US1158986A - Gas-burner. - Google Patents

Description

Ru 1 9 1 27 v 0 N d m m P lu M C. G. CRONWALL.

GAS BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2|. 1914.

" FATE CARL G. CBONWALL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GAS-BURNER.

Application filed February 21, 1814. Serial No. 820,112.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, CARL G. Cnon WALL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements 1n Gas-Burners, of

which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to gas burners, and its object is to remedy several well known deficiencies in current types of burners and to provide certain improvements to the end of eflecting economy in the consumption of fuel, securing a greater range of adaptability for the various conditions of service, and simplifying the care and operation of burners of this type.

.More particularly the objects of'the 1nvention are to bring the flame from the burner into close contact with the bottom of a utensil immediately after the flame issues. from the burner; to substantlally do away with the usual pocket of air or choke gas between flame and utensil in one phase of the I The invention consists in the novel fea-' tures, construction, 'comblnatlon and ar-..

rangement of parts as hereinafter described in detail, illustrated in the accompanying drawing and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawing Figure 1 is a vertical section of a burner embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a section taken substantially on line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section representing a modified form of .burner body and a modified form of cap or disk which may be used exchangeably with the disk shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4c is a section taken substantially on line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a perspective view with the cap or flamespreading disk slightly elevated above normal position to more clearly show the free annular burner outlet.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

In the several views 2 represents one of the forms of burner body shown and 3 the modified form, each adapted'for the form of. spreader disk l shown in Fig.1 or thedisk 5' shown in Fig. 3, and each having a contracted upper portion 6. In the several forms the mouth or outlet from the burner is shown as'an annular passage 7, the essential feature of which is that the flow of gas and. flame fromthis outlet is uninterrupted.

or unbroken. In the present illustration I attain this end by su orting the disk, cap or spreader 4 or 5 at the center of the outlet, on a hollow spindle 8 in Fig. 1 and a similar spindle 9 in Fig. 3. The spindle 8 is supported at its lower end preferably by being made integral .with the bottom 10 of the body 2, and where additional sunnort is required for the upper end this may take the form of a series of radial webs 11 and'12 such as similar webs 13, 14, 15' and 16 in Figs. and 4. The upper portion 6, however, is clear of obstructions in the path of flow of the gas; The body 2 has a side, or

horizontal, gas-inlet in the form of an interiorly threaded hub 17 on said body with which'the usual pipe or Bunsen air and, gas. mixer 18 is connected. On the lower end of the body 3 is a hub 19 that is substantially concentric with the'mou-th o'r outlet 7 and is similarly threaded for a connecting pipe 20 or Bunsen mixer. From the center of the disk 4 extends a stem 21 andfrom the disk -5 extends a similar stem 22 which stems serve to support the respective disks in the hollow spindle 8 or 9L The-under-side of the disk 4 is a flat or plane surface23 curved slightly upward at'the edge, while .the disk 5 has a downwardly curved peripheral edge 24 to produce a sheet of flame in the form of an annular trough 25 between which and a vessel bottom, indicated by the line 26, is substantially imprisoned a ring-formed body of air which is designed to serve as a fueleconomizing substitute for the asbestos mat or other means interposed between the flame and the vessel when milder heat is desired as when cooking milk. In Fig. 1 the flame 27 is 'in close contact with the vessel bottom 28 from the edge of the disk 4 to the outer edge of the flame.

The portion 6 of the respective,v burner forms is contracted to provide a small sheet of flame suitable for asmall-vessel or cup which flame may be expanded by simply turning on more gas. The contracted portionfurthermore offers a smaller bodv of metal contact with the flame and the heat from the part is more rapidly dili'used and radiated by its being absorbed by the larger body of metal in the lower portion of the burner body. This protects the burner from the overheating which often detrimentally affects the fuel mixture of gas and air. in cases where the quality of gas is such that it is desirable to have a screen or wire netting washer at the mouth of the burner provision is made for same by a groove. 30 in the inner periphery of the portion 6 and a groove 3l in the outer periphery of the center post or spindle 8 or these grooves serving to hold the annular perforated disk or netting.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 3 the vessel is placed on the burner disk, or in such close proximity as to be substantially on the disk. In the Fig. l arrangement this eliminates the usual air space between flame and vessel bottom in which choking gases are formed which reduce the intensity of the heat. In some cases, as when heating milk, it is desirable to prevent contact of the flame with the bottom of the vessel containing the milk. For this purpose it is common to place, say. an asbestos disk or mat under the vessel and between it and the flame, which is a waste of fuel which I eliminate by interposing a ring of heated air between the flame and the vessel indicated as 32 in Fig. 3. This is accomplished by directing the sheet of flame downward from the annular outlet 7 and the air interposed between the flame and the vessel tends to force the flames outer edge to the outer edge of the vessel where it no longer is opposed by a cushion of air between vessel and flame, as indicated by the flame 25 in Fig. 3. In this instance, too, the length of curve of the flame will be determined by the size of the vessel bottom and the volume of gas and air admitted to the burner.

