UA57294A - Heating boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

Heating boiler for heating dwelling, industrial premises and obtaining hot water for household needs has housing as a water surrounding jacket, this goes round the furnace and gas-flow volumes, is equipped with inserted to the inner volume of the boiler hollow heat-exchange element; this forms with the cavity of the surrounding jacket a closed circuit of the heat carrier medium. At that, the heat-exchange element is made l-like in shape, with different value of cross-section, and separates the inner volume of the boiler into furnace and gas-flow volumes for the fuel burning products; and in the upper part of the water surrounding jacket over the gas flow space a hatch is provided, through it a partition with a cut it installed.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to thermal engineering and can be used for heating residential and industrial premises and hot water supply, which allows the use of a heating boiler in canteens, rural hospitals, farms, greenhouses, etc. premises

The known water heating boiler /1, 2/, intended for heating / supply of hot water, which contains a water framing jacket, framing the furnace, connected to the window for exiting the product/into combustion. In the upper part of the furnace there are guide partitions, one of which is located transversely at a distance from the side wall of the furnace to form a passage for combustion products, and the other partition is made in the form of a vertical open shell. It is installed between the transverse partition / upper wall of the firebox, and the open section of the shell. turned in the direction opposite to the passage mentioned above.

To increase the efficiency/heat exchange, the water boiler has additional partitions, one of which is installed transversely between the windows for the exit of combustion products, and the second is located longitudinally. 12 The disadvantage of the well-known water heating boiler is that the possibilities are not fully used! to increase the efficiency/ heat exchange between partitions / water that fills the water jacket. For this reason, only the path of passage of combustion products / their residence time in the furnace space increases, and the area of heat exchange remains unchanged. The efficiency of heat exchange increases only due to heat removal from the metal partitions to the walls of the water jacket in the upper part of the boiler. This nature of heat transfer does not contribute to ensuring intensity! water circulation in the heating system.

Of the known heating boilers, the closest in terms of technical essence/achievable results is the heating boiler /3/, which contains a body in the form of a water framing jacket, framing the furnace / gas flow space, equipped with hollow (hollow) partitions connected to the cavity shirts and forming in the gas flow space/labyrinth gas channel. 29 The disadvantage of the well-known heating boiler when the quantity is increased! more than two heat exchange elements are: "increase in overall dimensions; complication of the boiler design, reduction of production manufacturability / a slight increase in CGID, which is not economically / technically rational. The m/sce also has a reduction in the temperature of the outgoing gases. This leads to the formation of condensate / sputtering conditions for removal from the horizontal surfaces of the heating element/in soot. The design of the boiler is sensitive to sudden changes in the speed of air flows, which can lead to the extinguishing of the igniter and the cessation of the gaseous fuel combustion process. Ge")

The invention is based on increasing efficiency! and intensity! heat exchange between fuel combustion products / heat exchange elements of the structure due to an increase in the area of the convective heat exchange / turbulation of the flow of gaseous / fuel combustion products and a decrease in the mass and dimensions and parameters of the boiler per unit of power.

The problem is solved by the fact that the well-known heating boiler, which has a body in the form of a water jacket framing the furnace / gas duct space, is equipped with a hollow heat exchange element introduced into the internal volume of the boiler, which forms a closed circuit with the cavity of the water jacket the circuit of the heat-carrying medium, as well as in the gas flow space, forms a labyrinth gas channel about "4, the heat exchange element is made L-shaped! shapes with different cross-section sizes / divides the internal volume of the boiler into the combustion chamber / gas flow spaces of fuel combustion products. In the upper part of the water frame jacket above the gas flow space, there is a hatch through which a partition with a cut-out is inserted. with" The hatch is closed with a cover with a heat reflector / fixes the partition. The partition with the upper part of the heat exchange element forms a labyrinth for the passage of gaseous products of fuel combustion. At the same time: the volume of the furnace space of the boiler is i-th И-(0.9...1.7)(22400850)M, cm"; - I height of the upper part of the hollow heat exchange element of the L-shaped form kyu a-( 1...1.7d21,250,625М), mm; cross-sectional area of the boiler flue so Ж Zd-vBZh3, IM, cm;

T" cross-sectional area of the channel for the gases of combustion products leaving, between the end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped heat exchange element and the inner wall of the framing shirt 81-(0.7..0.75)54, cm; 5B cross-sectional area between the horizontal plane of the L-shaped heat exchange element / the upper part of the framing shirt » 55-(0.8...0.85)55, CM; The cross-sectional area of the gas flow space is 537-547, where M is the boiler power in kW.

