US10202043B2 - Structure to optimize electricity generation in a vehicle - Google Patents

Structure to optimize electricity generation in a vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
US10202043B2
US10202043B2 US15/131,565 US201615131565A US10202043B2 US 10202043 B2 US10202043 B2 US 10202043B2 US 201615131565 A US201615131565 A US 201615131565A US 10202043 B2 US10202043 B2 US 10202043B2
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vehicle
storage device
power
converter
optimization system
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US15/131,565
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US20170297436A1 (en
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Alexander Charles Kurple
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Assigned to FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, LLC reassignment FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, LLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KURPLE, ALEXANDER CHARLES
Priority to DE102017107778.2A priority patent/DE102017107778A1/de
Priority to CN201710240037.5A priority patent/CN107303804B/zh
Priority to MX2017004960A priority patent/MX2017004960A/es
Priority to RU2017113093A priority patent/RU2017113093A/ru
Priority to GB1706085.6A priority patent/GB2551616A/en
Publication of US20170297436A1 publication Critical patent/US20170297436A1/en
Publication of US10202043B2 publication Critical patent/US10202043B2/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60L11/02—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/02—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits
    • B60L11/005—
    • B60L11/12—
    • B60L11/1811—
    • B60L11/1861—
    • B60L11/1868—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/15—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with additional electric power supply
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
    • B60R16/0231—Circuits relating to the driving or the functioning of the vehicle
    • B60R16/0232—Circuits relating to the driving or the functioning of the vehicle for measuring vehicle parameters and indicating critical, abnormal or dangerous conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H02J1/102—Parallel operation of dc sources being switching converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1453—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to a system and method for optimizing the electricity generation in a vehicle by utilizing a unique electrical structure with increased number of voltage set points that monitors and manages the temperature of the vehicle engine and other vehicle components to increase their efficiency.
  • the electricity generation in vehicles is constrained by the temperature limits of various components such as the alternator and battery. These constraints lower the efficiency of the components and reduce efficiency in electricity generation and distribution. For example, the efficiency of the engine decreases while it warms up in the vehicle.
  • the electricity management system includes a generator connected to a high-power storage device, such as a battery or a capacitor, and a DC-DC converter which includes multiple voltage set-points.
  • the voltage set-points are used to connect multiple loads requiring different voltage values.
  • a high energy storage device is also connected to the converter for providing energy to the various loads.
  • the DC-DC converter further includes a temperature control module for monitoring and controlling the temperature of various components of the vehicle.
  • the control unit is in communication with the vehicle heating and cooling system and is able to provide heat and/or cooling to any components as needed to maintain an optimal temperature for efficient electricity management.
  • Such a configuration provides an optimized electricity generation system for the vehicle.
  • FIG. 1A illustrates a block diagram including components of one embodiment of the electricity optimization system of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1B illustrates a block diagram including components of a DC-DC converter of one embodiment of the electricity optimization system of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram including components of one embodiment of a vehicle control system including the electricity optimization system of the present disclosure.
  • various embodiments of the present disclosure provide a system and method for optimizing electricity generation by utilizing multiple voltage set points to operate vehicle components at the optimum voltage level based on their loads and to set monitor and regulate the temperature for operation of each component.
  • the electricity optimization system of the present disclosure provides the optimal voltage for each component without the use of any step-up or step-down mechanisms.
  • the DC-DC converter is a more efficient source for controlling the power output for each component.
  • the DC-DC converter can send the optimal voltage directly to each component through the voltage set points.
  • the DC-DC converter may be configured to determine the optimal power output for the generator. More specifically, rather than the generator being configured to output a default voltage and current, the DC-DC converter may determine that for a certain system the optimal output may be higher or lower, so that the power can be more efficiently output to each of the components. Such a configuration enables the electricity optimization system to efficiently power the various components of the vehicle.
  • the electricity optimization system and method includes increasing the number of voltage set points in the vehicle to maximize efficiency of power usage.
