US11331103B2 - Occlusive medical device with fixation members - Google Patents

Occlusive medical device with fixation members Download PDF

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Publication number
US11331103B2
US11331103B2 US16/362,867 US201916362867A US11331103B2 US 11331103 B2 US11331103 B2 US 11331103B2 US 201916362867 A US201916362867 A US 201916362867A US 11331103 B2 US11331103 B2 US 11331103B2
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Prior art keywords
expandable framework
fixation members
members
occlusive
strut members
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US20190298380A1 (en
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Joshua Mark Inouye
Brian Joseph Tischler
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Boston Scientific Scimed Inc
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Boston Scientific Scimed Inc
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Assigned to BOSTON SCIENTIFIC SCIMED, INC. reassignment BOSTON SCIENTIFIC SCIMED, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TISCHLER, Brian Joseph, INOUYE, Joshua Mark
Publication of US20190298380A1 publication Critical patent/US20190298380A1/en
Priority to US17/708,864 priority patent/US11992220B2/en
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Publication of US11331103B2 publication Critical patent/US11331103B2/en
Priority to US18/489,491 priority patent/US20240041462A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord
    • A61B17/12022—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires
    • A61B17/12099—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires characterised by the location of the occluder
    • A61B17/12122—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires characterised by the location of the occluder within the heart
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord
    • A61B17/12022—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires
    • A61B17/12027—Type of occlusion
    • A61B17/12031—Type of occlusion complete occlusion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord
    • A61B17/12022—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires
    • A61B17/12131—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires characterised by the type of occluding device
    • A61B17/12168—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires characterised by the type of occluding device having a mesh structure
    • A61B17/12172—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires characterised by the type of occluding device having a mesh structure having a pre-set deployed three-dimensional shape
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord
    • A61B17/12022—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires
    • A61B17/12131—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires characterised by the type of occluding device
    • A61B17/12168—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires characterised by the type of occluding device having a mesh structure
    • A61B17/12177—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires characterised by the type of occluding device having a mesh structure comprising additional materials, e.g. thrombogenic, having filaments, having fibers or being coated
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/00238—Type of minimally invasive operation
    • A61B2017/00243—Type of minimally invasive operation cardiac
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00526—Methods of manufacturing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/0057—Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect
    • A61B2017/00575—Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect for closure at remote site, e.g. closing atrial septum defects
    • A61B2017/00579—Barbed implements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00831—Material properties
    • A61B2017/00867—Material properties shape memory effect

Definitions

  • the left atrial appendage is a small organ attached to the left atrium of the heart as a pouch-like extension.
  • the left atrial appendage may not properly contract with the left atrium, causing stagnant blood to pool within its interior, which can lead to the undesirable formation of thrombi within the left atrial appendage.
  • Thrombi forming in the left atrial appendage may break loose from this area and enter the blood stream. Thrombi that migrate through the blood vessels may eventually plug a smaller vessel downstream and thereby contribute to stroke or heart attack.
  • Clinical studies have shown that the majority of blood clots in patients with atrial fibrillation are found in the left atrial appendage.
  • An example occlusive implant includes an expandable framework configured to shift between a collapsed configuration and an expanded configuration, wherein the expandable framework includes a plurality of strut members circumferentially spaced around a longitudinal axis of the expandable framework, wherein one or more of the plurality of strut members includes a first twisted portion and a face portion.
  • the occlusive implant also includes a plurality of fixation members disposed along the face portion of one or more of the plurality of strut members.
  • fixation members and the expandable framework are formed from a unitary tubular member.
  • one or more of the plurality of fixation members extends radially away from the longitudinal axis.
  • each of the plurality of strut members includes 8 or more fixation members disposed thereon.
  • the one or more of the strut members includes a second twisted portion, and wherein the face portion is positioned between the first twisted portion and the second twisted portion.
  • the plurality of fixation members are formed by laser cutting.
  • the twisted portion is formed by a heat setting the one or more of the plurality of strut members.
  • the face portion of one or more of the plurality of strut members includes a curved region, and wherein the curved region is configured to extend radially away from the longitudinal axis of the expandable framework.
  • the curved region includes an apex
  • at least one of the plurality of fixation members is disposed along the apex of the curved region.