In the heating boiler, a condensate evaporation device is introduced into the furnace space, which is connected to the gas flow space, and the evaporation device is installed at a level above the fuel combustion zone.

In the heating boiler, the water framing jacket of the body is made in the form of a cylinder, and the upper part of the L-shaped heat exchange element is made in the form of a segmented parallelepiped. 65 The essence of the invention is explained by the drawings, where on fig. 7 shows the longitudinal section of the heating boiler; Fig. 2 - rear view of the boiler; Fig. 3 - section of the heating boiler along A-A; on f/g4 - cross section along B-B.

The positions on the crespens indicate: 7 - framing shirt; 2 - the coolant is not a medium;

C - heat exchange element of L-shaped shape; 4 - furnace space; o - evaporation device; b - slot; 7 - inlet pipe to the heat carrier boiler; 70 8 - partition; 9 - gas flow space; 710 - chimney; 77 - hot water selection nozzle; 12- hatch; 73 - a hatch cover with a heat reflector; 74 - outlet pipe from the heat carrier boiler; 75 - hot water heater; 16 - pot/k of combustion products; 17 - water supply pipe for sub/heating.

Marked on the drawings; building - cross-sectional area of the boiler chimney; 5, - cross-sectional area of the channel for gases of combustion products leaving the furnace space; 55 - cross-sectional area between the horizontal plane of the L-shaped heat exchange element dv / the upper part of the framing shirt; 53, Za - cross-sectional area of the gas flow space; "ta" is the thickness of the internal cavity of the horizontal part of the L-shaped heating element.

To improve the technical indicators / properties of the heat transfer process, the following elements are introduced into the heating boiler: L-shaped heat exchange element 3, hatch 12, hatch cover with a heat reflector 13 / "g from partition 8.

The L-shaped heat exchange element is designed to look like this! of a hollow cavity with a different thickness Me of the cross-section of the horizontal and vertical component parts that form with the framing jacket (body) a closed volumetric circuit of the heat carrier 2 / dividing the internal volume of the boiler into a furnace 4 / gas flow space 9. Above the gas flow part hatch 72 was created in the boiler, through which from 5 inserted partition 8 / with cutout. Partition 8 with the bottom of the framing shirt in the gas flow volume! forms a slot b. The partition 8 is fixed from above by the hatch cover 72 with a heat reflector. Partition 8 divides the gas flow space into two parts. The heat exchange element C, the partition 8 / with the slot b form a labyrinth for the flow of gaseous fuel combustion products 16 to exit the chimney 70. The division of the gas flow space 9 by the partition 8 lengthens the path of combustion products. This contributes to more efficient heat transfer"

Fuel combustion products due to their washing of a larger area of the inner surface of the framing shirt / from the back side of the heat exchange element C, their cooling, which leads to an increase in the CGID.

The L-shaped heat exchange element has advantages both vertically and horizontally. located heating cavities. The vertical constituent part of the L-shaped heating element is made with a cavity thickness equal to the thickness of the cavity of the framing shirt. It provides the most favorable conditions for the circulation of the heat-carrying medium due to the largest temperature difference between the lower and upper horizontal components. The horizontal constituent part of the heat exchange element is installed perpendicular to the heat flow of fuel combustion products, which

Sh- rises. This provides the best conditions for convective / radiative heat transfer between gaseous

GI fuel combustion products / heating element. Due to the relatively small volume of the heat-carrying medium in the horizontal part of the heating element, it is subject to intense heating / and rapid thermal expansion. As a result of this, a directional flow is created, which helps to increase the pressure difference at the inlet 7 / outlet 14 of the heating boiler.

