US1218325A - Incinerating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

0. M. SHANNON.

- INCINERATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION r'ILED .IAN. 17, I912- 1,218,325. PagtentedMar. 6,1917; j

3 SHEETS-SHEET I 1X Lineage; 3 Q 5 mac n to'z M cm 0. M. SHANNON. I'NQINERATING APPARATUS. iAPP LLCATIONJI LED JAN. 17. 1912'.

1,21 8,325. Patented Mar. 6, 1917.

' s SHEETS-SHEET 2.

0. M. SHANNON.

iNCINERATING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 17. 1912.

Patented Mar. 6, 1917. N j 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 5mm wi'qz srarns FATE OSCAR M. SHANNON, OF NEW YORK. N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO E. C. STEARNS &, COMPANY, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

INCINERATING APPARATUS;

In my Patents Nos. 964,568 and 981,22F,

I have shown and described certain forms of furnaces of this description, and the mode of operation of the herein described structures is in certain respects analogous to those set forth inthe said patents.

For certain uses, however, and for cheapness of construction, the present apparatus is preferable. The differences in construction between my patented devices and those herein described will be hereinafter pointed out together with the objects sought, and thenovel elements and combinations of ele I ments whereby said objects may be attained,

and which enter into the present construc-' tion will be more particularly set forth in the claims appended hereto.

Referring to the drawings which form a part hereof and in which like reference characters designate like partsthrou'ghont the several views: I

Figure 1 is a front elevation, partly broken away, of a garbage crematory embodying my invention. 'I I Fig. 2 is a section of the same taken on line IIII of Fig. 1 parts being omitted for clearness.

is a similar section of a modificais a door by. means of which garbage mayibe introduced'into the receptacle provided in the casing. At the bottom of the casing below the door 4, in an ash door 5 and a re- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 6, 1917.

Application filed January 17, 1912. Serial No. 671,684.

movable plate 6 disposed thereabove affordsaccess to the burner hereinafter referred to. Across the front of the casing is a tube 7 which has been omitted from Fig. 2 together with certain other parts, for clearness of illustration, tube 7 being apertured as at 8 upon the side thereof adjacent the'front of the casing to. form vents for gas. Gasis led into this tube 7 via. a connection 9; the

flow of gas being controlled by a cock 10. The purpose of this construct-ion is to provide pilot flames for igniting the gas or other combustible delivered to the burner 11. This burner may have the form ofa notched or slotted channel, fuel being delivered thereto through a pipe or pipes 12. As this feature has already been considered at some length in my said Patent No. .98l,2'28,"it

will not be herein further discussed.

Above the burner 11 is a normally stationary grate 13 which may have a channel or gutter l-i therearound, if desired; and above this grate is a revoluble or otherwise .movfable grate 15. I prefer tocone b'oth of-these. grates in the manner shown, but do not wish to be limited to such construction; The

"grate 13 carries a domel6-, the sides of which are slotted as at 17, t'o-jform a grate surface. VVithin the outer casing l is an inner casing 18, the walls of which together with the grates and doors respectively form the incinerating chamber broadlydesignated 19, located above the grate,' and the ash pit 20, below the latter. A flue 21 extends upwardly from the top of the incinerating .cham'ber'in' the usual manner and opens into a chimney.

.In this form' of my device the rear wall of the inner casing is recessedfto form a conduit 22 which opens into the upper part of-the incine'rativ": chamber at Q3 and into thelower part of the same at124. In addition to these openings, apertnres'25 may "be pro-' videdin the wall '26 which separates conduit 22 from the incinerating chamber; openings 25be1ng preferably elongated slots arranged laterally directed member connects the operaform of an inverted U, in cross section, the

in parallelism to form a grating. A cross or ing- :28 in the top of the dome 16 with the conduit 22.

sides thereof being also slotted or grated as at 29. \Vhen the garbage, or other material to lie incinerated, is introduced into the chamber 15), it falls down onto the grate and stacks up around the member 27, butthis member serves to maintain communication open between the dome, which, of, course, is directly in connection with the space below i the grate and the conduit since the material to be incinerated cannot flow up into the space within or directly beneath the cross 39 member. The parts it, 22, and 37 form n eli'ect a flue which is designated the main Referring to Fig. 5, l have therein shown a modification of this portion of tlie device, member 27 being replaced by a perforated .or reticulated tubular member 27, which is connected to the top of the dome 16 by means of a suitable pipe fitting 30, and the other extremity of which opens directly into 2 the conduit'Qil. It may be here stated that the conduit 22, together with the member 27, or the like, and the dome, constitute a means for delivering air directly from" the under side of the grate to the top of the i'ncinerating chamber which has been designated, and it will be noted that by reason of the disposition'of the opening 23 the stream of air so flowing into the incinerating chamber must first mix thoroughly with 3 the noxious gases generated and delivered to the upper portion of the incinerating chamber, before the said air or gases pass up through the fine 21 which extends 'into the chimney.

