TWI826170B - Upright benthic microbial fuel cell module - Google Patents
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- TWI826170B TWI826170B TW111147021A TW111147021A TWI826170B TW I826170 B TWI826170 B TW I826170B TW 111147021 A TW111147021 A TW 111147021A TW 111147021 A TW111147021 A TW 111147021A TW I826170 B TWI826170 B TW I826170B
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008055 phosphate buffer solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007269 microbial metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
Description
本發明係有關一種直立式水底微生物燃料電池模組，尤指提供一種適用在如具有廢水池、水產養殖池等大場域環境使用之直立式水底微生物燃料電池模組。The present invention relates to a vertical underwater microbial fuel cell module, and in particular, provides a vertical underwater microbial fuel cell module suitable for use in large field environments such as wastewater pools and aquaculture ponds.
在能源日益短缺的危機下，微生物燃料電池（Microbial fuel cell，MFC）為一種能源發展之重要方向，微生物燃料電池是一種利用微生物的電化學裝置，其主要利用微生物代謝環境中的有機物來將化學能轉換為電能的電池系統，屬於環保且有續的能源。In the face of the crisis of increasing energy shortage, microbial fuel cell (MFC) is an important direction of energy development. Microbial fuel cell is an electrochemical device that uses microorganisms. It mainly uses organic matter in the microbial metabolism environment to convert chemicals. Battery systems that can be converted into electrical energy are environmentally friendly and sustainable energy sources.
如圖1所示，一般而言，微生物燃料電池主結構包括有處於厭氧環境之陽極槽體a（含陽極）、處在好氧環境之陰極槽體b（含陰極）、質子交換膜c及電路導線d共同組裝而成。As shown in Figure 1, generally speaking, the main structure of a microbial fuel cell includes an anode tank a (containing the anode) in an anaerobic environment, a cathode tank b (containing the cathode) in an aerobic environment, and a proton exchange membrane c and circuit wire d are assembled together.
其中，陽極槽體a、陰極槽體b以質子交換膜c方式區隔成左右兩槽區，使得陽極槽體a內之有機物或碳水化合物可經由微生物分解後產出電子與質子，再透過陽極、陰極及外部電路d利用產生的電子，即可達成電池的效用。Among them, the anode tank a and the cathode tank b are divided into left and right tank areas by a proton exchange membrane c, so that the organic matter or carbohydrates in the anode tank a can be decomposed by microorganisms to produce electrons and protons, and then pass through the anode , cathode and external circuit d use the generated electrons to achieve the function of the battery.
上述的微生物燃料電池的運作仰賴的是微生物的分解作用，因此燃料電池中的微生物必須保持一定的數量，否則整體燃料電池的效率會逐漸降低，最後導致失去電池的功能。The operation of the above-mentioned microbial fuel cells relies on the decomposition of microorganisms. Therefore, the microorganisms in the fuel cell must maintain a certain number, otherwise the efficiency of the overall fuel cell will gradually decrease, eventually leading to the loss of battery function.
但就現階段左右雙槽式的微生物燃料電池，其結構設計係採在陽極槽體倒入廢水之方式，無法應用在如具有廢水池之養豬場、水產養殖池等富含豐富微生物易降解與利用之有機質之大場域環境，因此具有電力輸出或儲電效率不佳之問題，且有機物及微生物在陽極槽中的混合程度不良亦會影響發電效率。However, the current dual-tank type microbial fuel cells are structurally designed to pour wastewater into the anode tank. They cannot be used in pig farms and aquaculture ponds with wastewater pools, which are rich in microorganisms that are easily degraded and The large field environment of organic matter used has the problem of poor power output or storage efficiency, and poor mixing of organic matter and microorganisms in the anode tank will also affect power generation efficiency.
本發明之主要目的在提供一種適用在如具有廢水池、水產養殖池等大場域環境使用之直立式水底微生物燃料電池模組。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a vertical underwater microbial fuel cell module suitable for use in large-area environments such as wastewater ponds and aquaculture ponds.