The internal height of the cavity "a" of the horizontal component of the heating element is selected under the condition that it prevents the local boiling of the heat carrier medium in it in order to exclude a decrease in the speed of movement of the heat carrier medium as a result of the formation / entry of air bubbles into the heating system and the formation of noise, which reduces heat transfer from gaseous products of combustion to

P of the heat carrier medium. This excludes the reduction of CLID during operation. Increasing the internal height of the cavity "a" of the horizontal component of the heating element contributes to a decrease in its temperature / reduces the rate of heating of the heat carrier / pressure drop. The latter leads to a slowing down of the circulation in the heat carrier medium / a decrease in the KLID of the heating system.

If the cross-sectional area of the channel 5 is greater than (0.7...0.75)54, the conditions of convective heat exchange between the end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped heat exchange element / the inner wall of the framing jacket 7 for gases leaving the furnace space are broken / efficiency decreases. At 5 1x(0.7...0.75)554, gaseous products do not burn completely, which also reduces the boiler's KLID / contributes to the formation of carbon monoxide / soot, b5 which settles on the heat exchange surfaces. This worsens the conditions of heat transfer / in turn, reduces the EFFICIENCY of the boiler / requires additional cleaning of it from soot. The volume of the furnace space is selected from the condition of obtaining the highest efficiency of the boiler. If the volume of the furnace space of the boiler is Ug2(0.9...1.71)(22400 x 850)M, cm? The efficiency of the boiler decreases due to irrational conditions of heat transfer to the heating elements / excess heat consumption for heating the air in the furnace space, At M "(0.9...1.7(22400x850)M, cm? KP decreases due to incomplete combustion of fuel.

The cross-sectional area of the chimney 51 is limited by regulatory documents / determined by the power of the heating boiler. If doka, TM, cm? will be less than the value established by regulatory documents, then the probability of incomplete combustion of fuel increases / growth of carbon monoxide / soot emissions, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the heating boiler. Increase in the cross-section of the chimney 5 dock, M, cm? contributes 70 to a sharp decrease in the efficiency of heat transfer from the flow of combustion products to the heated elements, /

KLYD of the boiler.

Cross-sectional area between the horizontal plane of the L-shaped heat exchange element / the upper part of the framing shirt 55-(0.8...0.85)5d, cm? chosen under the condition of obtaining the highest efficiency / reducing the formation of soot. t If 55x(0.8...0.85)5d, cm? gaseous products do not burn completely. This reduces the efficiency of the boiler / contributes to the formation of soot that settles on the horizontal part of the heating element, disrupts the conditions of heat transfer to the coolant, which in turn further reduces the efficiency of the boiler / requires additional cleaning of it from soot If 552(0.8...0.85) 54, cm?, then the conditions of heat transfer to the horizontal part of the heating element deteriorate.

When the heating boiler is ignited, a sharp drop in the temperature of the atmospheric air in the room where the boiler is located, a drop in the temperature of the fuel combustion product, condensate forms on the inner walls of the jacket of the chimney space that frames it. Condensate / with fuel combustion products forms chemically active compounds, such as! contribute to the corrosion of the walls of the framing jacket, the reduction of the operational 25 term of the boiler, the deterioration of heat transfer to the heat-carrying medium 2 / the reduction of the efficiency of the boiler. As the condensate increases, it collects at the bottom of the gas flow space 9. To remove condensate, an evaporating device 2 is introduced into the heating boiler. Condensate from the gas flow space 9 flows into the evaporation device 2, which is discharged into the furnace space 4. Condensate from the liquid state in the evaporation device 5 is converted into steam, returns to the flue space 9 / together with gaseous products of fuel combustion is released into the atmosphere. The absence of condensate increases the service life of the heating boiler without reducing the efficiency during the service life. (is)

The hatch cover 13 with a heat reflector provides fixation of the partition 8, creates a directed movement of gaseous fuel combustion products along the labyrinth / reduces the loss of thermal energy through the hatch cover.

