CN109678254A - A kind of microbiological fuel cell - Google Patents
A kind of microbiological fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN109678254A CN109678254A CN201811609070.1A CN201811609070A CN109678254A CN 109678254 A CN109678254 A CN 109678254A CN 201811609070 A CN201811609070 A CN 201811609070A CN 109678254 A CN109678254 A CN 109678254A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/005—Combined electrochemical biological processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/301—Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of microbiological fuel cell.The microbiological fuel cell includes: positioned at the bottom filling layer being arranged successively from top to bottom, conductive filler layer, middle and upper part packing layer, top layer conductive material layer and the root of reactor column body to be located at middle and upper part packing layer and stem is upward through the vegetation of top layer conductive material layer;The upper surface of top layer conductive material layer is contacted with air;Reactor column body is filled with waste water, and waste water is from reactor cylinder underfill to top layer conductive material layer.Microbiological fuel cell of the invention can realize the recycling of chemical energy while improving the palliating degradation degree to the organic pollutant difficult to degrade in the biogas slurry waste water of pig farm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery technology fields, more particularly to a kind of microbiological fuel cell.
Background technique
The energy is the important material base that human society is depended on for existence and development, while the development and utilization of the energy directly affect
The development history of the mankind.For thousands of years, the mankind successively experienced the development history of four milestones: primitive society to the utilization of the energy
The invention and utilization of fiery use, 18th century steam engine;19th century electric energy utilization;20th century are using nuclear energy as the new energy of representative
Use.Since 21 century, the resources such as fossil energy such as coal, oil and natural gas are gradually used up totally, are almost difficult to maintain
Requirement of the economic development in the world to the energy.Along with the increasingly increase of world energy sources reserve distribution concentration degree, to the energy
Contention will be increasingly fierce, because a possibility that energy contention causes conflict or war still remains.It is affixed one's name to according to american energy information
(Energy InformationAdministration, EIA) newest prediction result, as world energy sources demand will persistently increase
Add, it is contemplated that the year two thousand twenty is up to 128.89 hundred million tons of oil equivalents, is up within 2025 136.50 hundred million tons of oil equivalents, it is therefore necessary to find
Sustainable alternative energy source.In addition, the COD of the discharge of China's livestock and poultry breeding industry in 2010 has reached 1268.26 according to statistics
Ten thousand tons, the biogas slurry for the high concentration that wherein Intensive Farm of Pig Raising generates has accounted for main status.
Pig farm biogas slurry has that water is big, nitrogen concentration is high, carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) imbalance, hardly degraded organic substance content are high, biochemical
The features such as degradability is poor, and processing difficulty is big, direct emission can cause serious harm to environment.Traditional single creature treatment process
It is difficult to handle the nitrogen waste water of high concentration and C/N can be further decreased, be unfavorable for subsequent biological treatment.In addition, piggery wastewater has
Contain a large amount of chemical energy in machine object, should be recycled.Therefore how to the pollution in the biogas slurry of pig farm carry out processing and
Can be carried out recycling to the chemistry in waste water becomes current urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of microbiological fuel cells, are improving to difficult to degrade in the biogas slurry waste water of pig farm
The recycling of chemical energy is realized while the palliating degradation degree of organic pollutant.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
A kind of microbiological fuel cell, comprising: the bottom being arranged successively from top to bottom positioned at reactor column body is filled out
The bed of material, conductive filler layer, middle and upper part packing layer, top layer conductive material layer and root are located at the middle and upper part packing layer and stem
It is upward through the vegetation of the top layer conductive material layer;The upper surface of the top layer conductive material layer is contacted with air;It is described anti-
Answer device column body filled with waste water, the waste water is from the reactor cylinder underfill to the top layer conductive material layer.
Optionally, the bottom of the side of the reactor cylinder is provided with water inlet, in the side of the reactor cylinder
Face is additionally provided with multiple sample taps, and multiple sample taps are respectively positioned on the top of the water inlet.
Optionally, which further includes peristaltic pump and inlet tank;The water inlet of the peristaltic pump with it is described
The water outlet of inlet tank is connected to;The water outlet of the peristaltic pump is connected to the water inlet;The peristaltic pump be used for will it is described into
Waste water in water tank is pumped into the reactor column body.
Optionally, which further includes resistance;The both ends of the resistance are connected respectively to the conduction and fill out
The bed of material and the top layer conductive material layer.
