US10007040B2 - Display unit and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Display unit and electronic apparatus Download PDF

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US10007040B2
US10007040B2 US15/266,300 US201615266300A US10007040B2 US 10007040 B2 US10007040 B2 US 10007040B2 US 201615266300 A US201615266300 A US 201615266300A US 10007040 B2 US10007040 B2 US 10007040B2
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band
light
filter layer
light beams
color light
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US20170097452A1 (en
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Toshihiro Fukuda
Kaoru Abe
Hideki Kobayashi
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Magnolia Blue Corp
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Japan Display Inc
Joled Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/28—Interference filters
    • G02B5/285—Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
    • F21V33/0004—Personal or domestic articles
    • F21V33/0052—Audio or video equipment, e.g. televisions, telephones, cameras or computers; Remote control devices therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
    • F21V9/08—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters for producing coloured light, e.g. monochromatic; for reducing intensity of light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
    • F21V9/14—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters for producing polarised light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/205—Neutral density filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
    • H01L51/5262—
    • H01L51/5265—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K50/852—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising a resonant cavity structure, e.g. Bragg reflector pair
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/20—Electroluminescent [EL] light sources

Definitions

  • the disclosure relates to a display unit and an electronic apparatus that allow for color display using three primary colors.
  • display units that perform image display using three primary colors of Red, Green, and Blue (RGB) employ a system of mounting a color filter (CF) in order to expand a color reproduction range.
  • RGB Red, Green, and Blue
  • the color filter is configured by four types of materials, i.e., filter materials of respective colors R, G and B, and a black matrix material, for example; a pigment or a dye is used as the filter materials of the respective colors.
  • a pigment or a dye is used as the filter materials of the respective colors.
  • increased concentration causes the transmissivity to be lowered, although the color reproduction range is expanded.
  • the light leakage is recognized as color mixing and lowers the color reproduction range, thus affecting image quality. Accordingly, proper alignment is demanded.
  • a design in which the light leaking to an adjacent pixel satisfies a critical condition; such design includes decreased distance between a light-emitting section of a pixel and a color filter.
  • JP-A Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication
  • JP-A No. 2015-26560 enables expansion of the color reproduction range by enhancing the color purity, chromaticity easily changes depending on the change in a viewing angle, thus leaving a room for improvement in viewing angle characteristics.
  • a display unit includes a plurality of light-emitting sections and an optical filter.
  • the plurality of light-emitting sections emit the respective color light beams having colors different from one another.
  • the optical filter is disposed on light emission side of the plurality of light-emitting sections and transmits the color light beams while selectively removing a part of a wavelength band of the color light beams.
  • the optical filter includes a first filter layer and a second filter layer.
  • the first filter layer transmits a first band including a center wavelength out of the wavelength band of each of the color light beams, and removes a second band that is at least a part of a band other than the first band.
  • the second filter layer reduces transmissivity of a third band that is a part of the first band of at least one color light beam out of the color light beams.
  • An electronic apparatus includes a display unit according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the display unit includes a plurality of light-emitting sections and an optical filter.
  • the plurality of light-emitting sections emit the respective color light beams having colors different from one another.
  • the optical filter is disposed on light emission side of the plurality of light-emitting sections and transmits the color light beams while selectively removing a part of a wavelength band of the color light beams.
  • the optical filter includes a first filter layer and a second filter layer.
  • the first filter layer transmits a first band including a center wavelength out of the wavelength band of each of the color light beams, and removes a second band that is at least a part of a band other than the first band.
  • the second filter layer reduces transmissivity of a third band that is a part of the first band of at least one color light beam out of the color light beams.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a configuration of a display unit according to an example embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a configuration example of an interference filter illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a detailed configuration example of each of filter layers illustrated in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory schematic diagram of a viewing angle.
  • FIG. 5 is an explanatory schematic diagram of a preferred range of volume average refractive index.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory characteristic diagram of optical characteristics of the optical filter illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram illustrating spectral transmissivity of an unnecessary-light-removing filter layer illustrated in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 8 is a characteristic diagram illustrating spectral transmissivity at the time when a viewing-angle-correcting filter layer illustrated in FIG. 2 is combined, together with the spectral transmissivity of the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer illustrated in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 9 is a characteristic diagram illustrating change in chromaticity relative to a viewing angle in a comparative example (when the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer is disposed alone).
  • FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram illustrating change in chromaticity relative to a viewing angle when using the optical filter illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory chromaticity diagram of change in a color reproduction range.
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration example of a display unit.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an electronic apparatus.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another configuration example of a display unit.
  • FIG. 15 is schematic cross-sectional view of yet another configuration example of a display unit.
  • Example Embodiment (An example of a display unit provided with an optical filter including an unnecessary-light-removing filter layer and a viewing-angle-correcting filter layer)
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional configuration of a display unit 1 according to an example embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the display unit 1 includes a plurality of organic electroluminescence (EL) devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B on a drive substrate 11 .
  • the organic EL device 10 R includes on a first electrode 12 a red-light-emitting layer 13 R and a second electrode 14 in this order.
  • the organic EL device 10 G includes on a first electrode 12 a green-light-emitting layer 13 G and the second electrode 14 in this order.
  • the organic EL device 10 B includes on a first electrode 12 a blue-light-emitting layer 13 B and the second electrode 14 in this order.
  • the organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B each may be a top emission light-emitting device, for example. However, the organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B each also may be a bottom emission light-emitting device.
  • the organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B emit color light beams having colors different from each other, for example, color light beams of three primary colors, R (red), G (green), and B (blue) (light beams: LR, LG, and LB), respectively.
  • the display unit 1 may display a color image by means of additive color mixture using, as one pixel unit, a set of three pixels (subpixels) of R, G, and B including the respective organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B.
  • the organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B in the present example embodiment correspond to a specific but non-limiting example of the “light-emitting section” according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the configuration of each component is described.
  • the drive substrate 11 may include a substrate made of a material such as glass or plastic, and an electronic circuit provided thereon for driving the organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B.
  • the first electrode 12 may be provided for each of the organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B (provided for each pixel), for example, and may function as an electrode that injects a hole into each of the red-light-emitting layer 13 R, the green-light-emitting layer 13 G, and the blue-light-emitting layer 13 B, for example.
  • the first electrode 12 may be made of an electrically conductive material having optical reflectivity, for example, a single metal element such as silver (Ag) and aluminum (Al), or an alloy thereof.
  • the first electrode 12 may be electrically coupled to a pixel circuit provided in the electronic circuit of the drive substrate 11 .
  • An insulating film 13 may be provided in a region between pixels on the first electrode 12 . This insulating film 13 may cause the first electrodes 12 provided for each pixel to be electrically separated from each other.
  • the red-light-emitting layer 13 R, the green-light-emitting layer 13 G, and the blue-light-emitting layer 13 B may each contain an organic compound that emits light as a result of the generation of an exciton due to recombination of an electron and a hole injected through the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 .
  • a hole transport layer (HTL) and a hole injection layer (HIL) may be provided between each of the red-light-emitting layer 13 R, the green-light-emitting layer 13 G and the blue-light-emitting layer 13 B, and the first electrode 12 .
  • an electron transport layer ETL
  • HIL electron injection layer
  • the second electrode 14 may be provided as a layer common to each pixel, for example, and may function as an electrode that injects an electron to each of the red-light-emitting layer 13 R, the green-light-emitting layer 13 G and the blue-light-emitting layer 13 B.
  • Examples of a material for forming the second electrode 14 may include an electrically conductive material having optical transparency, for example, a transparent electrically conductive film made of an oxide such as an indium-tin oxide (ITO), an indium-zinc oxide (IZO), or an indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO).
  • a counter substrate 18 may be disposed on the second electrode 14 with a protective film 15 and a sealing layer 16 interposed therebetween.
  • the protective film 15 may include an inorganic material such as silicon nitride and silicon oxide, for example.
  • the sealing layer 16 may be made of a thermosetting sealing resin or an ultraviolet ray-curable resin, for example.
  • the counter substrate 18 may be made of a substrate material having optical transparency such as glass or plastic.
  • an optical filter 17 is provided on light emission side of the organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B in the foregoing display unit 1 .
