US1484330A - Boiler - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 19 1924.

C. H. HOOK ET AL BOILER 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 14 MN MN Feb. 19 1924.

C. H. HOOK ET AL BOILER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Filed May 14 WITNESSES, Mal/44g MATTORNEYS Patented Feb. 19, 1924.

UNETED CHARLES H0 37 ARI) HOOK AND ARNOLD 1V. MILLER, 0F FITTSBUIRGH, PENNSYLVANIA;

FAID MILLER; ASSIGNOR TO SAID ZEIQOK.

BOILER.

Application filed. may 14.,

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, initiates H. HOOK and ARNOLD W. MILLER, citizens of the United States, and residents of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a. new and useful Improvement in Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to boilers. More particularly it relates to boilers such as are used in low pressure systems as for heat ing purposes and the like.

The object of the invention is to provide novel means for supplying air in an updraft boiler. This object is attained by a construction which produces an upward circulation of air through the tire box, and which introduces supplementary air to the burning gases of combustion as they pass from' the fire box into the combustion chamber over the top of a double fire wall. The ob jects and advantages which will be apparent to those familiar with the art are attained by the construction described in the following specification.

Referring to the drawings Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic central vertical section through a sectional cast iron boiler embodying this construction; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of one of the special sections used with the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 1. This figure is also in effect a cross section through the boiler on the line IIII of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line IIIIII of Fig. 2. Fig. l is a vertical sectional view through the section 1 of the boiler in a plane corresponding to the line TIT-III of Fig. 2.

To produce a smokeless boiler it is necessary to secure in the boiler a complete cornbustion of the carbon gases given off by the heated fuel. This desirable result is attained in more or less degree by a variety of constructions. The most satisfactory one is what is known as the down-draft boiler wherein the combustion is supported by a draft of air which passes downward through the burning fuel. This causes the carbon gases to be carried through the bed of burn ing coals beneath the fresh fuel, and effectively burns them. The objection to such boilers however is that they are more expensive to manufacture andv require more skillful and careful stoking.

As a substitute for this downdraft boiler 1921. Serial no. 469.717 3 a Variety of constructions have been provided, which however do not draw the air downward through the burning mass; In such boilers to secure a combustion of the gases suflicient to reduce the smoke. to the degree required by modern conditions, the gases of combustion after they pass out of the fire box are conducted into a supplementary combustion chamber, into which is introduced an additional supply of heated air. The result is to consume in this combustion chamber a large amount of the car'- bon bearing gases which form smoke.

It is to this latter class of boilers that the present invention relates, and it is designed to furnish a novel, effective, and economical construction for practicing this rip-draft, combustion chamber, additional supply of air, method.

Figure 1 of the drawings shows in section, and diagrammatically, a boiler of the ordinary low pressure type such as is used for generating steam for heating purposes, The boiler illustrated, except for the special sections hereafter described, is typical of a well known make which is now on the market, and comprises a plurality of similar sections 1, each of which is formed from a unitary casting, having itsmain body portion hollow, so that water may freely circulate thro-ugh the connected openings 2 at the bottom, and steam through the connected openings 2 at the top. The result is that when a plurality of these similar sections are placed side by side and clamped together as illustrated in Fig. 1, they are water-tight, but are connected to each other for the circulation of water and steam by means of the openings 2 and 2, which register with each other and form central longitudinal pas sages through the bottom and top of the boiler, for the circulationand transfer of water and steam, as is well understood.

A specially formed end section 3 is connected to the opening 2 on its inner side, but its outer side l in alignment with the opening 2 is closed. This section carries an external plate member 5 which closes. the flue passage 6, formed by aligned openings extending through the middle portion of each of the sections 1 and 2. Beneath this opening 6 in each section is a hollow cross member 7, through which water may freely circulate, and on each side of the opening 6 are hollow bounding walls 8 and 9, through nace, without warping or distorting.

entirely across the inte which are additional. 10, I l 13. Beneath the member have that member conn r side wall portions by means 0'; $;T-sl l necting pipes 15. This construclimi l the pur ose offurnlshan additional heat- *w 1 ing surrace, and the specially shaped pi are for the purpose of and contraction of t when exposed to the intense heat oi the I1 feature is covert. Patent llo. 91... granted to C. H. L h on July 12th, i910.

[it the bottoms of the sections 1, there are provided ordinary grate bars :30 e ztending across between the side walls of the units. Beneath these grate bars tl re is formed an ash pit 2i, as will be rezv unoerstood. The end section 8 has a lire door 22, through which fuel is thrown into the fire box 23, formed by the centfal chamber bounded by the grates 20, the side walls and of the units corresponding to the side walls i l and 2% of the special unit illustrated in Fig. 2, and the upper cross walls '7. A slice door 25, and a d...ft or ash door 26 are also provided.

