US1208123A - Furnace appliance. - Google Patents

Description

i. Wn FGUZ.

FUHNMSE PELIANGF..

www@ Am. 19m

APPLICATiON FILED IUNEZI i915.

Mmmm Das.

IRA W. FOLTZ, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE EUREKA SMOKELESS FURNCE COMPANY, 'OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

FURNACE APPLIANCE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

rammen nee. is, iaic.

Application filed June 21, 1915, Serial No. 35,333. Renewed April 6, 1916. Serial 110.8%),484..

To (all whom i 15 may conce/m Be it known that I, IRA W. F oLTz, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Chicago, county of (look, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnace Appliances, of which the following is a specilication.

This invention relates to gas burning devices which may be applied to many furnacesof standard construction, but which are ordinarily of low efficiency in regard to the combustion of gases given ofi' by burning or coking coal, resulting in the production of smoke and soot.

The main objects of the invention are to provide an appliance of this nature arranged to divide such furnaces into gasproducing and gas-consuming regions and constructed tosupply air to the gas-consuming regi-on in proper or variable quantities with respect to the air supplied te t.the gasproducing region to insure a high degree of combustion, regardless of the condition of the fire-bed and quantity ofc coking coal therein; to provide an improved construction for supplying air to furnaces; to provide gas burners which may be applied to coal furnaces; to provide an improved means for regulating the draft or air supply to such burners; and to provide a construction for furnaces permitting the desired intercommunication between various parts of the fuel body and the air supply and the gas burning region.

An illustrative embodiment of this invention .is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a transverse vertical section of a furnace constructed according to this invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the fire-box. Fig. 3 is a detail in side elevation of the air supply and gas burning device. Fig. l is a detail in section taken on the line B-B of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the air supply and gas burning device. Fig. 6 is a section taken on the line A-l1 of Fig. 5.

Furnaces of the general type shown in" the drawing, but without the present irnprovementsj, are usually constructed to permit a direct draft to pass 'from the ash-pit upward through the grate and coal body and from there to pass freely through` the co1nbustion chamber to the chimney. 'Ehus, the

gases given ofl" by the burning and coking coal are carried directly through the furnace in greatly unconsumed condition, their heating value being mainly lost. The present construction serves to retard the flow of gases above the lire in order that the same may be highly heated and brought to the ignition point in temperature. Large quan- .tities of heated air are supplied to the burning coal at the sides and top thereof and the saine becomes mined with the gases. The pressure of the gases and the action of the draft then cause the unconsumed gases to pass to the combustion Dchamber or zone of great heat, to which an additional supply of hot air is deliverd, thus insuring very complete combustion of the gases.

A well known type of furnace is shown, colnprising a boiler 1 surrounding the firebox 2 and inclosed by the usual brick-work 3. The construction of the grate et and arrangement of fines 5 in the combustion chamber are shown as the same usually occur in this type of furnace. Figs. 3 to 5 comprises a plurality of air conduits G, 7, S and 9 suitably constructed to permit the free passage of air lengthwise therethrough and to receive air from the ash-pit 10 at the sides and ends of the grate 4. The conduits 6 and 7 which extend along the sides of the grate are narrow at their bases so that they may be supported by the grate rest 12 between the grate and the side rlhe new construction inv walls of the furnace without interfering sie enters the conduits 6, 7, 8 and 9 at the bottom, first traveling upward through the space between the gratos and the Walls of the fire-box and through'the apertures in the grate rest.

`urrounding the tubes 18 are/ perforated tubes 19 having bell mouths 20 at their lower ends for encircling collars 17 which provide a support for the tubes. The inner surfaces of the bell mouths on tubes 20 h ave grooves 21 for receiving pins 22 on the collars, thus reqln'ring thlgt the tubes 19 be turned While lio being lifted from the collars 17 for the pur ypose of normally preventing accidental dislocated in convenient position near the ash-I placement of the tubes. The tubes 18 may be moved relatively of the tubes 19 for the purpose of bringing the respective apertures in the tubes into or out of alinement to regulate the extent of through communication between the ash-pit and the irefbox 2. Movement of the tubes 18 -is accomplished by means of inclined cams 23 carried by rods 24 slidably mounted in webs 13.

