US12371794B2 - Coated tool and cutting tool - Google Patents

Coated tool and cutting tool

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Publication number
US12371794B2
US12371794B2 US17/907,269 US202117907269A US12371794B2 US 12371794 B2 US12371794 B2 US 12371794B2 US 202117907269 A US202117907269 A US 202117907269A US 12371794 B2 US12371794 B2 US 12371794B2
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hardness
layer
metal
metal nitride
coating film
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US20230109727A1 (en
Inventor
Satoshi Mori
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Kyocera Corp
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Kyocera Corp
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Assigned to KYOCERA CORPORATION reassignment KYOCERA CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MORI, SATOSHI
Publication of US20230109727A1 publication Critical patent/US20230109727A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/40—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition
    • C23C28/42—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition characterized by the composition of the alternating layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/40—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition
    • C23C28/44—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition characterized by a measurable physical property of the alternating layer or system, e.g. thickness, density, hardness
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
    • B23B2228/10—Coatings
    • B23B2228/105—Coatings with specified thickness

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a coated tool and a cutting tool.
  • Patent Document 1 JP 5160231
  • the tip body 2 is formed of, for example, cemented carbide.
  • the cemented carbide contains tungsten (W), specifically, tungsten carbide (WC). Further, the cemented carbide may contain nickel (Ni) or cobalt (Co).
  • the tip body 2 may be formed of a cermet.
  • the cermet contains, for example, titanium (Ti), specifically, titanium carbide (TiC) or titanium nitride (TiN). Furthermore, the cermet may contain Ni or Co.
  • the cutting edge portion 3 has a first surface 6 (here, an upper surface) and a second surface 7 (here, a side surface) that is connected to the first surface 6 .
  • the first surface 6 functions as a “rake face” for scooping chips generated by cutting
  • the second surface 7 functions as a “flank face”.
  • a cutting edge 8 is located on at least a part of a ridge line where the first surface 6 and the second surface 7 intersect with each other, and the coated tool 1 cuts a work material through application of the cutting edge 8 against the work material.
  • a substrate 30 made from, for example, cemented carbide or cermet may be located on the lower surface of the base body 10 .
  • the base body 10 is bonded to the seat 4 of the tip body 2 via the substrate 30 and a bonding material 40 .
  • the bonding material 40 is, for example, a brazing material.
  • the base body 10 may be bonded to the tip body 2 via the bonding material 40 .
  • the base body 10 is coated with the coating film 20 for the purpose of, for example, improving wear resistance, heat resistance, etc. of the cutting edge portion 3 .
  • the coating film 20 entirely covers the tip body 2 and the cutting edge portion 3 .
  • the coating film 20 may be located at least on the base body 10 .
  • the wear resistance and heat resistance of the first surface 6 are high.
  • the wear resistance and heat resistance of the second surface 7 are high.
  • the coating film 20 has a hard layer 21 .
  • the hard layer 21 is a layer having excellent wear resistance compared with a metal layer 22 described below.
  • the hard layer 21 has one or more metal nitride layers.
  • the hard layer 21 may be one layer. Additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 3 , a plurality of metal nitride layers may be overlapped. Additionally, the hard layer 21 may include a laminate portion 23 in which a plurality of metal nitride layers are layered, and a third metal nitride layer 24 located above the laminate portion 23 . The configuration of the hard layer 21 will be described later.
  • the metal layer 22 has a higher adhesion to the base body 10 than to the hard layer 21 .
  • metal elements having such characteristics include Zr, V, Cr, W, Al, Si, and Y.
  • the metal layer 22 contains at least one metal element among the above-described metal elements.
  • the Al content in the metal layer 22 may be greater than the content of Cr in the metal layer 22 .
  • the composition ratio (atomic %) of Al and Cr in the metal layer 22 may be 70:30. With such a composition ratio, the adhesion between the base body 10 and the metal layer 22 is higher.
  • the metal layer 22 may contain components other than the metal elements (Zr, V, Cr, W, Al, Si, Y). However, from the perspective of adhesion to the base body 10 , the metal layer 22 may contain at least 95 atomic % or more of the metal elements in a combined amount. More preferably, the metal layer 22 may contain 98 atomic % or more of the metal elements in a combined amount. For example, in a case where the metal layer 22 is an Al—Cr alloy layer, the metal layer 22 may contain at least 95 atomic % or more of Al and Cr in a combined amount. Furthermore, the metal layer 22 may contain at least 98 atomic % or more of Al and Cr in a combined amount. Note that the proportion of the metal components in the metal layer 22 can be identified by, for example, analysis using an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS).
  • EDS energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer
  • the metal layer 22 does not contain Ti as much as possible from the viewpoint of improving adhesion with the base body 10 .
  • the Ti content in the metal layer 22 may be 15 atomic % or less.
  • the coated tool 1 by providing the metal layer 22 having higher wettability with the base body 10 than the hard layer 21 between the base body 10 and the hard layer 21 , it is possible to improve the adhesion between the base body 10 and the coating film 20 . Since the metal layer 22 has high adhesion to the hard layer 21 , the hard layer 21 is less likely to peel off from the metal layer 22 .
  • the cBN used as the base body 10 is an insulator, and there is room for improvement in adhesion with a film formed by a physical vapor deposition method (PVD).
  • PVD physical vapor deposition method
  • the metal layer 22 having electrical conductivity is provided on the surface of the base body 10 , and thus the adhesion between the hard layer 21 formed by PVD and the metal layer 22 is high.
  • the hard layer 21 has the laminate portion 23 located on the metal layer 22 and the third metal nitride layer 24 located on the laminate portion 23 .
  • the holder 70 has a pocket 73 at an end portion on the first end side.
  • the pocket 73 is a portion in which the coated tool 1 is mounted, and has a seating surface intersecting with the rotation direction of the work material and a binding side surface inclined with respect to the seating surface.
  • a screw hole into which a screw 75 described later is screwed is provided on the seating surface.
