US1331393A - Construction for perfecting combustion - Google Patents

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H. M. SNOW AND N. B. WALES. cowsmucnow FOR PERFECTING COMBUSTION.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. I. 1919. I 7

Patented Feb. 17,1920.

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H. M. SNOW AND N. B. WALES.

CONSTRUCTION FOR PERFECTING COMBUSTION. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 1; I9I9.

Patented Feb. 17, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY M. SNOW, OF KALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN, AND NATHANIEL B. WALES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNORS TO MICHIGAN SERVICE CORPORATION, OF JACKSON, MICH- IGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

CONSTRUCTION FOR PERFECTING COMBUSTION.

Application filed December 1, 1919.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HARRY M. SNow, residing at Kalamazoo, in the county of Kalamazoo and State of Michigan, and NATHANIEL B. ALES, residing at New York city, in the county and State of New York, citizens of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Construction for Perfecting Combustion, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is based on the well known fact that in the burning of combustibles, such as coal and the like in furnaces no device or structure can so perfectly mix comminuted fuel and air in combustible proportions when spread on a grate surface as to chemically proportion the mixture of air and carbon to give a complete oxidization to CO of the air and carbon within the immediate high temperature heat zone of the combustlble due to reasons which will hereinafter be more clearly and in detail explained. This invention has for its object structure which will bring about a separation of the CO gas from the CO gas as the same are generated in varying proportions from a given condition of fire on the grates of a furnace due to the lighter specific gravity of the CO and by a proper maintenance of temperatures of the gases, together with the addition of a controlled volume of highly heated air, which after separation of the CO from the CO is added in controlled volume tothe CO gas, resulting in the generation of very high temperatures at and beyond the point where the secondary burning takes place and which in operation resembles a torch-like sheet of flame starting with precision at the point wherein conditions are arranged to produce it and giving its heat directly by impingement to the tube surface of the boiler.

.On account of the inevitable clogging by ash and silica of grate openings and the natu ral packing of a solid fuel when subjected to distillation, provision is made in this invention, as shown, in one embodiment of the same, providing for suitable openings in the vertical side walls of the fire box of the combustion chamber, just above the grate line, and below the top of the normal fuel bed, through which heated air is forced or induced either by the natural draft or by external means.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 17, 1920.

Serial No. 341,657.

The coal is preferably fired on the grates, which may be of any well known form and design, such that it lies in a relatively deeper mass near the side walls of the combustion chamber than at or near the center thereof and the advantage of this is clearly established in actual practice. The apertures in the side walls of the combustion chamber referred to not being easily clogged are effective in permitting a free passage of heated air to come in direct contact with the heavy bank of coal lying against them. This coal naturally undergoes distillation of its more volatile components and forms mainly a CO gas, which being lighter than the CO gas also generated in lesser degree, rises in the fire box or combustion chamber to the top thereof. The result of this particular mode of firing with the coal banked against such side air openings produces a well defined gas-producer action within the combustion chamber forming an excessive amount of CO gas, which gas now beyond the initial combustion zone is impelled upward due to its heated condition and light specific gravity and is compelled to pass into a secondary burner throat or nozzle wherein an additional volume of highly heated air mixes with it, said mixture being above its ignition point, immediately resulting in a torch-like flame sheet starting at the secondary burner throat and extending through the heat path of the boiler.

It is evident that we may carry out this invention by proper arrangement of incorporated parts in any well known boiler and it is one of the valuable features of this invention that this may be done, thereby permitting a great betterment of combustion in existing installations by making such changes in the brick work and setting of the boiler as to effect this initial distillation and produce a secondary ignition zone, wherein the gases complete their combustion under conditions basiely perfect for complete combustion.

One of the features which we wish to plainly set forth in this invention is our preference to a relatively high combustion chamber and the setting of the boiler higher above the grate than is donein ordinary practice. This permits of a more effective separation by weight of the carbon monoxid and other light gases from the carbon dioxid gas due to the greater distance or height berected rearwardly under the arch of the baffle 17 is located where it is most effective in heating the tubes of the boiler. We have therefore not only secured a perfect combustion of all of the gaseous and volatile products of the fuel but have also caused the most intense combustion to take place at a point where it will be most efiective in heating the boiler.

It is desirable to provide an increased volume of air through the several air inlets when fresh fuel is being shoveled upon the grate and for this purpose the doors A may be connected by levers and links 26, 27, with dampers 28 in the air inlets, so that the dampers will be swung wide open when the doors are open and partially closed when the doors are closed.

e claim l. A boiler furnace comprising, in combination, a grate, a rear baffle depending from the furnace roof and terminating short of the grate, and a forward bafiie spaced from said roof and rear bafile to form a passage and extending below the level of the edge of the rear baflie, said rear bafiie con taining an air inlet flue discharging into said passage.

2. A boiler furnace comprising, in com bination, a grate, a rear baffle depending from the furnace roof and terminating short of the grate, and a forward baffle spaced from said roof and rear bafiie to form a passage and extending below the level of the edge of the rear baffle, said rear baffle containing an air inlet flue discharging into said passage, and the side walls of the furnace containing air inlet fiues discharging into the fire-box over the grate and below the top of the normal fuel bed.

3. A boiler-furnace as set forth in claim 2, and damper mechanism for varying the inlets to said air fines.

4. A boiler-furnace as set forth in claim 2, damper mechanism for varying the inlets to said air fines and means connected with the furnace fuel door for controlling said damper mechanism.

.5. A boiler furnace as set forth in claim 1, wherein the roof wall is provided with an air duct communicating with the air inlet flue in the rear baffie.

In testimony whereof we ahix our signatures.

HARRY M. SNOlV. NATHANIEL B. ALES.

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