  • Another occlusive implant includes:
  • an expandable framework configured to shift between a collapsed configuration and an expanded configuration
  • the expandable framework includes a plurality of strut members circumferentially spaced around a longitudinal axis of the expandable framework, wherein one or more of the plurality of strut members includes a first twisted portion and a face portion;
  • an occlusive member disposed along an outer surface of the expandable framework.
  • one or more of the plurality of fixation members extends radially away from the longitudinal axis.
  • the occlusive member extends circumferentially around the outer surface of the occlusive member.
  • the face portion of one or more of the plurality of strut members includes a curved region, and wherein the curved region is configured to extend radially away from the longitudinal axis of the expandable framework.
  • a method for manufacturing an occlusive implant includes:
  • the laser cutting forms a plurality of strut members and a plurality of fixation members disposed along the plurality of strut members, and wherein the plurality of strut members and the plurality of fixation members extend circumferentially around a longitudinal axis of the tubular member;
  • FIG. 2 shows an example occlusive implant positioned in the heart
  • FIG. 3 shows an example occlusive implant positioned in the left atrial appendage
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an example occlusive implant
  • FIG. 5 illustrates another example occlusive implant
  • FIG. 6 illustrates another example occlusive implant
  • numeric values are herein assumed to be modified by the term “about,” whether or not explicitly indicated.
  • the term “about”, in the context of numeric values, generally refers to a range of numbers that one of skill in the art would consider equivalent to the recited value (e.g., having the same function or result). In many instances, the term “about” may include numbers that are rounded to the nearest significant figure. Other uses of the term “about” (e.g., in a context other than numeric values) may be assumed to have their ordinary and customary definition(s), as understood from and consistent with the context of the specification, unless otherwise specified.
  • extent may be understood to mean a greatest measurement of a stated or identified dimension, unless the extent or dimension in question is preceded by or identified as a “minimum”, which may be understood to mean a smallest measurement of the stated or identified dimension.
  • outer extent may be understood to mean a maximum outer dimension
  • radial extent may be understood to mean a maximum radial dimension
  • longitudinal extent may be understood to mean a maximum longitudinal dimension
  • Each instance of an “extent” may be different (e.g., axial, longitudinal, lateral, radial, circumferential, etc.) and will be apparent to the skilled person from the context of the individual usage.
  • an “extent” may be considered a greatest possible dimension measured according to the intended usage, while a “minimum extent” may be considered a smallest possible dimension measured according to the intended usage.
  • an “extent” may generally be measured orthogonally within a plane and/or cross-section, but may be, as will be apparent from the particular context, measured differently—such as, but not limited to, angularly, radially, circumferentially (e.g., along an arc), etc.
  • monolithic and/or unitary shall generally refer to an element or elements made from or consisting of a single structure or base unit/element.
  • a monolithic and/or unitary element shall exclude structure and/or features made by assembling or otherwise joining multiple discrete elements together.
  • references in the specification to “an embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “other embodiments”, etc. indicate that the embodiment(s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it would be within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to effect the particular feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments, whether or not explicitly described, unless clearly stated to the contrary.
  • LAA left atrial appendage
  • the occurrence of thrombi in the left atrial appendage (LAA) during atrial fibrillation may be due to stagnancy of blood pooling in the LAA.
  • the pooled blood may still be pulled out of the left atrium by the left ventricle, however less effectively due to the irregular contraction of the left atrium caused by atrial fibrillation. Therefore, instead of an active support of the blood flow by a contracting left atrium and left atrial appendage, filling of the left ventricle may depend primarily or solely on the suction effect created by the left ventricle. However, the contraction of the left atrial appendage may not be in sync with the cycle of the left ventricle.
  • contraction of the left atrial appendage may be out of phase up to 180 degrees with the left ventricle, which may create significant resistance to the desired flow of blood.
  • most left atrial appendage geometries are complex and highly variable, with large irregular surface areas and a narrow ostium or opening compared to the depth of the left atrial appendage.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example occlusive implant 10 .
  • the implant 10 may include an expandable framework 12 .
  • the expandable framework 12 may include a first end region 13 and a second end region 15 .
  • the expandable framework 12 may include a plurality of strut members 17 .
