TWI838313B - Rice coating structure for dryland sowing application - Google Patents
Rice coating structure for dryland sowing application Download PDFInfo
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- TWI838313B TWI838313B TW112134646A TW112134646A TWI838313B TW I838313 B TWI838313 B TW I838313B TW 112134646 A TW112134646 A TW 112134646A TW 112134646 A TW112134646 A TW 112134646A TW I838313 B TWI838313 B TW I838313B
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920005614 potassium polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical group O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-N-methylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound CN(CCC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)CC=C GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000287127 Passeridae Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本發明係關於一種種子包衣結構，尤指一種兼具有低成本、易保存與高良率且應用於旱地播種的稻子包覆結構。 The present invention relates to a seed coating structure, in particular to a rice coating structure that has low cost, is easy to preserve, has high yield and is applied to dryland sowing.
按，水稻直播栽培是一種將稻子直接播灑於水田的栽培方法，由於不需要育苗或移植作業，因此具有降低種植成本、勞動成本及時間成本等優點，但仍存在缺點，即外露於水田的種子容易遭受麻雀等鳥類的吃食，造成的出苗率降低，因此，有做法是以鐵粉塗覆稻米種子，藉此能抑制土壤表面播種之種子浮游，與防止被麻雀吃食。然而，由於該技術係利用使鐵粉氧化而固化，鐵粉存在有氧化發熱之缺點，使得塗覆後之稻子在生產上極為麻煩，將大幅提高其生產成本，故鐵粉塗覆亦非最佳的解決方案。 According to the data, direct seeding of rice is a method of directly sowing rice in paddy fields. Since it does not require seedling raising or transplanting operations, it has the advantages of reducing planting costs, labor costs and time costs. However, it still has disadvantages, that is, seeds exposed in paddy fields are easily eaten by birds such as sparrows, resulting in a lower germination rate. Therefore, there is a practice of coating rice seeds with iron powder to inhibit the floating of seeds sown on the soil surface and prevent them from being eaten by sparrows. However, since this technology uses iron powder to oxidize and solidify, iron powder has the disadvantage of oxidizing and generating heat, making the production of rice after coating extremely troublesome and will greatly increase its production cost. Therefore, iron powder coating is not the best solution.
又因為水稻不論是育苗移植方式或稻子直播方式皆需要保持灌溉水田狀態，即水田直視可見有10公分以上的水面，這不僅需要農夫經常巡視與進行灌溉，更是會消耗大量的水資源，因此極需推廣旱地種植方式，所以許多在鐵粉塗覆稻米種子時，會額外添加有保水原料， 其結合方式是以水溶液狀進行混合與包覆，這導致保水原料已經吸滿水與完全膨脹，使其有效體積的保水性降低，且添加量過少，無法達到長期保水之目的，若直接以保水粉末進行包覆，則會有無法穩定包覆、包覆厚度不足及容易裂開剝離等情況，綜上所述即為本創作所欲改善之缺失。 In addition, rice, whether it is seedling transplanting or direct seeding, needs to maintain the state of irrigated paddy fields, that is, the paddy fields must have more than 10 cm of water surface visible directly. This not only requires farmers to frequently inspect and irrigate, but also consumes a lot of water resources. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to promote dryland planting methods. Therefore, when iron powder is coated on rice seeds, water-retaining raw materials are added. The combination method is to mix and coat in the form of aqueous solution, which causes the water-retaining raw materials to absorb water and expand completely, reducing the water retention of its effective volume. In addition, the amount added is too small, and the purpose of long-term water retention cannot be achieved. If the water-retaining powder is directly used for coating, there will be problems such as instability of coating, insufficient coating thickness, and easy cracking and peeling. The above is the deficiency that this creation wants to improve.
有鑑於此，本發明人於多年從事相關產品之製造開發與設計經驗，針對上述之目標，詳加設計與審慎評估後，終得一確具實用性之本發明。 In view of this, the inventor has been engaged in the manufacturing, development and design of related products for many years. After careful design and careful evaluation for the above-mentioned goals, he finally obtained this invention which is truly practical.
本發明所欲解決之技術問題在於針對現有技術存在的上述缺失，提供一種應用於旱地播種的稻子包覆結構。 The technical problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a rice covering structure for dryland sowing in response to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the existing technology.