  • the optical filter 17 according to this example embodiment is provided between the counter substrate 18 and the sealing layer 16
  • a position at which the optical filter 17 is disposed is not limited thereto.
  • the optical filter 17 may be provided at any position as long as the optical filter 17 is disposed on the light emission side of the organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B.
  • the optical filter 17 either may be provided between the protective film 15 and the sealing layer 16 , or may be provided on the counter substrate 18 .
  • the optical filter 17 includes a plurality of refractive index layers as described later; the plurality of refractive index layers either may be provided at one location (collectively), or may be provided at two locations or more (separately).
  • the optical filter 17 has optical characteristics of transmitting incident light while selectively removing a part of a band of its wavelength band.
  • the optical filter 17 may be disposed continuously throughout all the pixels as a layer common to each of the pixels (organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B).
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a specific configuration example of the optical filter 17 .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a detailed configuration example of each of filter layers that form the optical filter 17 .
  • the optical filter 17 may have a configuration in which an unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 (first filter layer) and a viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 (second filter) are layered on a substrate 170 , for example.
  • the order of layering the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 and the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 is not particularly limited. While the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 and the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 may each include one or a plurality of dielectric multilayer film units U as described later, a dielectric multilayer film unit U for removing unnecessary light and a dielectric multilayer film unit U for correcting a viewing angle may be layered in a mixed manner.
  • the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 and the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 may be provided with the substrate 170 interposed (so as to sandwich the substrate 170 ) therebetween.
  • the substrate 170 either may be the counter substrate 18 , or may be a substrate provided separately from the counter substrate 18 .
  • the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 and the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 may each include one or a plurality of dielectric multilayer film units U (dielectric multilayer film), and may exhibit optical characteristics to be described later utilizing an optical interference effect. More specifically, the dielectric multilayer film unit U may have a configuration in which a plurality of refractive index layers having different refractive indices are adjacently layered. As an example, a plurality of low refractive index layers 170 a made of a low refractive index material and a plurality of high refractive index layers 170 b made of a high refractive index material are each layered, as illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • a layer unit U 1 is set as a structure in which the high refractive index layer 170 b is sandwiched by the low refractive index layers 170 a ; the dielectric multilayer film unit U may have a configuration in which a plurality of the layer units U 1 are layered.
  • An optical path length (optical length) d 1 of the low refractive index layer 170 a in the layer unit U 1 may be represented, for example, by the following expression (1), where L denotes the optical path length of the low refractive index layer 170 a corresponding to 1 ⁇ 4 of a central wavelength ⁇ 0 ( ⁇ 0 /4) of interference light.
  • an optical path length d 2 of the high refractive index layer 170 b may be represented, for example, by the following expression (2), where H denotes the optical path length of the high refractive index layer 170 b corresponding to 1 ⁇ 4 of the central wavelength ⁇ 0 .
  • the layer units U 1 that satisfy such conditional expressions are layered in the number of layers (the number of repetition) k, with the proviso that n, m, and k are each any integer.
  • the optical path length d 1 may be an optical path length of the high refractive index layer 170 b
  • the optical path length d 2 may be an optical path length of the low refractive index layer 170 a.
  • d 1 [(4 n+ 1)/2] ⁇ L (1)
  • d 2 (2 m+ 1) ⁇ H (2)
  • the dielectric multilayer film unit U having the layer unit U 1 for each band (bands b 2 and b 3 to be described later) to be removed selectively by the optical filter 17 .
  • the dielectric multilayer film units U may be layered, which have the same number as that of the bands b 2 set in the spectral transmissivity of the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 .
  • the dielectric multilayer film units U may be layered, which have the number corresponding to the number of the bands b 3 set in the spectral transmissivity of the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 .
  • n and m it is possible to design spectral transmissivity including a plurality of the bands b 2 , or to design spectral transmissivity including both the band b 2 and the band b 3 in one dielectric multilayer film unit U.
  • the optical filter 17 may be provided with a ripple-regulating filter layer, for example, in addition to the above-described unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 and viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 .
  • the ripple-regulating filter layer may have a film thickness of “ ⁇ 0 /8” or “(2j+1)/2 ⁇ 0 ,” for example.
