UA77934C2 - Estrogen (progestin) - antiprogestin method and pharmaceutical composition for oral contraception - Google Patents
Estrogen (progestin) - antiprogestin method and pharmaceutical composition for oral contraception Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- UA77934C2 UA77934C2 UA94095766A UA94095766A UA77934C2 UA 77934 C2 UA77934 C2 UA 77934C2 UA 94095766 A UA94095766 A UA 94095766A UA 94095766 A UA94095766 A UA 94095766A UA 77934 C2 UA77934 C2 UA 77934C2
- Authority
- UA
- Ukraine
- Prior art keywords
- progestin
- estrogen
- antiprogestin
- menstruation
- day
- Prior art date
Links
- RJKFOVLPORLFTN-LEKSSAKUSA-N Progesterone Chemical class C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H](C(=O)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 RJKFOVLPORLFTN-LEKSSAKUSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000000583 progesterone congener Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000000262 estrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229940011871 estrogen Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000003418 antiprogestin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 230000000708 anti-progestin effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 41
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000005906 menstruation Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 229960005309 estradiol Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
- VOXZDWNPVJITMN-ZBRFXRBCSA-N 17β-estradiol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@H](CC4)O)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VOXZDWNPVJITMN-ZBRFXRBCSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229930182833 estradiol Natural products 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 206010001928 Amenorrhoea Diseases 0.000 claims description 15
- 201000000736 Amenorrhea Diseases 0.000 claims description 13
- 231100000540 amenorrhea Toxicity 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003433 contraceptive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002254 contraceptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- BFPYWIDHMRZLRN-SLHNCBLASA-N Ethinyl estradiol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 BFPYWIDHMRZLRN-SLHNCBLASA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002357 endometrial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002568 ethinylestradiol Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002710 gonadal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000007271 Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- IMSSROKUHAOUJS-MJCUULBUSA-N mestranol Chemical compound C1C[C@]2(C)[C@@](C#C)(O)CC[C@H]2[C@@H]2CCC3=CC(OC)=CC=C3[C@H]21 IMSSROKUHAOUJS-MJCUULBUSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001390 mestranol Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003248 mifepristone Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- VKHAHZOOUSRJNA-GCNJZUOMSA-N mifepristone Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2C3=C4CCC(=O)C=C4CC[C@H]3[C@@H]3CC[C@@]([C@]3(C2)C)(O)C#CC)=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 VKHAHZOOUSRJNA-GCNJZUOMSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IMONTRJLAWHYGT-ZCPXKWAGSA-N Norethindrone Acetate Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@@H]2[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@](C#C)(OC(=O)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 IMONTRJLAWHYGT-ZCPXKWAGSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037211 monthly cycles Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BFPYWIDHMRZLRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 17alpha-ethynyl estradiol Natural products OC1=CC=C2C3CCC(C)(C(CC4)(O)C#C)C4C3CCC2=C1 BFPYWIDHMRZLRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229940035811 conjugated estrogen Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229960001652 norethindrone acetate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 208000032843 Hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 55
- 208000034158 bleeding Diseases 0.000 description 55
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 32
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 28
- 239000003539 oral contraceptive agent Substances 0.000 description 28
- 229940127234 oral contraceptive Drugs 0.000 description 26
- 239000000186 progesterone Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229960003387 progesterone Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 12
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 10
- 229940022663 acetate Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 241000288906 Primates Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002175 menstrual effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- IEXUMDBQLIVNHZ-YOUGDJEHSA-N (8s,11r,13r,14s,17s)-11-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-17-hydroxy-17-(3-hydroxypropyl)-13-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1[C@@H]1C2=C3CCC(=O)C=C3CC[C@H]2[C@H](CC[C@]2(O)CCCO)[C@@]2(C)C1 IEXUMDBQLIVNHZ-YOUGDJEHSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 7
- 229950011093 onapristone Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000002651 drug therapy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002657 hormone replacement therapy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000027758 ovulation cycle Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229940124558 contraceptive agent Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000016087 ovulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- WWYNJERNGUHSAO-XUDSTZEESA-N (+)-Norgestrel Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](CC)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 WWYNJERNGUHSAO-XUDSTZEESA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010046788 Uterine haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010046910 Vaginal haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229960004400 levonorgestrel Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229940126601 medicinal product Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000044 progesterone antagonist Substances 0.000 description 4
- VIDRYROWYFWGSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sotalol hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=C(NS(C)(=O)=O)C=C1 VIDRYROWYFWGSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010027514 Metrorrhagia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008298 dragée Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009164 estrogen replacement therapy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003325 follicular Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000035935 pregnancy Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UWFYSQMTEOIJJG-FDTZYFLXSA-N cyproterone acetate Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C2=CC(=O)[C@@H]3C[C@@H]3[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(C)=O)(OC(=O)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 UWFYSQMTEOIJJG-FDTZYFLXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960005352 gestodene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SIGSPDASOTUPFS-XUDSTZEESA-N gestodene Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](CC)([C@](C=C4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 SIGSPDASOTUPFS-XUDSTZEESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000002149 gonad Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003054 hormonal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000546 inhibition of ovulation Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000938 luteal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008196 pharmacological composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000902 placebo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940068196 placebo Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940095055 progestogen systemic hormonal contraceptives Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003248 secreting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011269 treatment regimen Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940044953 vaginal ring Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000006213 vaginal ring Substances 0.000 description 2