一第一包覆層，其為麥芽糊精水溶液黏附於一稻子表面，且該第一包覆層於固化前乾燥至2%至10%之間的水分含量；一第二包覆層，其為聚丙烯酸鉀粉末直接黏附於該第一包覆層，且該第二包覆層於固化前吸收水分形成介於1%至10%之間的膨脹量；以及一第三包覆層，其包覆於該第二包覆層的表面，並填充於該第二包覆層的孔隙，且該第三包覆層吸收該第一包覆層與該第二包覆層的剩餘水分，使該第二包覆層停止膨脹與完全固化。 A first coating layer, which is a maltodextrin aqueous solution adhered to a rice surface, and the first coating layer is dried to a moisture content between 2% and 10% before curing; a second coating layer, which is potassium polyacrylate powder directly adhered to the first coating layer, and the second coating layer absorbs moisture to form a swelling amount between 1% and 10% before curing; and a third coating layer, which is coated on the surface of the second coating layer and fills the pores of the second coating layer, and the third coating layer absorbs the remaining moisture of the first coating layer and the second coating layer, so that the second coating layer stops swelling and completely cures.
其中麥芽糊水溶液的重量百分濃度(P%)介於20%至50%之間。 The weight percentage concentration (P%) of the malt paste aqueous solution is between 20% and 50%.
其中該第二包覆層以攪拌方式讓聚丙烯粉末黏附於尚未乾燥且具黏性的該第一包覆層，並利用水分形成聚丙烯酸鉀粉末之間的互相黏合。 The second coating layer is stirred to allow the polypropylene powder to adhere to the first coating layer which is not yet dry and sticky, and moisture is used to form mutual adhesion between the potassium polyacrylate powders.
其中該第二包覆層以100公克至200公克之間的聚丙烯酸鉀粉末包覆一公斤的該稻子。 The second coating layer is coated with 100 grams to 200 grams of potassium polyacrylate powder per kilogram of the rice.
其中該第二包覆層具有介於10%至30%之間的孔隙率。 The second coating layer has a porosity between 10% and 30%.
其中該第三包覆層為滑石粉直接黏附於該第二包覆層表面，滑石粉之粒徑為聚丙烯酸鉀粉末之粒徑的十分之一至五分之一之間。 The third coating layer is talcum powder directly adhered to the surface of the second coating layer, and the particle size of the talcum powder is between one tenth and one fifth of the particle size of potassium polyacrylate powder.
其中該第三包覆層以10公克至40公克之間的滑石粉包覆一公斤的該稻子。 The third coating layer is composed of 10 to 40 grams of talcum powder coated on one kilogram of the rice.
其中該第三包覆層之滑石粉於該第二包覆層剛成形時立即添加攪拌。 The talcum powder of the third coating layer is added and stirred immediately after the second coating layer is formed.
其中該第一包覆層、該第二包覆層與該第三包覆層的厚度比例為1：8：1或1：7：2。 The thickness ratio of the first coating layer, the second coating layer and the third coating layer is 1:8:1 or 1:7:2.
其中包覆有該第一包覆層、該第二包覆層與該第三包覆層之該稻子以覆土方式直接播種於旱地。 The rice covered with the first covering layer, the second covering layer and the third covering layer is directly sown in dry land by covering with soil.
本發明的第一主要目的在於，該稻子以該第一包覆層的成型過程產生適度的含水量與黏性，再利用聚丙烯粉末直接黏附形成該第二包覆層，就能大幅的提升單位體積的保水性，並於該第二包覆層尚未乾燥前直接攪拌滑石粉而形成該第三包覆層，利用該第三包覆層吸收剩餘水分，並包覆固化該第一包覆層與該第二包覆層而形成粒粒分明的穩 定結構，藉此透過少量天然原料與快速成型工法完成該稻子的包覆，俾以具有快速加工、低成本、易保存與高良率之實用功效。 The first main purpose of the present invention is that the rice produces appropriate moisture content and viscosity in the molding process of the first coating layer, and then the polypropylene powder is directly adhered to form the second coating layer, which can greatly improve the water retention per unit volume, and the talcum powder is directly mixed before the second coating layer is dried to form the third coating layer, and the third coating layer is used to absorb the remaining moisture and coat and solidify the first coating layer and the second coating layer to form a stable structure with distinct grains. In this way, the rice is coated by a small amount of natural raw materials and a rapid molding method, so that it has the practical effects of rapid processing, low cost, easy storage and high yield.
