UA63785A - Heating boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

Heating boiler for heating premises has housing as a jacket with heat-carrier medium, this goes round the furnace and the gas duct equipped with hollow partitions, those are connected to the cavity of the jacket by the medium and form in the gas duct a labyrinth gas channel. To the inner volume of the boiler there is installed in vertical position a heat exchange element, this is connected to the cavity of the jacket and parts the flow of gaseous fuel combustion products to two equal parts. Heat-exchange element comprises two parts; a part with variable cross-section, this becomes wider from down to up, and a part with constant cross section, rectangular in shape, in its upper part there is provided a gas channel, it is connected to the smoke chimney. In the channels formed between the inner wall of the jacket going round the furnace and the gas duct and the heat exchange element at the part with constant section an interrupted partition is provided.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to thermal engineering and can be used for heating residential, domestic, 2 industrial premises, which allows the use of a heating boiler for heating individual greenhouses, etc. premises

A well-known water-heating boiler |1,2) is intended for heating, which includes a furnace framed by a water jacket, connected to a window for the exit of combustion products. In the upper part of the firebox there are guide partitions, one of which is located transversely at a distance from the side wall of the firebox with the formation of a passage for 70 combustion products, and the other partition is made in the form of a vertical, open-ended pipe. It is installed between the transverse partition and the upper wall of the firebox, and the open section of the pipe is turned to the side, opposite to the passage mentioned above.

To increase the efficiency of heat exchange, the water boiler has additional partitions, one of which is installed transversely between the windows for the exit of combustion products, and the second is located longitudinally. 12 The disadvantage of the well-known water-heating boiler is that the possibilities for increasing the efficiency of the heat exchange between the partitions and the water filling the water jacket are not fully used, since only the path of the combustion products and their residence time in the furnace space increases, while the heat exchange area remains the same unchanged

The efficiency of heat exchange increases slightly only due to the heat removal from the metal partitions to the 20 walls of the water jacket in the upper part of the boiler. This type of heat transfer does not contribute to ensuring the intensive circulation of water in the heating system. In addition, this design of the boiler is not effective when heating rooms with a volume of less than 300 m 3. Of the known heating boilers, the closest in terms of technical essence to the results achieved is the heating boiler |Z), which contains a body in the form of a water jacket that frames the furnace and a gas duct equipped with empty partitions connected to the cavity 29 of the shirt and forming a labyrinth gas channel in the gas duct. "

The use of this boiler for heating rooms less than 300 m² is not effective because it is relatively bulky for such rooms and works in the mode with intermittent burning of the main burner device. This does not allow you to use its full power. Reducing the overall dimensions of this 30 boiler scheme by reducing the number of heat exchange elements leads to a sharp decrease in its efficiency.

The invention is aimed at increasing the efficiency and intensity of heat exchange between fuel combustion products and heat exchange elements of the boiler design by increasing the area of convective heat exchange by them and turbulating the flow of gaseous fuel combustion products and reducing the mass and size parameters of the boiler per unit of power. This is achieved by the fact that the well-known heating boiler, which contains a body in the form of a jacket with a heat-carrying medium, which frames the furnace and the gas duct, equipped with empty partitions connected to the cavity of the jacket and forming a labyrinth gas channel in the gas duct, in the internal volume a vertically installed heat exchange element connected to the cavity of the jacket and dividing the flow of gaseous fuel combustion products into two equal parts is installed in the boiler tank. A heat exchange element of a complex shape is made in the form of "70. two sections: a section with a variable cross-section that expands from the bottom up and a section with a constant cross-section of a rectangular shape. In the upper part of the heating element, a gas channel is made, which connects to the chimney. In the channels formed between the inner wall of the shirt, which frames the furnace and the gas duct, and the heat exchange element in the area with a constant cross-section, a discontinuous partition is made so that the horizontal cross-section of the flow remains constant and there is no straight through 45 Channel for the exit of combustion products. An intermittent partition is made on the inner wall of the shirt, which frames the furnace and the gas duct, in the form of round or oval hoods, offset relative to each other. A discontinuous partition can be made on a heat exchange element in an area with a constant cross-section in the form of round or oval hoods, offset relative to each other. -1 The essence of the invention is explained by the drawings, where 50 in Fig. 1 shows the longitudinal section of the heating boiler; (o) cross-section of the boiler in Fig. 2; sl in Fig. 3 - a view along A-A of the discontinuous partition made on the inner wall of the boiler jacket, which frames the furnace and the gas duct, in the form of round hoods; Fig. 4 is a view from A-A to the discontinuous partition made on the inner wall of the boiler jacket, which frames the furnace and gas duct, in the form of oval hoods.