  • the voltage set points provide an optimized voltage level at which the connected component should operate.
  • Increasing the number of voltage set points in the vehicle provides optimized voltage level for a plurality of components and enables the electricity management system to distribute power so as to operate each component in the most power efficient manner.
  • the electricity optimization system 100 includes a generator 102 , a high power storage device 104 , a DC-DC converter 106 with multiple voltage set points 108 a , 108 b , 108 c , 108 d , and a high energy storage device 110 .
  • the generator 102 produces power for various loads within the vehicle.
  • a load refers to a system or a component within the vehicle that draws current.
  • a vehicle includes various high power loads 114 , and lower power loads 116 .
  • this generator 102 may be an alternator, or a solar panel, or another machine that produces electricity.
  • the generator may also operate in reverse as a motor to start the engine or move the vehicle.
  • a standard 12 volt electrical structure of the vehicle is replaced with a generator 102 operating at 19 volts.
  • the generator 102 is connected to high power storage device 104 .
  • the high power storage device 104 receives and stores the voltage output of the generator and regulates the output voltage from the generator 102 so as to removes any transients in the generation of the vehicle.
  • this high power storage device 104 is a battery.
  • the high power storage device 104 is a capacitor.
  • the high power storage device 104 is capable of receiving up to 20 volts.
  • the high power storage device 104 is connected to various controllers 112 that connect the high power loads 114 of the vehicle to the high power storage device 104 . Through these controllers 112 , the high power storage device 104 provides high voltage power to the high power loads 114 .
  • high power loads 114 such as electrical compressors, electrical heaters, power steering systems and electrical pumps require high power outputs from the high power storage device 104 .
  • the high power storage device 104 may also be used to power various components within the vehicle that do not require high power. More specifically, in this example embodiment, the high power storage device 104 is also connected to a DC-DC converter 106 .
  • a DC-DC converter 106 may be used for converting a high voltage from a high voltage power source 104 to a low voltage for other vehicle components, such as the lower power loads 116 . In this example embodiment, the voltage from the high power storage device 104 is distributed to the lower power loads 116 for such vehicle components via a DC-DC converter 106 .
  • the DC-DC converter includes multiple voltage set points 108 a , 108 b , 108 c , 108 d in the vehicle.
  • the electricity optimization system 100 optimizes the distribution of power to these lower power components 116 .
  • the DC-DC converter 106 is connected to various load 116 in the vehicle and the DC-DC converter 106 includes various voltage set points 108 for each component. Each voltage set point 108 is set at the optimal voltage for the component.
  • the DC-DC converter 106 includes a controller 120 to power the individual loads at the most efficient voltage in the vehicle. More specifically, FIG. 1B illustrates an expanded block diagram of the DC-DC converter 106 . As illustrated in FIG. 1B , the DC-DC converter 106 includes a controller 120 including at least one processor 122 in communication with a main memory 124 that stores a set of instructions 126 . The processor 122 is configured to communicate with the main memory 124 , access the set of instructions 126 , and execute the set of instructions 126 to cause the DC-DC converter to perform any of the methods, processes, and features described herein.
  • the processor 122 may be any suitable processing device or set of processing devices such as, but not limited to: a microprocessor, a microcontroller-based platform, a suitable integrated circuit, or one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs).
  • the main memory 124 may be any suitable memory device such as, but not limited to: volatile memory (e.g., RAM, which can include non-volatile RAM, magnetic RAM, ferroelectric RAM, and any other suitable forms); non-volatile memory (e.g., disk memory, FLASH memory, EPROMs, EEPROMs, memristor-based non-volatile solid-state memory, etc.); unalterable memory (e.g., EPROMs); or read-only memory.
  • volatile memory e.g., RAM, which can include non-volatile RAM, magnetic RAM, ferroelectric RAM, and any other suitable forms
  • non-volatile memory e.g., disk memory, FLASH memory, EPROMs, EEPROMs, memristor-based non-
  • the processor 122 is configured to communicate with the memory 124 , access the set of instructions 126 , and execute the set of instructions 126 to cause the DC-DC converter to determine and power the individual loads at the most efficient voltage.