本發明的第二主要目的在於，農夫於耕田灌溉形成濕地後，將該稻子(包覆有該第一包覆層、該第二包覆層與該第三包覆層)直接播種於耕田後進行覆土，透過該第二包覆層吸收水分並維持保水狀態，該第二包覆層讓該稻子在發芽前能完全不淹水灌溉，或視旱地乾燥情況進行少量灌溉，藉此節省大量的水資源，並能降低農夫的照料勞力，俾以相較習知的水稻直播栽培具有低成本、低耗水資源、容易照料及高發芽率之功效。 The second main purpose of the present invention is that after the farmer irrigates the field to form wetland, he directly sows the rice (covered with the first covering layer, the second covering layer and the third covering layer) in the field and then covers the soil. The second covering layer absorbs water and maintains a water-retaining state. The second covering layer allows the rice to be completely irrigated without flooding before germination, or a small amount of irrigation can be performed depending on the dryness of the dry land, thereby saving a large amount of water resources and reducing the farmer's care labor, so that compared with the conventional direct seeding of rice, it has the effects of low cost, low water consumption, easy care and high germination rate.
其他目的、優點和本創作的新穎特性將從以下詳細的描述與相關的附圖更加顯明。 Other objects, advantages and novel features of this invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
A:稻子 A: Rice
10:第一包覆層 10: First coating layer
20:第二包覆層 20: Second coating layer
30:第三包覆層 30: The third coating layer
圖1 係本發明之示意圖。 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
為使 貴審查委員對本發明之目的、特徵及功效能夠有更進一步之瞭解與認識，以下茲請配合(圖式簡單說明)詳述如後：先請由圖1所示觀之，一種應用於旱地播種的稻子包覆結構，其包括有：一第一包覆層10、第二包覆層20與一第三包覆層30，一第一包覆層10為麥芽糊精水溶液黏附於稻子A表面，該第一包覆層10於
固化前乾燥至2%至10%之間的水分含量。一第二包覆層20為聚丙烯酸鉀粉末直接黏附於該第一包覆層10，該第二包覆層20於固化前吸收水分形成介於1%至10%之間的膨脹量，且該第二包覆層20具有介於10%至30%之間的孔隙率。一第三包覆層30為滑石粉直接黏附於該第二包覆層20表面，其中，滑石粉之粒徑為聚丙烯酸鉀粉末之粒徑的十分之一至五分之一之間，使滑石粉能包覆於該第二包覆層20的表面，並同時填充於該第二包覆層20的孔隙，更透過該第三包覆層30吸收該第一包覆層10與該第二包覆層20的剩餘水分，使該第二包覆層20停止膨脹與完全固化，而該第一包覆層10、該第二包覆層20與該第三包覆層30的厚度比例為1：8：1或1：7：2，綜上所述，包覆有該第一包覆層10、該第二包覆層20與該第三包覆層30之稻子A以覆土方式直接播種於旱地。
In order to enable the Honorable Review Committee to have a further understanding and recognition of the purpose, features and efficacy of the present invention, the following is a detailed description in conjunction with (simple illustration of the diagram): First, please refer to FIG. 1, a rice coating structure for dryland sowing, which includes: a
其結構之成型，再請由圖1所示，步驟1：將麥芽糊粉加入水中攪拌，讓麥芽糊水溶液的重量百分濃度(P%)介於20%至50%之間，其濃度能控制該第一包覆層10的黏度，其中，麥芽糊為天然原料，不會造成耕田的污染，同時對該稻子A還具有保鮮效果，使該稻子A能延長存放期；步驟2：將該稻子A倒入麥芽糊水溶液內進行浸濕，再打撈該稻子A進行乾燥，其乾燥方式可為日光曬乾、自然風乾、熱空氣乾燥、真空乾燥、冷凍乾燥等不限制特定方式，並於乾燥至2%至10%之間的水分含量時，即成型具有黏性的該第一包覆層10；步驟3：以聚丙烯粉末混合包覆有該第一包覆層10的該稻子A，即該第二包覆層20以攪拌方式讓聚丙烯粉末黏附於尚未乾燥且具黏性的該第一包覆層10，該第一包覆層10的黏度能黏附部分的聚丙烯粉末，再利用水分形成聚丙烯酸鉀粉末之間的
互相黏合，使該第二包覆層20形成足夠的包覆厚度，即該第一包覆層10的水分含量能控制該第二包覆層20的成型厚度，其中，該第二包覆層20以100公克至200公克之間的聚丙烯酸鉀粉末包覆一公斤的稻子A；步驟4：以滑石粉混合包覆有該第二包覆層20的該稻子A，該第三包覆層30之滑石粉於該第二包覆層20剛成形時立即添加攪拌，利用滑石粉填充該第二包覆層20的孔隙與包覆其表面，透過該第三包覆層30形成阻隔效果，防止包覆後的該稻子A黏合成團，更利用滑石粉吸收剩餘的水分，使該第二包覆層20停止膨脹，同時快速形成該第一包覆層10與該第二包覆層20的固化，藉此防止該第二包覆層20吸收過多的水分而過度膨脹，降低其有效保水性，亦能維持該第二包覆層20的包覆緊實度，防止該第二包覆層20於固化後容易發生裂開剝離之情況，該第三包覆層以10公克至40公克之間的滑石粉包覆一公斤的稻子。綜上所述，該稻子A以該第一包覆層10的成型過程產生適度的含水量與黏性，再用聚丙烯粉末直接混入攪拌，就能快速成型該第二包覆層20，利用聚丙烯粉末直接黏附能大幅的提升單位體積的保水性，並於該第二包覆層20尚未乾燥前直接攪拌滑石粉而形成該第三包覆層30，利用該第三包覆層30吸收剩餘水分，並包覆固化該第一包覆層10與該第二包覆層20而形成粒粒分明的穩定結構，藉此透過少量天然原料與快速成型工法完成該稻子A的包覆，俾以具有快速加工、低成本、易保存與高良率之實用功效。