  • the strut members 17 may be interconnected with one another and extend circumferentially around the longitudinal axis 52 to define the expandable framework 12 of the occlusive implant 10 .
  • the occlusive implant 10 may also include an occlusive member 14 disposed on, disposed over, disposed about, or covering at least a portion of the expandable framework 12 .
  • the occlusive member 14 may be disposed on, disposed over, disposed about or cover at least a portion of an outer (or outwardly-facing) surface of the expandable framework 12 .
  • FIG. 1 further illustrates that the occlusive member 14 may extend only partially along the longitudinal extent of the expandable framework 12 . However, this is not intended to be limiting. Rather, the occlusive member 14 may extend along the longitudinal extent of the expandable framework to any degree (e.g., the full longitudinal extend of the expandable framework 12 ).
  • the occlusive member 14 may be permeable or impermeable to blood and/or other fluids, such as water.
  • the occlusive member 14 may include a woven, braided and/or knitted material, a fiber, a sheet-like material, a fabric, a polymeric membrane, a metallic or polymeric mesh, a porous filter-like material, or other suitable construction.
  • the occlusive member 14 may prevent thrombi (i.e. blood clots, etc.) from passing through the occlusive member 14 and out of the left atrial appendage into the blood stream.
  • the occlusive member 14 may promote endothelization after implantation, thereby effectively removing the left atrial appendage from the patient's circulatory system.
  • FIG. 1 further illustrates that the expandable framework 12 may include a plurality of fixation members 16 disposed about a periphery of the expandable framework 12 .
  • the fixation members 16 may be disposed along one or more of the strut members 17 which define the expandable framework 12 .
  • the plurality of fixation members 16 may extend radially outward from the strut members 17 of the expandable framework 12 . In other words, the plurality of fixation members 16 may extend radially away from the longitudinal axis 52 of the expandable framework 12 .
  • the plurality of fixation members 16 may each have and/or include a body portion 26 and a tip portion 28 . Further, the body portion 26 of some of the plurality of fixation members 16 (such as the fixation member 16 shown in the detailed view of FIG. 1 ) may be curved. As will be discussed in greater detail below, the plurality of fixation member 16 may be curved such that the tip portion 28 points toward the second end region 15 of the expandable framework 12 . However, this is not intended to be limiting. Rather, it is contemplated that one or more of the fixation members may point toward the first end region 13 or in a direction other than toward the second end region 15 . Additionally, the shape of the fixation members 16 illustrated in FIG. 1 is non-limiting. Rather, it is contemplated that the fixation members 16 may include a variety of different shapes, geometries, etc.
  • Each of the individual fixation members 16 may have a “height” (e.g., the length of the fixation member 16 from its tip portion 28 to the base of its body portion 26 ) of about 0.005′′ to about 0.060′′, or, in some instances, about 0.025′′.
  • the height of each fixation member 16 may be dependent on how many total fixation members 16 are positioned on the expandable framework 12 . For example, a greater the number of fixation members 16 on an expandable framework 12 may correspond a lower the height of each individual fixation member 16 . Conversely, the height of each individual fixation member 16 may be greater for example framework 12 designs which include relatively fewer fixation members 16 .
  • the expandable framework 12 and the plurality of fixation members 16 may be integrally formed and/or cut from a unitary member.
  • the expandable framework 12 and the plurality of fixation members 16 may be integrally formed and/or cut from a unitary tubular member and subsequently formed and/or heat set to a desired shape in the expanded configuration.
  • the expandable framework 12 and the plurality of fixation members 16 may be integrally formed and/or cut from a unitary flat member, and then rolled or formed into a tubular structure and subsequently formed and/or heat set to the desired shape in the expanded configuration.
  • Some exemplary means and/or methods of making and/or forming the expandable framework 12 include laser cutting, machining, punching, stamping, electro discharge machining (EDM), chemical dissolution, etc. Other means and/or methods are also contemplated.
  • the plurality of fixation members 16 disposed along the expandable framework 12 may include several “rows” of fixation members 16 disposed along the strut members 17 .
  • the expandable framework 12 may include several fixation members 16 disposed along several strut members 17 .
  • one or more strut members 17 may include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 45, 50 or more fixation members 16 disposed thereon.
