UA56561A - Heating boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

Heating boiler for heating dwelling, industrial premises and for delivery of hot water for industrial purposes has housing arranged as water-jacket, rectangular in shape, this surrounds the furnace and gas duct, this is equipped with hollow partitions connected to the cavity of surrounding jacket and forming in the gas duct labyrinth gas channel, and water-heater element for hot water supply. At that, to the inner surface of the boiler heat-exchanger element is included, as a hollow partition, e-like in shape, with widened upper part, this separates the inner volume of the boiler to furnace and gas duct spaces of combustion products.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to thermal engineering and can be used for heating residential and industrial premises and hot water supply for domestic needs, which allows the use of a heating boiler in canteens, rural hospitals, farms, greenhouses, etc. premises

The well-known water heating boiler |1, 2) is designed for heating and hot water supply, containing a firebox framed by a water jacket, connected to a window for the exit of combustion products. In the upper part of the furnace there are guide partitions, one of which is located transversely at a distance from the side wall of the furnace with 710 formation of a passage for combustion products, and the other partition is made in the form of a vertical open shell. It is installed between the transverse partition and the upper wall of the firebox, and the open part of the shell is turned to the side, opposite to the passage mentioned above.

To increase the efficiency of heat exchange, the water boiler is equipped with additional partitions, one of which is installed transversely between the windows for the exit of combustion products, and the second is located longitudinally. 12 The disadvantage of known water-heating boilers is that the possibilities for increasing the efficiency of the heat exchange between the partitions and the water filling the water jacket are not fully used, because only the path of the combustion products and their residence time in the furnace space increases, while the heat exchange area remains unchanged

The efficiency of heat exchange increases slightly only due to the heat dissipation from the metal partitions to the 20 walls of the water framing jacket in the upper part of the boiler. This nature of heat transfer does not contribute to ensuring the intensity of water circulation in the heating system.

Of the known heating boilers, the closest in terms of technical essence and the results achieved is the heating boiler |Z), which contains a body in the form of a water framing jacket, which frames the furnace and the gas duct, equipped with empty partitions connected to the cavity of the framing jacket and forming 25 in Gas ducts are a labyrinth gas channel. "

The disadvantage of a well-known heating boiler when the number of heat exchange elements is increased by more than two is: an increase in overall dimensions, a complication of the boiler design, a decrease in the manufacturability of manufacturing and a slight increase in efficiency, which is economically and technically not rational, in addition, it contributes to a decrease in the temperature of the outgoing gases, which leads to increased formation of condensate and deterioration of conditions -- 30 removal of soot from horizontal surfaces of heating elements. The design of the boiler is sensitive to sudden changes in the speed of air flows, which can lead to extinguishing of the igniter and cessation of the combustion process of gaseous fuel. at

The invention is aimed at increasing the efficiency and intensity of heat exchange between the combustion products of the fuel and the heat exchange elements of the boiler design due to the increase in the area of convective heat exchange and the 3o turbulence of the flow of gaseous products of fuel combustion and the reduction of the mass and size parameters of the boiler by o unit of power.

This is achieved by the fact that the well-known heating boiler, which contains a body in the form of a water framing jacket of a rectangular shape, which frames the furnace and the gas duct, is equipped with empty partitions, connected by the cavity of the framing jacket and forming a labyrinth gas channel in the gas duct and a water heating element for hot water supply, a heat exchange element in the form of an empty L-shaped cavity with an expanded upper part is introduced into the internal volume of the boiler. The ends of the heat exchange element

"Iz" are connected to the inner wall of the framing shirt, forming with the cavity of the framing shirt, a closed circuit of the heat-carrying medium. This element divides the internal volume of the boiler into the combustion chamber and gas flow spaces of fuel combustion products. Moreover, in the extended upper part of the L-shaped partition, a water heating element is introduced for the selection of hot water for domestic needs. Part of the gas flow channel, i.e. formed between the back side of the heat exchange element and the inner walls of the framing shirt,

Gee! separated by a removable partition, which is introduced through the formed hatch in the upper part of the framing jacket of the boiler, rests on the condensate evaporator installed in the lower part of the gas flow space - a gas turbine and is fixed by a hatch cover with a heat reflector.