  • the memory 124 stores information regarding the optimal voltage for various components of the vehicle, and the memory 124 stores instructions 126 for controlling the power to each of the components to maximize efficiency and optimize power distribution.
  • the DC-DC converter 106 of the electricity optimization system 100 includes a plurality of voltage set points that power individual loads of the vehicle.
  • the DC-DC converter 106 receives commands from a vehicle control system (such as the vehicle control system 200 described in connection with FIG. 2 below) to power various components within the vehicle.
  • the controller 120 of the DC-DC converter registers the commands from the vehicle control system and the controller 120 provides power at the optimal voltage level to the appropriate vehicular system and/or component.
  • the DC-DC converter 106 is also connected to the high energy storage device 110 of the vehicle.
  • the high energy source 110 may be a capacitor or a battery in the vehicle.
  • the DC-DC converter may draw power from both.
  • the DC-DC converter 106 also recharges the high power storage device when necessary for the operation. More specifically, in certain embodiments, the high power storage device 104 and the high energy storage device 110 are configured to charge and/or discharge one another. Both the high power storage device 104 and the high energy storage device may be capacitors or batteries, which are configured to charge up, store power, discharge power, etc. However, in certain embodiments, the high power storage device 104 is a more expensive, often larger device, than the high energy storage device 110 . The high power storage device 104 is not intended to hold and maintain a charge because that would be expensive and wasteful. As such, in certain embodiments, it is more cost effective and efficient, for the high power storage device 104 to take power from the high energy storage 110 to recharge the high power storage device 104 at a minimum operating load.
  • the engine draws power from the high power storage device 104 .
  • the high energy storage device 110 charges the high power storage device 104 to provide the power needed for starting the vehicle.
  • existing diesel truck starting systems include two lead acid batteries to provide sufficient power to start the truck. One of the batteries is utilized to charge the other battery to ensure that there is sufficient power to start the truck. After starting, this second battery is not utilized for any other purpose.
  • the electricity optimization system 100 provides the high energy storage device 110 , which charges the high power storage device 104 with sufficient power to start the truck. In this example, after starting the vehicle, the high power storage device 104 continues to power other high power loads.
  • the electricity optimization system 100 operates in reverse. More specifically, in certain embodiments, the high power storage device 104 charges the high energy storage device for certain operations.
  • One example is for regenerative braking. In this example, as the vehicle is slowing down, the vehicle should capture as much energy as possible. In this example embodiment, the high power storage device 104 would capture as much energy as possible and then discharge the excess into the high energy storage device 110 so that the high power storage device 104 may continue to charge and manage the load from the brake system.
  • the high power storage device 104 may be a large capacitor, or a battery such as a lithium ion battery a lead acid battery that is modified with thinner plates designed for its specific use.
  • the high energy storage device 110 may be a smaller capacitor, or a battery such as a lead acid battery or a lithium ion battery modified with thicker plates optimized for the energy storage device. Such a configuration provides a more efficient distribution of power and management of electricity.
  • the DC-DC converter 106 of the electricity optimization system 100 also optimizes the electricity generation of a vehicle by monitoring and managing the temperature of each of the components affected by the temperature in their operation. More specifically, in this embodiment, the electricity generation optimization system 100 is further configured to manage the temperature of the components within a vehicle by controlling a heater (not shown) and air-conditioner (not shown) of the vehicle. In this embodiment, the DC-DC converter 106 includes a temperature control module 130 .
  • the temperature control module 130 is in communication with the controller 120 of the DC-DC converter 106 .
  • the DC-DC converter 106 includes a controller 120 configured to turn on heaters and vents to control the temperature inside the vehicle, batteries within the vehicle, capacitors, the engine, and other components to improve operation of the vehicle by managing the temperature of the component.
  • the temperature control module 130 includes one or more sensors 132 for monitoring the temperature of various components in the vehicle.