本發明之次要目的在提供一種可大幅提升產電效率，且能評估產電效率與廢水環境內相關產電菌族群狀態之直立式水底微生物燃料電池模組。The secondary purpose of the present invention is to provide a vertical underwater microbial fuel cell module that can significantly improve the power generation efficiency and can evaluate the power generation efficiency and the status of relevant electrogenic bacteria groups in the wastewater environment.
為達上述之目的，本發明所設之一種直立式水底微生物燃料電池模組，包括一陽極槽體、一陰極槽體及一儲電裝置，其中該陽極槽體係供設置於一廢水環境內，該陽極槽體內具有一陽極結構，該陰極槽體係供漂浮設置於上述陽極槽體上方之水平面上，該陰極槽體係包含有一隔板，該隔板內具有一浸泡於磷酸緩衝液或清水內且與空氣接觸之陰極結構，該儲電裝置係為一電感裝置與一電容裝置所組成，該儲電裝置係分別該陽極槽體與陰極槽體連接。In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a vertical underwater microbial fuel cell module, which includes an anode tank, a cathode tank and a power storage device, wherein the anode tank system is provided in a wastewater environment. The anode tank body has an anode structure, and the cathode tank system is provided for floating on the horizontal plane above the anode tank body. The cathode tank system includes a separator, and the separator has an electrode soaked in phosphate buffer solution or clean water. The cathode structure is in contact with the air. The electricity storage device is composed of an inductor device and a capacitor device. The electricity storage device is connected to the anode tank and the cathode tank respectively.
藉此，當陽極槽體與陰極槽體進行質子交換時，該儲電裝置可收集儲存自陽極槽體移動到陰極槽體之電流。Thereby, when the anode tank body and the cathode tank body perform proton exchange, the electricity storage device can collect and store the current moving from the anode tank body to the cathode tank body.
實施時，更進一步連接有一快速傅立葉轉換（FFT）計算分析系統，以計算並分析所產生之位移電流的變化特徵，以評估產電效率與廢水環境內相關產電菌族群狀態。During implementation, a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) calculation and analysis system is further connected to calculate and analyze the changing characteristics of the generated displacement current to evaluate the power generation efficiency and the status of the relevant electrogenic bacteria groups in the wastewater environment.
實施時，該陽極結構與陰極結構皆塗層不鏽鋼網狀電極。During implementation, both the anode structure and the cathode structure are coated with stainless steel mesh electrodes.
實施時，該電容裝置係為一可活動組裝於該儲電裝置之抽取式電容裝置，藉以使移出該儲電裝置後，可作為一外部設備之供電來源。When implemented, the capacitor device is a removable capacitor device that can be movably assembled in the power storage device, so that after being removed from the power storage device, it can be used as a power supply source for an external device.
實施時，該隔板底部係結合有一厚度為0.2μm之過濾菌膜。During implementation, the bottom of the partition is combined with a filtration bacterial membrane with a thickness of 0.2 μm.
為進一步瞭解本發明，以下舉較佳之實施例，配合圖式、圖號，將本發明之具體構成內容及其所達成的功效詳細說明如下。In order to further understand the present invention, the following is a preferred embodiment, and together with the drawings and figure numbers, the specific structure and content of the present invention and the effects achieved are described in detail as follows.
請參閱圖2~4，其為本發明直立式水底微生物燃料電池模組之一實施例。Please refer to Figures 2 to 4, which illustrate an embodiment of the vertical underwater microbial fuel cell module of the present invention.
