RU2292281C1 - Railway car bogie friction vibration damper - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport; vibration dampers.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to design of car bogie vibration damper. Proposed friction wedge-tire vibration damper has spring-loaded friction wedges 2 with vertical plane for engagement with plane of bogie side frame 1 and inclined curvilinear support surface for engagement with curvilinear inclined surface of spring-loaded spring beam 3. Inclined support surface of each friction is made curvilinear with generating radius in vertical plane equal to half of size of aperture in side frame for spring set, and generating radius in horizontal plane equal to half of distance between axes of load application to spring sets of bogie.

EFFECT: improved running characteristics of bogies, provision of stable operation of friction vibration damper, reduced tendency of "overtravel" of side frames.

Description

The invention relates to rail vehicles and can be used in the design and manufacture of freight wagon trolleys.

In wagons of freight cars, friction dampers with a friction force proportional to displacements are widely used, containing wedges located in the nests of the nadressor beam and abutting in its inclined straight planes, pressing vertically to steel friction plates mounted on the side frame. Such friction dampers are used on carts 18-100, 18-101, 18-131, 18-578, 18-597 (Russia), 18-755, 18-7020 (Ukraine), etc.

The disadvantage of such frictional vibration dampers is the unstable operation of damping the vibrations when the car moves, due to the tendency to wedge jamming. In addition, trolleys with such dampers also tend to have a relative “run-in” of the side frames, that is, when on the curved sections of the track the side frame on the side of the outer rail lags behind the opposite side frame, increasing the angle of incidence of the guide wheel of the trolley. As a result, there is increased wear of the wedge itself and the elements of the cart, as well as the rails.

Known technical solutions [1] - [4] - Friction damper oscillations of a rail vehicle, patent RU 99104191 A, 01/20/2001; Friction wedge of a vehicle, patent RU 2001110138 A, 05.20.2003; Frictional vibration damper of a railway carriage trolley, patent RU 2233759 C1, 08/10/2004; Patent RU 40039 U1, April 20, 2004, aimed at eliminating these drawbacks inherent in this vibration damper due to the use of elastic and wear-resistant gaskets in the mating zone of the inclined surfaces of the nadressor beam and wedge, however, they do not sufficiently prevent the run-in "side frames.

The technical result of the present invention is to improve the driving performance of the trolley, more stable operation of the friction vibration damper and to reduce the tendency to “run” of the side frames, as a result of which the wear of the carriage elements of the freight car and rails will be reduced.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the friction wedge-shaped vibration damper (Fig. 1) contains spring-loaded wedges 2 with a vertical plane for interacting with the plane of the vertical columns of the side frame 1 of the trolley and an inclined curved (torus) surface [5] for interaction with an inclined curved ( torus) surface of a spring-loaded nadressornogo beam 3.

The inclined curved (torus) surface of the wedge has a vertical plane forming a radius equal to half the size of the opening of the side frame under the spring set, and in the horizontal plane it forms a radius equal to half the distance between the axes of the load on the spring cart sets.

In the nadressornoj beam in the zone of contact with the wedge, special recesses are made, and their curved (torus) working surface, which is in contact with the wedge, is guaranteed to have large forming radii than the forming radii of the working surface of the wedge, not less than the sum of the tolerances on the mating the details. This achieves a "one-point contact" between the wedge and the nadressornoj beam.

To minimize the frictional forces between the contacting surfaces of the nadressornoj beam and the wedge introduced a "third body" curved (torus) shape 6 (Fig.1), which provides increased sliding of the curved surface of the nadressornoj beam 3 relative to the contact surface of the wedge 2. As a "third body" a curved (torus) shape can be used both solid and consistent material, depending on the loading of the surfaces it shares and the necessary increase in the degree of slip.

Friction damper operates as follows.

In the normal arrangement of the elements of the trolley (Fig. 2), when the longitudinal axes of the side frames 7 and the pressure beam 8 are mutually perpendicular, and the spring surface 4 of the pressure beam (Fig. 1) is parallel to the support surface for installing the spring set 5 of the side frame, single-point contact 9 (figure 2) of the nadressorno beam and the wedge in the area of the axial line 7.

When the car moves, vibrations occur that tend to shift the nadressornoj beam and the side frame in horizontal and vertical planes relative to the normal, as shown in figure 2, the location of the elements of the friction damper.

Due to the curved generators of the mating torus surfaces of the nadressornoj beam and the wedge and the fact that the radii of the mating surface of the mantle beams curvature greater than the radii of the mating surface of the wedge, the single-point contact 9 is shifted along the horizontal or vertical curvature, and the normal reaction F _n (Fig.3 ) to the working curved surface of the wedge will always be directed to the center of the forming surface of the wedge. This ensures stable operation of the wedge in the vertical and horizontal planes.

Entering the "third body" of a curved (torus) shape with increased sliding 6 (Fig. 1), between the contacting surfaces of the nadressore beam 3 and the wedge 2, effectively and reliably protects the contacting surfaces of the nadressorno beam and the wedge. As a result, an increase in the reliability of all elements of the central spring suspension of the trolley and a decrease in the wear of the contacting surfaces are achieved.

In addition, in the horizontal plane, the contact point 9 (figure 3), when the vibrations of the nadressornogo beam 3 or the side frame 1 occurs, is shifted along the generatrix of the contact surface of the wedge 2 relative to the axis 7. This leads to forces F _n that tend to displace the wedge, and the frictional forces F _m arising from this dampen the caused vibrations of the nadressornoj beam and the side frame in the horizontal plane and prevent the relative "run-in" of the side frames. The system is returned to its normal position due to the horizontal stiffness of the spring sets.

A brief description of the drawings.

Figure 1 depicts a frictional wedge damper, side view;

figure 2 - normal arrangement of the elements of the friction wedge-shaped vibration damper, top view;

figure 3 - the location of the elements of the frictional wedge damper when vibrations occur in the horizontal plane.

Information sources

1. Friction damper of rail vehicle.

Patent RU Friction damper of rail vehicle. Patent RU 99104191 A, 01.20.2001;

2. Friction wedge of the vehicle. Patent RU 2001110138 A, 05.20.2003;

3. Friction damper of carts of a railway carriage. Patent RU 2233759 C1, 08/10/2004;

4. Friction damper of the carts of a freight car. Patent RU 40039 U 1.20.04.2004;

5. Tozik V.T. Electronic textbook on descriptive geometry. http://trafiic.spb.ru/geom/menu.html

Claims (3)

1. Friction wedge-shaped vibration damper containing spring-loaded friction wedges with a vertical plane for interacting with the plane of the side frame of the trolley and an inclined curved supporting surface for interacting with a curved inclined surface of a spring-loaded tension beam, characterized in that the inclined supporting surface of each friction wedge is made curved and has in a vertical plane, forming a radius equal to half the size of the opening of the side frame under the spring set, and in horizontal plane forming a radius equal to half the distance between the axes of application of the load on the spring sets of the trolley. 2. The frictional wedge-shaped vibration damper according to claim 1, characterized in that the curved inclined surface of the nadressor beam, which is in contact with the friction wedges, is guaranteed to have large forming radii than the forming radii of the mating curved surface of the friction wedges, by an amount not less than the sum tolerances for mating parts. 3. The friction wedge vibration damper according to claim 1, characterized in that a “third body” is introduced between the contacting surfaces of the nadressor beam and friction wedges, which can be used as a solid or consistent material, depending on the loading of the surfaces it shares and the necessary increase in the degree of slip.

Images