The disks 4 and 5 spread out over the mouth of the burner like an umbrella and prevent the spilling of foreign matter into the burner or its outlet 7 and if the interior of the burner should in some manner become clogged it can easily be cleaned out by simply lifting the top disk to freely expose the inlet to the burner. Again by removing the top disk 4 or 5 the burner is adapted to serve as a torch with a strong vertical flame suitable for rapidly singeing oif the pin feathers on a fowl, for heating soldering irons and the like. The continuous sheet of flame, or a flame uninterrupted or split by supports for the top portion, or by issuing out of a series of separate holes, is a great deal steadier than the divided flame or series of jets of flame which do not support each other against air currents. In the air which passes between such jets and the bottom of a cooking utensil the oxygen is burned out which produces a choke gas that very materially interferes with the el'l'eetiveness of the flame. The practically imprisoned ring of air 32, on the other hand, is not continually being changed and cooled ofl' by the lngress of cold ail-between the usual flamejets.

In the well known forms of burners recourse must be had to the pluralizing of holes or slots for the egress of the fuel mixture in order to prevent the flames from entering the burner. By reducing the upper part of the burner chamber I obtain a relative pressure between the large and the small portion of the burner space which obviates this interior ignition. This also makes it possible for me to use a. considerably smaller size of burner for a given amount of heating energy. The reduction in size of the upper portion also obviates the yellow or white flame so common with old forms of burners due to the fact that the burner is overheated which it is said causes a burning up of the oxygen within the burner or causes a chemical'change which deprives the combustion at the proper point ofjits oxygen support. In the present form of burner ignition takes place as quickly as possible after mixture of air and gas.

Having thus described my invention I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters latent- 1. A burner consisting of a comparatively large body having its upper portion contracted, said upper portion and said body each being of uniform cross section throughout and said upper portion serving as the mouth or outlet from said burner, said mouth having an unobstructedperiphery permitting an unimpeded flow of flame and gases of combustion over said periphery, and a cap or plate arranged over said opening which deflects a sheet of flame laterally of said mouth or outlet.

2. A burner consisting of a cylindrical lower chamber and a cylindrical upper end, the latter serving as the outlet for said burner, and means which do not offer any obstruction at any point on the periphery of said outlet for changing the direction of flow of burning gases issuing out of said opening.

3. A burner comprising a chamber having a contracted upper part with Walls that parallel the Walls of the body of the chamber, said part serving as the outlet, exchangeable caps to be arranged over said outlet, and means for supporting either of said caps in the center of said outlet free the edges thereof.

4.. A. burner consisting of a two-part chamber, the lower part being larger than the upper, but of the same form, said lower part having a gas or fuel inlet thereinto and said upper part having an outlet therefrom,

a combination utensil-supporting plate and flame-deflector, and means for supporting the latter through the center of said outlet whereby an annular and unobstructed outlet is provided for said burner.

5. The combination with a burner having an interior chamber provided with a fuel inlet, a contracted outlet chamber, and a support arranged in the outlets center, of a plurality of different forms of flame-deflecting plates or caps exchangeably mountable upon said support.

6. The combination in a burner, of a substantially cylindrical chamber having a pipe connection leading thereinto, an abruptly contracted upper space into which said chamber leads and exhausts its fuel, said space being substantially of the same form as said chamber, a cooking-vessel supporting-plate provided with downwardly curved edges, ,and a centrally mounted spindle within said chamber and space upon which said supporting-plate is mounted.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CARL G. CRONWALL. Witnesses:

J N0. H. NELSON, Jr., J. B. BEGHSTROM.

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