US1349537A - Canada - Google Patents

Description

W. THOMAS AND A. E. MAINWARINGL -HEAT GENERATING FURNACE.

. APPLICATION HLED MAR. 9. new.

Patented Aug-10, 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l.

W. THOMAS AND A. E. MAINWARING.

HEAT GENERATING FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED- MAR. 9, 9m

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITHOMAS AND A. E. MAINWARING.

HEAT GENERATING FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 9, 1917.

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

5' SHEETS-SHEET 3.

as a

LMAMZ/VLM 7% I @W W. THOMAS AND A. E. MAINWARING.

HEAT GENERATING FURNACE.

0 2. 9 IT mm 1% 0.08 UH AW 05 e t. n .w a P 7 W 9 mm A M D E L H N 0 .H A C H DI DI A i W. THOMAS AND A. E. MAINWARING.

HEAT GENERATING FURNACE.

APPLICATION mm MAR. 9. 1911..

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

UNITED S AT S? WALTER THOMAS Ann ALBEB EDWARD 'MAIfJWAEING, or NA A-1 0, BnITIsn I COLUMBIA, CANADA, AssIGNoRs o-F ncoNsnnvATIon COMPANY LI ITED; I or VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADAf-ACORPORATION or BRITISH.

COLUMBIA, CANADA.

. HEAT-GENERATING FURNACE. 1

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Applicati'on filed arthe; eil s naii o. 5 3531 I,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WALT R THO AS and ALBERT EDWARD MAINWA I G', subjects of the King of Great Britain, residing at Nanaimo, in the county of Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada, have invented certain new and usefullmprovernents in Heat-Gem crating Furnaces, of'whichthe following is a specification. I I I c This invention relates to a heat generating furnace, adapted to. burn low-grade or other fuel and all combustible gaseous products (socalled smoke), for heatingsteam boilers of all classes and for other industrial purposes, such as heating bakery ovens,b rick and pottery kilns, ore roasting furnaces, lime and cement kilns or retorts, buildings, and with great saving of fuel. i g

This heat generator is designed and especially adapted for'b'urning allkinds of lowgrade and, at present,"waste fuels,.such as mine waste, lignite,'and other waste fuels which are well knownto be plentiful in most places where fuel is used for steaming and other purposes. Our furnaceis particularly adapted for gasifying, or evolving, the volatile vapors and gases from fuel and to draw such heated vapors and gases through a body of fresh coal or other fuel to more rapidly liberate thevolatile-v'apors and to mixwith the gasesqand vapors a sufficient quantity of air to produce perfect combustion within the combustion chamber and before any so called smoke can escape to the stack, whereby perfect combustion is ob tained and the highest possible calorific value of the fuel is utilized. I

combustion of fuel for generating steam;

By means ofnumerous experimental con-c structions of'heat generating furnaces we have overcome many d fliculties heretofore encountered in producing continuous; and uniform combustion so as to obtain a un1 form heat for a number of hours and we 9 have embodied our improvements 1n .a'furg nace or furnaces illustrated in" the accomk panying drawings.

The principal object of our invention, therefore, is to provide for. generating high heat under perfect control, from low-grade ivhich stack.

bonvapors and gases and other hot vapors I through a bod y of fresh'fuel, whereby their volatile vapors will be evolved and carried off to be mixed with air and burnt in the Ajspecial object of 'our inventioniis to same 'combustionchamber with the gaseous i .products'from the cooked fuel. 1

nrovide'for jsimplifyingthe constructiono'ffl l the generating furnacee -doing away with a separate coking chamber or retortiand to provide for better separating the gases from the freshfuel, then heating them and a a intermixing'themwith air attheir entrance 5 9 to the secondary combustion chamber. o 1

Another obj ectof our invention is to provideforcontinuously!feeding fuel by suit i able. mechanical stokers, and also for removing clinker and cleaning the fire, so as uou w I l i iO m Y Ano er. i t;i$..t. -pr v d 'P Q ing a'fmoreperfect secondary combustion of to make the operation of firing a boiler co nfixed. carboniwhichare carried off from fuel and which frequently escape unburned from the stack; I

' Other objects purposes of our invention will 'apipearfin the detailed description of the apparatus and its operation by reference to :the accompanying "drawings, in

f Figureglfrepresents a front elevation of our heat generating furnace. I l Fig. 2"represents!a t opj plan view with partsin horizontal section. l