  • the ripple-regulating filter layer either may be made of the same material as those of the low refractive index layer 170 a and the high refractive index layer 170 b , or may be made of a different material.
  • the foregoing layered structure enables, in each dielectric multilayer film unit U, the obtainment of spectral transmissivity having a sharp (steep) rising from the bands b 2 with the central wavelength ⁇ 0 as a bottom peak and b 3 toward a transmission band, and having high transmissivity (reaching about 100%) in the transmission band.
  • a plurality of refractive index layers (low refractive index layer 170 a and high refractive index layer 170 b ) to be layered may preferably have a volume average refractive index of 2.0 or higher.
  • the central wavelength ⁇ 0 of interference light shifts by ⁇ represented by expression (3) at a position of viewing angle ⁇ .
  • the viewing angle ⁇ corresponds to an angle inclined (oblique direction) from a direction orthogonal to a light emission surface S 1 (front direction), which direction is set as 0°.
  • ⁇ ′ in the expression (3) is represented by expression (4).
  • n ave is a volume average refractive index of the refractive index layers forming the dielectric multilayer film unit U, and is represented by expression (5), with the proviso that n 1 denotes a refractive index of the low refractive index layer 170 a , and that n 2 denotes a refractive index of the high refractive index layer 170 b.
  • ⁇ (cos ⁇ ′ ⁇ 1) ⁇ 0 (3)
  • ⁇ ′ sin ⁇ 1 (sin ⁇ / n ave ) (4)
  • n ave ( n 1 ⁇ d 1 +n 2 ⁇ d 2 )/( d 1 +d 2 ) (5)
  • a waveform W 1 ′ at the viewing angle ⁇ (>0°) shifts by ⁇ from a waveform W 1 at a viewing angle of 0°. This is because the central wavelength of the interference light shifts toward a short wavelength side. For example, in B light beam, as the viewing angle ⁇ increases, the waveform W 1 shifts toward the short wavelength side, along with monotonous decrease of the transmissivity itself.
  • the shift amount ⁇ becomes too large, so that the waveform W 1 undesirably shifts so as to deviate largely from the central wavelength (peak of waveform W 0 ) of incident light (emission light of an organic EL device), it becomes difficult to easily obtain effects (improvement of viewing angle characteristics) by the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 to be described later.
  • the refractive index layers have a volume average refractive index of 2.0 or higher.
  • the change in chromaticity ( ⁇ u′v′) at a viewing angle of 45° be 0.040 or lower; it is possible to achieve this value by setting the volume average refractive index to 2.0 or higher.
  • Examples of a material for forming each refractive index layer of the dielectric multilayer film unit U may include a material that allows for film formation of a dielectric, for example, a material that allows for the film formation by means of vapor deposition method, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, sputtering method, and other methods.
  • Examples thereof may include silicon nitride (SiN X ), silicon oxide (SiO X ), and a metal oxide film having optical transparency.
  • silicon nitride enables adjustment of various refractive indices from a low refractive index to a high refractive index depending on film-forming conditions, or other factors.
  • a metal oxide film allows for easy adjustment of a film having a refractive index of 2.0 or higher.
  • a circularly polarizing plate When light other than display light, such as outside light enters the optical filter 17 , light of a part of a band of the incident light is undesirably reflected, sometimes causing visibility to be lowered. Accordingly, it is preferable to use a circularly polarizing plate. It is preferable, for example, to provide a circularly polarizing plate at a position above the optical filter 17 of the display unit 1 , for example, at a position between the optical filter 17 and the counter substrate 18 (at position S 1 in FIG. 1 ), or at a position on the counter substrate 18 (at position S 2 in FIG. 1 ). However, the circularly polarizing plate may not be disposed as long as the display unit 1 is used for a use application where no outside light enters.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory characteristic diagram of optical characteristics of the optical filter 17 .
  • the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 transmits a band (band b 1 ) including each central wavelength of color light (LR, LG, and LB) emitted respectively from the organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B, and selectively removes a band (band b 2 ) that is at least a part of a band other than the band b 1 , due to the aforementioned layered structure of the dielectric multilayer film unit U.