  • the coated tool 1 is located in the pocket 73 of the holder 70 , and is mounted on the holder 70 by the screw 75 . That is, the screw 75 is inserted into the through hole 5 of the coated tool 1 , and the tip end of the screw 75 is inserted into the screw hole formed in the seating surface of the pocket 73 , and the screw portions are screwed together. Thus, the coated tool 1 is mounted on the holder 70 such that the cutting edge 8 (see FIG. 1 ) protrudes outward from the holder 70 .
  • the inventors of the present application performed an indentation hardness test on a sample in which a coating film was formed on a base body containing boron nitride particles.
  • the base body is made of a plurality of cubic boron nitride particles and a binder phase containing TiN.
  • the base body contains about 25% by volume of the binder phase.
  • FIG. 6 is a table showing a configuration of each sample.
  • the metal layer in cBN with a metal layer contains Al and Cr.
  • the specific composition of such a metal layer is Al 70 Cr 30 . That is, the metal layer contains 70 atomic % of Al and 30 atomic % of Cr.
  • the thickness of the metal layer is 0.2 ⁇ m.
  • the hard layer of cBN with a metal layer and cBN without a metal layer includes the first metal nitride layer, the second metal nitride layer, and the third metal nitride layer.
  • the first metal nitride layer and the second metal nitride layer are alternately layered.
  • the third metal nitride layer is located on the first metal nitride layer and the second metal nitride layer which are alternately layered.
  • the ratio of only the metal components of the first metal nitride layer described as TiAlNbWSiN in FIG. 6 is 42 atomic % of Ti, 48 atomic % of Al, 3 atomic % of Nb, 4 atomic % of W, and 3 atomic % of Si.
  • the first metal nitride layer contains about 100 atomic % of N with respect to 100 atomic % of the metal component.
  • the thickness of one first metal nitride layer is 50 nm.
  • the total thickness of the plurality of first metal nitride layers and the plurality of second metal nitride layers is 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • the composition of the third metal nitride layer is the same as the composition of the first metal nitride layer.
  • the thickness of the third metal nitride layer is 2 ⁇ m.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 The results of the indentation hardness test on such a sample are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 .
  • FIG. 7 is a table showing results of an indentation hardness test on cBN without a metal layer and cBN with a metal layer
  • FIG. 8 is a graph showing the results of the test.
  • the hardness of the coating film refers to the hardness obtained by pressing an indenter from the surface of the coating film to a depth of 20% of the coating film while changing the indentation load of the indenter. In the indentation hardness test, with deeper indentation depth, it is possible to measure the hardness of a deeper region from the surface of the coating film.
  • the measurement results of cBN with a metal layer are indicated by white circles, and the measurement results of cBN without a metal layer are indicated by black triangles.
  • cBN with a metal layer has a higher hardness on the whole than cBN without a metal layer. This increase in hardness is marked in a region from the indentation depth of 300 nm or less. The hardness in the indentation depth of 300 nm or less indicates the hardness of the hard layer. From this, it can be seen that cBN with a metal layer has a higher hardness in the hard layer than cBN without a metal layer.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing changes in the residual stress of a coating film when a film thickness of a metal layer is changed.
  • the coating film with a metal layer has a higher residual stress than the coating film with a metal layer.
  • the higher the residual stress the higher the hardness of the coating film. Therefore, it can be seen that the hardness of the coating film increases by forming the metal layer.
  • cBN with a metal layer has a hardness valley in the vicinity of the indentation depth of 300 nm. This is a feature not found in cBN without a metal layer. As described above, the hardness in the vicinity of the indentation depth of 300 nm indicates the hardness of the metal layer. It is thought that such a hardness valley was formed because the metal layer is softer than the hard layer.
  • the coated tool having a maximum hardness difference of 4 GPa or more has a high-hardness portion and a low-hardness portion, and the difference therebetween is 4 GPa or more.
  • a description will be given of a case where a low-hardness portion is located farther from the base body than a high-hardness portion in such a configuration. For example, in a case where a large impact is repeatedly applied to the coated tool as in intermittent machining, since the low-hardness portion is located at a position closer to the surface of the coated tool than the high-hardness portion, the impact is easily absorbed at the portion and a fracture is less likely to occur.
  • the “maximum hardness” is the maximum value of the hardness in the measurement range (range from the surface of the coating film to 20% of the depth of the coating film), and the “minimum hardness” is the minimum value of the hardness in the measurement range.
  • the “maximum hardness load” is the indentation load of the indenter at the maximum hardness
  • the “maximum hardness depth” is the indentation depth of the indenter at the maximum hardness.
  • the “minimum hardness load” is the indentation load of the indenter at the minimum hardness
  • the “minimum hardness depth” is the indentation depth of the indenter at the minimum hardness.
  • the difference between the average hardness and the minimum hardness is 2.0 GPa or more.
  • the coating film has a relatively high hardness on the whole, which provides excellent wear resistance.
  • the maximum hardness is 25 GPa or more. When having such a high hardness, wear resistance is excellent.
  • the peel test was performed on a hardened SCM415 work piece using a tool-shaped sample of CNGA120408S01225 under the processing conditions of cutting rate: 150 m/min, feed rate: 0.1 mm/rotation, and depth of cut: 0.2 mm, and the time until the hard layer peeled off was evaluated.
  • FIG. 10 is a table showing a result of a scratch test and a peel test on cBN without a metal layer and cBN with a metal layer.
  • the peel load was larger than that of cBN without a metal layer, and the peel time was significantly longer.
  • “80>” indicates that the peel load is less than 80 N but close to 80 N (at least 75 N or more).
  • the peel time is less than 40 minutes but close to 40 minutes (at least 35 minutes or more).
  • the coated tool 1 in which the base body 10 made of boron nitride particles, etc. is attached to the tip body 2 made of cemented carbide, etc. and these are coated with the coating film 20 has been described.
  • the coated tool according to the present disclosure may be, for example, a coated tool in which all of the base body having a hexahedral shape in which the shapes of the upper surface and the lower surface are parallelograms is a cubic boron nitride sintered compact, and a coating film is formed on the base body.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
US17/907,269 2020-03-27 2021-03-25 Coated tool and cutting tool Active 2042-06-20 US12371794B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2020058285 2020-03-27
JP2020-058285 2020-03-27
PCT/JP2021/012687 WO2021193859A1 (ja) 2020-03-27 2021-03-25 被覆工具および切削工具