  • the temperature control module 130 further includes a heat output 134 and an AC output 136 .
  • the electricity optimization system 100 utilizes the sensors 132 to detect the temperature of various components within the vehicle and register the temperature information with the controller 120 .
  • the controller 120 causes the processor 122 to execute the plurality of instructions 126 in the memory 124 to reduce the temperature of the components within a vehicle by controlling air-conditioner (not shown) of the vehicle.
  • the controller 120 causes the processor 122 to execute the plurality of instructions 126 in the memory 124 to warm up the temperature of certain components within the vehicle by controlling a heater (not shown) of the vehicle.
  • the DC-DC converter 106 distributes power from the high power storage device 104 and the high energy device 110 to manage the temperature of the various vehicular components. More specifically, in one embodiment, the DC-DC converter 106 controller 120 causes the processor 122 to execute a plurality of instructions 126 stored in the memory 124 to calculate the energy available in the high power storage device 104 and the high energy storage device 110 . In this embodiment, the DC-DC converter may determine, at the end of each cycle, the required power to charge the high power storage device for the next cycle. The DC-DC converter 106 takes the calculation of the available energy from the two sources and uses part of the energy to start the engine and sends the other energy to warm the vehicle, battery, or engine to improve the performance of the vehicle. The heat from the DC-DC converter 106 and the generator 102 can be sent to the rest of the vehicle to cool the components in the DC-DC converter 106 and improve the operation.
  • the electricity optimization system is redistributing the heat produced while charging and/or starting the system to various vehicular components to increase their performance.
  • the system may be set to include other energy generators including hydraulic pumps, air compressors, water pumps, or the systems generating energy and storing it to power loads in the vehicle or building. More specifically, the embodiments described above related to management of electrical energy produced by the generator. In certain alternative embodiments, a similar system including a high cost high power storage device and a low cost high energy storage device and a converter may be utilized to manage and optimize other types of generation. In certain embodiments, the generator may also work as a motor to propel the vehicle if needed.
  • the electricity optimization system of the present disclosure may also be utilized for electricity management within other devices not related to a vehicle, and/or with building electricity management.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates one example embodiment of a vehicle control system (VCS) 200 for operating the electricity optimization system 208 of the present disclosure.
  • VCS vehicle control system
  • the VCS 200 includes various electronic control units (ECUs) that are responsible for monitoring and controlling the electrical systems or subsystems of the vehicle, as described in more detail below.
  • ECU electronice control units
  • Each ECU includes various components that are require electrical power in order to operate.
  • This example embodiment of a VCS 200 includes one example embodiment of the Electricity Optimization System (EOS) 208 of the present disclosure.
  • EOS Electricity Optimization System
  • Other embodiments of the EOS 208 may include different, fewer, or additional components than those described below and shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the VCS 200 can include a data processor 202 in communication with and a memory 204 (also referred to herein as a data storage device) and a vehicle data bus 206 .
  • the memory 204 stores a set of instructions.
  • the processor 202 is configured to communicate with the memory 204 , access the set of instructions, and execute the set of instructions to cause the electricity optimization system to perform any of the methods, processes, and features described herein.
  • the processor 202 may be any suitable processing device or set of processing devices such as, but not limited to: a microprocessor, a microcontroller-based platform, a suitable integrated circuit, or one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs).
  • the memory 204 may be any suitable memory device such as, but not limited to: volatile memory (e.g., RAM, which can include non-volatile RAM, magnetic RAM, ferroelectric RAM, and any other suitable forms); non-volatile memory (e.g., disk memory, FLASH memory, EPROMs, EEPROMs, memristor-based non-volatile solid-state memory, etc.); unalterable memory (e.g., EPROMs); or read-only memory.
  • volatile memory e.g., RAM, which can include non-volatile RAM, magnetic RAM, ferroelectric RAM, and any other suitable forms
  • non-volatile memory e.g., disk memory, FLASH memory, EPROMs, EEPROMs, memristor-based non-vol
  • the VCS 200 can comprise a general purpose computer that is programmed with various programming instructions or modules stored in the data storage device 204 (e.g., electronic memory), or elsewhere.