The positions on the drawings mean: c. 1 - boiler jacket, which frames the furnace and the gas duct; 2 - heat carrier medium;

C - inner wall of shirt 1; in 4 - outer wall of shirt 1; 5 - heat exchange element; 6 - a section of a heat exchange element with a variable cross-section; 7 - a section of a heat exchange element with a constant cross-section; 8 - furnace space of the boiler; ве 9 - gas flow space of the boiler; - vertical gas channel;

11 - horizontal gas channel; 12 - the partition is discontinuous; 13 - gas pipe; 14 - flow of gaseous fuel combustion products; - outlet pipe of the coolant from the boiler; 16 - inlet pipe of the coolant to the boiler; 17 - gas burner device; 18 - chimney; 70 19 - round hoods; - oval hoods.

To improve the technical parameters and properties of the heat transfer process, an empty heat exchange element 5 (fig. 1 and 2) is introduced into the internal volume of the heating boiler. It is made in the form of two sections: a section of the heat exchange element with a variable cross-section 6, and a section of the heat exchange element /5 with a constant cross-section 7. The heat exchange element 5 forms a closed volume circuit with the jacket 1 (body), which frames the furnace and the gas duct heat transfer medium 2 and divides the internal volume of the boiler into the furnace 8 and gas flow 9 spaces. Moreover, the smallest cross-section of section 6 of the heat exchange element is located closer to the gas burner device 17.

The heat exchange element 5 with the inner wall of the shirt 1 forms a gas flow space 9. It 2o consists of vertical gas flow channels 10, horizontal gas flow channels 11 and a gas passage 13. On the inner wall of the shirt (Fig. 3) round hoods 19 or oval hoods 20 are made (Fig. .4), forming a discontinuous partition 12 with the section 7 of the heat exchange element 5 with a constant cross-section (Figs. 1 and 2). Vertical 10, horizontal 11 gas channels, discontinuous partition 12 and gas channel 13 form a labyrinth for the flow of gaseous fuel combustion products 14 to exit the chimney 18. Division of the gas channel space 2 with a heat exchange element 5 and the creation of vertical 10, horizontal 11 channels lengthens the passage of fuel combustion products 14, and changing the direction of their movement increases their turbulence. This contributes to "more complete combustion of the combustible gas-air mixture and reduction of CO content; effective heat transfer from fuel combustion products due to their washing of a larger area of the inner surface of jacket 1 and heat exchange element 5, increasing the efficiency of the heating boiler. The section of the heat exchange element 5 with variable cross-section 6 (Fig. 2) is installed obliquely to the upward heat flow of fuel combustion products. This provides the best conditions for convective and co-radiative heat exchange between the gaseous products of fuel combustion and the heating element in the furnace space. Due to the relatively small volume of the heat-carrying medium in the lower part of the heating element 5 and its location in the area of high temperatures of exhaust gases of fuel combustion products 14 m) zv It is subject to intense heating and rapid thermal expansion. As a result of this, a difference in the pressure of the coolant between the boiler inlet (pipe 16) and the outlet from the heating boiler (pipe 15) is formed, which creates a directed flow of the coolant.