The inner end of the tire box is formed by a special section 1. The upper portion of this section is the san'ie as that of the units 1, but below the cross wall. 7* there is provided a hollow partitioning portion 30, integral with and extending downward from the middle portion of the member 7". This hollow partition extends downward, forming a narrow portion 30, for a short distance, and thou extends entirely across from the wall. i l to the wall 24 of the unit. This forms two openings 31 and 32 over the top of the main body of the cross partition. This cross wall is hollow, so as to be water-cooled throughout. The bridge wall 33 is of less thickness than the main body of the unit 1, and has one face disposed a short cistance from the plane corresponding to the left hand side of the unit, as viewed in Fig. 3, leaving a shoulder 34 for a purpose to be subsequently more fully described. A cooperating section l is pro vided, and this is similar in all respects to the section 1 above described, except that the partitioning member 33 is set over to the opposite side of the boiler section. Consequently, when the sections 1 and 1 are placed in proper position, as illustrated in Fig. 1, with the shoulders 84 and 34 in abutment, there is left a space 35, extending lor of the boiler, which space is open at the bottom into the ash pit 21, and open across its top into the passages 31 and 32, which lead throughv the bridge wall formed by partition members 33 and 33*, between the fire box: and the combustion chamber 36.

Beyond the section 1 is provided an ad- J v. s ower inc giates 20. A

ditional section 1, which has no grate bar, and which he a ssecial cross member 7 permitting upward passage of gas to the p ages i0 to through passage '2'. yond tl is is provided a terminal section 1*, which has a solid end wall, with a single opening thcrethrough, adapted to receive the terminal member 37 of a stack or chimney. The space 38 beyond the section l and beneath the level of the grate 20 is filled with ashes, so that effect y the bottom of the chamber 5% is level with the grates 20.

Z .0. operation of this boiler construction is as follows. Fuel is furnished through the door to the box 23, and is ignited constant draft oi air through the steel; member 37, draws air upward from the ash pit 21 through the grates 20, through the burning fuel. The burning gases pass upward and out of the fire b0 23 over the top of the bridge wall 33 into the combustion chamber 36. They then pass out of the combustion chamber 36, are conducted back through the passages 10, 11, 12, and 13, thence into the central heat the hollow boiler construction forming the walls of the passages through which the hot gases travel. As the burning gases pass from the lire box 23 over the top of the bridge wall members 33 and 33 by means of the passages 31 and 32, a constant supply of additional air which is taken from the ash pit, and is therefore pro-heated, is supplied to and mixed with the gases of combustion just before they enter the combustion chamber 36. The result of this is to supply the necessary additional oxygen to the gases after they leave the fire box, to complete the burning thereof in the combustion chamber. By the time the gases of combustion reach the stack 37, the carbon contained therein has been largely consumed, and the gases emer e in a substan tially smokeless condition. In addition, this construction increases the heating efficiency of the lip-draft boilers, and permits the use of a shorter fire box.

We claim: k

1. In a boiler construction comprising a plurality of associated sections forming a fire box having a closed top and a combustion chamber into which the gases from the fire box must pass, the combination of.

two similar adjacent sections forming a partition across the end of the fire box and dividing it from the combustion chamber, the partition extending upwardly from the bottom of the tire box and provided with portions stopping short of the top of said fire box, and an opening through the said partition from beneath the fire box into the combustion chamber, whereby to supply heated air from beneath the fire box to the burning gases as they pass from the fire box to the combustion chamber.

2. In a boiler construction comprising a plurality of associated sections forming a fire box having a closed top and a combustion chamber, the combination of two similar adjacent sections having partitioning members extending across the fire box and upwardly from the bottom and provided with portions stopping short of the top thereof, said partitions of the two adjacent sections being spaced apart to form a transverse passage leading from beneath the fire box to the top of the said portions of the partitions, said partitions being provided with openings establishing communication betwecn the said fire box and combustion chamber.

3. In a sectional boiler construction comprising a fire box having a closed top and a combustion chamber, two similar adjacent sections forming a bridge Wall dividing the fire box from the combustion chamber and comprising two cooperating partitions extending across the boiler from the level of the grate bars and provided With portions stopping short of the top of said fire box, said partitions being spaced apart to provide a transverse passage therebetween, said passage opening beneath the fire box and along the top of the said bridge wall.

In testimony whereof we hereunto sign our names.

CHARLES HOWARD HOOK. ARNOLD WV. MILLER. Witnesses:

W. R. MCCARTHY, H. E. GAMBRILL.

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