"llliel operating handles 25 of rods 24 are pit door of the furnace, as shown in Fig. 2.v The rear ends of the conduits 6 and 7 v support perforated tubes 26 which are similar in construction tothe tubes 19, but are not shown as provided with any regulators,

flower edge and rear of the baffle wall. The

conduits 30 communicate with a transverse conduit 30.1 extending through the lower part of the bafewall or arch. Outlets for the conduit 30.1 to the combustion chamber are provided at the rear of the arch and as near the center thereof as practicable. The conduit 30.1 receives air at its ends from the hollowv members 28, thereby insuring thorough combustion of the gases which are carried from the furnace chamber downward throughthe arch, and also backward and upward through the fuel body between the lower edge of the arch and the grate. The conduit 9 carries a plurality of perforated -upstanding tubes 31 similar to tubes 26, but preferably longer. The tubes 31 provide for supplying additional air at a point farther I along the line of combustion than the'location of tubes 26. The conduit 8 is shown as perforated on its upper surface' to allow the passage of air to the fuel body at the front of the grate.

In the operation of the device, if there is suiiicient coal on the grate to substantially close the space between the. lower edge of baffle 29 and the grate, large quantitiesI of combustible gases from the coal will pass mainly into the conduits 6 and l through the tubes 19 and are delivered to the combustion chamber through the tubes 26 and 31. A more direct line of draft is pro- 'l vided from the ash-pit to the combustion chamberthrough the tubes 26 and 31. Thus, a considerable quantity of fresh air is delivered to the combustion chamber independently of the air which passes through the fuel body. The fresh air which is delivered to the combustion chamber becomes heated in passing in under the grate and through the conduits and pipes, and when mingled with the gases also carried through -the conduits 6 and 7, insures fairly complete combustion when the mixture reaches the zone of greatest heat at the rear of baille 29. The combustion is further facilitated -by the more or less pure air which finds its way to the combustion chamber directly from the ash-pit through the tubes 31.

The above described operation is greatly modified under different conditions of the coal body. For instance, if the frin door is open and the space'between the ba c and the upper surface of the grate is choked by coal and ashes, air which works through the coal body passes into the tubes 19, together with more or le'ss of the gas, while the conduits 30 in the baifle-29 also carry fresh air downwardly to a point of combustion at the lower edge and rear of the bafiie, said air becoming mixed with the air and gases which are delivered through the tubes 26 and 31.

According to the'respective area of the openings at the firing door or the ash-pit door and the extent of choking of the grate, the air may flow either upwardly out of the tubes 19 or downwardly through the tubes, ultimately finding its way into the combustion chamber. The gases may at times be traveling downward through the tubes 19, while air is traveling upward through some of the remaining tubes, depending upon the condition of the 'coal body and the pressure of the air and gases at different points. If there is a great quantity of coal and ashes on the grate, the normal upward draft through the grate is decreased and the fresh air is supplied mainly through the tubes 19 located at the sides of the coal body. If, under such conditions, it is desired to check the fire, the rods 24- may be pulled out wardly, thus raising the tubes 18 into position, to close communication between said tubes and the tubes 19. It is well known 1 that the sudden checking of the draft tothe entire furnace containing a large body of coal and lire results in the creation of smoke i and soot, since the heat of the fire continues to distil the draft is cut o and wherelthere is not sulficient air to consume the-gases, large quantities of smoke and soot result. In the present construction, while the air supply to the coal body may be more or less stopped, the air supply to the gas burning region or the combustion ghamber continues according to the draft in the chamber, which draft under such conditions in fact increases somewhat, since the only open path for the air is then i gas lfor some time .after theI 1 directly from the ash-pit through the tubes 26 and 3l to the combustion chamber. This results in the continued combustion of the gases after the checking of the lire.

lt may be seen that the present construction provides means for supplying heated air at successive intervals along the line of combustion, thereby insuring very complete combustion. A perfect andvnatural balance of the pressure of gases and of atmosphere is maintained in vthe vfurnace at all times Whatever may be the quantity of fuel or of air.

Although but one specific embodiment of this invention has been herein shown and described, itw-ill be understood that numerous details of the construction shown 'nay be 4altered or Aomitted without departing from the spirit of this invention as defined'v by the following claims.

Iclaim:

l. The combination with a furnace comprising a fire-box, ash-pit, and combustion chamber, of a removable attachment thereconduit being prising a conduit adapted for comprising a conduit adapted to be supported at the inner sides of the fire-box, said provided with openings arranged for communication respectively with the ash-pit, ire-box and combustion chainber, and means for regulating thearea ofA the openings in the conduit communicating with the fire-box.' c

2. The combination with a furnace comprising a lire-box, ash-pit, andA combustion chamber, of an attachment therefor comat the inner sides o1 the fire-box, saidv conduit being provided' Withiopenlngs arranged for communication respectively with the ash-pit,- fire-boX and vcombustion-chamber, and a plurality of perforated upright pipes above the openings in the conduit commun1-y eatinl with the fire-box.