In the structure or device illustrated in Fig. 1. of my Patent 981,228, there was provided this form of fine, but this fine did not have the sides thereof perforated, while the top thereof was directed upwardly toward 40 the chimney fine, so that thisniixing action between the incoming air and the gases of combustion did" not occur until the said gases and air had passed up into the chimney flue;

There are also certain advantages in provigling grate openings 25 in the; walls of this flue; in that they tend to favor combustion throughout the body'of the mass of matter to be'incinerated; serving to permit the smoke and carbon mo'noxid, carbon 'dioxid, etc., to escape laterally from such portions of the mass, and thereby facilitating' combustion.

'the conduit 22 opens directly into substantially the bottom of the incinerating cha'mher, which further aids this action. The flames from the burner 11 pass radially inward over the lower surface of the grate in this form of my device and up into the dome. Indeed whenthe flame is turned on full, these flames will also pass upwardly through the opening 28 and laterally through the member 27. Thus the matter within the in- It will'be noted also that i cinerating chamber is attacked from below,

5 internally and upwardly through the center ofthe mass, and laterally aswell, resulting in a very expeditious incineration of the same. If comparatively fresh an" be not permitted to enter the upper part of the chamber the gases of combustion, especially i from certain substances which may be consinned in my furnace, generate most oftensive odors and are furthermore deleterious to health. The admission of air in the manner described herefore is of very great im portance, in that thereby these gases promptly destroyed or converted into less and substantially inodorous compounds.

()f course the flames-"licking up into the interior of the dome will consume a portion of the oxygen content of the air delivered to the main flue, but the admission of air is so much larger by reason of the diameter of the dome that this loss is not detrimental,

to any material degree. in fact, certain admntages result from this construction, in that the air is preheated to quite a high temperature before being delivered intothc ineinerating chamber.

. r If desired auxiliary fines 2.2 may also be git in this instance are tubular, and disposed so as to deliver air into said chamber at a plurality of points. The operation ofthese auxiliary fines is much the same as in the case previously. discussed, tlie air delivered therethrougli being of course somewhat pre-' heated by reason of tlie'adjacency of the flames issuing from the burner 11 to the mouths 24 of said conduits; said months it will be observed, in this case, being lo cated below the grates rather than above "the same. The openings 23' are preferably, although obviously not necessarily, laterally directed as in the preceding case, so that the air is thoroughly mixed with the of combustion before the latter pass into the dome 16 from the upper extremity of which extends an additional conduit 31, whichcor respon s in many respects to the member 27 and conduit 22, previously referred to, but

which in this case is imperforate and extends upwardly and somewhat laterally toward ,flue 21. In this case I have also provided a is made smaller than such a flue as that designated 22, in Fig. 2', since it is inadvisable to introduce an excess of air into theupper portion of the incinerating chamber.

If desired, air may be admitted to the incinerating chamber, in the upper portion thereof, directly from .the outslde, and to this end plugs 33 may be tapped into extensions 34 of the auxiliary flues which project outwardly therefrom through the walls of the outer casing. 33 are withdrawn from their engagement with projections 34, air will be drawn into the 'incinerating chamber directly from" these openings.

Referring to Fig. (3, I have shown a still further form of my device wherein the main conduit 22" forming the main flue passes downwardly below -the grate as in the case of the auxiliary flues 22; while it is built into the interior casing and forms part thereof as in the form of flue shown M22 in Fig.

