US764149A - Combined generator and combustion-chamber. - Google Patents

Description

No. 764,149. PATENTED JULY 5, 1904.

H. RAGOT. COMBINED GENERATOR AND COMBUSTION CHAMBER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 15, 1903.

N0 MODEL.

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UNITED STATES Patented July 5, 1904. I

PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY RAGOT, OF BRUNSWICK, MAINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 764,149, dated July 5, 1904. Application filed January 15,1903. Serial No. 139,110. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY RAGo'r, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brunswick, in the county of Cumberland and State of Maine, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Combined Generator and Combustion-Chamber; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in a combined generator and combiistion chamber which can be applied to kilns or furnaces of any sort, and especially to those which require great heat and a perfect combustion. In devices of this sort as previousl; constructed it has been usual to conduct the gas after being generated into a combustion or ignition chamber where the same is ignited and thence through the material to be burned or heated. It is the intention of this device to simplify the construction of such devices by doing away with the construction of an additional chamber, thus saving in the cost of building.

In the drawings herewith accompanying and forming a part of this application, Figure 1 is a vertical section of my improved generator, andFig. 2 is a transverse section through the furnace on a line in front of the vertical air-pipe and looking toward the rear of the furnace.

Same letters refer to like parts in all the figures.

In said drawings, A represents the base of a kiln constructed in the usual manner, and B the chimney.

C is the hopper for receiving the burned or finished material, the upper edges of which extend beyond the inner sides of the stack, as seen at D, the inner walls D of the stack above the hopper projecting over the top of said hopper. In this way any of the material in the stack is prevented from falling into the generator and combustion-chamber, clogging and thereby diminishing the efficiency thereof.

E is the grate, which is constructed in the usual manner.

F is the combined generator and combustion-chamber.

G is the arch over the fireboX,-provided with fines H.

I is the roof, constructed over the arch in such manner as to leave an air-space S between its lower side and the upper side of the arch, the purpose of which will be hereinafter more fully set forth. Said air-space is also provided with a door S. i

J is the opening through which fuel may be placed in the grate. This opening may be closed by a door J or other suitable means.

K is the opening in front of and below the grate E. Through this opening air is admitted for supplying draft to the fire. used as an ash-pit through which the grate may be cleaned and the ashes removed without dumping the fire. This opening can be closed by a door K or other suitable means, which door also serves the purpose of regulating the amount of air to be admitted below the-grate. At one side of the kiln and on the outside wall thereof is a pipe L, one portion,

T. of which is in constant communication with the outer air. One end of said pipe enters the space between the arch and the roof, as seen at M. The other end of the pipe enters the space beneath the fire-box, as seen at N. Situated in said pipe at convenient places are valves C and P for the purpose of regulating the amount of air going through said pipe either into the space over the arch or beneath the fireplace. Said valves are so'situated that air may be admitted through the pipes to both of said places at the same time or to either one of them, as occasion requires. The rear wall of the fireplace is provided with steps Q, the purpose of these being to facilitate the cleaning of the grate without dumping the fire, and at the same time they prevent particles of fuel from adhering to the back part of the fireplace, thereby doing away with frequent cleaning of the walls of the fire-box and also preserving the wall of the kiln from deterioration, for the natural tendency of the draft is upward, and as the'rear walls by this arrangement recede the full effect of the heat is not brought directly against the walls, thereby causing the gas-producing material to clinker and adhere to them, but allows the material to be consumed slowly and entirely, leaving It is also a fine ash resting upon the steps which can be easily removed when the fire-box is cleaned.

The operation of my device is as follows: The fire is built in the grate-box, the box being charged through the opening J, the door K being left open until a strong fire is going and sufl icient heat is developed to heat the arch G. After this result is obtained coal or other gas-producing material is placed upon the fire-box, the lower door K closed, as is also the door J. Gas begins at once to be generated from the coal or other gas-producing material, the natural tendency of which is to pass up into the. combustion-chamber and thence against the heated lower surface of the arch G. By coming in contact with this heated surface the gases are ignited and from thence travel through the chamber through the openingR into the chimney; but a portion of the gas generated, and thus ignited, would be consumed, and consequently the heating power thereof would be material y lessened unless an additional supply of air was admitted to the combustion-chamber. In order to obviate this difiiculty, to have the combustion as perfect as possible, and do away with smoke, &c., is the purpose of the air-space, and the required air therefor is carried through the pipe L, the amount of air to be admitted into the chamber S and from thence carried downward through the air-flues H into the combustion-chamber, so as to make the combustion perfect, being regulated by the opening or shutting of the valve 0. Under some circumstances it is necessary to have a current of air admitted below the grate at the same time that air is being admitted to the air-chamber. This is regulated by the valve P. These valves operate so as to allow of air being admitted to both places at once, to either one respectively, or to neither, as circumstances require. The draft caused by the air rushing through the grate and out through the stack causes the heated air in the air-space over the arch to be drawn down into the combustion-chamber, for the only direc tion from which the required air can come is downwardly through the air-fines in the arch, and as this heated air readily mingles with the gases generated it assists materially in the combustion of the same by adding thereto the required additional supply of oxygen. Should the draft through the stack be too strong, unconsumed particles of fuel being drawn up the chimney, the supply of air from below the grate is diminished or cut off entirely, air then being only admitted intothe chamber S above the arch. This will allow the gas to accumulate in the generating-chamber, and as the air is drawn in through the opening in the arch the combustion is made more perfect, particles of unconsumed carbon are burned, and nothing but direct heat goes through the opening E into the stack. It will be readily seen that by the use of this device the most intense heat can be developed with a minimum amount of fuel and with a minimum loss occasioned by the unconsumed particles of carbon passing up through the chimney.

In the specification I have described but one grate, fire-box, and combustion-chamber as applied to a kiln; but it is evident that any number may be used in a single kiln without departing from the spirit of this invention.

Having thus described my invention and its use, I claim In a combined generator and combustionchamber, a grate, a fire-box having steps on its rear wall, an arch over said fire-box, said arch being provided with a plurality of flues, a roof over said arch and spaced apart therefrom, air-conduits leading to the space between said arch and roof and below the grate, means for regulating the quantity of air to be admitted to said conduits and means for admitting the air into the generator or below the grate simultaneously or at difierent times.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature, in presence of two Witnesses, this 8th day of November, 1902.

HENRY RAGOT.

In presence of J. A. TRARTIN, FRANK Assam

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