US1033868A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

T. BODDE.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 20, 1911.

Patented July 30, 1912.

INVENTOR BY 9 G Aw 7 WITNESSES 21* MW 2 i i A TTORNE Y COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH C0,, wmnma'ron, n. c.

THEODORE BODDE, OF NOBTI-IFIELD, VERMONT;

STEAM-TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 30, 1912.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, THEODORE BoDDE, a subject of the Queen of the Netherlands, residing in Northfield, county of WVashington, in the State of Vermont, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Steam-Turbines, of which the following is a true and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

My present invention relates to steam turbines and consists in part in a novel and effective arrangement for magnetically supporting a turbine element rotating about a vertical axis, and in part in a novel modification of a turbine of the reaction wheel type especially adapted for laboratory clemonstrations.

The various features of novelty which characterize my invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification.

For a better understanding of the invention,

however, and the advantages possessed by it reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I have illustrated and described ,forms of apparatus embodying my invention.

Of the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of one form of turbine embodying my present invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of a- I construction shown in Figs. 2 and 4, B, represents a base member to which the legs of an arch-shaped permanent magnet A is connected. The magnet A is so magnetized that one of the poles of the magnet is at the center of the arch while the bottom ends of the two legs of the magnet are each of the same polarity as the other and opposite in polarity to the center of the arch. The magnet A is formed at the top of the arch with an aperture A terminating at its upper end in a spherical seat A for a ball G. The ball G is connected to and supports the polepiece member F. The member F and advantageously also the ball G and the connecting neck are formed of magnetic material and form in effect a polar extension of the magnet A. Advantageously as shown the member F is in the form of an inverted cone having a rounded lower end F.

The rotating turbine element is of the type of Heros reaction wheel, and comprises a tubular member or barrel D advantageously formed of copper or brass, and closed at its upper end by a cap member E of magnetic material. I The latter is advantageously made of conical shape with its point E rounded like the member F. The barrel D is partially filled with water and has orifice arms formed by the ends of a tube 1 passing diametrically through the barrel D adjacent the upper end of the latter, to which it is rigidly secured as by brazing. The tube I is provided with an orifice 1 at its center and is provided at each end with an orifice 1 opening horizontally at right angles to the tube, and the two orifices I pointing in opposite directions. Themagnet A is made of such strength and the parts are so proportioned that the magnetic attraction between the polar portion F and the magnetic body E, which forms in effect an armature for the magnet A, is suflicient to sustain the weight of the body E and barrel D and tube I.

When steam is generated within the barrel D as by the heat of a burner, such as an alcohol lamp Z, placed on the base B, the steam discharged through the ports I will set the barrel D into rotation. Since the pressure between the polar portion F and the magnetic body E is equal to the difference between the magnetic attractive force acting between these bodies and the weight of body E, barrel D and tube 1, the frictional resistance to the rotative movement rigid and the armature E be rigidly connected to the rotating turbine element any slight lateral displacement of the armature with respect to the pole-piece results in causing the turbine element to break the magnetic suspension when rotated at high speed. WVhen the polepiece and armature are given the capacity for relative adjustbine element has a self centering capacity. In such case on any slight lateral displacement of the points of contact of the pole piece and armature the former tends to rock into the position in which the point of con tact is in line with the rotating axis of the turbine element and the continued rotation of the latter tends to bring the parts back to the position in which the axes of the polepiece and armature member coincide. The rounded contact surfaces F and E obviously contribute to this self-centering capacity.

It is not essential, of course, that the pole-piece F from which the rotating element is suspended be energized by a permanent magnet, nor is it essential that the pole-piece be adjustably mounted in order to give the desired self-centering capacity. The latter may be obtained by making the armature member adjustable with respect to the rotating turbine element, and in Fig. 3

I have shown a construction in which the pole-piece from which the turbine element is magnetically suspended is rigidly secured in place, and forms a part of an electromagnet, and in which the armature cooperati-ng with the pole-piece is non-rigidly connected to the rotating turbine element, although it will be understood that these two features are not necessarily employed together. In Fig. 3, the permanent magnet A of Fig. 1 is replaced by an arc-shaped support AA to the top of which is secured an electro-magnet J provided with a pole piece J which differs from the pole piece F of Fig. 1 mainly in the fact that it is rigidly connected to its support. The armature element EA of Fig. 3 is of conical shape like the armature E of Fig. 1, but

unlike the latter is not rigidly connected to the barrel D of the turbine element. this construction the upper end of the barrel D is closed by a cap, member DA and the members EA and DA are connected by a flexible wire or other filamentary member K which causes the armature EA to rotate with the turbine element, but permits the turbine element to rotate about its own axis.

and at the same time permits the armature element EA to adjust itself with respect to:

bodied in the present invention are capable of use in apparatus of a size and character adapted for ordinary commercial purposes. ment referred to, however, the rotating tur- While in accordance with the provisions of the statutes 1 have illustrated and described the best forms of my invention now known to me, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the form of the apparatus disclosed without dea parting from the spirit of my invention, and

that under some conditions, certain features of my invention may be used with advantage without a corresponding use of other features.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: v

l. The combination with a steam turbine element rotating about a vertical axis and having a magnetic body secured to its upper end, of a magnet having a polar portion against which said body is held by the magnetic attraction between said body and said polar portion.

2. The combination with a steam turbine element rotating about a vertical axis and having a magnetic body of conical form and withrounded apex secured to its upper end, of a magnet having a polar portion in the form of an inverted cone with a rounded apex, said body being held against said polar portion by the magnetic attraction between them.

3. The combination with a steam turbine element rotating about a vertical axis and having a magnetic body secured to its upper end, of a magnet secured thereto, a polar body, said first mentioned body being 'the part to which it is secured to give said bodies a capacity for relative adjustment whereby the turbine element is given a selfcentering capacity.

4. The combination with a steam turbine element rotating about a vertical axis and having a magnetic body-of conical form and with a rounded apex secured to its upper end, of a magnet having secured thereto a polar body in the form of an inverted cone with a rounded apex, said first mensecured to give said bodies a capacity for relative adjustment whereby the turbine element is given a self-centering capacity.

5. The combination of a magnet having a polar portion, a Hero reaction wheel provided with a magnetic body at its upper end which is held against said polar portion by the magnetic attraction between the latter and said body.

6. The combination of a stand, a magnet distance sufiicient to permit of the interpo supported thereby and having a polar porsition of a burner for heating the reaction 10 tion located above said stand, a Hero reac- Wheel.

tion Wheel provided With a magnetic body at its upper end Which is held against said THEODORE BODDE polar portion by the magnetic attraction be- Witnesses:

tween the latter and said body, said reac- G. MAX SANBORN,

tion Wheel being separated from said base a W. A. MoINTosH.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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