UA127444U - BIOGAS REACTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The biogas reactor has a reservoir, a consumer pipe, a stirrer, a hopper with a slide gate. The heating element is equipped with a cleaning device, which periodically moves in different directions of the rotary screw, at the ends of which are placed reverse switches, and cleans the surface of the elements from sticking particles of the biomass substrate.

Description

The useful model belongs to the fields of processing of agricultural raw materials and utilization of organic waste of the agro-industrial complex, food industry and communal economy, in particular to installations for the production of biogas and organic fertilizers during the fermentation of a multi-component substrate containing organic materials or their waste.

A well-known biogas plant (Unconventional and renewable energy sources in DVT systems /

Serbin V.A. - Makiivka, DonDABA, 2003. - 158 pp consists of a housing, a mixing mechanism, a nozzle for the supply of fermentation mass, a nozzle for the output of the nucleated mass and a nozzle for the output of biogas.

The disadvantage of such a solution is the absence of a biomass heater, and as a result of insufficient and uneven heating of the mixture, significant temperature fluctuations occur in the volume, which violates the technological requirements of anaerobic fermentation.

A well-known biogas plant (Patent of Ukraine Mo 63825, IPC (2006.01) СО2Е 11/04. Biogas plant / G.S. Ratushnyak, O.G. Lyaluk, K.V. Anokhin, I.A. Koscheev; applicant and owner of the patent

Vinnytsia National Technical University Me cy201102656; statement 03/09/2011; published 25.10.2011, Bull. Mo 20/20111, which contains a tank covered with insulation, a consumer pipe with a tap, a vertical propeller mixer on a hollow shaft, above which is placed a loading hopper with a first gate valve and a protective gas distribution grid. Under the vertical propeller stirrer there is an opening for removing the spent biomass substrate with a second gate valve in the lower part of the installation, the tank is wrapped with an electric heating cable with a thermostat, two heat exchange circuits, each of which consists of heat exchangers, and the first heat exchanger is connected to a gas pipeline, with a compressor and a biomass substrate preparation unit, and the second - with a spent biomass substrate pipeline with a fecal pump and a biomass substrate preparation unit.

The disadvantage of this biogas plant is low efficiency due to insufficient mixing and heating of the biomass substrate.

A biogas plant was chosen as the prototype (Patent of Ukraine Mo 36453, IPC (2006.01) СО2Е 11/04. Biogas plant / G.S. Ratushnyak, K.V. Anokhin; applicant and owner of the patent Vinnytskyi

National Technical University - MO 200806844; statement 19.05.2008; published 27.10.2008, Bull.

Mo 20/2008|, which contains a tank closed by a frame of a greenhouse, a consumer pipe, a mixer placed on a shaft in which a biomass heater is installed, a loading hopper with a gate valve.

The disadvantage of the prototype is low productivity due to uneven heating of the substrate and the technical complexity of the design.

The useful model is based on the task of improving the biogas reactor by increasing the efficiency of maintaining the substrate heating temperature for biogas release.

The task is solved due to the fact that the heating element is equipped with a cleaning device that periodically moves to different sides of the rotating screw, at the ends of which there are reverse switches, and cleans the surface of the elements from sticking particles of the biomass substrate.

The essence of the useful model is explained by the drawings, where: in fig. 1 shows the scheme of the biogas reactor, in fig. 2 - section along A-A.

The biogas reactor contains a tank 1 with a stirrer 2 placed inside it, a loading hopper C with a built-in gate valve 4, a heating element 5, equipped with a cleaning device 6, which periodically moves along a rotating screw 7, at the ends of which there are reverse switches 8, an unloading auger 9, to which the torque from the motor-reducer 10 is transmitted by means of the clutch 11, the tank 12, the pump 13, the electromagnetic clutches 14 and 15, which are located on the corresponding sprockets 16 and 17, the electric motor 18, the electrocontact pressure gauge 19 and the consumer pipe 20, equipped with a mechanical valve 21.

The biogas reactor works as follows. When the gate valve 4 is open, the substrate is fed through the loading hopper 3 to the tank 1, which is filled to 2/3 of the volume. For an effective fermentation process, the electric motor 18 is turned on, then the electromagnetic clutch 14, located on the sprocket 16, which activates the stirrer 2.

Also, to increase the efficiency of fermentation in the biogas reactor, a thermophilic mode is used, in which the temperature inside the biogas reactor must be maintained within 50...55 "С, therefore, the coolant (hot water) is supplied from the tank 12 with the help of the pump 13 to the heating element 5, which heats the substrate.

In the process of heating the substrate, its particles after a certain period of time stick to the surface of the heating element 5, which leads to a decrease in heat transfer. Therefore, to ensure effective heat transfer of the heating element 5 during the operation of the electric motor 18 by turning on the electromagnetic clutch 15, which is located on the sprocket 17, the cleaning device 6 is activated, which moves along the heating element 5 with the help of a rotating screw 7, at the ends of which there are reverse switches 8, which provide a change in the direction of movement of the cleaning device 6.

Biogas produced as a result of fermentation of the substrate accumulates in the upper part of the tank 1. At this time, the electrocontact manometer 19 monitors the pressure. When the pressure increases, the mechanical valve 21 opens, biogas is discharged from the tank 1 through the consumer pipe 20 and the pressure decreases.

When the intensity of biogas release decreases, the biomass substrate is unloaded from the tank 1. For this, the motor-reducer 10 is turned on, which transmits the torque through the clutch 11 to the unloading auger 9.

Thus, the use of a cleaning device for the heating element of the biogas reactor makes it possible to significantly increase the efficiency of heat transfer and ensure the constant release of biogas during a certain period of time.

Claims (1)

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