i 2. The wall of flue 22 may be also, of'

course, grated or perforated at 25, as-in the last mentioned form of device. In' this Herein too a further slight difference is found, in that in place of disposing the burner below the grate, as in the preceding case, it is located above the same. In this instance the burner consists of a pipe 36, perforated as at 37, to afford jets of flame, which latter impinge against the under surfaces of a shield 38., This shield may be of angle-iron, or the like, and serves to protect the burner from the refuse or garbage introduced into the incinerator, the flames from the burner g ancing downwardly and more or less throughthe a rtuires in the grate 35, as indicated by the arrows, draft being maintained, when the incinerating chamber is full, through the conduit 22" for the main flue and the auxiliary flues 22, as in the preceding cases. Ultimately, after the device has been in operation for some time the flames will have eaten their way laterally'around the bottom of the mass of refuse and from time to time this mass will shake itself down. It may be here stated that this action best occurs, I find, where thematerial to be incinerated is not sub ect to clinkering to any material degree; This form of device may be useful, however,

where the-refuse is readily combustible and 'relatively light in charactenland I regard this arrangement as clearly within the'pur view ofcmy invention. It will be observedalso that. the shield 38 is so formed that the upper sides thereof which are normally in engagement with. the refuse, slope downwardly so as to aid downward movementof the latter through the incinerating chamber.

In so far as'the positive'lateral directing of the flames is concerned, the action .of the Of course, when the plugs main .flue havin cross member (27 or 27' and the shield or screen 38, areanalogons, since while in Fig. 2 the burner'is below rather than above the grate, nevertheless the directing and deflectingmeans (l627)--project the flames laterally into the mass to be incinerated in a somewhat similar fashion tothat illustrated in Fig. 6. I regard the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, for example, however, aspreferable in most cases, I I

Having described my invention, I claim: '1. In a crematory, a casing having a combustion chamber therein adapted to receive I and hold the matter to be incinerated, said chamber having a grate in the bottom thereof, a burner adjacent said grate, a flue affording a passageway from the space beneath the grate to the chamber of the incinerator above the normal level of the mass of material in the chamber, said flue opening 'directlyinto said chamber '50 that the hot gases from the burner may eifectually mix with the gaseous products of-partial combustion before the latter emerge'into the chimney, and an auxiliary flue for supplying a stream of air to the chamber above the nor-.

mal level of the mass of material therein to insure the complete consumption of the gaseous products of partial consumption before the latter emerge into'thech'imney. '1'

2. In a cremator-y, a combustion chamber adapted to receive matter to be incinerated,

said chamber havinga grated bottom and'a flue leading to the chimney, a main flue com municating with said chamber ancl'with the space beneath the grated bottom, an auxiliary flue delivering air into the said chamber at a point above the matter to be-incinerated so that air dehvered through sa1d flue may mix with the gaseous products of partial combustion before the latter emerge from said chamber, a burner, shielding means opening downwardly. for directing flames from said burner laterally with respect to the mass of material to be incinerated, saidshielding means adapted to engage and support a portion of said matter while permitting flames passing therebe neath to impinge upon said matter, said rents in the sides thereof opening into sai chamber." H

3. In a crematory, a combu'fti-on chamber ada ,ted to receive matter to be incinerated, sai a flue leading to the-chimney, a main flue communicating with said chamber and. with the space-beneath the grated bottom, an extended auxiliary flue adjacent a sidewall of said chamber-' and delivering air into' said, chamber at a point above the matter to be incinerated so that air delivered through saidflue may mix with the products If partial combustion before the latter emerge chamber having a grated bottom and from said chamber, a burner, -& siding, means openingdownwardly for .dreecting einerate'd, said chamber having l0 flames from said burner laterally withrespect to the mass of material to be incineratedi said shielding means adapted to engage and support a portion of said matter While permitting fiarnes' passing therebeneath to impinge upon said matter.

43in a, crematory, a combustion chamber adapted; to receive and hold matter to. be ina grated bottoin a fiue extending into is e chimney, a

- bIlIIIBI, adjacent said grated bottom, a main flue having its upper portion directed laterally into the chamber and having an open- 'ing' adjacenfthe burner, a portion-of the Walls of themain flue being perforated at least one auxiliary flue adjacent the side adapted to receive and hold matter to be incinerated, said chamber having a grated bottom, a flue extending into the el'xilmiey, a burner adjacentsaid grated bottom, a main fine in connnunication withthe chamber and having an opening adjacent the burner, 21

portion of the walls of the main fine being perforated, at least one auxiliary flue adjacent the side-wall of said chamber adapted to deliver air into the chamber above the normal level of the material to be inciner- I at'ed, said fines,directing-the air laterally. .into said chamber so' that it may effectively .mix with the gaseous products eombnstion in said chamber before the latter emerge from the chamber; said auxiliaryflue haw mg means for drmying air from the exjterior of the crematoryp I witness whereof, I subscribe my s gnatin-e in the presence of two Witnesses.

. OSCAR M. SHANNON.

Witnesses:

" WALDO M. CHAPIN,

CHAS: P. HIDDEN.

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