UA13352U - Method of operation of riffle-gun arms - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of operation of automation the riffle-gun arms at one cycle of operation of which re-forwarding of the cartridge is provided to the cartridge-chamber of the barrel by means of breech-mechanism, with closing the channel of the barrel, with implementation of shoot, unlocking the channel of the barrel and extraction of the shoot shell. The barrel, due to interaction through cuts with the bullet (missile) moving in it gets rotary motion round its long axis, back to the direction of rotation of the bullet (missile), in one cycle complete turn is made, with continuous rotation to the same side at shooting in bursts, this is used directly to close and to unlock the channels of the barrel, and through mechanical transformer - for reciprocal motion of the breech-mechanism. To decrease the force of recoil at larger time of its action the barrel by means of another mechanical transformer performs reciprocal motion along the axis of rotation by part or the whole length of the breech-mechanism travel as well, in each cycle it performs after the shoot motion (recoil) back (in opposite direction with respect to the direction of shooting) in closed with breech-mechanism (coupled with the breech-mechanism) condition with following unlocking in the process of motion and (or) in its end back position.

Description

Description of the invention

The useful model refers to weapons, in particular, to rifled automatic small-armor guns and 2 operations of its automation.

As is known (1, 2), the operation of automation in automatic small-arms guns is based on the following principles: 1) recoil from the pressure of powder gases on the shutter (recoil of the shutter with a stationary barrel, recoil of the barrel, recoil of the entire weapon); 70 2) effects of powder gases on special parts (gas discharges in the bore of the barrel for piston engine operation, use of a movable buttplate, discharge of gases through the bottom of the sleeve to unlock the bolt);

C) use of the force of resistance to the impact of the bullet (projectile) into the grooves of the barrel (to push the barrel forward for the purpose of reloading the weapon).

The highest requirements for reducing the weight of the weapon and increasing its rate of fire are set for 12 aircraft guns and aircraft machine guns. Therefore, in recent decades, the most developed from this point of view was precisely the aviation small-cannon weapon.

For example, a double-barreled aviation cannon of the GSh-23 type, caliber 2Zmm, with a gas outlet in the bores for the operation of its automation, made it possible to raise the rate of fire to 3,400 rounds per minute |Z). Its complex and interdependent (between the barrels) automation allows for a relatively slow movement of the cartridge when removing it from the tape,

Rapid movement in the middle of the stage of sending and slowing down at the end of its sending into the chamber in order to prevent the destruction of the cartridge at the moment of its longitudinal displacement from its place and the tearing of the projectile from the sleeve due to the forces of inertia when it stops in the chamber, as well as the destruction of connecting links cartridge tape when feeding cartridges to the axis line of the weapon barrel. Thus, the maximum possible rate of fire due to the strength of the cartridge today is equal to 1500-1700 shots per minute per barrel.

A further increase in the rate of fire of the weapon was achieved by increasing the number of barrels to 4-6 and combining them into a rotating block with alternate firing from each barrel, which ensured the combination of actions in the automatics of all barrels and smooth feeding of the cartridge belt during firing ( except for the beginning and end of the queue). Thus, a 6-barreled aviation cannon of the GSh-6-23 caliber of 23mm with gas removal in the bores for the operation of its automatics achieved a rate of fire of 8,000, and in the modernized version of the GSh-6-23M - 10,000 shots per minute |4). At the same time, it was even possible to simplify the automatic weapons due to the use of common parts and to ensure the possibility of overcoming 1-3 misfires in a row due to the kinetic moment of the barrel block during their rotation. at

In addition, weapons with rotating barrel blocks have another advantage - stabilization of the axis of rotation of the block in space during firing due to its gyroscopic properties. 325 However, the increase in the number of barrels led to a significant complication and, most importantly, an increase in the weight of the weapon. And - the rotation of the block of barrels led, in turn, to an increase in the scattering of projectiles due to the presence of a distance between the axis of rotation of the block and the longitudinal axes of the barrels (and, accordingly, the appearance of a circumferential speed consisting of the speed of departure of the projectiles from the barrels). "

All this led to the fact that recently single-barreled guns began to appear again. An example of Z 50 is a single-barreled aviation cannon of the GSh-301 caliber ZOmm |bI. c However, the advantages of multi-barreled weapons that appeared (automatic elimination of misfires, stabilization

From" the direction of firing) caused the need to develop a single barrel with the same advantages. It turned out to be possible to implement such advantages in weapons with a rotating barrel.

As the analysis shows, the work of automation of modern classic (single-barreled) weapons is based on the law of conservation of the amount of movement of the system of the bullet (projectile) and other parts of the weapon (bolt, barrel, receiver, other parts, their combinations and the whole weapon as a whole). But the work of weapon automation can be organized in a different way.

|I6|Й describes the method of operation of rifled small-armor automatic weapons, which is based on the law of conservation of the momentum of the system of rotating along the grooves of the barrel of the bullet (projectile) and the barrel itself, which has the ability to freely rotate around its longitudinal axis. During one cycle of automation, the cartridge is fed into the chamber of the barrel with the help of a shutter, the barrel is locked, the shot is fired, the barrel is unlocked, and the shot casing is extracted by the return movement of the shutter.