  • the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 may reduce the transmissivity of the band b 2 .
  • the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 may block, utilizing an interference effect, a part of a band other than the central wavelengths of a wavelength band corresponding to R (620 nm or higher), of a wavelength band corresponding to G (about 495 nm to 570 nm both inclusive), and of a wavelength band corresponding to B (495 nm or lower) out of visible bands.
  • the spectral transmissivity of the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 has the waveform W 1 (solid line) including the band b 1 and the band b 2 as described above.
  • the band b 1 has a width narrower than that of a wavelength band b 0 of the optical spectrum of a color light beam LR (LG or LB) emitted from the organic EL device 10 R (organic EL device 10 G or 10 B) (b 1 ⁇ b 0 ).
  • the band b 2 corresponds to a part of the wavelength band b 0 (e.g., lower slope part of the waveform W 0 ).
  • the rising of the transmissivity of the waveform W 1 between the bands b 1 and b 2 is sharp.
  • the bands b 1 and b 2 may be set, for example, to remove the lower slope part (unnecessary light) of the wavelength band b 0 of the color light beams of different colors R, G, and B, and to narrow each wavelength band b 0 .
  • the band b 2 may be set at one location (either lower slope part at the right or the left of a central wavelength), or at two locations (lower slope parts both at the right and the left) for each of the wavelength bands b 0 of R, G, and B. Accordingly, in the spectral transmissivity of the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 , the band b 2 may be set at one to six location(s), for example. It is sufficient that the band b 2 may be set at a proper location depending on factors such as spectral shapes of color light beams LR, LG, and LB. It is to be noted that a wavelength that is the bottom peak of the band b 2 of the waveform W 1 corresponds to the foregoing central wavelength ⁇ 0 of the interference light in the dielectric multilayer film.
  • the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 reduces the transmissivity of a band (band b 3 ) that is a part of a band (band b 1 ) of at least one color light beam of a plurality of color light beams (in the present example embodiment, color light beams of three colors R, G, and B), which is transmitted through the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 as described above.
  • the spectral transmissivity of the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 has a waveform W 2 (alternate long and short dash line) in which the transmissivity of the band b 3 is reduced, that is a part of the band b 1 which is transmitted through the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 .
  • the band b 3 may be able to be set at one location or two or more locations in the spectral transmissivity of the optical filter 17 .
  • the viewing angle As the viewing angle is increased, at least one component of tristimulus values X, Y, and Z fluctuates (increases or decreases) in accordance with increased viewing angle. This fluctuation of a specific component causes the chromaticity to be changed.
  • the band b 3 may be set to cause the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 to offset (negate or complement) the fluctuation of a component in association with such change in the viewing angle.
  • a band of low transmissivity i.e., the band b 3 may be provided in the spectral transmissivity of the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 .
  • the transmissivity and the position of the band b 3 may be set depending on which component is complemented.
  • the transmissivity and the position of the band b 3 may be able to be controlled by adjusting refractive index difference and the number of layers in the dielectric multilayer film unit U.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 An example of the optical filter 17 having the foregoing optical characteristics is illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8 .
  • FIG. 7 illustrates spectral transmissivity (waveform W 1 ) in the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171
  • FIG. 8 illustrates spectral transmissivity (waveform W 2 ) after combining the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 with the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 illustrated in FIG. 7
  • FIG. 8 also illustrates the spectral transmissivity (waveform W 1 ) of the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 illustrated in FIG. 7 .
  • the bands b 1 and b 2 are set to cause the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 to narrow a wavelength of each color light beam of the colors R, G, and B.
  • the band b 2 is set at two locations.
  • the bands b 1 (b 1 (R), b 1 (G), and b 1 (B)) each of which is a transmission band of the waveform W 1 each have a transmissivity closer to 100% (1.00).
  • the rising from the band b 2 to the band b 1 is sharp.
  • the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 may include one or a plurality of dielectric multilayer film units U, in order to set the band b 2 (in order to selectively remove the band b 2 ) at two locations.