Gee! 20 The essence of the invention is explained by the drawings, where Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a heating boiler; in Fig. 2 - rear view of the boiler; Fig. 3 shows a section of the heating boiler along A-A; Fig. 4 is a section along B-B. and Positions on the drawings indicate: 1 - a framing shirt that frames the furnace and the gas duct; 2 - heat carrier medium; 29 C - an empty L-shaped partition (heat exchange element); in. 4 - furnace space; 5 - condensate evaporator - gas turbulator; 6 - slot; 7 - inlet pipe to the boiler of the heat-carrying medium; bo 8 - removable partition; 9 - gas flow space; - chimney; 11 - hot water selection nozzle; 12 - hatch; bo 13 - a hatch cover with a heat reflector;

14 - outlet pipe from the heat carrier boiler; 15 - water heating element of hot water supply; 16 - flow of combustion products; 17 - water supply pipe for heating; 18 - expanding upper part of the empty partition; 19 - vertical component of an empty partition;:; / - the back side of the empty partition; 21 - the front side of the empty partition; 70 22 - the inner wall of the framing shirt; 23 - the outer wall of the framing shirt; 24 - lower wall.

To improve the technical indicators and properties of the heat transfer process, the following elements are introduced into the heating boiler: an empty L-shaped partition З with an expanded upper part 18, which performs 7/5 the role of a heat exchange element, in which a water heating element for hot water supply 15 is installed, a hatch 12, a cover a hatch with a heat reflector 13 and a removable partition 8.

The empty L-shaped partition Z is made with a different size of the cross-section: an expanded horizontal component 18 and a vertical component 19, equal to the cross-section of the framing jacket 1 of the boiler body, and divides the internal volume of the boiler into the furnace 4 and the gas flow spaces 9. 20 Cavities of the heat exchanger element C with the framing jacket of the boiler 1 form a closed circuit of the heat carrier medium 2. A hatch 12 is created above the gas flow part of the boiler, through which a removable partition 8 is installed. reflector and divides the gas flow space between the back side of the empty partition 20 and the inner walls of the framing shirt 1 into two equal parts.

An empty partition 3, a removable partition 8 with a condensate evaporator: a gas turbulator 5 and a slot b form a labyrinth for the flow of gaseous fuel combustion products 16 (marked by arrows) to exit the chimney 10. Dividing the gas flow space 9 by a removable partition 8 lengthens the passage of combustion products. Condensate evaporator - gas turbulator 5 increases their turbulation when gaseous products of fuel combustion pass through the slot b. This contributes to more efficient heat transfer of combustion products from the fuel due to their washing of a larger area of the inner surface of the framing shirt 1 and the back side 20 of the heat exchange element 3, turbulence of the flow of fuel combustion products. This leads to an increase in the efficiency of the heating boiler. yu

The L-shaped hollow partition contains the advantages of vertically and horizontally located heating cavities. The vertical constituent part of the L-shaped heating element ise) c5 Made with a cavity thickness that is equal to the thickness of the cavity of the framing shirt. It provides the most favorable conditions for the circulation of the heat-carrying medium due to the largest temperature difference between the lower and upper horizontal component parts. The lower wall 24 of the horizontally expanded part of the heat exchange element C is installed perpendicular to the upward heat flow of fuel combustion products. This provides the best conditions for convective and radiant heat exchange between the gaseous products of fuel combustion and the heating element in the furnace space. Due to the relatively 7-3) small volume of the heat-carrying medium in the horizontally component part of the heating element and the location in the area of high temperatures of the exhaust gases of fuel combustion products, it is susceptible to;" intensive heating and its rapid thermal expansion. As a result of this, a directed flow is created, which helps to increase the pressure difference at the inlet 7 and outlet 14 of the heating boiler and improve the conditions of heat transfer to the water heating element of the hot water supply 15. c The volume of the horizontal component of the expanded cavity of the heat exchange element C is selected from the condition that prevents local boiling of the heat carrier environment in it, in order to exclude a decrease in speed

Me. movement of the heat carrier as a result of the formation and entry of bubbles from the air into the heating system and the formation of noise on the lower wall 24, which reduces the heat transfer from the gaseous products of combustion to the heat carrier medium. This excludes a decrease in the efficiency of the heating boiler in the process

Me, exploitation. The dimensions of the water heating element of the hot water supply 15 and the selection of hot water are chosen under conditions that prevent the circulation of the heat carrier from slowing down and reducing the efficiency of the heating system.

