US1132803A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

A. G. SHERMAN.

FURNAGE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 21, 1914.

1,1 32,803. Patented Mar. 23, 1915.

5 Fi l.

INVENTUR ATTURNEYE.

THE NORRIS 'PETERS COA. PHoT0-LlTHo.. WASHINCVON. D r` .ALBERT G. SHERMAN, or BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led September 21, 1914. Serial No. 862,654.

' T0 all whom t may concern.'

Y though the same may also be used for other purposes. c

It is the object of this invention to provide a furnace of this character in which complete combustion of the solid matter as well as the gaseous matter generated from the fuel and the smoke issuing therefrom is effected, thereby economizing in fuel, but also avoiding discharging smoke into the surrounding external atmosphere.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a furnace embodying my improvements. Fig. Q is a horizontal section of the same taken in line 2 2, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary section taken in line 3-3, Fig. l.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views. Y

1 represents the lire place or box of the furnace which is provided in its front 'wall 2 with one or more fuel inlet openings 3 each of which is normally closed by a door 4. At the rear end of the fire place is arranged a rear transverse wall 5 which is provided in its upper part with one or more longitudinal gas passages or openings 6 for conducting heated. and burning gases or combustible matter generated in the lfire place. Although the number of these passages in the rear wall may vary it has been found satisfactory to employ two of them and arrange the same horizontally and transversely side by side, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The top of the ire place is closed by the front part of the boiler shell 7 extending over the same while the bottom of the re place is formed by the grate 8 which c separates the same from the ash pit 9 arranged below the grate. The front-wall of the furnace and ash pit is provided with an i ash outlet opening 10 leading to the ash pit which opening may be closed by a door 11 in the usual and well known manner.

12 represents an arch arranged centrally in the upper part of the fire place between the front and rear walls thereof and extend- Patented Mai. 2a, 1915.

ing transversely from one longitudinal wall of the re place to the other and fitting with` .its upper side against the underside of the boiler shell. The lower edge of the lire arch is separatedby an intervening passage from the top of the lineor substantially so with the upper edge of the fuel inlet opening 3 and the'lower-v most parts of the gas in Figs. 1 and 3. p

Arranged horizontally and lengthwise inV the upper part of the lire place are one or more air supply pipes 13 each of which extends through theV front wall of there place and the arch and opens at its front end to the outer atmosphere whileits rear end opens into the fire place between the rear wall thereof andthe arch. Each of the air supply pipes is preferably arranged axially passages 6, as shown grate and is arranged on a'- 1n line with and terminatesin front of one of the gas openings in the rear wall of the fire place, as shown in the drawings. If desired air may be forcibly injected from the supply pipe rinto the fire place and the companion gas passage 6 by discharging a jet of steam inwardly through the same, this beingV Y preferably effected by means of a steam supply pipe 15 having a discharge nozzle 14 projecting rearwardly into the respective air supply plpe, ing controlled by a valve 16 arranged in the steam supply pipe.

In rear of the fire place is arranged the combustion chamber 17 in which the underside of the rear part of the boiler shell and the steam for this purpose befthe lower part of its rear head are exposed. l

Withinv this combustion chamber are arranged the means for banding or deflecting the heated gases and combustible matter issuing from the gas passages pose of thoroughly mixing this matter and causing the same to be completely burned or ignited before reaching the flues of the boiler shell. These baffling or deflecting means may be variously constructed but fas shown in the drawings the same comprise two pairs of deflectors or baffles 18, 18, 19, 19, the pairs being arranged one in front of the other in a direction lengthwise of the furnace. The deflectors 1'8 of the front pair are arranged vertically and spaced from the rear wall of the fire place and converge from the side walls of the combustionchamber rearwardly toward the center of the 6 for the pury loo same but 'are separated at their vopposingv i communicate with the uptake 22 of the boiler which leads to a chimney or stack extending to the outer atmosphere in the usual and well known manner.

lVhile the coal or other fuel is arranged on the grate within the fire place between the front wall thereof and the arch the same becomes heated and coked so that more or less of the gas in the fuel is given off and passes rearwardly, under the arch and thence upwardly and rearwardly through the gas passages or openings 6 and into the combustion chamber. As the fuel is pushed from the front end toward the rear end of the grate between the rear wall of the lire place and the arch the same becomes incandescent and gives off further combustible gases which pass upwardly and rearwardly through the gas openings or passages 1n the rear wall of the lire place. As the combustible gases rise in the rear part of the fire place the same are mixed with the air which is supplied to the same by the air pipes either by means of a natural draft from the outer ends toward the inner ends of these pipes or by the addition thereto of a forced draft which is produced by the jets of steam directed by the nozzles 14 inwardly through the air pipes. lnasmuch as each of the air pipes and its steam nozzle is arranged axially in line with the central part of one of the gas passages 6 the air, or air and steam, as the case may be are delivered into the center of the stream of combustible gases passing rearwardly through each of the gas passages, thereby producing a mixture of these Combustible gases with the air and steam similar to a Bunsen burner, whereby i the combustible elements contained in the gas are thoroughly aerated and put in the best condition for consuming or burning all of the combustible matter therein so that practically no smoke is present in these hot gases as they pass through the combustion chamber and enter the rear ends of the flues of the boiler.