  • the spectral transmissivity when combining the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 with the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 having the above-described spectral transmissivity may be set as illustrated in FIG. 8 , for example. It is to be noted that, in FIG. 8 , the waveform W 1 of the spectral transmissivity of the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 (alone) illustrated in FIG. 7 is indicated by a broken line.
  • the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 may be configured to reduce the transmissivity of a part of the band b 3 of the band b 1 which is transmitted through the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 .
  • the band b 3 is set at one location. More specifically, the band b 3 may be designed to be a band that is a part of the band b 1 (R) corresponding to the light beam of R. More particularly, the band b 3 may be designed to be a band near 660 nm, of a band including a large number of the X component of the tristimulus values X, Y, and Z. In this example, a band that includes the X component the most is a band near 600 nm.
  • the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 may include one dielectric multilayer film unit U, for example, in order to set one band b 3 .
  • combination of the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 may also selectively remove a band b 3 ′ near 420 nm including a large number of the Z component, for example, in the waveform W 2 .
  • the foregoing factors such as the number and the positions of the bands b 2 and b 3 are mere examples, and are not limitative.
  • each emission layer of the organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B red-light-emitting layer 13 R, green-light-emitting layer 13 G, and blue-light-emitting layer 13 B
  • a hole and an electron are recombined in each emission layer to generate an exciton, leading to light emission.
  • This causes the red light beam LR to be emitted upward from the organic EL device 10 R, the green light beam LG to be emitted upward from the organic EL device 10 G, and the blue light beam LB to be emitted upward from the organic EL device 10 B.
  • the light beams LR, LG, and LB pass through, for example, the protective film 15 , the sealing layer 16 , the optical filter 17 , and the counter substrate 18 in this order, and are emitted upward beyond the counter substrate 18 .
  • the additive color mixture of the light beams LR, LG, and LB corresponding to three primary colors allows reproduction of various colors for each pixel, achieving color image display.
  • the light beams LR, LG, and LB emitted from the self-emitting devices such as the organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B each have a broad spectral shape. This makes it difficult to secure a sufficient color reproduction range when the light beams LR, LG, and LB per se are mixed.
  • the optical filter 17 is provided on the light emission side of the organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B, and the optical filter 17 has the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 having a predetermined spectral transmissivity.
  • the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 transmits the band b 1 including a central wavelength of each wavelength band b 0 of the light beams LR, LG, and LB emitted from the organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B, and removes the band b 2 that is at least a part of a band other than the band b 1 .
  • configuration of the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 by one or a plurality of the dielectric multilayer film units U may allow the rising of the transmissivity from the band b 2 to the band b 1 to be sharp in the spectral transmissivity of the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 (W 1 ).
  • Such an unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 may selectively remove, for example, a band b 2 corresponding to a lower slope part (unnecessary light) of each wavelength band b 0 of the light beams LR, LG, and LB, so as to transmit light including three bands b 1 including the respective central wavelengths of the light beams LR, LG, and LB at high transmissivity.
  • the color purity in the light beams LR, LG, and LB may be enhanced to enable expansion of the color reproduction range (color gamut).
  • the optical filter 17 including the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 may be provided as a layer common to light-emitting sections (organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B) of each pixel of the display unit 1 .
  • This enables formation of the optical filter 17 as a solid film on the substrate 170 in its manufacturing process.
  • almost no fine alignment with each light-emitting section is also necessary.
  • fine alignment between the light-emitting section and the filter part is necessary to prevent concerns such as light leakage to an adjacent pixel. It is thus difficult to address issues such as larger-sized substrates or finer pixels.
  • the optical filter 17 according to the present example embodiment needs almost no pattering or alignment, thus making it also possible to address larger-sized substrates or finer pixels.
  • the optical filter 17 further includes the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 having a predetermined spectral transmissivity. More specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 6 , the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 may reduce the transmissivity of the band b 3 that is a part of the band b 1 (band including a central wavelength of at least one color light beam out of color light beams having colors of R, G, and B) which is transmitted through the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 . This may negate a component fluctuated in association with the foregoing change in a viewing angle, enabling the color balance to be maintained. Thus, it is possible to suppress the change in chromaticity in association with the change in a viewing angle.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates change in white (W) chromaticity ( ⁇ u′v′) relative to the viewing angle in the emission light of the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 .