Optionally, which further includes data collection system and computer;The data collection system
Two data collection terminals respectively be connected to the conductive filler layer and the top layer conductive material layer;The data collection system
Also with the calculating mechatronics;The data collection system is for acquiring the conductive filler layer and the top layer conductive material
The electric signal of layer output, and by the electric signal transmission to the computer;The computer is for showing the electric signal simultaneously
The acquisition time of the data collection system is controlled.
Optionally, the bottom filling layer is cobblestone and grit.
Optionally, the conductive filler layer is the active carbon particle being wrapped in stainless (steel) wire.
Optionally, the middle and upper part packing layer is cobblestone and grit.
Optionally, the top layer conductive material layer is carbon felt.
Optionally, the material of the reactor cylinder is organic glass.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses following technical effects: disclosed in this invention micro-
Biological fuel cell, including be located at the bottom filling layer being arranged successively from top to bottom of reactor column body, conductive filler layer,
Middle and upper part packing layer and top layer conductive material layer;The bottom filling layer and conductive filler layer of the microbiological fuel cell are located at anaerobism
Area, conductive filler layer are anode, and top layer conductive material layer is cathode;When waste water passes through anaerobic zone, bacterium is attached to bottom filling
Biomembrane is generated on the filler of layer, the biomembrane of attachment carries out oxidative degradation to pollutant, will exhale in the electricity production flora body of anode
The electron transmission and be transferred to cell membrane surface that suction effect generates, subsequent electronics is transmitted to anode surface from cell membrane.Work as connection
When external circuit, the electronics on anode reaches cathode and forms extrinsic current.The hydrogen ion of generation is transmitted to yin with water flow rising simultaneously
Pole room generates water in cathode and electronics, oxygen reaction, the transmitting of charge in battery is realized, to form complete bioelectrochemical
Process and energy conversion process.Microbiological fuel cell has biological production electro ultrafiltration, to enhance the removal to pollutant
Effect improves nutrient transformation efficiency and energy flux in system, to improve to difficult to degrade in the biogas slurry waste water of pig farm
The palliating degradation degree of organic pollutant, and by the electron transmission that respiration generates and be transferred to thin in the electricity production flora body of anode
After birth surface, subsequent electronics are transmitted to anode surface from cell membrane, realize and convert electric energy for chemical energy.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the battery structure figure of microbiological fuel cell embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of microbiological fuel cells, are improving the degradation to organic pollutant difficult to degrade
The recycling to the chemical energy in piggery wastewater is realized while degree.Used technology is up-flow artificial swamp (Up-flow
Constructed Wetland, UFCW) ecology sewage disposal technology.The technology is a kind of absorption using plant, soil
The metabolism of microorganism and the comprehensive functions such as the physics of filler and chemisorption purify the engineering technology of sewage;The technology low-carbon,
Economic, beautiful, manageability, there is higher pollutant removal.There is anaerobic zone and aerobic from top to bottom in UFCW internal system
Area, this meets requirement of the double-chamber microbiological fuel cell (Microbial Fuel Cell, MFC) to reaction environment, present invention benefit
Coupled system is formed with the sewage disposal technology and microbiological fuel cell technology of up-flow artificial swamp ecology.Of the invention
The purpose of UFCW-MFC coupled system is to produce electricl energy while removing the organic pollutant in sewage, has wide answer
Use prospect.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the battery structure figure of microbiological fuel cell embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the microbiological fuel cell, comprising: positioned at being arranged successively from top to bottom for reactor column body
Bottom filling layer 4, conductive filler layer 5, middle and upper part packing layer 6, top layer conductive material layer 7 and root are located at the middle and upper part and fill out
The bed of material 6 and stem are upward through the vegetation 8 of the top layer conductive material layer 7;The sealed bottom of reactor cylinder, top opening;
The upper surface of the top layer conductive material layer 7 is contacted with air;The reactor column body be filled with waste water, the waste water from
The reactor cylinder underfill is to the top layer conductive material layer 7.The bottom filling layer 4 and the conductive filler layer 5
In anaerobic zone.The conductive filler layer 5 constitutes the anode of the microbiological fuel cell, 7 structure of top layer conductive material layer
At the cathode of the microbiological fuel cell.Described cathode a part, which is located at, to be immersed in waste water, and a part exposure in air, is gone
At air cathode.
The bottom of the side of the reactor cylinder is provided with water inlet S0, is also set in the side of the reactor cylinder
Multiple sample taps 3 are equipped with, multiple sample taps 3 are respectively positioned on the top of the water inlet S0.
The microbiological fuel cell further includes peristaltic pump 2 and inlet tank 1;The water inlet of the peristaltic pump 2 and the water inlet
The water outlet of case 1 is connected to;The water outlet of the peristaltic pump 2 is connected to the water inlet S0;The peristaltic pump 2 be used for will it is described into
Waste water in water tank 1 is pumped into the reactor column body.
