US1111488A - Scouring agent. - Google Patents

Description

HEINRICH ocxnnivrnrnt; or GROSS-JENA, NEAR NAUMBURG-ON-THE-SAALE,

GERMANY.

SCOURING AGENT.

No Drawing.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 22, 1914.

Application filed December 15,1913. Serial No. 806,814.

To all whom it may concern:

.Be it known that I, HEINRICH OoKnL- MANN, a citizen of the German Empire, and

residing at Gross-Jena, near Naumburg-on the-Saale, Germany, have invented certaln new. and useful Improvements 1n Scouring Agents, of which the following is a specification.

My lnventlon relates to a scourmg agent in the form of a paste or of a powder or bleaching powder. The said agent is pri marily intended for removing spots or blemishes, e. g. from textile fabrics.

I have found that, in the case of liquid scourin agents which contain caustic or other aIkalis, the addition of a solution of sugar produces a protective action, 71. e. an

action which eliminates the action of the ing agents are rightly chosen, the admixture of sugar causes an important enhancement in the cleansing or scouring action without the alkalis contained in the soap, i. e. inthe washing agent, attacking the fabric either in respect to its fibers or to its coloring.

As is already known, sugar has been added to soaps, the object of this sugar being, in one instance, simply to serve the function of a loading material. On the other hand, as is already known, sugar has been added in order to neutralize the action of the alkalis. In contradistinction to these known methods, I add a quantity of sugar which is many times greater than the quantity of alkali as possible. It has been found on the other hand that the admixture of very large quantltles of sugar to soap gives rise to dithculties inasmuch as with such a large admlxture the product crumbles and obtains such a consistency that the soap is rendered unfit for use. I have found, however, that I can give to my soap a very considerable quantity of sugar and consequently can give a somewhat considerable percentage of caustic potash by adding to the mixture either alcohol or a material analogous thereto such as the oxidation products of alcohols. Even the addition of a comparatively small percentage of alcohol yields the desired beneficial action. Moreover the alcohol negatives the sticky efli'ect of the sugar. Finally I have found that if I reduce the percentage of fatty acids, or soaps as far as possible or if exclude the fatty acids entirely, then, owlng to the correspondingly large ad mixture of sugar, I can obtain a cleansing or a bleaching material which has the form of a powder or of a paste and to which soap or soda can be added according to requirernent. The soap which I produce has an exceptional property in that it can be used with sea-water.

In carrying out my invention I preferably employ the following mixtures:

'1. In the case of a soap of the first kind described: 40% fatty.acids, 10% caustic potash (or alkali), 25% sugar or analogous materials, 25% water. The percentage of the constituents of the mixture may be chosen to be somewhat different from the above. Instead of caustic potash, caustic soda may be employed. It would be taken for granted, however, that the percentage admixture of sugar is many times greater than the percentage of alkali. The materials analogous to sugar may consist of starch, syrup, molasses or the like.

2. When the percentage of sugar is increased owing to an admixture of alcohol: 2000 g. sugar, or analogous materials, 2000 g. grain-soap, 80 g. caustic potash, 120 g. alcohol or analogous materials; or 1500 grain-soap, 500g. sugar, or analogous materials, 19 g. caustic potash, 30 g. alcohol or analogous materials.

3. When it is desired to make a cleansing, washing, or bleaching agent in the form of a powder or paste: 4% caustic potash,

80-83% sugar or analogous materials, 1214% alcohol or analogous materials.

When employing caustic soda I prefer the following mixture: 3% caustic soda, 8487 sugar or analogous materials, 12% alcohol or analogous materials. The latter mixture may however comprise an admixture of soda or soap in desired proportions, because the Washing or bleaching agent in the said mixture will not froth or lather without such an admixture; on the other hand, the for= mation of froth or lather is in practice required of a Washing agent.

I claim 1. A detergent comprising sugar, caustic alkali and alcohol, the sugar being largely in excess of the alcohol, and the product being a dry, granular substance.

2. A detergent comprising sugar, caustic alkali and alcohol, the quantity of sugar being in excess. of the quantity of alcohol and of alkali, the product being a dry, granular material.

3. A detergent comprising sugar, caustic alkali and alcohol, the sugar being in excess of the combined quantities of alcohol and alkali, the product being a dry granular material. 1

4. A detergent comprising sugar, caustic alkali, alcohol and a soap addition, the product being a dry'powder. i I

"5. A detergent, comprising sugar, caustic Falkali, soap and alcohol, the sugar content P of the detergentbeing a multiple of the combined content of alkali'and alcohol. In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature Fin the presence of two witnesses.

HEINRICH OOKELMANN;

Witnesses I I RUDOLPH FRICKE,

N. R. SNYDER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents; each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). C.