UA15833U - Method for manufacture of the forgings of stepped shafts - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for manufacture of the forgings of stepped shafts includes roughing of the ingot, precipitation, and drawing first for square section and one more for the diameter, then the additional drawing of the billet is accomplished. Additional drawing is accomplished by transverse rolling by two parallel plates, which is periodically subjected to radial supply relative to the billet and moved one to another for deformation of the external surface of billet by multipass rolling.

Description

Description of the invention

The useful model refers to the field of metal processing by pressure, and more precisely - to the preliminary processing of blanks 2 in order to obtain stepped forgings and can be used in the manufacture of rolling shafts having a stepped shape.

There is a known method of forging forgings, in which the drawing of the ingot is carried out to a rectangular cross-section along its axis, and the separation is carried out along the same axis with the production of two intermediate blanks of a rectangular cross-section and the departure of the same cross-section, which includes the axial zone of the ingot | see, for example, the description of author's certificate of the USSR 70. Mo1171168, IPC B211/041.

The specified method ensures the quality of forgings due to the removal of the axial zone of the ingot on the obtained blanks with a rectangular cross-section. However, this method cannot be used when forging blanks of round cross-section, which are widely used in the production of stepped shafts, which limits the nomenclature of forgings. 12 This shortcoming is eliminated in another known method of manufacturing forgings of stepped shafts, which is the closest analogue | see, for example, the description of the declaratory patent of Ukraine for the invention Mob4262А, IPC

B211/04).

The known method and the one that is claimed have the following similar features: the ingot is billeted, precipitated, first drawn to a square cross-section and again to a diameter, after which additional drawing of each blank is carried out.

The disadvantage of the known method is the considerable labor-intensiveness of mechanical processing of forgings of stepped shafts due to their significant allowance, which is caused by their non-roundness as a result of forging and non-alignment of the stepped parts of the forgings.

The useful model is based on the task of reducing the cost of the manufacturing method of stepped shafts 22 by reducing the forging allowance and at the expense of the technical result, which consists in more rational deformation of the workpiece during the final technological operation - additional drawing.

To achieve this technical result in a way! production of forgings of stepped shafts, in which the ingot is billeted, precipitated, and then drawn first to a square cross-section and again - to a diameter, after which additional drawing of the workpiece is carried out - additional drawing is carried out by transverse rolling with two parallel plates, which are periodically fed radially relative to the workpiece and so are moved to each other to deform the outer surface of the workpiece by multi-pass pumping.

There is a cause-and-effect relationship between the distinguishing features of a useful model and the technical result achieved. oh

Due to the additional stretching of the workpiece by transverse rolling between two parallel plates 39 with a profile surface corresponding in cross-section to the profile of the workpiece of the stepped shaft with - taking into account the specified allowance for mechanical processing, and periodic radial feed relative to the workpiece of the plates towards each other, the final formation takes place forging a stepped shaft, namely, ensuring the straightness of the forging axis, concentricity and cylindricity of all its steps, due to which allowances for mechanical processing are reduced and the labor intensity of the latter is reduced. C 70 The technological scheme for the production of forgings of stepped shafts is shown in the drawings, where: c in Fig. 1 shows a billeted ingot and a cut block;

From" in Fig. 2 - deposited block to a given diameter; in Fig. 3 - a stretched block with a square cross-section; in Fig. 4 - the blank is drawn to the diameter and the final waste is cut off; in Fig. 5 - the final formation of the stepped shaft blank between the profiled plates. - The proposed method is carried out in the following sequence of actions: 4! - the initial ingot is billeted to the diameter ay and the bottom and upper parts are removed (Fig. 1), that is, block 1 is obtained; because - block 1 is deposited to a height that is 0.4 of its original height (Fig. 2). The deposited block 2 is edged on the forge, so 20 is installed along the punch of the press and drawn onto the square Z with a side equal to 0.8-0.9 of the diameter of the original ingot (Fig. 3), while the longitudinal axis 04-03 of the square is perpendicular to the original axis O-O of the original c" ingot; - the square block C is drawn along the entire length in the direction of the axis 04-04 of the preliminary drawing to the diameter a, (Fig. 4) and the end necks of the workpiece 4 of the stepped shaft are pressed to the diameters d" and dz and cut off 52 final scraps. c - the step blank 4 is additionally stretched by transverse rolling with two parallel plates 5 and 6 (Fig. 5), which are periodically fed radially relative to the forging and moved one to another to deform the outer surface of the blank by multi-pass pumping.

From the description, it follows that due to the additional drawing of the blank 4, the accuracy of manufacturing 60 of the forging is increased and the labor-intensiveness of the subsequent mechanical processing is reduced, which allows the use of the proposed method for small-scale and serial production of stepped shafts.

This method was simulated in laboratory conditions. Additional stretching of the workpiece, which forms the basis of the claimed method, was tested. The forging of the stepped shaft was simulated by a billet made of cast aluminum alloy AL2, which has a yield strength comparable to the yield strength of steel at a temperature of 900-10002С, 69 | which has step sizes of 70180mm, 105500mm, 80300mm. The curvature of the axis along the length of the workpiece was U8Omm

4mm, out-of-roundness of horse necks 7Omm and 8Omm to BbBmm, out-of-roundness of barrel up to 7mm. Additional stretching was carried out by transverse rolling between two parallel plates having a profile corresponding to the profile of the workpiece with steps of 0200 mm, 35500 mm, 1030 Ωm, while the movable plate was lowered by 4 mm along the plane of separation. The movement of the movable plate in the direction of rolling was 39 mm, the initial distance between the plates in the area of the barrel of the workpiece was 109 mm, the radial feed of the plate relative to the workpiece increased with each rolling. When the distance between the plates in the area of the barrel of the workpiece was 10 mm, the rolling was completed.

After additional stretching, the curvature of the axis of the barrel did not exceed 1 mm, the non-roundness of the end necks and the barrel - Zmm. 70 Thus, the test results confirm the possibility of significantly reducing allowances for mechanical processing and thereby reducing its labor intensity, as well as reducing metal consumption for the manufacture of stepped shafts.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention. The method of manufacturing stepped shaft forgings, in which the ingot is billeted, precipitated, and then drawn first to a square section and again to a diameter, after which additional drawing of the workpiece is carried out, which is distinguished by the fact that additional drawing is carried out by transverse rolling with two parallel plates, which periodically provide a radial feed relative to the workpiece and move one to another to deform the outer surface of the workpiece by multi-pass pumping. that 2 (ze) (ze) (ee) IF) yo - and? - 1 (ee) (95) syu» 60 b5