本發明所設之直立式水底微生物燃料電池模組1，包括一陽極槽體11、一陰極槽體12及一儲電裝置13，其中該陽極槽體11係供設置於一廢水環境2內，該陽極槽體11內具有一陽極結構111，該陰極槽體12係供漂浮設置於上述陽極槽體11上方之水平面上，該陰極槽體12係包含有一隔板121，該隔板121底部係結合有一厚度為0.2μm之過濾菌膜，該隔板121內具有一浸泡於磷酸緩衝液或清水環境3內且與空氣接觸之陰極結構122，該陽極結構111與陰極結構122皆塗層不鏽鋼網狀電極。該儲電裝置13係為一電感裝置131與一電容裝置132所組成，該儲電裝置13係分別該陽極槽體11與陰極槽體12連接，藉以使當陽極槽體11與陰極槽體12進行質子交換時，該儲電裝置13可收集儲存自陽極槽體11移動到陰極槽體12之電流。The vertical underwater microbial fuel cell module 1 of the present invention includes an anode tank 11, a cathode tank 12 and a power storage device 13, wherein the anode tank 11 is installed in a wastewater environment 2, The anode tank 11 has an anode structure 111 inside. The cathode tank 12 is provided for floating on the horizontal plane above the anode tank 11. The cathode tank 12 includes a partition 121, and the bottom of the partition 121 is Combined with a filtration bacterial membrane with a thickness of 0.2 μm, the separator 121 has a cathode structure 122 soaked in a phosphate buffer or clean water environment 3 and in contact with the air. The anode structure 111 and the cathode structure 122 are both coated with stainless steel mesh. shape electrode. The electricity storage device 13 is composed of an inductance device 131 and a capacitance device 132. The electricity storage device 13 is connected to the anode tank 11 and the cathode tank 12 respectively, so that when the anode tank 11 and the cathode tank 12 During proton exchange, the electricity storage device 13 can collect and store the current moving from the anode tank 11 to the cathode tank 12 .
因此實施時，當處於廢水環境2（即厭氧環境）之陽極槽體11與在好氧環境（如清水環境3）之陰極槽體12，該陽極槽體11充滿燃料（有機物質液體），陰極槽體12內則為清水，由於透過隔板121隔開上下之好氧環境與厭氧環境，只允許質子（氫離子）由陽極槽體11穿透進入陰極槽體12內反應，參與氧氣之還原作用，而陽極槽體11內微生物(亦即是生物性厭氧污泥)將有機物質(例如畜牧廢水等有機廢水)充當燃料，經其新陳代謝而產生二氧化碳、質子及電子，電子透過一外部電路14從陽極結構111移動到陰極結構122而產生電流，進而使該電流可被儲存在儲電裝置13之電容裝置132內。Therefore, when implemented, when the anode tank 11 is in the wastewater environment 2 (ie, anaerobic environment) and the cathode tank 12 is in an aerobic environment (such as clean water environment 3), the anode tank 11 is filled with fuel (organic substance liquid), The cathode tank 12 is filled with clean water. Since the upper and lower aerobic environment and the anaerobic environment are separated by the partition 121, only protons (hydrogen ions) are allowed to penetrate from the anode tank 11 into the cathode tank 12 to react and participate in oxygen. The reduction effect, and the microorganisms (that is, biological anaerobic sludge) in the anode tank 11 use organic matter (such as livestock wastewater and other organic wastewater) as fuel, and produce carbon dioxide, protons and electrons through their metabolism, and the electrons pass through a The external circuit 14 moves from the anode structure 111 to the cathode structure 122 to generate current, so that the current can be stored in the capacitor device 132 of the power storage device 13 .
此外，本發明所設之直立式水底微生物燃料電池模組1更進一步可連接有一快速傅立葉轉換（FFT）計算分析系統15，以計算並分析所產生之位移電流的變化特徵，以評估產電效率與廢水環境內相關產電菌族群狀態，並傳遞至一遠端電腦16記錄與儲存，而該電容裝置132係為一可活動組裝於該儲電裝置13之抽取式電容裝置，藉以使移出該儲電裝置13後，可作為一外部設備之供電來源。同時，本發明亦可在該陽極槽體11之廢水環境2上方增設有沼氣收集裝置4，用以收集該廢水環境2散發出來的氣體。In addition, the vertical underwater microbial fuel cell module 1 of the present invention can be further connected to a fast Fourier transform (FFT) calculation and analysis system 15 to calculate and analyze the changing characteristics of the generated displacement current to evaluate the power generation efficiency. The status of the electrogenic bacteria population related to the wastewater environment is transmitted to a remote computer 16 for recording and storage, and the capacitor device 132 is a removable capacitor device that can be movably assembled in the power storage device 13, so that it can be removed from the After the power storage device 13 is installed, it can be used as a power supply source for an external device. At the same time, the present invention can also add a biogas collection device 4 above the wastewater environment 2 of the anode tank 11 to collect the gas emitted by the wastewater environment 2.
