UA150817U - Method of burning liquid together with fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of burning liquid together with fuel involves the following steps: a) obtaining a hydrogen-containing combustible mixture from the liquid, including: - supply of liquid from the liquid tank to the hydrogen generator, followed by the formation of a mixture of water and approximately 30% of the mixture of atomic hydrogen and oxygen; - supply of the resulting mixture into the induction water heater, followed by heating to 100 °C and the formation of a mixture of water, atomic hydrogen, oxygen and steam; b) supply of hydrogen-containing combustible mixture formed at stage a) through a pipeline for supplying a mixture of water and atomic hydrogen and oxygen to the four-chamber insulation space of the heat generator, followed by its sequential heating in each of the chambers to the final temperature of 1200 °C, the formation of dry steam and its supply through the pipeline to the burner for the supply of dry steam, hydrogen and oxygen in the combustion chamber of the heat generator; c) the supply of fuel through the pipeline for supplying hydrocarbon fuel to the burner for combustion hydrocarbon fuel; d) air injection through the pipeline 1 of compressed air to the burner for burning hydrocarbon fuel in the combustion chamber of the heat generator; e) air injection through a fan 5 into the combustion chamber of the heat generator; f) mixing products obtained at steps b), c), d) and e) in the combustion chamber of the heat generator and burning thereof at a temperature of 1300 to 2500 °C. The steps b), c), d) and e) are carried out simultaneously; and the content of fossil fuel in the mixture with compressed air and the mixture of dry steam, hydrogen and oxygen of the step b) in the combustion chamber of the heat generator is 20-50%.

Description

The useful model belongs to methods of burning liquid together with fuel, mainly fossil fuel (natural gas, oil, diesel fuel, peat, coal, fuel oil), in particular to methods of burning various types of liquid - liquid manure and/or wastewater together with natural gas.

There are various ways of burning fuel, mainly fossil fuel, in particular natural gas, or other types of it, the task of which is to burn it as completely as possible with minimal emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere.

From the patent of Ukraine No. 51844 for the invention, a method of burning natural gas in the oncoming air flow is known, which includes air supply, supply of natural gas through gas distribution holes of gas burner devices, mixture formation, ignition of a mixture of natural gas and air, in which, according to the invention, supply natural gas is carried out through gas distribution holes, the ratio of the distances between which to their diameter is 2...5. Natural gas can be supplied perpendicular to the incoming air flow. From the patent of Ukraine Mo 72369 for a useful model, a method of burning natural gas is known, which includes its supply through holes perpendicular to the air flow, preparation of a homogeneous gas-air mixture, initial combustion, which is carried out in the first chamber into which natural gas is supplied, supply of heated air, and complete combustion is completed in the second chamber due to the supply of additional air. The disadvantages of the methods according to these two patents are the use of only air flow for burning natural gas with the formation of a mixture of natural gas and air, which has a relatively low temperature and, as a result, does not provide sufficiently complete combustion of natural gas, and emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere do not correspond to the latest global regulations, in particular the regulations established in the countries of the European Union.

From the international application UMO2003064926, an industrial incinerator for the treatment of waste water is known, comprising combustion means to burn liquid fuel in a burner, a fuel supply pipeline for supplying fuel to the combustion means and means for transferring fuel together with fuel flow control means, which are mounted in the fuel supply pipeline, and the specified industrial combustion device contains: fuel flow detection means for determining the fuel flow supplied by the fuel supply pipeline; mixing means for mixing fuel and wastewater to be treated; sewage injection pipeline for sewage injection, which connects the fuel supply pipeline, located at the entrance to the mixing means; sewage flow detection means placed on the sewage pumping pipeline to determine the sewage flow; sewage flow control means for sewage flow control; sewage transfer means for sewage transportation; means for setting the injection ratio of the "multipoint" type, with the possibility of setting the required injection ratio at many points for the flow of waste water and fuel; and proportional control means determining, if necessary, the required wastewater flow based on the required injection ratio and set by means for setting the "multipoint" type injection ratio, as well as by a flow signal sent from said means of determining the flow of fuel, and outputs a signal of proportionality to the means of controlling the flow of waste water. Disadvantages of this device are too complicated design, which complicates its implementation and operation.