  • the VCS 200 further includes various electronic control units (ECUs) that are responsible for monitoring and controlling the electrical systems or subsystems of the vehicle.
  • ECUs electronice control units
  • Each ECU may include, for example, one or more inputs and outputs for gathering, receiving, and/or transmitting data, a memory for storing the data, and a processor for processing the data and/or generating new information based thereon.
  • the ECUs of the VCS 200 include an electricity optimization system (EOS) 208 , a telematics control unit (TCM) 210 , a body control module (BCM) 212 , a human-machine interface (HMI) 214 , a power train control module (PCM) 216 , and various other ECUs 206 .
  • EOS electricity optimization system
  • TCM telematics control unit
  • BCM body control module
  • HMI human-machine interface
  • PCM power train control module
  • the ECUs of the VCS 200 can be interconnected by the vehicle bus 206 (such as, e.g., a controller area network (CAN) bus), which passes data to and from the various ECUs, as well as other vehicle and/or auxiliary components in communication with the VCS 200 .
  • the data processor 202 can communicate with any one of the ECUs and the data storage device 204 via the data bus 206 in order to carry out one or more functions, including the functions associated with methods described herein.
  • the electricity optimization system (EOS) 208 is an ECU configured to for controlling and monitoring electrical power distributed to various components of the vehicle, and for monitoring and controlling the temperature of the various components of the vehicle.
  • the EOS 208 is the system 100 described in connection with FIG. 1 .
  • the EOS 208 includes a processor 220 in communication with a memory 222 storing a plurality of instructions 224 , similar to the processor 202 and memory 204 of the vehicle control system 200 as described above.
  • This processor 220 and memory 204 may be included within a DC-DC converter such as the DC-DC converter 106 of the EOS system 100 in connection with FIG. 1 , which includes a processor 122 and memory 124 .
  • the EOS 208 is a separate, stand-alone ECU that is interconnected to the BCM 212 , PCM 216 , TCU 210 , and other ECUs of the vehicle via the vehicle bus 206 in order to carry out the electricity optimization operations. More specifically, the EOS 208 converts a source of direct current (DC) from one voltage level to a lower voltage level and distributes power to various components in the VCS 200 . For example, the EOS 208 may receive commands from the VCS processor 202 to provide power for a certain component. The EOS 208 processes the commands to identify the appropriate ECU for carrying out the command, and provides the appropriate level of power to the appropriate component of the appropriate ECU.
  • DC direct current
  • the EOS 208 may be comprised of multiple segments that are incorporated into various ECUs of the VCS 200 , such as, for example, the BCM 212 , the PCM 216 , and/or the TCU 210 , to process the EOS commands (such as to power certain components received at each ECU.
  • the EOS 208 may be included within one ECU, such as, e.g., the TCU 210 , in order to power components of the TCU 210 .
  • the body control module (BCM) 212 is an ECU for controlling and monitoring various electronic accessories in a body of the vehicle.
  • the BCM 212 is an ECU that controls the doors of the vehicle including locking, unlocking, opening, and/or closing said doors.
  • the BCM 212 also controls the power windows, power roof (e.g., moon roof, sunroof, convertible top, etc.), and interior lighting of the vehicle.
  • the BCM 212 may also control other electronically-powered components in the body of the vehicle, such as, for example, air-conditioning units, power mirrors, and power seats.
  • the BCM 212 may be referred to as the door control unit (DCU), as will be appreciated.
  • the BCM 212 can be configured to implement commands received from the FSO 208 that are related to the doors, windows, or other body components controlled by the BCM 212 .
  • the power train control module (PCM) 216 is an ECU for controlling and monitoring the engine and transmission of the vehicle.