A distinctive feature of the method is that the barrel, due to the interaction through the grooves with the ball (projectile) moving in it, acquires a rotational movement around its longitudinal axis, opposite to the direction of rotation of the ball 25 (projectile), making one complete revolution in one cycle. which is used directly for locking and unlocking from the barrel, and through a mechanical converter - for reciprocating shutter movement. When firing in bursts, the barrel rotates in one and the same direction continuously. This method is analogous to the proposed method of operation of automatic weapons with a rotating barrel.

The above-described method of automatic operation is quite suitable for artillery weapons, for example, aviation weapons. 60 At the same time, it is less suitable for hand-held firearms, since with this method, the weapon does not have shock-absorbing parts, which are characteristic, for example, of weapons with a free bolt, short or long stroke (rollback) of the barrel. The absence of such details is accompanied by a stiffer recoil of the weapon (greater force of recoil with a shorter time of its action) and, accordingly, less comfortable conditions for the shooter.

However, even in weapons with a rotating barrel, it is possible to ensure the rollback of some parts after a shot, which can reduce the overall stiffness of the recoil of the entire weapon (reduce the force of recoil with a longer duration of its action) and more rational use of recoil forces. The best option is the rollback of parts with possibly greater mass, for example, the barrel together with the bolt.

To implement the above, a method of operation of the automatics of small-armor weapons is proposed, during one cycle of which the cartridge is fed into the chamber of the barrel with the help of a shutter, the barrel is closed, the shot is fired, the barrel is unlocked, and the spent shell is extracted, and the barrel due to interaction through the grooves with the bullet (projectile) moving in it acquires a rotational movement around its longitudinal axis, the reverse of the direction of rotation of the bullet (projectile), making one complete revolution in one cycle and rotating continuously in the same direction when firing a burst used directly for locking and unlocking the bore of the barrel, and through a mechanical converter - for reciprocating movement of the bolt, which differs in that the barrel also makes a reciprocating movement along the axis of rotation for part or the entire length of the bolt stroke with the help of a second mechanical converter, in every cycle, making a movement (rollback) back after the shot (vs firing frame) in the shutter-locked state (engaged with the shutter) with subsequent unlocking during its movement and (or) in its rearmost position.

The proposed method of operation of the automation of single-barreled rifled weapons with a target can be implemented in the same way as the analog |b) is implemented in its constructive implementation (71.

A useful model was created in my spare time using open sources of information.

Sources of information: 1. Albertyn V.V., Bashmarin A.Ya. "Fundamentals of the arrangement of the material part of small arms of military models". - Moscow: Main Military Publishing House of the People's Commissariat of Defense of the USSR Union, 1936, 284p. 2. Blagonravov A.A. "Fundamentals of the design of automatic weapons". - Moscow: Main Publishing House of Defense Industry, 1940, 488p.

Z. GSh-23 (Shirokorad A.B. History of aviation weapons. - Mn.: "Harvest", 1999, - P.163-164). 4. GSH-6-23 (Ilyin V. "English hound" with red stars". // "Kryilya Rodinyi". - 1993. - Mo3. - dv b.1-5; Shirokorad A.B. "History of aviation weapons ". - Mn.: "Harvest", 1999. - P.185-186). 5. GSh-301 (per://2ptazy. at. gp/agtv/dvy301.piEti; per:/Lumlu. aigraze.gy /papdag/mearopv/dvy-301/). t b. Zhuk M.O. "Method of operation of automatic rifle and cannon weapons" - Declaratory patent of Ukraine for invention Mob9164A with priority dated 10.12.2003. Bull. Mo8 dated 16.08.2004. 7. Zhuk M.O. "Small arms and cannons". - Declaratory patent of Ukraine Mo8481 with priority dated 12/10/2004. Bull. Mo4 dated 04/15/2005.

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Claims (1)

The formula of the invention and. со The method of operation of the automation of small-armor guns, during one cycle of which it is ensured "- sending a cartridge into the chamber of the barrel with the help of a bolt, closing the barrel, firing, unlocking the barrel and extracting the spent cartridge case, and the barrel due to the interaction through the grooves with the bullet (projectile) moving in it acquires a rotational movement around its longitudinal axis, the reverse of the direction of rotation of the bullet (projectile), performing one complete revolution in one cycle and rotating continuously in one and the same direction when firing bursts, which is used directly for locking and unlocking the bore of the barrel, sh-v s and through a mechanical converter - for reciprocating movement of the bolt, which is distinguished by the fact that the barrel, with the help of a second mechanical converter, also performs a reciprocating movement along the axis: z" of rotation per part or for the entire length of the shutter stroke in each cycle, performing a movement (rollback) back (against the direction of firing) after the shot in locked by the shutter (engaged with the shutter) in the state with subsequent unlocking In the course of its movement and (or) in its extreme rear position. - Official bulletin "Industrial Property". Book 1 "Inventions, useful models, topographies of integrated circuits", 2006, MZ, 15.03.2006. State Department of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. with 50 Ko) p. 60 b5