  • one or more of the fixation members 16 may extend through the occlusive member 14 .
  • FIG. 2 illustrates that the occlusive implant 10 may be inserted and advanced through a body lumen via an occlusive implant delivery system 20 .
  • FIG. 2 further illustrates the occlusive implant 10 being delivered and positioned within the left atrial appendage 50 .
  • an occlusive implant delivery system 20 may include a delivery catheter 24 which is guided toward the left atrium via various chambers and lumens of the heart (e.g., the inferior vena cava, the right atrium, etc.) to a position adjacent the left atrial appendage 50 .
  • the delivery system 20 may include a hub member 22 coupled to a proximal region of the delivery catheter 24 .
  • the hub member 22 may be manipulated by a clinician to direct the distal end region of the delivery catheter 24 to a position adjacent the left atrial appendage 50 .
  • an occlusive implant delivery system may include a core wire 18 .
  • a proximal end of the expandable framework 12 may be configured to releasably attach, join, couple, engage, or otherwise connect to the distal end of the core wire 18 .
  • an end region of the expandable framework 12 may include a threaded insert coupled thereto.
  • the threaded insert may be configured to and/or adapted to couple with, join to, mate with, or otherwise engage a threaded member disposed at the distal end of a core wire 18 .
  • Other means of releasably coupling and/or engaging the proximal end of the expandable framework 12 to the distal end of the core wire 18 are also contemplated.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a left atrial appendage occlusive implant 10 positioned adjacent the left atrial appendage 50 via the delivery catheter 24 (described above with respect to FIG. 2 ).
  • the occlusive implant 10 may be configured to shift between a collapsed configuration and an expanded configuration.
  • the occlusive implant 10 may be in a collapsed configuration during delivery via an occlusion implant delivery system, whereby the occlusive implant 10 expands to an expanded configuration once deployed from the occlusion implant delivery system.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates that the expandable framework 12 may be compliant and, therefore, substantially conform to and/or be in sealing engagement with the shape and/or geometry of a lateral wall of a left atrial appendage in the expanded configuration.
  • the occlusive implant 10 may expand to a size, extent, or shape less than or different from a maximum unconstrained extent, as determined by the surrounding tissue and/or lateral wall of the left atrial appendage.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates that the expandable framework 12 may be held fixed adjacent to the left atrial appendage by one or more fixation members 16 .
  • the elements of the expandable framework 12 may be tailored to increase the flexibility and compliance of the expandable framework 12 and/or the occlusive implant 10 , thereby permitting the expandable framework 12 and/or the occlusive implant 10 to conform to the tissue around it, rather than forcing the tissue to conform to the expandable framework 12 and/or the occlusive implant 10 .
  • the expandable implant 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 may be formed from a unitary member.
  • the expandable framework 12 may be formed by laser cutting a unitary member into a desired geometry and then expanding the unitary member to form the expendable framework 12 illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • a utilizing a particular manufacturing methodology e.g., laser cutting
  • the expandable framework 12 may include “micro” elements.
  • the plurality of fixation members 16 may be described as “microbarbs” or “microfixation” elements. These elements may be very small as compared to the overall size of the expandable framework 12 . However, even though they may be relatively small, collectively, they may be able to engage the tissue of the left atrial appendage with the same or greater force as larger (but fewer) anchoring members.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an initial manufacturing step (in a sequence of steps) utilized to form the expandable framework 12 (discussed above with respect to FIGS. 1-3 ).
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the expandable framework 12 in an unexpanded configuration after having been laser cut from a unitary member (e.g., a tubular member), but prior to being expanded to the configuration shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the expandable framework 12 includes the first end region 11 , the second end region 13 and the longitudinal axis 52 .
  • the expandable framework 12 shown in FIG. 4 does not include the occlusive member 14 (shown above). Additionally, the detailed view of FIG.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the struts 17 of the expandable framework 12 which includes the plurality of fixation members 16 .
  • the tubular member from which the expandable framework 12 is laser cut, for example
  • the fixation members 16 may be machined (e.g., laser cut) such that the fixation members 16 are formed as unitary elements of the strut members 17 .
  • each of the fixation members 16 may be laser cut to include the body portion 26 and the tip portion 28 (described above with respect to FIG. 1 ).