3. he combination with a furnace com-v prising abre-box, ash-pit, and .combustion l.chambei-,fof an lattachment 'therefor comp prising aconduit adapted to be supported at" the inner sides of -the fire-box, saidlconduit beingprovided with openings arranged vfor communication respectively with the ashpit, fire-boxand combustionl chamber, and a plurality'of perforated uprlght pipes above the openlngs in the conduit communicating with the combustion chamber. I

4. The combination with a furnace comprising a fire-box, ash-pit, and combustion chamber, of an attachment therefor comprising-anair conduit extendingfrom the fire-box to--thel combustion chamber, said conduit being .provided with a plurality of perforated vupstandilig pipesextending into the're'fbox and 'combustion chamber.

' 5.. The combination with a furnace comprising a fire-box, ash-pit, and combustion chamber, of van attachment thereforA comto be supported4 prising an air conduit extending from the fire-box to the combustion chamber, said conduit being provided with a plurality of perforated upstanding pipes extending into the lire-box and combustion chamber, and means for regulating the relative effective area of the perforations in said upstanding pipes in the fire box and the combustion chamber.

6. A furnace structure having a fire box, combustion chamber and ash pit, a grate structure beneath both said lire box and combustion chamber and separating said box and chamber from said ash pit, a baille wall structure interposed between said conlbustion chamber and fire box downwardly to the normal top level of the fuel, said baiile wall having a hollow interior and having in its front wall ducts for connecting said hollow interior with the fire box, and having ducts whereby said hollow interior 'communicates with the combustion chamber, and means for supplying fresh air tothe interior of said bailie wall. i

7. A furnace structure having a re box, combustion chamber and-ash pit, a grate structure beneath both said lire box and combustion chamber and separating said. box and chamber from said ash .pitfa baliie wall structureinterposed between saidy coinbustionchamber and fire box downwardly to the normal top level-of the fuel, said baiile wall having a hollow interior and having in front Wall ducts forcennecting said hollow-interior -with the fire box, and having ducts whereby said-hollow interior communicates with the combustion the interior `of said ba for supplying fresh air to said lire' l,box above the grate. l

' 8. A furnacestructure having afire box, combustion chamber and ash pit, a grate structure beneath both said fire box and combustion chamber and separating said box and extending and extending chamber, means for supplying fresh 'air to e wall, .and means and chamber from said ash pit, a bailie wall interior communicates ith the combustion chamber, and means for supplying fresh air to the interior of said baile wall, the hollow interior of said baille wall serving as a mixing chamber for the gases from the fire box and the fresh air supplied to the interior of said baille wall.

9. A furnace structure having a fire box, combustion chamber and ash pit, a grate structure beneath both said fire box and combustion chamber and separating said box and chamber from said ash pit, a baille vwall structure interposed between said com# bustion chamber and lfire box and extending ldownwardly to the 'normal top level of the fuel, said baille wall having a hollow interior and having in its front wall ducts for connecting said hollow interior with the fire box, and having ducts whereby said hollow interior communicates with the combustion chamber, means for supplying fresh air t0 the -interior of said baille wall, and means for supplying fresh air to said fire box above the grate, the hollow interior of said baille 'Wall serving as a mixing chamber for'the gases from the fire box and the-fresh air supplied to the interior of said baille wall.

10. Afurnace structure having a ire box, combustion chamber and ash pit, a hollow baille wall structure interposed between said eombustiof'chamber and fire box and ex-l teniig downwardly approximately to the nor al top level of the fuel, said baille wall hafinff ovenmos leadin from said vfire box into its hollow interior, means for supplying fresh air to the interior of said baille wall, and means for directing the mixture from the interior of said baille wall into the combustion chamber.

ll. A furnace structure having a fire box,

combustion chamber and ash pit, a hollow baille wall structure interposed between said combustion chamber and fire box and extending downwardly approximately to the normal top level of the fuel, having openings leading from'said fire box into its hollow interior, means for supplying fresh air tothe interior of said baille wall, means for directing the mixture from the interior of said 'baille wall' into the combustiomehamber, and means for supplying fresh ail to the iire box above the grate.

Signed at Chicago this 17th day of June, 1915.

TR A W. FOLTZ.

said baille wall I

Images