The heating boiler works in the following way. The heat-carrying medium 2 through the nozzle / is fed into the lower part of the boiler casing. Fuel is burned in combustion chamber 4. Combustion products form a gaseous flow 16, which washes the inner walls of the jacket 7, the heat exchange element 8, enters the gas flow space 9, where it washes the upper inner wall of the jacket, the back wall of the heating element C, the vertical walls of the jacket in the flue space 9, heat up Their / heat carrier in contact with them 2. Having transferred the main share of thermal energy to these elements; the gaseous stream goes into the chimney. "

The heat carrier, which is located between the inner / outer shells of the upper part of the boiler jacket, gives part of the heat / energy to the water circulating in the water heater! 73 / is used for domestic hot water supply. When the heating system is turned off! all thermal energy of the boiler; with" can be used for hot water supply at any water pressure in the water supply network.

This design of the heating boiler provides the most efficient heat transfer in the heat exchange elements due to the increase of the heat transfer area without increasing the overall dimensions. c The use of new elements in the boiler for heating / hot water supply favorably distinguishes the proposed boiler, because it allows: - to intensify the heat exchange in the furnace / gas flow spaces by improving the conditions of heat transfer from

HF of combustion products to heating elements; slow down the circulation speed of the heat-carrying medium by increasing the speed! heating in is) heat exchange elements;

T" to reduce dimensions / consumption of materials per unit of power! heating boiler due to application

L-shaped heating element / creation of a complex labyrinth of movement of fuel combustion products, which increases the path of their passage / flow area; increase the KHID of the heating boiler; to increase the reliability of the boiler by eliminating the blowing of the igniter in case of sudden changes in the flow

P of atmospheric air.

Sources of Information 7. Author's certificate Liu 1820156 A7, E 24 N t/26, E 23 M 59/06, BY Mo 21, 1998. in 2. Author's certificate Leo 1733867 A7, E 24 H 7/40, Mo 78, 1992 .

Z. Patent of the Russian Federation Mo 2722688, E 24 H 17/00, BY Mo 33, 1998.

Claims (3)

The formula of the invention b5 - p. and and 1. A heating boiler for heating residential and industrial premises and obtaining hot water for domestic needs, which contains a body in the form of a water framing jacket, which frames the furnace and gas passage spaces, equipped with a hollow heat exchange element introduced into the internal volume of the boiler, which forms a cavity the framing jacket forms a closed circuit of the heat-carrying medium, and also forms a labyrinth gas channel in the gas flow space, which is distinguished by the fact that the heat exchange element is L-shaped with a different size of the cross-section and divides the internal volume of the boiler into the combustion chamber and the gas flow spaces of fuel combustion products, and in the upper part of the water framing jacket above the gas flow space there is a hatch through which a partition with a cut-out is inserted, while the hatch is closed with a lid with a heat reflector and fixes the partition, and the volume of the boiler combustion space is 70 M-(0.9...1 ,13(22400-850)M, cm, the height of the upper part of the cavity of the heat exchange element L-shaped: a-(1...1.1X21.25--0.625M), mm, cross-sectional area of the boiler chimney: Zd-8B3.1M, cm, cross-sectional area of the channel for outgoing combustion gases , between the end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped heat exchange element and the inner wall of the shirt framing: 815(0.7...0.75)Zdsm?, the cross-sectional area between the horizontal plane of the L-shaped heat exchange element and the upper part of the shirt , framing: 82-(0.8...0.85)5d, cm, cross-sectional area of the gas flow space: З3-ЗА-Зд, where M is boiler power in kW. 2. The heating boiler according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that a condensate evaporation device is introduced into the furnace space, which is connected to the gas flow space, and the evaporation device is installed above the level of the fuel combustion zone. 3. The heating boiler according to claims 1 and 2, which differs in that the water framing jacket of the body is made in the form of a cylinder, and the upper part of the L-shaped heat exchange element is made in the form of a segment. « (o) c u I c) - and? 1 - and name) se) c» 60 b5