As the burned aerated combustible gases issue from the rear ends of the gas passages 6 in the rear wall of the fire place the same strike the rearwardly diverging front sides of the lirst pair of deflectors or baffles `which are arranged in line with these gas passages orv openings, whereby these gases issuing from the two openings 6 and directed toward each other are caused to impinge against each other in passing rearwardly through the central passage between these deflectors. The`gases by this means become further intermingled and put into condition for further burning any combustible elements contained therein and producing an intensely hot flame or stream of fire, and the flame is caused to flatten vertically in the manner of two jets of gas approaching each other at an angle like that commonly practiced in acetylene burners. After the flame passes the rear ends to the front pair of deflectors the lsame tends to spread slightly but is again converted into a vertically flattened condition by engagement with the rearwardly converging front sides of the rear pair of deflectors so that any remaining combustible matter in the gases is burned and only intensely heated gases pass from the rear end of the combustion chamber forwardly through the flues of the boiler and practically no smoke escapes from the front ends of the tubes through the uptake. By this means of aerating the combustible Agases generated from the fuel in the lire place a thorough and complete combustion of all the fuel elements is obtained before the hot gases enter the flues of the boiler, thereby enabling these heated 'gases to operate with the highest efficiency upon the water contained within the boiler shell and enabling steam to be generated with a minimum expenditure of fuel. By this means greater economy in the use of the fuel is possible and the objectionable delivery of smoke into the outer atmosphere, as is now commonly the case, is avoided.

Owing to the admixture of the air with the combustible gases in the rear part of the lire place between the rear wall thereof and the arch an intensely hot flame is produced in this region which, in the absence of any provision to prevent it, would unduly heat or burn that part of the boiler shell immediately above the same. ln order to avoid this that part of the under side of the boiler shell which extends over the fire place between the rear wall thereof and the arch is provided with a protecting covering 23 of refractory material, such as lire clay, asbestos or the like, whereby the heating effect of the burning gases is distributed more uniformly over the entire underside of the i boiler shell and undue or irregular heating of the same is avoided as well as any injurious effects which otherwise might follow from the lack of uniformity in the heating of the boiler shell.

My improved furnace is comparatively simple and inexpensive in construction, the same can be easily installed and all. of its parts are readily accessible for inspection and repairs.

I claim as my invention:

1. A furnace comprising a fire place provided with a front wall and a rear wall having a longitudinal opening, a boiler arranged over the fire place, an arch extending transversely across the fire place between said front and rear walls and projecting downwardly from said boiler, and a conduit for conducting air from the exterior of the furnace through said arch and discharging the same from the rear side of said arch into the space between the latter and said rear wall but not in direct communication with the space in front of said arch.

2. A furnace comprising a fire place having a front wall and a rear wall provided with two; openings arranged transversely side by side, an arch arranged transversely in the upper part of said fire place between the front and rear walls thereof, horizontal air supply pipes extending lengthwise of the furnace through said front wall and arch and opening at their front ends to the atmosphere while the rear ends thereof open into the fire place between the arch and said rear wall and each of said air pipes being arranged in line with one` of said openings in said rear wall, a combustion chamber arranged in rear of the fire place, and two upright defiectors arranged in the combustion chamber between the front and rear ends thereof and converging rearwardly from the side walls thereof while their rear inner edges are separated by an intervening passage.

3. A furnace comprising a ire place having a front wall and a rear wall provided with two openings arranged transversely side by side, an arch arranged transversely in the upper part of said fire place between the front and rear walls thereof, horizontal 'air supply pipes extending lengthwise of the furnace through said front wall and arch and opening at their front ends to the atmosphere while the rear ends thereof open into the fire place between the arch and said rear wall and each of said air pipes being arranged in line with one of said openings in said rear wall, a combustion chamber arranged in rear of the fire place, and two pairs of upright defiectors arranged one behind the other in said combustion chamber between the front and rear ends thereo-f, the members of each pair'converging rearwardly from the side walls of the combusarch and opening at their front ends to the,

atmosphere while the rear ends thereof open into the fire place between the arch and said rear wall and each of said air pipes being arranged in line with one of said openings in said rear wall, a combustion chamber arranged in rear of the fire place, two upright defiectors arranged in the combustion chamber between the front and rear ends thereof and converging rearwardly from the side walls thereof while their rear inner edges are separated by an intervening passage, and a boiler arranged over said iire place and combustion chamber.

5. A furnace comprising a fire place having a front wall and a rear wall provided with two openings arranged transversely side by side, an arch arranged transversely in the upper part of said fire place between the front and rear walls thereof, horizontal air supply pipes extending lengthwise of the furnace through said front wall and arch and opening at their front ends to the atmosphere while therear ends thereof open into the lire place between the arch and said rear wall and each of said air pipes being arranged in line with one of said openings Y in said rear wall, a combustion chamber arranged in rear of the ire place, two upright deiectors arranged in the combustion chamber between the front and rear ends thereof and convergingl rearwardly from the side walls thereof while their rear inner edges are separated by an intervening passage, a boiler arranged over said fire place and coinbustion chamber, and a protecting covering applied to the underside of said boiler between the arch and the rear wall of the firev place. V

Witness my hand this 19th day of September, 1914.

ALBERT e. SHERMAN.

AWitnesses:

THEO. L. PoPP, E. M. GRAHAM.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C.

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