From the international application M/O2013095190A1, a method of obtaining hydrogen-containing gaseous fuel of a turbo-generator installation is known. The multistage method of obtaining hydrogen-containing gaseous fuel (H.G. Arakelyan's method) is carried out in a turbogenerator unit that implements at least three stages of separation of technological flows and includes the separation of the water supply and the hydrocarbon component, water in the first stage is supplied for heating and steam generation, in the second stage supply of a hydrocarbon component, which is mixed with steam by the injection method, the mixture is heated and sent to the third and subsequent stages of heating to obtain fuel, the fuel obtained from the last stage is sent to the system inlet for ignition to form a fire torch, which heats the technological cylinder of multi-stage fuel formation, torch , part of the fuel goes to external consumption. This method is chosen as the closest analogue. Its main disadvantage is that already at the second stage of obtaining hydrogen-containing gaseous fuel, heated water is mixed with a hydrocarbon component, and thus the hydrocarbon component (fossil fuel) takes part in the further heating of water, and to obtain the final product of the method (hydrogen-containing gaseous fuel) of its consumption increases significantly.

So, there is a technical problem: on the one hand, reducing the use of fossil fuels in general and natural gas in particular (currently, such a problem has become even more urgent due to its significant increase in price), and on the other hand, ensuring such an industrially suitable way of burning fossil fuels in general and natural gas gas, in particular, which would reduce emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere to an acceptable minimum, respectively, primarily for countries

EU, and which could be implemented relatively simply in practice.

The task is solved using a method of burning liquid together with fuel, which includes the following stages: a) obtaining a hydrogen-containing combustible mixture from the liquid, which includes: - the flow of liquid from the container for liquid 8 to the hydrogen generator 7, followed by the formation of a mixture of water and approximately 30 95 mixtures of atomic hydrogen and oxygen; - entry of the formed mixture into the induction water heater 6 with subsequent heating to 100 "C and formation of a mixture of water, atomic hydrogen, oxygen and steam; b) entry of a hydrogen-containing combustible mixture formed at stage a) through pipeline 9 for supplying a mixture of water and atomic hydrogen and oxygen to the four-chamber interwall space of the heat generator 4, followed by its successive heating in each of the chambers to a final temperature of 1200 "С, the formation of dry steam and its entry through the pipeline to the burner

With for supplying dry steam, hydrogen and oxygen in the combustion chamber of the heat generator 4; c) fuel supply through pipeline 2 for supplying hydrocarbon fuel to the burner 10 for burning hydrocarbon fuel; d) air injection through pipeline 1 of compressed air to the burner 10 for burning hydrocarbon fuel in the combustion chamber of the heat generator 4; e) injection of air through the fan 5 into the combustion chamber of the heat generator 4; e) mixing the products obtained in stages b), c), d) and e) in the combustion chamber of the heat generator 4 and burning them there at a temperature from 1300 "C to 2500 C; in which, according to the useful model, stages b), c), d) and e) are carried out simultaneously; and the content of fossil fuel in a mixture with compressed air and a mixture of dry steam,

From the hydrogen and oxygen of stage b) in the indicated combustion chamber of the heat generator 4 is 20-50 95.

The technical result of the method according to the useful model is the simplicity of implementation; final combustion in the combustion chamber of 99 95 harmful substances contained in fossil fuel; a sharp reduction in the consumption of fossil fuels - in particular, when using natural gas as a fossil fuel, its consumption will be up to 50 95 less than with any known method from the state of the art, with the same thermal and electrical energy produced; as well as a very significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, including CO."

The drawing illustrates the general scheme of implementing the method according to a useful model with the following positions: 1 - compressed air pipeline; 2 - pipeline for supplying hydrocarbon fuel;

C - a burner for supplying dry steam, hydrogen and oxygen to the combustion chamber; 4 - heat generator; 5 - fan for air supply; 6 - induction water heater; 7 - hydrogen generator; 8 - water container; 9 - pipeline for feeding a mixture of water and atomic hydrogen and oxygen into the vaporization chamber; 10 - a burner for burning hydrocarbon fuel.