This design of the heating boiler provides the most effective heat transfer in the heat exchange elements due to the increase of the heat transfer area without increasing the overall dimensions and reduces the temperature of the outgoing gases and the CO content. The heating boiler works in the following way. In the combustion chamber of the boiler 8, a gas-air mixture is burned, supplied by the gas burner device 17. The combustion products form a gaseous flow 14, which is divided into two streams and directed upwards along the narrowing cross-section of the furnace space 8.

The flow of combustion products washes the inner walls of the jacket 1, the side walls of the heat exchange element 5 and enters the gas flow space 9. In the vertical gas flow channels 10, thanks to the discontinuous partition 12

Ge» gaseous flows 14 change the direction of movement, as a result of which their mixing occurs, the heat transfer through the wall of the heating element 5 in the area of the heat exchange element with a constant cross section 7 and the inner wall of the jacket 1 to the heat-carrying medium of the boiler is improved. When the gaseous streams 14 rise through the vertical gas flow channels 10, they pass into the horizontal gas flow channel 11. In the horizontal gas flow channel, the horizontal flows 14 are directed to meet each other. At the meeting point of the separated streams 14 in the horizontal gas channel, they inhibit each other, mix and change the direction of movement. This improves heat transfer from the gaseous flow in the gas duct 13 to the heat transfer medium 2 located in the heating element and boiler jacket. The gaseous stream 14, having transferred the main part of the thermal energy to the specified elements of the boiler, goes into the chimney 18.

The use of new elements in the boiler favorably distinguishes the proposed boiler, because it allows - to intensify the heat exchange in the furnace and gas flow space by improving the conditions of heat transfer from

P" of combustion products to heating elements; - to increase the circulation rate of the heat-carrying medium by increasing the heating rate in the heat exchange elements; 60 - to reduce the dimensions and consumption of materials per unit of power of the heating boiler due to the use of a vertically installed heating element, an intermittent partition in the vertical gas channel and the creation of a complex labyrinth of movement of fuel combustion products, which increases the path of their passage and the washing area; - increase the efficiency of the heating boiler; 65 - to increase the reliability of boiler operation due to the exclusion of blowing of the igniter in case of sudden changes in the flow of atmospheric air;

- to improve service conditions during operation.

Sources of information 1. Author's certificate Mo1820156 A1, E24Н1/26, E23МО9/О6, BI Mo21, 1993. 2. Author's certificate Mo1733867 A1, E24Н1/40, BI Mo18, 1992. 3. Patent of the Russian Federation Mo2122688, E24Н1/00, BI Mo33, 1998.

Claims (4)

The formula of the invention and She, what, what 1. A heating boiler for space heating, which contains a case in the form of a jacket with a heat-carrying medium that frames the furnace and gas duct, equipped with hollow partitions that are connected to the cavity of the jacket by the medium and form a labyrinth gas channel in the gas duct, which differs in that the internal inside the boiler is a vertically installed heat exchange element, which is connected to the cavity of the jacket and divides the flow of gaseous products of fuel combustion into two equal parts, while the heat exchange element consists of two sections - a section with a variable cross-section that expands from the bottom up, and a section with constant cross-section of a rectangular shape, in the upper part of which a gas channel is made, which is connected to the chimney, and in the channels formed between the inner wall of the shirt, which frames the furnace and the gas channel, and the heat exchange element in the area with a constant cross-section, or An intermittent partition is made so , that the horizontal section of the flow remains i is permanent and there is no straight through channel for the exit of combustion products. 2. The heating boiler according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the discontinuous partition is made on the inner wall of the shirt, which frames the furnace and the gas duct, in the form of round hoods, displaced relative to each other. 3. The heating boiler according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the discontinuous partition is made on the inner wall of the shirt, which frames the furnace and the gas duct, in the form of oval hoods, shifted relative to each other. 4. The heating boiler according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the discontinuous partition is made on the heat exchange element in the section with a constant cross-section in the form of round or oval hoods, shifted relative to each other. IF) (ee) in (ze) (Se) - and? (o) (95) - and (ee) sl 60 b5