UA79164C2 - Friction shock absorber of railroad car - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to rail transport, in particular, to the friction wedge shock absorber. A friction wedge shock absorber contains friction wedges mounted on the springs with vertical plane for interaction with the plane of lateral bogie frame and inclined supporting plane for interaction with inclined plane of bogie bolster mounted on the springs. In accordance with the invention, the inclined supporting plane of each friction wedge has a curved surface, which has in vertical plane a generative radius, which is equal to half of the size of the cut of lateral frame for spring complete set, and in horizontal plane a generative radius, which is equal to half of the distance between centers of the load application on the spring sets of bogie. Between the contact surfaces of and wedge can be introduced a "third body", as which can be used both solid and consistent material. Technical result is the improvement of running qualities of bogie, more stable operation of the friction shock absorber and reduction of the capability for lozenging of bogie side frames, which ensures the reduction of the wear of elements of the bogie of freight railroad car.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to rail vehicles and can be used in the design and manufacture of freight wagons.

Friction vibration dampers with a frictional force proportional to the movements, containing wedges located in the sockets of the super-spring beam, which rest on its inclined rectilinear plane, are widely used in freight wagons, pressing the vertical side against the steel friction bars, which are fixed on the side frame. Such friction vibration dampers are used on trolleys 18-100, 18-101, 18-131, 70 18-578, 18-597 (Russia), 18-755, 18-7020 (Ukraine), etc.

The disadvantage of such friction vibration dampers is the unstable operation of vibration damping during the movement of the car, due to the tendency of the wedge to jam. In addition, carts with such extinguishers also have a tendency to "overrun" the connected side frames and the super-spring beam, that is, when on curved sections of the path, the side frame from the side of the outer rail lags behind the opposite side frame, increasing the angle of approach of the guide wheel of the cart. In 72, as a result, there is an increase in the wear of the wedge itself and elements of the cart, as well as the rails.

Known technical solutions (1-4) aimed at eliminating these shortcomings, which are inherent in this vibration damper, due to the use of elastic and wear-resistant gaskets in the zone of connection of the inclined surfaces of the superspring beam and the wedge, however, they do not sufficiently prevent the "running in" of the side frames.

The technical result of this invention is the improvement of the running qualities of the trolley, more stable operation of the frictional vibration dampener and the reduction of the tendency to "overrun" the side frames, as a result of which the wear of the elements of the freight car trolley and rails will decrease.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the friction wedge vibration damper (Fig. 1) contains wedges 2 mounted on springs, with a vertical plane for interaction with the plane of the vertical columns of the side frame 1 of the cart and an inclined curved plane for interaction with the inclined curved plane c installed on springs of the superspring beam 3. Ge)

The inclined curvilinear plane of the wedge has a forming radius in the vertical plane equal to half the size of the slot of the side frame for the spring kit, and in the horizontal plane a forming radius equal to half the distance between the axes of application of the load on the spring sets of the cart.

In the superspring beam in the zone of contact with the wedge, special recesses are made, and their curvilinear working surface Z in contact with the wedge has, guaranteed, larger forming radii than the forming radii of the working surface of the wedge, by an amount not less than the sum of the tolerances on matching details.

To minimize frictional forces between the contacting surfaces of the super-spring beam and the wedge, a "third body" 6 -- (Fig. 1) is introduced, which ensures increased sliding of the curved surface of the super-spring beam З relative to the contacting outer surface of the wedge 2. The "third body" can be used both solid and consistent material, 325 depending on the load of the surfaces shared by them and the necessary increase in the degree of sliding. -

The friction damper of oscillations works in the following way.

With the normal arrangement of the trolley elements (Fig. 2), when the longitudinal axes of the side frames 7 and the superspring beam 8 are mutually perpendicular, and the support surface 4 of the superspring beam (Fig. 1) is parallel to the support surface for installing the spring set C 5 of the side frame, there is the contact of the superspring beam and the wedge at one point 9 in the zone of the center line 7. c During the movement of the car, oscillations occur that tend to shift the superspring beam and the side frame in

From" in the horizontal and vertical planes relative to the normal, as shown in Fig. 2, the location of the elements of the friction damper of oscillations.

Due to the curvilinear forming surfaces of the super-spring beam and the wedge, and because the curvature of the surface of the super-spring beam is greater than the curvature of the surface of the wedge, the normal reactions on the working and surface of the wedge will always be directed towards the center of the forming surface of the wedge. This ensures more (Te) stable operation of the wedge in the vertical and horizontal planes.

The introduction of the "third body" with increased sliding 6 (Fig. 1) between the contacting surfaces of the super-spring beam C and the wedge 2 effectively and reliably provides protection of the contacting surfaces of the super-spring beam and the wedge. IN

Gee! 20 as a result of which an increase in the reliability of all elements of the central spring suspension of the trolley and a decrease in the wear of the contacting surfaces is achieved.

In addition, in the horizontal plane, the contact zone 9 (Fig. 3), when vibrations of the super-spring beam C or the side frame 1 occur, shifts along the forming contact surface of the wedge 2 relative to the axis 7. This leads to the emergence of forces tending to displace the wedge , and the resulting frictional forces dampen the caused 22 oscillations of the superspring beam and the side frame in the horizontal plane and prevent the side frames from "running in".

GF) The return of the system to the normal position is carried out due to the horizontal stiffness of the spring sets. o List of drawing figures

Fig. 1 - friction wedge vibration damper, side view. Fig. 2 - normal placement of the elements of the friction 60 wedge vibration damper, top view.

Fig. 3 - placement of elements of the friction wedge damper of oscillations when oscillations occur in the horizontal plane, top view.

Sources of information: 1. Oscillating friction damper of a rail vehicle. Patent KO 99104191 A, 20.01.2001; bo 2. Friction wedge of the vehicle. Patent KO 2001110138 A, 20.05.2003;

3. Friction damper of the oscillating trolley of a railway car.

Patent KU 2233759 C1, 10.08.2004; 4. Friction damper of the oscillating trolley of a freight car.

Patent KO 40039 1, 20.04.2004.

Claims (1)

2 Formula of the invention 1. Friction wedge vibration damper, containing spring-mounted friction wedges with a vertical plane for interaction with the plane of the side frame of the cart and an inclined support plane for interaction with the inclined /0 plane of the spring-mounted superspring beam, which is distinguished by the fact that the inclined support plane of each friction wedge has a curved surface, which has a radius in the vertical plane equal to half the size of the opening of the side frame for the spring assembly, and in the horizontal plane - a radius equal to half the distance between the axes of the load on the spring assemblies of the cart. 2. Frictional wedge damper of oscillations according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the curved working surface of the super-spring beam in contact with the wedge has guaranteed larger radii than the radii of the surface of the wedge, by an amount not less than the sum of the tolerances on the parts, that connect C. Friction wedge vibration damper according to claim 1, which differs in that a "third body" is introduced between the contacting surfaces of the super-spring beam and the wedge, as such, both solid and consistent material can be used, depending on the load of the surfaces shared by it and the necessary increasing the degree of sliding. 200. STU s schi 6) « (Se) «- (o) and - - and? -i se) - (o) s» ime) 60 b5