US2014658A

US2014658A - Furnace

Info

Publication number: US2014658A
Application number: US643128A
Authority: US
Inventors: Joseph A Masonick
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1932-11-18
Filing date: 1932-11-18
Publication date: 1935-09-17
Anticipated expiration: 1952-09-17

Description

Sepv17,l935. J. A. MAsoNlcK FURNACE Filed Nov. 18, 1952 2 Sheets-Shea?. l

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J. A. MASONICK FURNACE 2 sheets-sheet 2 Filed NOV. 18, 1952 Patented Sept, 17, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 6 Claims.

My invention relates to self-stoking heating furnaces employing vertical rather than horizontal iire beds and which may be charged with a fuel supply sufficient to last many hours.

5 It is the purpose of this invention to provide a cheap and yet eiiicient heating furnace of the above type that is compact, substantially smokeless and self-tending, and that is particularly Well adapted to burn low grade coal with a uni- 10 form and complete combustion.

Other novelV features rand their resultant features will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following descriptiongiven in connection with the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1l is a vertical central section through a heating furnaceconstructed in accordance with my invention,

Fig. 2 is a horizontal stepped section taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.5

Referring more particularly toy the drawings, the vfurnace is supported upon a cylindrical base I which provides the usual ash pit 3 and also supports a re pot 4 which depends into the base and'has the usual grates 6 extending across its lower opening. Arising from the base is the furnace casing l which provides the usualV combustion chamber 8 closed at its upper end by a top 9.

The casing may be provided with an outer jacket Ill lif` it isrdesired to use the furnace as a` hot air furnace.V The usual ue II connects to the upper end of the combustion chamber for conducting the flue gases. VAccess may be had to the rinterior of the combustion chamber through a top door I2 and a side door I3, whereas access may behad to the ash pit vthrough the usual door I4." 1 v Disposed .within the combustion chamber 8 and pot is a double walled inverted cup-like water boiler I6 which not only provides a water chamber orY dome I'I but also constitutes a fuel magaw z'ine or reservoirV I8 dened by the inner Wall of i theboiler. The lower open end of the reservoir discharges-into the fire pot and upon grates 6.V

supported from the outer casingabove the fireV (Cl. 12B- 158) jacket, if used, and establish communication to the exterior. These flues may also have openings 24 intermediate their ends leading into the combustion chamber. By means of these fiues auxiliary air may be supplied to the combustion 5 chamber or fuel bed either by natural or forced draft. Furthermore, under certain conditions of combustion and fuel level these flues prevent arching of the fuel or ash in the reservoir.Y

To conduct unburned gases which are gen- 10 erated in the reservoir to thercombustion chamber to completely burn them, I have provided a gas duct or flue 25 in the water boiler which communicates with the reservoir at its upper end l through an opening 26 formed in the inner wall 15 of the boiler. The duct extends downwardly and communicates withv an annular carbureting chamber 21 formed by an enlargement formed in the upper rim of the re pot, communication being through an opening 28 in an offset wall por- 20 tion 2S of the outer wall of the boiler.

The annular carbureting chamber 2l being an annular enlargement of the fire pot is never filled with coal or ashes. At the same time it communicates with'the combustion chamber and serves 25 to carburet or distribute the unburned gases coming down throughV duct V2l! into the comb-ustion chamber where they will be completely burned. The flow of these gases is indicated by the arrows in the drawings.

Under some conditions additional or auxiliary airV is desirable and for this purpose the base is provided with an auxiliary air inlet 3I communicating with the chamber 21 and controlled by a butteriiy valve 32. 35

AProvision is also made for forced draft. For this purpose a pipe 33 is tapped into flue II and communicates with the ash pit through a pair of pipes 34' which are directed upwardly toward the bottom of the grates. A blower or fan 36 may be provided to force the hot flue gases from stack II downwardly and up through the grates. The blower may be electrically controlled from any suitable source, such as by thermostats in the rooms being supplied with heat through the necessary wires 31. Y

The water boiler is provided with water inlet connections 3B and a water outlet connection 39 which may be the source of supply for any desired number of radiators.