The method of burning fuel together with liquid according to a useful model is carried out as follows.

Stage a) obtaining a hydrogen-containing combustible mixture from a liquid.

The liquid requiring preliminary storage is supplied from the liquid container 8 to the hydrogen generator 7, where it is heated and partially (approximately 30 95) decomposes into atomic hydrogen and oxygen and forms a hydrogen-containing combustible mixture under the influence of a catalyst, which is piped to the induction heater 6, where a temperature of 100 "c is reached.

The hydrogen generator 7 itself is of the flow type, in which, under the action of a constant electric current, interatomic bonds in water molecules are weakened and this contributes to their decomposition into H and O atoms at relatively low temperatures.

Stage b) the arrival of the hydrogen-containing combustible mixture formed in stage a) through the pipeline for supplying a mixture of water and atomic hydrogen and oxygen to the four-chamber interwall space of the heat generator, followed by its successive heating in each of the chambers to a final temperature of 1200 "С, the formation of dry steam and its entry through the pipeline to the burner for supplying dry steam, hydrogen and oxygen in the combustion chamber of the heat generator.

At this stage, there is a further sequential increase in the temperature of the hydrogen-containing combustible mixture in each of the four chambers of the interwall space of the heat generator to a final temperature of 1200 "C; namely: in the first chamber to 400-450 "C, in the second to 500-700 "C, in the third to 700-800 "C, and in the fourth to 1000-1200 "C. From there, the already combustible mixture is fed through the pipeline to the burner C for the supply of dry steam, hydrogen and oxygen in the combustion chamber of the heat generator 4.

Stage c) inflow of fuel through the pipeline 2 for supplying hydrocarbon fuel to the burner 10 for burning hydrocarbon fuel.

At this stage, fossil (mainly hydrocarbon) fuels, in addition to natural gas, require preliminary storage. From the storage through the fuel supply pipeline 2, the fossil fuel enters the burner 10 for burning hydrocarbon fuel, where it is ignited. d) injection of air through the compressed air pipeline to the burner for burning hydrocarbon fuel in the combustion chamber of the heat generator.

This stage is necessary so that the hydrocarbon fuel is brought into contact with compressed air in the burner 10 for burning hydrocarbon fuel and enters the combustion chamber of the heat generator 4 from there under additional pressure. d) air injection through the fan 5 into the combustion chamber of the heat generator 4.

This stage is necessary for the constant uniform movement of the ignited mixture of hydrocarbon fuel and hydrogen-containing combustible mixture in the combustion chamber of the heat generator 4. e) mixing the products obtained in stages b), c), d) and e) in the combustion chamber of the heat generator 4 and burning them there at temperature from 1300 "C to 2500 "C.

At this stage, in the combustion chamber of heat generator 4, a hydrogen-containing combustible mixture containing dry steam, hydrogen and oxygen atoms from stages a) and b) is mixed with preheated fossil fuel at stage c) and with compressed air from stage d), its ignition and

From the output under air pressure from stages d) and e) and the movement of the formed flame through the combustion chamber of the heat generator 4. Then the flame from it enters further into the boiler. The combustion chamber provides a high temperature from 1200 to 1500 C, at which up to 9995 harmful substances are burned.

The temperature in the combustion chamber at different technological modes, depending on the type of liquid and fossil fuel used, can reach from 1800 to 2200 "C. Unlike the closest analogue, where the heated fossil fuel is mixed with water vapor even before entering the burner, significantly increasing its consumption - when implementing the method according to the useful model, this happens already in the burner, where it is not necessary to use heated fossil fuel for additional heating of water vapor; and accordingly, the equipment can work at 98 95 on a hydrogen-containing combustible mixture and only 2 956 of hydrocarbon fuel to maintain a flame torch in combustion chamber of heat generator 4 due to the fact that the mixture will mainly consist of atoms of H, C, and superheated dry steam.So, compared to the closest analogue, this way there is a very significant (several times) saving of fossil fuel.

To further increase the temperature in combustion chamber 1, its inner part is covered with polycarbonate, which can withstand high temperatures from 1300 to 2500 "С.