  • W white
  • ⁇ u′v′ chromaticity
  • FIG. 9 illustrates change in white (W) chromaticity ( ⁇ u′v′) relative to the viewing angle in the emission light of the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 .
  • increase in the viewing angle causes the chromaticity to be changed.
  • the change in the chromaticity at a viewing angle of 45° is 0.055, which value, however, is not sufficient as the image quality of a display. This is because of the fluctuation (in the present example embodiment, increase) of an X component of the tristimulus values X, Y, and Z of G, for example, due to the shift of the spectral transmissivity illustrated in FIG. 7 toward a shorter wavelength in association with the change in the viewing angle, for example.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the change in white (W) chromaticity ( ⁇ u′v′) relative to the viewing angle in the emission light of the optical filter 17 , when using, as the optical filter 17 , the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 and the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 having a spectral transmissivity in which the band b 3 is set.
  • W white
  • ⁇ u′v′ chromaticity
  • the X component increases in association with the change in the viewing angle
  • the X component decreases.
  • the component that increases or decreases is not limited to the X component, but may be the Y component or the Z component depending on the design of the optical filter 17 . Therefore, it is preferable to set the position and the transmissivity of the band b 3 in the spectral transmissivity of the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 , depending on a fluctuating component of the tristimulus values.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates CIE (Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage) colorimetric system chromaticity diagram.
  • a triangle indicated by A 1 (broken line) in the diagram illustrates a color reproduction range based on the light beams LR, LG, and LB emitted from the organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B.
  • a triangle indicated by A 2 (alternate long and short dash line) illustrates a color reproduction range in the case of using the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 alone (a color reproduction range after removal of the band b 2 ).
  • a triangle indicated by A 3 illustrates a color reproduction range after removal of the bands b 2 and b 3 by the optical filter 17 in which the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 is combined with the necessary-light-removing filter layer 171 .
  • the color reproduction range A 2 in the case of using the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 is expanded more than the color reproduction range A 1 based on the light beams LR, LG, and LB.
  • the color reproduction range A 3 in the case of combining the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 with the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 also maintains a range substantially equal to the color reproduction range A 2 .
  • the color reproduction range A 2 shrinks to the color reproduction range A 3 by an extremely slight shift amount which does not easily affect the image quality.
  • the optical filter 17 including the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 and the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 is disposed on the light emission side of the organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B.
  • the unnecessary-light-removing filter layer 171 enables transmission of the band b 1 including each central wavelength of the wavelength bands b 0 corresponding to the respective color light beams LR, LG, and LB, and enables removal of the band b 2 that is at least a part of a band other than the band b 1 . This may enhance the color purity of the respective color light beams LR, LG, and LB, enabling expansion of the color reproduction range.
  • the viewing-angle-correcting filter layer 172 of the optical filter 17 enables reduction in the transmissivity of the band b 3 that is a part of the band b 1 corresponding to one color light beam or two or more color light beams. This enables suppression of the change in chromaticity caused by the change in the viewing angle while suppressing shrinkage in the color reproduction range. Therefore, it becomes possible to enhance viewing angle characteristics while securing the color reproduction range.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a functional block configuration of the display unit 1 described in the foregoing example embodiments.
  • the display unit 1 may display, as an image, an image signal supplied from the outside or an image signal generated inside, and may include a timing controller 21 , a signal processor 22 , a driver 23 , and a display pixel section 24 , for example.
  • the timing controller 21 may include a timing generator that generates various timing signals (control signals), and may perform drive control on components such as the signal processor 22 , on the basis of the various timing signals.
  • the signal processor 22 may perform predetermined correction on the digital image signal supplied from the outside, and supply the corrected image signal to the driver 23 , for example.
  • the driver 23 may include circuits such as a scanning line driver circuit and a signal line driver circuit, for example, and may drive the pixels in the display pixel section 24 via various control lines.
  • the display pixel section 24 may include, for example, display devices such as the organic EL devices (the foregoing organic EL devices 10 R, 10 G, and 10 B), and a pixel circuit for driving the display devices on a pixel-by-pixel basis.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional configuration of a region corresponding to three pixels of the display pixel section 24 .