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the fixation members 16 circumferentially aligned with the curvature of the outer surface of the tubular member.
  • the laser cutting process may remove material between the strut members 17 and/or the fixation members 16 .
  • the remaining material e.g., the struts 17 and the fixation members 16 , for example
  • the laser cutting process may permit structure of the expandable framework 12 to be formed in a geometrically “tight” pattern.
  • laser cutting the struts 17 and/or the fixation members 16 may permit the fixation members 16 to be tightly nested between the struts 17 in a spatially “efficient” pattern and/or geometry.
  • FIG. 5 shows another manufacturing step in the sequence of steps to form the expandable framework 12 from a solid tubular member.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a manufacturing step occurring after the laser cutting step discussed and illustrated with respect to FIG. 4 .
  • comparison of the expandable framework 12 shown in FIG. 5 to that shown in FIG. 4 illustrates each of the plurality of strut members 17 after having have been rotated (e.g., twisted) 90 degrees.
  • the detailed view of FIG. 5 illustrates twisted regions 30 a , 30 b of each of the strut members 17 .
  • each of the strut members 17 may include a first twisted region 30 a and a second twisted region 30 b .
  • the rotation described above may be induced by a heat setting manufacturing step (e.g., in nitinol processing) to twist the strut or plastically deforming the strut without heat setting (e.g., for materials such as stainless steel).
  • the strut members 17 (including the fixation members 16 ) may be “heat set” into the configuration shown in FIG. 5 (e.g., after having been twisted 90 degrees such that the fixation members 16 extend radially away from the longitudinal axis).
  • Heat setting the strut members 17 may permit the strut members 17 to shift between the configuration shown in FIG. 4 (e.g., the configuration in which the fixation members 16 are positioned in a circumferential direction) and the configuration shown in FIG. 5 (e.g., the configuration of the struts 17 after having been twisted 90 degrees such that the fixation members 16 extend radially away from the longitudinal axis).
  • the struts 117 a and 117 b and corresponding fixation members 116 a and 116 b are laser cut such that the fixation members 116 a and 116 b may nest (e.g., interdigitate) with one another. It can be appreciated that this pattern may permit the expandable framework 16 to be formed (e.g., laser cut) from a tubular member having a diameter (and corresponding surface area) which is less than that of the tubular member shown in FIG. 4 because the fixation members 116 a and 116 b may be able to be nested closer together.
  • each of the first strut 117 a and the second strut 117 b may be rotated such that the fixation members 116 a and 116 b extend radially away from the longitudinal axis (as described above with respect to FIG. 5 ).
  • the strut member 117 a and the strut member 117 b may have to be rotated in opposite directions, respectively, to achieve the expanded configuration of the expendable member shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 7 illustrates another example of the expandable framework 12 in an unexpanded configuration after having been laser cut from a unitary member (e.g., a tubular member), but prior to being expanded to the configuration shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the expandable framework 12 may include a plurality of strut members 217 positioned adjacent to one another.
  • FIG. 7 shows the struts 217 positioned in a circumferential direction after having been laser cut from a tubular member (similar to the configuration shown in FIG. 4 ).
  • each of the strut members 217 may include a curved region. Further, the curved region may include an apex portion 232 .
  • a fixation member 216 may be disposed along the apex portion 232 of the curved region of each of the struts 217 .
  • the struts 217 shown in FIG. 7 may be rotated similarly to the struts described above with respect to FIG. 5 .
  • the struts may be rotated 90 degrees such that the fixation members 216 extend radially away from the longitudinal axis of the expandable framework.
  • the curved region of the strut member 217 may project the fixation members 216 radially outward to a greater extent than if the strut members 217 did not include a curved region.
  • the materials that can be used for the various components of the occlusive implant 10 (and variations, systems or components thereof disclosed herein) and the various elements thereof disclosed herein may include those commonly associated with medical devices.
  • the following discussion makes reference to the occlusive implant 10 (and variations, systems or components disclosed herein). However, this is not intended to limit the devices and methods described herein, as the discussion may be applied to other elements, members, components, or devices disclosed herein.