- RCOWGILQXUPXEW-FUSOFXSQSA-N (8s,11r,13s,14s,17r)-11-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-17-hydroxy-17-[(z)-3-hydroxyprop-1-enyl]-13-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1[C@@H]1C2=C3CCC(=O)C=C3CC[C@H]2[C@H](CC[C@@]2(O)\C=C/CO)[C@]2(C)C1 RCOWGILQXUPXEW-FUSOFXSQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000256844 Apis mellifera Species 0.000 description 1
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010063659 Aversion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010011732 Cyst Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000005171 Dysmenorrhea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010014759 Endometrial neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000010201 Exanthema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000006771 Gonadotropins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010086677 Gonadotropins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010023302 HDL Cholesterol Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010062767 Hypophysitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- YQEZLKZALYSWHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ketamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(Cl)C=1C1(NC)CCCCC1=O YQEZLKZALYSWHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282553 Macaca Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282567 Macaca fascicularis Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010036086 Polymenorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 229960001138 acetylsalicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940050390 benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015294 blood coagulation disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 210000004246 corpus luteum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960003843 cyproterone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000978 cyproterone acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000031513 cyst Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004976 desogestrel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RPLCPCMSCLEKRS-BPIQYHPVSA-N desogestrel Chemical compound C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3C(=C)C[C@](CC)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 RPLCPCMSCLEKRS-BPIQYHPVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 210000004696 endometrium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000005884 exanthem Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 210000003191 femoral vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229940014259 gelatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002622 gonadotropin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003278 haem Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003299 ketamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VCMGMSHEPQENPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ketamine hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=1C=CC=C(Cl)C=1C1([NH2+]C)CCCCC1=O VCMGMSHEPQENPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950001701 lilopristone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002483 medication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009245 menopause Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036651 mood Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002632 myometrial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000417 norgestimate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KIQQMECNKUGGKA-NMYWJIRASA-N norgestimate Chemical compound O/N=C/1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](CC)([C@](CC4)(OC(C)=O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C\1 KIQQMECNKUGGKA-NMYWJIRASA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 norstindrone Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000003217 oral combined contraceptive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006186 oral dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940126701 oral medication Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000002394 ovarian follicle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000011599 ovarian follicle development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000624 ovulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009038 pharmacological inhibition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003635 pituitary gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007425 progressive decline Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011251 protective drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009256 replacement therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000046 skin rash Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010972 statistical evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000528 statistical test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011285 therapeutic regimen Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M undecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000011121 vaginal smear Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US84305892A | 1992-03-02 | 1992-03-02 | |
| PCT/US1993/001931 WO1993017686A1 (en) | 1992-03-02 | 1993-03-02 | Estrogen/progestin/antiprogestin method and kit for oral contraception and regulating menses |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| UA77934C2 true UA77934C2 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
Family
ID=25288971
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| UA94095766A UA77934C2 (en) | 1992-03-02 | 1993-02-03 | Estrogen (progestin) - antiprogestin method and pharmaceutical composition for oral contraception |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR100271750B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1395932A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE401083T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE69334229D1 (de) |
| FI (1) | FI20021041A (de) |
| MY (1) | MY110528A (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2127112C1 (de) |
| UA (1) | UA77934C2 (de) |
-
1992
- 1992-03-02 RU RU94040720/14A patent/RU2127112C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-02-03 UA UA94095766A patent/UA77934C2/uk unknown
- 1993-03-02 AT AT93907185T patent/ATE401083T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-02 DE DE69334229T patent/DE69334229D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-02 KR KR1019940703056A patent/KR100271750B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-02 MY MYPI93000370A patent/MY110528A/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-01-10 CN CN 02101583 patent/CN1395932A/zh active Pending
- 2002-05-31 FI FI20021041A patent/FI20021041A/fi unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2127112C1 (ru) | 1999-03-10 |
| CN1395932A (zh) | 2003-02-12 |
| DE69334229D1 (de) | 2008-08-28 |
| RU94040720A (ru) | 1997-05-27 |
| ATE401083T1 (de) | 2008-08-15 |
| FI20021041A (fi) | 2002-05-31 |
| KR100271750B1 (ko) | 2000-11-15 |
| MY110528A (en) | 1998-07-31 |
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