In yet another embodiment of the utility model, the fuel is natural gas and the liquid is selected from the group consisting of water, liquid manure, and/or sewage; at the same time, stage c) is carried out when natural gas is directly supplied to the burner 10 for burning hydrocarbon fuel. In this case, at stage c), natural gas that does not require prior storage can directly enter the burner 10 for burning hydrocarbon fuel from the central storage through the natural gas pipeline, which are existing natural gas distribution lines.

In another version of the implementation of the utility model, the fuel is used motor oil or fuel oil.

Preliminary storage of all types of fuel, except for natural gas and all types of liquid used in the implementation of the method according to this useful model, is necessary so that their mixture enters the combustion chamber of the heat generator 4.

The two burners in the combustion chamber of the heat generator 4 and the high temperatures created by the above mixture can also be used to produce steam. This leads to the generation of electricity. Thermal energy when implementing the method according to the useful 60 model can be used in industry, communal economy, institutions and private individuals. Burners are manufactured individually for all types of hydrocarbon fuel and types of boilers and furnaces for obtaining heat, including steam. The burners can be replaced in the heat generator and, thus, it is possible to transfer the heat generator to different types of hydrocarbon fuel.

Experiments have shown that when the method is implemented according to a useful model, 99 95 harmful substances contained in fossil fuels are burned in the combustion chamber; when using natural gas as a fossil fuel, its consumption is 10-50 95 less than with any known prior art method. This meets the needs of most countries, especially EU countries, to drastically reduce harmful emissions and natural gas consumption. Due to the almost complete combustion of natural gas and the use of agricultural waste as fuel, greenhouse gas emissions are also significantly reduced, including

So".

After the turbogenerator equipment reaches a temperature regime of 1800-2200 "С, it can work at 98 95 on a hydrogen-containing combustible mixture and 2 9o of hydrocarbon fuel to maintain the torch due to the fact that the mixture consists of H, O and superheated steam.

The method according to the useful model is simple to implement, it does not require a large number of nodes for the equipment. In turn, this allows it to be used in various industries, agriculture and by private individuals.

Thus, the method according to the utility model achieves the stated technical result, providing very significant reductions in fossil fuel consumption and harmful emissions into the atmosphere, and is simple to apply.

Claims (3)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. The method of burning a liquid together with fuel, which includes the following stages: a) obtaining a hydrogen-containing combustible mixture from the liquid, which includes: - the flow of liquid from the container for the liquid to the hydrogen generator, followed by the formation of a mixture of water and approximately 30 95 of a mixture of atomic hydrogen and oxygen ; - entry of the formed mixture into the induction water heater with subsequent heating to 100 C and the formation of a mixture of water, atomic hydrogen, oxygen and steam; b) arrival of the hydrogen-containing combustible mixture formed in stage a) through a pipeline for supplying a mixture of water and atomic hydrogen and oxygen to the four-chamber interwall space of the heat generator, followed by its successive heating in each of the chambers to a final temperature of 1200 "C, the formation of dry steam and its inflow through the pipeline to the burner Z5 for supplying dry steam, hydrogen and oxygen in the combustion chamber of the heat generator; c) inflow of fuel through the pipeline for supplying hydrocarbon fuel to the burner for burning hydrocarbon fuel; d) injecting air through pipeline 1 of compressed air to the burner for burning hydrocarbon of fuel in the combustion chamber of the heat generator; e) injection of air through fan 5 into the combustion chamber of the heat generator; e) mixing of the products obtained at stages b), c), d) and e) in the combustion chamber of the heat generator and burning them there at a temperature from 1300 to 2500 C; which differs in that stages b), c), d) and e) are carried out simultaneously; at why the content of fossil fuel in a mixture with compressed air and a mixture of dry steam, hydrogen and oxygen of stage b) in the indicated combustion chamber of the heat generator is 20-50 95. 2. The method of burning fuel together with a liquid according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the fuel is natural gas, and the liquid is selected from the group consisting of water, liquid manure and/or sewage; at the same time, stage c) is carried out when natural gas is directly supplied to the specified burner for burning hydrocarbon fuel. 3. The method of burning fuel together with liquid according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the fuel is used motor oil or fuel oil.