, or by some other suitable device, such as a cam, wedge, or screw otherwise placed. When the movable jaw is to be set, it is merely required to slide said jaw up to the objectto be operated upon, the stationary jaw being then in contact with the opposite side of said object. The rack-teeth c will enable the pawl E to hold said movable jaw very nearly up to the said point of contact, and, if it is .required that said jaw should be held actually in contact with the object interposed, then the screw G or its equivalent device may be caused to move said pawl and sliding bar F until the desired adjustment is obtained. When said jaw B is to be released from contact, or a new adjustment obtained, the pawl E is withdrawn from the rack-teeth by any proper means 5 the movable jaw may then slide freely backward. A spring, e, may be employed to keep the pawl in engagement with the rack-teeth. By this means the movable jaw may be adjusted with all the facility of a rack-a-nd-pawl movement, and withall the accuracy or firmness of a screw-adjustment.

The second part of my invention consists of jaws having peculiar forms, for the purpose of enabling them to grasp a nut whose face is broader or larger in lateral dimensions toward its front than toward its rear or middle portion, so that said jaws may reach over and grasp said nut by its smaller part, whereby it may be securely held and retained between the jaws of the wrench without the exercise of much pressure.

Nuts may be made in various ways so as to present the requisite facility of attachment with this wrench. Some of the various forms are shown in Fig. 4, and in the drawing are" represented several methods of fashioning the jaws of the wrench to accommodate the various shapes of the nuts. It is considered, however, that the form shown at b,vbeingthe most common, will be the form best adapted to mypurpose.l I will therefore only describe the j aws necessary to secure the desired result with a nut of that character, without designing to confine myself to those forms so long as the grand object is attainedi. e., the retention of the nut between the jaws without pressure. The angular recesses g are made in the jaws -to receive the corner of any nut which may be interposed between them. When the corners ofsaid nut are seated within said recesses they cannot be withdrawn, even if no material pressure is exerted by the screw'G.

For farmers and other persons unskilled in the use of tools, the slipping of the nut from the jaws is often a source of great annoyance, and, in addition, the nuts, especially of wagonaxles, are soiled with grease and unpleasant to handle. With my wrench the nut may be removed and retained between the jaws until it is replaced upon its screw.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new is 1. In combination with the movable jaw B of a wrench and the rack and pawl c E, the s1iding bar F and screw G, for the purpose set forth. 4

2. A wrench having the following devices in combination, viz., a stationary jaw, A, fixed to a rack-bar, G, a movable jaw, B, fitted to slide upon said rack-bar without changing its parallelism with the station ary jaw A, a catch or pawl, E, independent of the movement ofthe jaw B, and a screw, G, to move said pawl 1ongitudinally in the neck of said jaw B, Whereby the jaw B may move toward or away from the jaw A at al1 times parallel thereto, and be held bythe pawl E near to the desired point, and then moved to the required adjustment by means of the screw G, all as set forth.

3. A movable jaw-wrench having jawsprovided with ribs, projections, or notches, substantially as described, whereby a suitably formed nut may be grasped and held by said jaws without great pressure, as set forth.

F. L. DELFER.

Witnesses:

R. D. 0. SMITH, GEO. BARTLE.

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