When the boiler is ignited, a sharp decrease in the temperature of the atmospheric air in the room where the boiler is located, a decrease in the temperature of the outgoing gases, fuel combustion products, condensate is formed on the inner walls of the lining jacket of the flue space. Condensate with combustion products

P fuel forms chemically active compounds that contribute to the corrosion of the walls of the framing jacket, the reduction of the operational life of the boiler, the deterioration of heat transfer to the heat carrier medium 2 and the reduction of the efficiency of the boiler. As the condensate increases, it collects at the bottom of the gas flow space 9. To remove condensate, a condensate evaporator - gas turbulator 5 is introduced into the heating boiler. Condensate from the gas flow space 9 flows into the evaporation device - turbulizer 5. Condensate from a liquid state in the evaporator 5 is converted into steam due to its heating by exhaust gases of combustion products, returns to the flue space 9 and, together with gaseous products of fuel combustion, is thrown into. the atmosphere The absence of condensate increases the service life of the heating boiler without reducing efficiency. 65 The hatch cover 13 with a heat reflector provides fixation of the partition 8, creates a directed movement of gaseous fuel combustion products along the labyrinth and reduces thermal energy losses through the hatch cover.

The heating boiler works in the following way. The heat-carrying medium 2 is supplied through the nozzle 7 to the lower part of the framing jacket of the boiler. Fuel is burned in combustion chamber 4. Combustion products form a gaseous flow 16 that washes the inner walls 22 of the framing shirt 1, the front side 21 of the empty L-shaped partition 3, enters the gas flow space 9, where it washes the upper inner wall of the framing shirt, the back side 21 of the empty partition, the vertical walls of the framing shirts in the flue space 9, they are heated by the coolant 2, which is in contact with them at the same time.

Having transferred the main share of thermal energy to these elements, the gaseous flow of combustion products goes into the chimney.

The heat carrier, which is located in the upper part of the heat exchange element 3, gives part of the thermal energy 7/o to the Water, which circulates through the water heating element of the hot water supply 15, which is used for domestic needs. When the heating system is turned off, all the thermal energy of the boiler can be used for hot water supply at any water pressure in the water supply network.

This design of the heating boiler provides the most efficient heat transfer in the heat exchange elements due to the increase of the heat transfer area without increasing the overall dimensions and, due to the presence /5 hatch 12, removable partition 8 and removable condensate evaporator - gas turbulator 5, provides easy access to all areas of the flue space for cleaning from soot.

The use of new elements in the boiler for heating and hot water supply favorably distinguishes the proposed boiler, because it allows: to intensify the heat exchange in the furnace and gas flow spaces by improving the conditions of heat transfer from the combustion products to the heating elements; increase the circulation speed of the heat-carrying medium by increasing the heating speed in the heat exchange elements; to reduce the dimensions and consumption of materials per unit of power of the heating boiler due to the use

L-shaped empty partition and the creation of a complex labyrinth of movement of fuel combustion products, which increases the path of their passage and the washing area; increase the efficiency of the heating boiler; "to increase the reliability of the boiler operation by eliminating the blowing of the igniter in case of sudden changes in the atmospheric air flow; improve service conditions during operation. "- zo Literature: 1. Author's certificate Mo 1820156 A1, E24Н 1/26, E 23 M 9/06, BY Mo21, 1993. ise) 2. Author's certificate Mo 1733867 A1, E24Н 1/40, Mo 18, 1992. 3. Patent of the Russian Federation Mo 2122688, E24Н 1/00, BY Mo 33, 1998. (Se)

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Claims (1)

The formula of the invention of A heating boiler for heating residential and industrial premises and hot water selection for domestic needs, which contains a body in the form of a water framing jacket of a rectangular shape, which frames the furnace and " a gas duct equipped with hollow partitions connected to the cavity of the framing jacket and forming a labyrinth gas channel in the gas duct, and a water heating element for hot water supply, which is distinguished by the fact that a heat exchange element in the form of a hollow is introduced into the internal volume of the boiler: L-shaped partitions with an expanded upper part, dividing the internal volume of the boiler into the combustion chamber and gas passage spaces for fuel combustion products, and a water heating element for hot water supply is inserted into the expanded upper part of the L-shaped partition cavity, and the gas passage part of the channel formed between the rear side of the hollow partition and the inner walls of the framing shirt, separated by a removable partition inserted through the created hatch in the upper part of the framing Me, the jacket of the boiler, with a fixed cover with a heat reflector, which rests on a condensate evaporator installed in the lower part of the gas flow space - a gas turbulator. b 50 - R 60 b5