In use Vfuel such as any poor or low grade coal is dumped into the fuel reservoir by opening doors I2 and 2 I. The reservoir is preferably filled nearly to the top, as indicated in Fig. 1, and the coal will fall into the fire pot upon the grates as shown. After the fuel has been ignited the lower portion of the coal will burn downwardly and the ashes will automatically fall into the ash pit. During combustion, gases will be generated in the reservoir. These gases will pass out through opening 26 down duct 25 and be fed into the combustion chamber at a plurality of points around the carbureting ring 21, thus completing the combusti-on. Gas ues 23 will permit passage of gases liberated in the central region of the fuel pile into the combustion chamber and by providing an auxiliary source of air tend to induce complete combustion. These flues also prevent arching of the coal.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that there has been provided a heating furnace which may not only be utilized to heat water but because of its large exposed surface surrounding the combustion chamber may also be used to heat the room in which the furnace is placed. Obviously the furnace may be jacketed to provide an air heating chamber if desired. The furnace is cheap in construction, eflicient and clean in operation, needs practically no attention other than to charge the fuel reservoir, after which the furnace will operate for many hours and starts an immediate circulation of hot air. It has been found that the furnace is practically smokeless and gives complete and uniform combustion.

Other advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the art to whom it will also be apparent that changes may be made in the details of construction without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A heating furnace comprising a combustion chamber, an ash pit, a fire pot between the combustion chamber and ash pit, said fire pot having an inturned rim providing a carbureting chamber within the re pot in communication with said combustion chamber, a fuel reservoir within said combustion chamber above the fire pot and arranged to discharge fuel into said fire pot, and a gas duct communicating with the upper region of said reservoir and with said carbureting chamber for conducting gases from the fuel reservoir to the carbureting chamber.

2. A heating furnace comprising a combustion chamber, an ash pit, a fire pot between the combustion chamber and ash pit, a fuel reservoir within said combustion chamber above the fire pot arranged to discharge fuel into said re pot, an annular carburetor chamber adjacent to the J. fuel bed, said carburetor chamber being below the lower end of but communicating with said combustion chamber and substantially surrounding said combustion chamber, and a gas duct communicating with the upper end of said fuel reser-V voir and with said carburetor chamber for conducting gases from the fuel reservoir to said carburetor chamber.

3. A heating furnace comprising a combustion chamber, an ash pit, a fire pot between the combustion chamberv and ash pit, a fuel reservoir within the combustion chamber above the fire pot and arranged to discharge fuel into said fire pot, a

carburetor chamber in the rim of the fire pot substantially surrounding said combustion chamber and communicating therewith, and a gas duct communicating with the upper end of said fuel reservoir and with said carburetor chamber for conducting gases from the fuel reservoir to said carburetor chamber.

4. A heating furnace comprising a combustion chamber, an ash pit, a fire pot between the combustion chamber and ash pit, a cylindrical double 10 walled water boiler disposed within said combustion chamber above said re pot, the chamber formed by the inner wall of said boiler constituting a fuel reservoir and arranged to discharge into the're pot, a fuel inlet at the top of said reservoir, 15 an annular carburetor chamber in the rim of the lire pot substantially surrounding said combustion chamber adjacent the lower end of said water boiler, and a gas duct in said boiler communicating at an end with the fuel reservoir adjacent its upper end and at its other end with said carbureting chamber.

5. A furnace of the upright type comprising a furnace casing, a fire pot therein, there being'an ash pit below said fire pot and a combustion chamber above the same, an inverted cup-shaped double walled water boiler the interior chamber of which constitutes a fuel magazine, said boiler arranged eccentrically to the casing and re pot and being nested in the rear part of the casing so that the combustion chamber proper is in the front part Yand upper part of the casing, there being an off-draft connection with said upper part of the casing at the rear thereof, said re pot extending under the entire combustion chamber and fuel magazine, so that the products of combustion ascend at the front side of the furnace and pass Iover the top or dome of said boiler, said ash pit having a rearwardly disposed irl-draft connection below the grate, and a gas iiue leading 40; from the upper part of said fuel magazine to the rear part of the fire pot.

6. A furnace of the upright type comprising a furnace casing, a fire pot therein, there being an ash pit below said nre pot and a combustion cham- 4g ber above the same, an inverted cup-shaped double walled water boiler the interior chamber of which constitutes a fuel magazine, said boiler arranged eccentrically to the casing and fire pot and being nested in the rear part of the casing so that the combustion chamber proper is in the front part and upper part of the casing, there being an off-draft connection with said upper part of the casing at the rear thereof, said re pot extending under the entire combustion cham- 5. ber and fuel magazine, so that the products of combustion ascend at the front side of the furnace and pass over the top or dome of said boiler, said ash pit having a rearwardly disposed in-draft connection below the grate, a gas flue leading from the upper part of said fuel magazine to the rearv part of the fire pot, and a fiue passing through the combustion chamber connecting said magazine with the atmosphere, said last mentioned fiue having an opening into the combus- 05v tion chamber.

JOSEPH A. MASONICK.