The structure is formed as shown in FIG. 1. Step 1: Add malt paste powder into water and stir to make the weight percentage concentration (P%) of the malt paste aqueous solution between 20% and 50%. The concentration can control the viscosity of the
其實際使用之功效，農夫於耕田灌溉形成濕地後，將該稻子A(包覆有該第一包覆層10、該第二包覆層20與該第三包覆層30)直接播種於耕田後進行覆土，透過該第二包覆層20吸收水分並維持保水狀
態，該第二包覆層20讓該稻子A在發芽前能完全不淹水灌溉，或視旱地乾燥情況進行少量灌溉，藉此節省大量的水資源，並能降低農夫的照料勞力，俾以相較習知的水稻直播栽培具有低成本、低耗水資源、容易照料及高發芽率之功效。
The actual use effect is that after the farmer irrigates the field to form wetland, he directly sows the rice A (covered with the
唯以上所述者，僅為本發明之一較佳實施例而已，當不能以之限定本發明實施之範圍；即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍所作之均等變化與修飾，皆應仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。 However, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention; that is, all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention.
A:稻子 A: Rice
10:第一包覆層 10: First coating layer
20:第二包覆層 20: Second coating layer
30:第三包覆層 30: The third coating layer
Claims (10)
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| TW112134646A TWI838313B (en) | 2023-09-12 | 2023-09-12 | Rice coating structure for dryland sowing application |
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| TW112134646A TWI838313B (en) | 2023-09-12 | 2023-09-12 | Rice coating structure for dryland sowing application |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090148562A1 (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-11 | Lin Yah-Hwa E | Whole Grain Rice Compositions and Coating Methods |
| TW201538066A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-10-16 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Coating material for rice seeds and coated rice seeds |
| TW201729680A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-09-01 | Showa Denko Kk | Paddy-rice seed, method for manufacturing same, and composition for paddy-rice seed coating |
| TW202241265A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-11-01 | 首立企業股份有限公司 | Rice seed coating material, rice seed coated with coating material and coating method having the effects of delaying oxidation and increasing the appearance hardness of the rice seeds |
-
2023
- 2023-09-12 TW TW112134646A patent/TWI838313B/en active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090148562A1 (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-11 | Lin Yah-Hwa E | Whole Grain Rice Compositions and Coating Methods |
| TW201538066A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-10-16 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Coating material for rice seeds and coated rice seeds |
| TW201729680A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-09-01 | Showa Denko Kk | Paddy-rice seed, method for manufacturing same, and composition for paddy-rice seed coating |
| TW202241265A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-11-01 | 首立企業股份有限公司 | Rice seed coating material, rice seed coated with coating material and coating method having the effects of delaying oxidation and increasing the appearance hardness of the rice seeds |
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