  • the PCM 216 can be separated into two separate ECUs, specifically an engine control unit and a transmission control unit. In either case, the PCM 216 can be configured to control starting and stopping of the engine of the vehicle, and may implement commands to start the engine received from the FSO 208 .
  • the telematics control unit (TCU) 210 is an ECU for enabling the vehicle to connect to various wireless networks, including, for example, ASDA, GPS, WiFi, cellular, Bluetooth, NFC, RFID, satellite, and/or infrared.
  • the TCU 210 (also referred to as a “vehicle telematics unit”) includes a wireless communication module 218 comprising one or more antennas, radios, modems, receivers, and/or transmitters (not shown) for connecting to the various wireless networks.
  • the wireless communication module 218 can include a mobile communication unit (not shown) for wirelessly communicating over a cellular network (e.g., GSM, GPRS, LTE, 3G, 4G, CDMA, etc.), an 802.11 network (e.g., WiFi), a WiMax network, and/or a satellite network.
  • the TCU 210 can also be configured to control tracking of the vehicle using latitude and longitude values obtained from a GPS satellite.
  • the wireless communication module 218 includes a Bluetooth or other short-range receiver (not shown) for receiving vehicle commands and/or data transmitted by the FSO 208 , and a Bluetooth or other short-range transmitter (not shown) for sending data to the FSO 208 .
  • the TCU 210 receives external data via the wireless communication module 218 and provides the external data to an appropriate ECU of the VCS 200 . For example, if the TCU 210 receives turn off exterior lights command from an operator, the TCU 210 sends the command to the BCM 212 via the vehicle bus 206 . Likewise, if the TCU 210 receives a start engine command, the TCU 210 sends the command to the PCM 216 via the vehicle bus 206 . In some embodiments, the TCU 210 also receives internal data from other ECUs of the VCS 200 and/or the data processor 202 , with instructions to transmit the internal data to the vehicle, or another component of the remote RKS characterization system of the present disclosure.
  • the human-machine interface (HMI) 214 can be an ECU for enabling operator interaction with the vehicle and for presenting vehicle information to the vehicle operator or driver.
  • the HMI 214 can comprise an instrument panel (IP), a media display screen, as well as one or more input devices and/or output devices for inputting, entering, receiving, capturing, displaying, or outputting data associated with the vehicle control system 200 , the method 100 shown in FIG. 1 or the techniques disclosed herein.
  • the HMI 214 can be configured to interact with the other ECUs of the VCS 200 and/or the data processor 202 via the data bus 206 in order to provide information or inputs received via the HMI 214 to an appropriate component of the VCS 200 and to present, to the vehicle operator or driver, information or outputs received from the various components of the VCS 200 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Charge By Means Of Generators (AREA)
US15/131,565 2016-04-18 2016-04-18 Structure to optimize electricity generation in a vehicle Active 2036-11-14 US10202043B2 (en)

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US15/131,565 US10202043B2 (en) 2016-04-18 2016-04-18 Structure to optimize electricity generation in a vehicle
DE102017107778.2A DE102017107778A1 (de) 2016-04-18 2017-04-11 Struktur zum Optimieren der Elektrizitätserzeugung in einem Fahrzeug
CN201710240037.5A CN107303804B (zh) 2016-04-18 2017-04-13 优化车辆中发电的结构
RU2017113093A RU2017113093A (ru) 2016-04-18 2017-04-17 Система оптимизации электроэнергии транспортного средства (варианты)
MX2017004960A MX2017004960A (es) 2016-04-18 2017-04-17 Estructura para optimizar la generacion de electricidad en un vehiculo.
GB1706085.6A GB2551616A (en) 2016-04-18 2017-04-18 Structure to optimize electricity generation in a vehicle

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CN107303804A (zh) 2017-10-31
US20170297436A1 (en) 2017-10-19
CN107303804B (zh) 2022-02-15
GB201706085D0 (en) 2017-05-31
DE102017107778A1 (de) 2017-10-19
RU2017113093A (ru) 2018-10-17
MX2017004960A (es) 2018-08-16

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