  • the occlusive implant 10 may be made from a metal, metal alloy, polymer (some examples of which are disclosed below), a metal-polymer composite, ceramics, combinations thereof, and the like, or other suitable material.
  • suitable metals and metal alloys include stainless steel, such as 444V, 444L, and 314LV stainless steel; mild steel; nickel-titanium alloy such as linear-elastic and/or super-elastic nitinol; other nickel alloys such as nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys (e.g., UNS: N06625 such as INCONEL® 625, UNS: N06022 such as HASTELLOY® C-22®, UNS: N10276 such as HASTELLOY® C276®, other HASTELLOY® alloys, and the like), nickel-copper alloys (e.g., UNS: N04400 such as MONEL® 400, NICKELVAC® 400, NICORROS® 400, and the like), nickel-cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys (e.g., UNS: R44035 such as MP35-N® and the like), nickel-molybdenum alloys (e.g.,
  • linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nitinol may be distinguished from super elastic nitinol in that the linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nitinol does not display a substantial “superelastic plateau” or “flag region” in its stress/strain curve like super elastic nitinol does.
  • linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nitinol as recoverable strain increases, the stress continues to increase in a substantially linear, or a somewhat, but not necessarily entirely linear relationship until plastic deformation begins or at least in a relationship that is more linear than the super elastic plateau and/or flag region that may be seen with super elastic nitinol.
  • linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nitinol may also be termed “substantially” linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nitinol.
  • linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nitinol may also be distinguishable from super elastic nitinol in that linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nitinol may accept up to about 2-5% strain while remaining substantially elastic (e.g., before plastically deforming) whereas super elastic nitinol may accept up to about 8% strain before plastically deforming. Both of these materials can be distinguished from other linear elastic materials such as stainless steel (that can also be distinguished based on its composition), which may accept only about 0.2 to 0.44 percent strain before plastically deforming.
  • the linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nickel-titanium alloy is an alloy that does not show any martensite/austenite phase changes that are detectable by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic metal thermal analysis (DMTA) analysis over a large temperature range.
  • DSC differential scanning calorimetry
  • DMTA dynamic metal thermal analysis
  • the mechanical bending properties of such material may therefore be generally inert to the effect of temperature over this very broad range of temperature.
  • the mechanical bending properties of the linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nickel-titanium alloy at ambient or room temperature are substantially the same as the mechanical properties at body temperature, for example, in that they do not display a super-elastic plateau and/or flag region.
  • the linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nickel-titanium alloy maintains its linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic characteristics and/or properties.
  • the linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nickel-titanium alloy may be in the range of about 50 to about 60 weight percent nickel, with the remainder being essentially titanium. In some embodiments, the composition is in the range of about 54 to about 57 weight percent nickel.
  • a suitable nickel-titanium alloy is FHP-NT alloy commercially available from Furukawa Techno Material Co. of Kanagawa, Japan. Other suitable materials may include ULTANIUMTM (available from Neo-Metrics) and GUM METALTM (available from Toyota).
  • a superelastic alloy for example a superelastic nitinol can be used to achieve desired properties.
  • portions or all of the occlusive implant 10 may also be doped with, made of, or otherwise include a radiopaque material.
  • Radiopaque materials are understood to be materials capable of producing a relatively bright image on a fluoroscopy screen or another imaging technique during a medical procedure. This relatively bright image aids a user in determining the location of the occlusive implant 10 (and variations, systems or components thereof disclosed herein).
  • Some examples of radiopaque materials can include, but are not limited to, gold, platinum, palladium, tantalum, tungsten alloy, polymer material loaded with a radiopaque filler, and the like. Additionally, other radiopaque marker bands and/or coils may also be incorporated into the design of the occlusive implant 10 (and variations, systems or components thereof disclosed herein) to achieve the same result.
  • a degree of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MM) compatibility is imparted into the occlusive implant 10 (and variations, systems or components thereof disclosed herein).
  • the occlusive implant 10 (and variations, systems or components thereof disclosed herein) and/or components or portions thereof may be made of a material that does not substantially distort the image and create substantial artifacts (e.g., gaps in the image). Certain ferromagnetic materials, for example, may not be suitable because they may create artifacts in an MRI image.