  • the display unit and the electronic apparatus have an optical filter including a first filter layer and a second layer being disposed on light emission side of a plurality of light-emitting sections.
  • the first filter layer transmits the first band including each center wavelength of the wavelength bands of the respective color light beams, while removing the second band that is at least a part of a band other than the first band. This enhances color purity of a color light beam emitted from each of the light-emitting sections.
  • the second filter layer of the optical filter reduces the transmissivity of the third band that is a part of the first band of at least one color light beam out of the color light beams. This enables suppression of the change in chromaticity caused by the change in the viewing angle.
  • the display unit and the electronic apparatus have an optical filter including a first filter layer and a second layer being disposed on light emission side of a plurality of light-emitting sections.
  • the first filter layer of the optical filter transmits the first band including each center wavelength of the wavelength bands of the respective color light beams, and removes the second band that is at least a part of a band other than the first band. This enhances color purity of a color light beam emitted from each of the light-emitting sections, enabling expansion of the color reproduction range.
  • the second filter layer of the optical filter reduces the transmissivity of the third band that is a part of the first band of at least one color light beam out of the color light beams. This enables suppression of the change in chromaticity caused by the change in the viewing angle, while suppressing shrinkage of the color reproduction range. Therefore, it becomes possible to enhance viewing angle characteristics while securing the color reproduction range.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a functional block configuration of an electronic apparatus 3 .
  • Examples of the electronic apparatus 3 may include a television, a personal computer (PC), a smartphone, a tablet personal computer (PC), a mobile phone, a digital still camera, and a digital video camera.
  • the electronic apparatus 3 may include the foregoing display unit 1 (or an imaging unit 2 ), and an interface section 30 , for example.
  • the interface section 30 may be an input section to which elements such as various signals and power are supplied from the outside.
  • the interface section 30 may include a user interface such as a touch panel, a keyboard, or an operational button, for example.
  • the disclosure has been described hereinabove by way of example with reference to the example embodiments, the disclosure is not limited thereto but may be modified in a wide variety of ways.
  • the optical filter may also be applied to a light source other than the organic EL device.
  • the optical filter may be disposed on the light emission side of a device having light-emitting sections (light sources) 30 R, 30 G, and 30 B that emit color light beams of R, G, and B, respectively; the application of the optical filter is not limited to the organic EL display unit as described above.
  • the light-emitting sections 30 R, 30 G, and 30 B may include a light-emitting diode (LED), in addition to the organic EL device.
  • LED light-emitting diode
  • the optical filter according to an embodiment of the disclosure is also applied to a device provided with a color filter.
  • the optical filter 17 may be provided on the light emission side of the light-emitting sections (light sources) 30 R, 30 G, and 30 B, with a color filer layer 31 interposed therebetween, for example.
  • further layering of the optical filter 17 makes it possible to further enhance color purity more than the case of providing only the color filter layer 31 .
  • the display unit according to an embodiment of the disclosure is not necessarily limited to the configuration involving only the pixel of three primary colors. It is also possible to further include a pixel that emits color light beams having colors different from R, G, and B, for example. That is, it is also possible to include a pixel of four colors such as R, G, B, and W (white), or four colors such as R, G, B, and Y (yellow).
  • the display unit does not need to include all the foregoing layers.
  • the display unit may also include yet other layers in addition to the foregoing layers.
  • the effects described above in the example embodiments, etc. are mere examples, and the effects of the disclosure may be other effects, or may further include other effects in addition to the effects described above.
  • a display unit including:
  • an optical filter that is disposed on light emission side of the plurality of light-emitting sections and transmits the color light beams while selectively removing a part of a wavelength band of the color light beams, the optical filter including
  • the display unit according to (1) further including a circularly polarizing plate provided on the light emission side of the plurality of light-emitting sections.
  • the dielectric multilayer film includes a plurality of refractive index layers that are layered adjacently and have refractive indices different from one another.
  • An electronic apparatus with a display unit including:
  • an optical filter that is disposed on light emission side of the plurality of light-emitting sections and transmits the color light beams while selectively removing a part of a wavelength band of the color light beams, the optical filter including

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