由於本發明不僅透過使用「快速傅立葉轉換（FFT）」計算分析，藉由計算分析頻率區域內，經由降解養豬廢水中有機質所產生之電流遞減情況，同時分析結果證明所產生之電流是由直流（DC）電與交流電（AC）組成，箭頭處為直流電（DC）的訊號（如第4圖所示），可能與放電之微生物族群行為有關 。 Because the present invention not only calculates and analyzes by using "Fast Fourier Transform" (FFT), but also calculates and analyzes the decrease in current generated by degrading organic matter in pig wastewater in the frequency region. At the same time, the analysis results prove that the current generated is generated by DC. (DC) electricity is composed of alternating current (AC). The arrow is the direct current (DC) signal (as shown in Figure 4), which may be related to the behavior of the microbial population in discharge .
藉此，本發明具有以下之優點： 1. 本發明直立式水底微生物燃料電池模組，有別於習知左右雙槽式之設計，有效解決空間問題，而能更廣泛應用於各種如畜牧場厭氣消化槽、水產養殖場、海底污泥環境等大型之場域。 2. 本發明直立式水底微生物燃料電池模組，可以輕易取得糞尿廢水或污泥中之養份，大幅提升其產電效率，足以提供外部設施如廢水處理場內部分或甚至所有水質感知器與數據傳輸器所需之電力需求，同時利用在廢水環境上方增設有之沼氣收集裝置，有效收集該廢水環境散發出來的氣體。 3. 本發明可透過連接有一快速傅立葉轉換（FFT）計算分析系統，來分析所產生之位移電流的變化特徵，此位移電流特徵資料可以協助更精確地評估產電效率與相關產電菌族群狀態，亦可進行有關即時位移電流數據之分析，以即時偵測燃料電池輸出之直流與交流電流變化狀況；配合即時水質分析參數，用以評估水底微生物燃料電池之產電狀況。 4. 本發明所設之電容裝置係為可活動組裝於該儲電裝置之抽取式設計，藉以使移出後，可獨立作為一外部設備之供電來源，或是以多個電容裝置串聯方式來使用。 Thus, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The vertical underwater microbial fuel cell module of the present invention is different from the conventional left and right double tank design, which effectively solves the space problem and can be more widely used in various applications such as anaerobic digestion tanks in livestock farms, aquaculture farms, and seabed Large areas such as sludge environment. 2. The vertical underwater microbial fuel cell module of the present invention can easily obtain nutrients from feces, wastewater or sludge, greatly improving its power generation efficiency, which is enough to provide some or even all water quality sensors and sensors in external facilities such as wastewater treatment plants. The power required by the data transmitter is required, and at the same time, a biogas collection device is added above the wastewater environment to effectively collect the gas emitted by the wastewater environment. 3. The present invention can analyze the changing characteristics of the generated displacement current by connecting it to a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) calculation and analysis system. This displacement current characteristic data can help more accurately evaluate the electricity production efficiency and the status of the related electrogenic bacteria population. , it can also perform analysis on real-time displacement current data to instantly detect changes in DC and AC current output by the fuel cell; combined with real-time water quality analysis parameters, it can be used to evaluate the power production status of underwater microbial fuel cells. 4. The capacitor device provided in the present invention is of a removable design that can be flexibly assembled in the power storage device, so that after being removed, it can be independently used as a power supply source for an external device, or it can be used in series with multiple capacitor devices. .
以上所述乃是本發明之具體實施例及所運用之技術手段，根據本文的揭露或教導可衍生推導出許多的變更與修正，仍可視為本發明之構想所作之等效改變，其所產生之作用仍未超出說明書及圖式所涵蓋之實質精神，均應視為在本發明之技術範疇之內，合先陳明。The above are specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical means used. Many changes and modifications can be derived based on the disclosure or teachings of this article, and they can still be regarded as equivalent changes to the concept of the present invention. The resulting The effect does not exceed the essential spirit covered by the description and drawings, and should be regarded as within the technical scope of the present invention and shall be stated in advance.