Fig.3rep'resents a longitudinal vertical section of the generator with connecting parts in elevation. I

Fig. 4 represents a transverse sectionon the line in F gs. Qand 3.

f Fig. 4! epresents an inner face View of' a header for: the air. 'l eating 'coil in the li Fig. two planes'indicated by the irregular line 5.5,Fig.6. '.x x f Fig.16 represents a horizontal section on the line6'6'of Fig;5. a

'5, 'represents"a vertical section on the Fig. 7 represents altransverse section I through "the fuel chamber, the view being V the two planes indicated by the dotted lines 9 9, Fig. 8. I

F side of the fuel chamber.

kllOlVIl 11121111181.

Fig. 10 represents a horizontal section taken on the irregular lines 1010 l0 10 Fig. 8.

111 the construction and operation 01 our heat generator we provide for causing circulation of gase1therby a blower or a et of steam, and for forcing streams of air under pressure into both primary and secondary combustion chambers for burning the fixed carbon and gas. 7 i

he walls of the generator furnace 1 are constructed with brick and may be lined with firebrick, erected on a concrete foundation X. The brick walls may be also inclosed in a jacket .of plate iron in a well A steam boiler is mounted above the generator furnace ina well known form of setting and in the illustration we have shown a tubular boiler. To the rear of the generating furnace we provide a secondary combustion chamber 15 under the boiler.

In a heat generator we construct the fuel and primary combustion chamber of special form, composed of two parts, namely, a lower part 2 constituting a main fuel and combustion chamber and an upper, contracted part 2 for containing fresh or green fuel, in which coking and distillation are effected. The fuel level or surface is indicated in Fig. 3 by the irregular line 3*. The lower part 2 is made wider and occupies the full width of the chamber adjacent to the grate, and the upper part .2 ismade narrower and arranged centrally above the grate and in line with the fuel feeding opening 5 with which connects a suitable automatic feeding or stoking device for delivering a continuous supply of fuel without opening a door. At the junction of the wider longitudinal lower part 2 and the narrower longitudinal upper part 2" is formed an offset 2*, Figs. 5 and 7, on each These ofisets provide two longitudinal channels 2 for hot gases along the body of fuel from the upper part 2- to the secondary combustion chamber 15, as willbe hereinafter more fully described. At the base of the generator is constructed the usual ash-pit 3 and above the same a shaking grate 4 having a longitudinal clinker breaker P which may be revolved in any suitable manner.

. grate or set of grate bars is placed an eccen- Below each trio 4 or othersuitable means for rocking or agitating the grate. In the front wall of the furnace are provided the upper fuel openings 5, the fire opening and door 6 and the opening and door 7. The bodyS of the coal feeding device connects with the front wall on a line with the opening 5 and has mounted upon it a coal hopper 9, having connected to it a chain and lever 12. ithin the body 8 is arranged a screw-conveyer 10 which is preferably provided with a friction clutch 11. Although we have shown only a screw-conveyer for feeding coal, we propose to use any known form of Inecham cal stoker for delivering a continuous and uniform supply of coal, as required.

A rear furnace wall 13 separates the primary combustion chamber from the secondary combustion chamber 15 and is provided with the ports 14 and 14:, Figs. 6 and 7, for products of combustion. These ports are in the nature of contracted nozzles, each having an inclined wall from the larger inlet to the discharge outlet, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 6. The boiler 16 is provided with the usual stack pipe 17 which contains sets of coils or serpentine pipes 21 for heating air. A fan or rotary air blower 18, which may be a power blower, is preferably placed on top of the furnace and has a shaft which connects with the turbine engine 32, the shaft of which also connects with the rotary gas fan or blower 31. The discharge pipe 19 .of blower 18, Figs. 1 and 2, is provided with a header 20 which connects with the stack pipe and with which communicate the coils or serpentine pipes 21 of'comparatively small diameter. These pipes communicate at their lower ends with the header 22 which is also secured to the stack pipe. A discharge pipe 23 communicates with header 22 and extends forward and communicateswith branches 24 which extend downward at the front of the furnace. These pipes 24 are provided with a series of. short branches having cocks or valves 25 opening into two series of horizontal pipes 26, Figs. 5 and 6, in the side walls of chambers 2 and 2?. A branch air pipe 27, Fig-s2 and 5, extends transversay at the top of the furnace and connects by short branches and valves 28 with the upper ends of the vertical air flues 29, Figs. 2 and 4, in the rear wall 13. These pipes 29 are double, in the form of an inverted U, as shown in Fig. 4. Each branch or leg is provided with a series of short inclined nozzles 29 at the burners 40, as shown in Fig. 6. An