  • the occlusive implant 10 (and variations, systems or components disclosed herein) or portions thereof may also be made from a material that the MRI machine can image.
  • Some materials that exhibit these characteristics include, for example, tungsten, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys (e.g., UNS: R44003 such as ELGILOY®, PHYNOX®, and the like), nickel-cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys (e.g., UNS: R44035 such as MP35-N® and the like), nitinol, and the like, and others.
  • cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys e.g., UNS: R44003 such as ELGILOY®, PHYNOX®, and the like
  • nickel-cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys e.g., UNS: R44035 such as MP35-N® and the like
  • nitinol and the like, and others.
  • the occlusive implant 10 may be made from or include a polymer or other suitable material.
  • suitable polymers may include copolymers, polyisobutylene-polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), polyoxymethylene (POM, for example, DELRIN® available from DuPont), polyether block ester, polyurethane (for example, Polyurethane 85 A), polypropylene (PP), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polyether-ester (for example, ARNITEL® available from DSM Engineering Plastics), ether or ester based copolymers (for example, butylene/poly(alkylene ether) phthalate and/or other polyester elastomers such as HYTREL® available from DuPont), polyamide (for example, DURET
  • the occlusive implant 10 may include a textile material.
  • suitable textile materials may include synthetic yarns that may be flat, shaped, twisted, textured, pre-shrunk or un-shrunk.
  • Synthetic biocompatible yarns suitable for use in the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, polyesters, including polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polyesters, polypropylenes, polyethylenes, polyurethanes, polyolefins, polyvinyls, polymethylacetates, polyamides, naphthalene dicarboxylene derivatives, natural silk, and polytetrafluoroethylenes.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the synthetic yarns may be a metallic yarn or a glass or ceramic yarn or fiber.
  • Useful metallic yarns include those yarns made from or containing stainless steel, platinum, gold, titanium, tantalum or a Ni—Co—Cr-based alloy.
  • the yarns may further include carbon, glass or ceramic fibers.
  • the yarns are made from thermoplastic materials including, but not limited to, polyesters, polypropylenes, polyethylenes, polyurethanes, polynaphthalenes, polytetrafluoroethylenes, and the like.
  • the yarns may be of the multifilament, monofilament, or spun-types.
  • the type and denier of the yarn chosen may be selected in a manner which forms a biocompatible and implantable prosthesis and, more particularly, a vascular structure having desirable properties.
  • the occlusive implant 10 may include and/or be treated with a suitable therapeutic agent.
  • suitable therapeutic agents may include anti-thrombogenic agents (such as heparin, heparin derivatives, urokinase, and PPack (dextrophenylalanine proline arginine chloromethylketone)); anti-proliferative agents (such as enoxaparin, angiopeptin, monoclonal antibodies capable of blocking smooth muscle cell proliferation, hirudin, and acetylsalicylic acid); anti-inflammatory agents (such as dexamethasone, prednisolone, corticosterone, budesonide, estrogen, sulfasalazine, and mesalamine); antineoplastic/antiproliferative/anti-mitotic agents (such as paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, vinblastine, vincristine, epot
  • an occlusive implant for use in the left atrial appendage of the heart
  • the aforementioned features may also be useful in other types of medical implants where a fabric or membrane is attached to a frame or support structure including, but not limited to, implants for the treatment of aneurysms (e.g., abdominal aortic aneurysms, thoracic aortic aneurysms, etc.), replacement valve implants (e.g., replacement heart valve implants, replacement aortic valve implants, replacement mitral valve implants, replacement vascular valve implants, etc.), and/or other types of occlusive devices (e.g., atrial septal occluders, cerebral aneurysm occluders, peripheral artery occluders, etc.).
  • aneurysms e.g., abdominal aortic aneurysms, thoracic aortic aneurysms, etc.
  • replacement valve implants e.g., replacement heart valve implants, replacement

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Reproductive Health (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
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US11464518B2 (en) 2008-05-01 2022-10-11 Aneuclose Llc Proximal concave neck bridge with central lumen and distal net for occluding cerebral aneurysms
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US11992220B2 (en) 2024-05-28
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US20190298380A1 (en) 2019-10-03
US20240041462A1 (en) 2024-02-08
EP3773250A1 (de) 2021-02-17

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