Publications (2)

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US20230109727A1 US20230109727A1 (en) 2023-04-13
US12371794B2 true US12371794B2 (en) 2025-07-29

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US (1) US12371794B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JP7422862B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CN (1) CN115335164B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE112021001912T5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO2021193859A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7422863B2 (ja) 2020-03-27 2024-01-26 京セラ株式会社 被覆工具および切削工具

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US5296016A (en) 1990-12-25 1994-03-22 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Surface coated cermet blade member
US5783295A (en) 1992-11-09 1998-07-21 Northwestern University Polycrystalline supperlattice coated substrate and method/apparatus for making same
US6821624B2 (en) 2000-02-25 2004-11-23 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Amorphous carbon covered member
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US20230173587A1 (en) 2020-03-27 2023-06-08 Kyocera Corporation Coated tool and cutting tool

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US5783295A (en) 1992-11-09 1998-07-21 Northwestern University Polycrystalline supperlattice coated substrate and method/apparatus for making same
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US20100247885A1 (en) 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho(Kobe Steel, Ltd.) Laminated film and laminated film-coated member
US20160082518A1 (en) 2013-05-28 2016-03-24 Kyocera Corporation Cutting insert and cutting tool, and method for producing cut workpieces using cutting tool
WO2019189775A1 (ja) 2018-03-29 2019-10-03 京セラ株式会社 超硬合金、被覆工具及び切削工具
US20230173587A1 (en) 2020-03-27 2023-06-08 Kyocera Corporation Coated tool and cutting tool

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Also Published As

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CN115335164A (zh) 2022-11-11
CN115335164B (zh) 2025-05-13
WO2021193859A1 (ja) 2021-09-30
US20230109727A1 (en) 2023-04-13
DE112021001912T5 (de) 2023-01-12
JP7422862B2 (ja) 2024-01-26
JPWO2021193859A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 2021-09-30

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