綜上所述，依上文所揭示之內容，本發明確可達到發明之預期目的，提供一種直立式水底微生物燃料電池模組，極具實用性與產業上利用之價值，爰依法提出發明專利申請。In summary, based on the content disclosed above, the present invention can clearly achieve the intended purpose of the invention and provide a vertical underwater microbial fuel cell module that is highly practical and of industrial utilization value. An invention patent is filed in accordance with the law. Apply.
a:陽極槽體 b:陰極槽體 c:質子交換膜 d:電路導線 1:直立式水底微生物燃料電池模組 11:陽極槽體 111:陽極結構 12:陰極槽體 121:隔板 122:陰極結構 13:儲電裝置 131:電感裝置 132:電容裝置 14:外部電路 15:快速傅立葉轉換（FFT）計算分析系統 16:遠端電腦 2:廢水環境 3:清水環境 4:沼氣收集裝置 a: Anode tank b: Cathode tank c: proton exchange membrane d:Circuit wire 1: Vertical underwater microbial fuel cell module 11: Anode tank 111:Anode structure 12:Cathode tank 121:Partition 122:Cathode structure 13:Power storage device 131:Inductor device 132: Capacitor device 14:External circuit 15: Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) calculation and analysis system 16:Remote computer 2:Wastewater environment 3: Clear water environment 4: Biogas collection device
圖1係為習用左右雙槽式的微生物燃料電池之結構示意圖。 圖2 係為本發明實施例直立式水底微生物燃料電池模組之架構示意圖。 圖3 係為本發明實施例直立式水底微生物燃料電池模組之使用示意圖。 圖4 係為本發明實施例透過「快速傅立葉轉換（FFT）」計算分析之分析數據圖。 Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional left and right double-tank microbial fuel cell. Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical underwater microbial fuel cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the use of a vertical underwater microbial fuel cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is an analysis data diagram calculated and analyzed through "Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)" according to the embodiment of the present invention.
1:直立式水底微生物燃料電池模組 1: Vertical underwater microbial fuel cell module
11:陽極槽體 11: Anode tank
111:陽極結構 111:Anode structure
12:陰極槽體 12:Cathode tank
121:隔板 121:Partition
122:陰極結構 122:Cathode structure
13:儲電裝置 13:Power storage device
131:電感裝置 131:Inductor device
132:電容裝置 132: Capacitor device
14:外部電路 14:External circuit
15:快速傅立葉轉換(FFT)計算分析系統 15: Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) calculation and analysis system
16:遠端電腦 16:Remote computer
2:廢水環境 2:Wastewater environment
3:清水環境 3: Clear water environment
4:沼氣收集裝置 4: Biogas collection device
Claims (4)
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| TW111147021A TWI826170B (en) | 2022-12-07 | 2022-12-07 | Upright benthic microbial fuel cell module |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101710626A (en) * | 2009-11-12 | 2010-05-19 | 南京大学 | Single-chamber microbial fuel cell and application thereof in wastewater treatment |
| CN105609847A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-05-25 | 大连理工大学 | Apparatus for realizing surplus sludge disposal and membrane filtration through coupled single-chamber inclined-plate multi-positive-electrode microbial fuel cell |
| CN108520963A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-11 | 曲阜师范大学 | Environmental-friendly graphene bioelectrode microbiological fuel cell and preparation method thereof |
| CN114671517A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-06-28 | 交大碳为工程咨询(江苏)有限公司 | Membrane-free anaerobic coupling microbial fuel cell reactor and water treatment method |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101710626A (en) * | 2009-11-12 | 2010-05-19 | 南京大学 | Single-chamber microbial fuel cell and application thereof in wastewater treatment |
| CN105609847A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-05-25 | 大连理工大学 | Apparatus for realizing surplus sludge disposal and membrane filtration through coupled single-chamber inclined-plate multi-positive-electrode microbial fuel cell |
| CN108520963A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-11 | 曲阜师范大学 | Environmental-friendly graphene bioelectrode microbiological fuel cell and preparation method thereof |
| CN114671517A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-06-28 | 交大碳为工程咨询(江苏)有限公司 | Membrane-free anaerobic coupling microbial fuel cell reactor and water treatment method |
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