I 38 is provided with an airvalve b for ad mitting air ,to dilute the gases *whichimay be too rich in hydrocarbonsq This waive may be a rotary valve ordamper of a well known kind. The discharge pipe 35, Figs. 2 and 3, of blower 31 extends forward and connects with thetransverse horizontal gas flue 36, Fig. 5'in the front of the furnace and this flue '36 connects on each sideof the fuel chamber with the vertical downtake flue 37, Figs. 5 and 6. With these' flues conmet on each side of the fuel chamber a series of horizontal longitudinal flues' 38. It

will be noted by reference tor-1g. 6'that the horizontal air flues 26 connect near their rear ends with the gas flues 38*andthat the latter have nozzles adjacent to the inclined air ports or'nozzles 29 which discharge into the combustion chamber 15. In the front wall of the furnace, adjacent to the feeding opening 5 are'constru'cted two gasflues 41 opening at thetop into gas flue 36"and discharging at their lowerends into the fuel chamber 2, as clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 6. "The gas flues 36 and'll are controlled.

the gas will have a free passage alongthe body of fuel to the portslt opening into the secondary combustion chamber 15.

- A modified construction of our heat generating furnace, embodyingthe main fea -c tures of construction above described, is 3 illustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and, 10, in'which,

however, the air-heating fines are diifer- 1 chamber. A- steam boiler 16? is" mounted i above and beyond or to one side of the sec-1, ondary combustion chamber. The generator 50 is constructed of brick and has a name ently arranged, and a steam jetis used for exhaustlng and caus ng c rculating of hy-- drocarbon vapors and gases from the fresh dlstilling fuel to the secondary combustion verse dividing'wall 149 separating the fuel and gasification are effected. Anarch 53, havingjnumerous ports ffor discharge of hot air to the combustion chamber"66,is constructed in the rear wall 49 and contains a transverse air flue 56, leadingfrom a longitudinal flue'55, having an inlet port? 54, Fig. 10, in the front wall on alevel shown in Fig. 9. The air "passing' out through ports f is the first "air admitted to chamber 66, The flue 55 has a regulating damper, h, Fig. 10. The front Wall ispro- 1. of thelower part 52 of the primary chamber, an'd'h'as, next to the ashpit 8*,-Figs.8

vided with t e a a 11251 ea openingfv and "a fire door 'openingfi the doorsof i known construction, isarranged at the front and ,9, a broad clinker table orbar, P. A per-.

forated pipe d, having a valve Z, :is placed on'abar of thestep grate to supply water foricoolingthe bars. f

. It will be notedthat the arched roof of part "52 is extended down on interior lines slightly below the topof the step-grate, as

indicated 'in Fig.8, thus providing a liar rower-part 52"-. An' off-setis made on each zside on'a line, with' 'ga's-port 59, thus makingfla wider part 52 in the primary chame fiber, where the fixed ca-rbon'is burned. In

the archedroof,[Fig. 9, is made acentral opening 57 into a flue 58,1 extending down oneach side (one-half'being shown in" Fig. 7 f9 )1- ;'and opening-by outlet'ports 59. at the off-set in thewalls. In the rearlwall 49 is made twolar e gas outlet ports 60 for gas products flowing finto the secondary" combustion chamber 66 A transverse steam :sup'erheater [coil or "manifold 61 is set into the lower part ofwall 4L9, Figs. 8 and 10, an'dha's asupply pipe 48 and adis-j 'chargepipe' 62, provided with a valve 9 and {connecting withatransve'rse upper pipe 63, with which connect the nozzle pipes 64 in the was flues 58,,one of'which is shown in v I" Provi'sionfis madefor both 'a second air ary combustion chamber 66.]; The second air j is admittedflby the lower fiues 70-71 and ports.n,' Fig ss8 and; 10, and the third air supply is'admittedby the'flues 67 and 68,

upper 'returnf flue 68',[Fig. 10, which is ex- 'tended;transversely and then longitudinally on theopposite side'of the furnace, as shown ports m opening into chamber 66, An air inlet port 69 admits R11 to the lower transverse flue 70, which connects with a. return [flue 71 provided with'p'orts '21,. Air will be heated in the lines, The secondary combustionchamber'66 is thus supplied with hot air chamber throughfthe large ports 60. 5

The off-set at'the port 59'and extending to the rearwall 49 will provide achannel 59 a'ndwports in. An inlet" port, Fig. 10, on the level shown .in Fig, .8, opens into I the trans verse and longitudinal flue 67, i which confne'cts" at the frontfof the furnace with an I ,iini' F 10,7and is provided" with numerous and primary combustion chamber, 5252 from the. secondary combustion chamber; 66." f The primary chamber is'comiposed of the lower and wider longitudinal part 52Iadj'acent to the grate, and the narrower longi tudinal part 52* at the top, where coking,

through numerous ports f, m and 'r for completelyflburning the large volume of gas 'eousproducts flowing I from the primary chamber, we provide for coking and ga'sifying only the requisite quantity of fresh fuel,just sufficient to furnish a quantity flO of coke which can be consumed in the lower part of the chamber. In this construction and arrangement of the furnace the fresh fuel will be coked and gasified rapidly, because of being in contact with the hot coke, and as the fresh fuel is coked and expanded it will feed by gravity down into the lower part of the chamber.

By reason of drawing part of the hot fixed gases up through the fresh fuel, the rich hydrocarbon gases will be quickly evolved and carried 05 by the hot fixed gases and the whole product will then be passed partly down into the fuel chamber 7 and partly into the secondary combustion chamber, Where they will be -commingled with hot air and completely burned, without the possibility of any waste or of any smoke escaping to the external air.

The feeding of the fuel will be readily understood by the skilled fireman and will preferably be accomplished by a mechanical stoker in both forms of furnace shown.

The combustion will be controlled and regulated by the valves in the air supply pipes, so that no excessive air shall be fed in the combustion chambers. I

Having described ourinvention, what we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a heat generating furnace, the combination with a combined coking and 00m bustion chamber having a wider longitudinal lower part and a narrower longitudinal upper part, said parts having at their junc tion, on each side, an offset, thereby providing longitudinal gas channels along the body of fuel, and said upper part having a gas outlet in its roof, of a secondary combustion chamber, a transverse division wall having ports in line with said channels, flue connections from said gas outlet in the roof to the longitudinal channels, means in said con.- nections for drawing hot gases and vapors from the fresh fuel and discharging them into said channels, and means for feeding fuel to the upper part of said first named chamber. r

2. A heat generatingfurnace comprising a combined coking and combustion chamber having a wider longitudinal lower part and a narrower longitudinal upper part into the latter of which fresh fuel is fed and distilled, and a secondary combustion chamber, the two combustion chambers being sepa-h dinal gas fines and a series of longitudinal gases from the fixed incandescent carbon below through the distilling fuel above, thereby carrying off rich hydrocarbon vapors from the distilling fuel and discharging them into said gas fines and thence into the secondary combustion chamber, and separate means for supplying air to the air fines and secondary combustion chamber, whereby perfect combustion of the fixed carbon and of gases may be effected in the secondary combustion chamber. I

3. In a heat generating furnace, the combination with a combined coking and combustion chamber having a wider longitudinal lower part and a narrower longitudinal upper part, said parts having at their junction, on each side, an offset, thereby providing longitudinal gas channels along the body of fuel, and said upper part having a gas outlet in its roof, of a secondary combustion chamber, a transverse division wall having a port from said lower part for passage of gases into the secondary combustion chamber, pipe and fine connections from said gas outlet in the roof to the longitudinal channels, and having means for drawing hot gases and vapors from the fresh fuel and discharging them? into said channels for producing complete combustion of the fuel and gaseous products.

4. In a heat generating furnace, the combination with a combined coking and combustion chamber having a wider. longitudinal lower, part and a narrower longitudinal upper part, the latter part having an upper gas outlet, of a secondary combustion chamher, a transverse division wall separating the chambers and having an outlet for gas-' the division wall, an exhausting and forcing device communicating with the upper gas outlet of the coking part and with said gas fiues, and means for forcing air into said air fiues. V

In testimony whereof we aiiix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

WALTER THOMAS. ALBERT EDWARD MAINWARING.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM E. RUMMING, ARTHUR W. BRADFIELD.

I gas "lines opening adjacent to saidnozzles in

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