The microbiological fuel cell further includes resistance 9;The both ends of the resistance 9 are connected respectively to the conductive filler layer 5
With the top layer conductive material layer 7.Resistance 9 and anode and cathode constitute closed circuit.
The microbiological fuel cell further includes data collection system 10 and computer 12;The two of the data collection system 10
A data collection terminal respectively be connected to the conductive filler layer 5 and the top layer conductive material layer 7;The data collection system
10 are also electrically connected with the computer 12;The data collection system 10 is for acquiring the conductive filler layer 5 and the top layer
The electric signal that conductive material layer 7 exports, and by the electric signal transmission to the computer 12;The computer 12 is for showing
The electric signal simultaneously controls the acquisition time of the data collection system 10.The data collection system 10 and described
Connection between resistance 9 and the conductive filler layer 5 and the top layer conductive material layer 7 uses conducting wire 11, and conducting wire 11 is platinum
Conducting wire.Its platinum conducting wire and the tie point of the conductive filler layer 5 and the top layer conductive material layer 7 carry out at insulated enclosure
Reason.
The bottom filling layer 4 is the different cobblestone and grit of partial size.
The conductive filler layer 5 is the active carbon particle being wrapped in stainless (steel) wire, and the average grain diameter of active carbon particle is
5mm~10mm.Conductive filler layer 5 with a thickness of 100mm and be located at position apart from reactor cylinder bottom 100mm~200mm.
The middle and upper part packing layer 6 is the different cobblestone and grit of partial size.
The top layer conductive material layer 7 is carbon felt, and carbon felt is the round pie of diameter 200mm, thickness 30mm.The top layer is led
Material layer 7 and the average headway of conductive filler layer 5 are 450mm.
The material of the reactor cylinder is organic glass.Reactor cylinder is the cylindrical body of diameter 200mm, high 600mm.
Vegetation 8 is the canna strong with durability against pollution, root is flourishing.
The operation logic of microorganism fuel cell device of the invention are as follows: waste water is pumped into reactor column by peristaltic pump
Internal portion, waste water pass sequentially through the bottom filling floor and conductive filler layer, Zhong Shang area of bottom anaerobic zone in a manner of up-flow
The top conductive material of middle and upper part wet land filler and top area, last outflow reactor.When waste water passes through anaerobic zone, bacterium is attached to
Biomembrane is generated on the filler of bottom filling layer, the biomembrane of attachment carries out oxidative degradation to pollutant, in the electricity production bacterium of anode
Group is by the electron transmission that respiration generates and is transferred to cell membrane surface, and subsequent electronics is transmitted to anode table from cell membrane
Face.By external circuit, the electronics on anode reaches cathode and forms extrinsic current.The hydrogen ion of generation is risen with water flow simultaneously and is transmitted
To cathode chamber, water is generated in cathode and electronics, oxygen reaction, the transmitting of charge in battery is realized, to form complete biology
Electrochemical process and energy conversion process.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses following technical effects:
1, it makes full use of with the huge Wetland Substrate than face amount, as the habitat of electricity-producing microorganism, the electricity production of anode
The biological production electro ultrafiltration of bacterium can carry out anaerobic degradation to organic pollutant difficult to degrade in the biogas slurry of pig farm, promote wetland to pig
The processing of field biogas slurry hard-degraded substance, enhances artificial swamp to the removal effect of pollutant, and the substance improved in system turns
Change efficiency and energy flux.
2, coupled system pollutant removal with higher and capacity of resisting impact load, by a large amount of chemical energy of biogas slurry
It is converted into electric energy, realizes the recycling and recovery energy of waste, is suitble to large-scale pig farm wastewater treatment and Technique Popularizing.
3, using with the huge carbon felt than face amount, as cathode, there is very strong absorption property to oxygen, greatly improve
The oxygen content of cathode;The up-flow feature of this coupled system then makes hard-degraded substance in biogas slurry pass through bottom of device first
Anaerobic Treatment then reaches aerobic zone at the top of device, by Aerobic Process for Treatment, the final efficient process for realizing pig farm biogas slurry.
4, artificial swamp-microbiological fuel cell coupled system pollutant removal with higher, lower operation
Expense, stable treatment effect, capacity of resisting impact load are strong.
Used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, and above embodiments are said
It is bright to be merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention;At the same time, for those skilled in the art, foundation
Thought of the invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of microbiological fuel cell characterized by comprising positioned at being arranged successively from top to bottom for reactor column body
Bottom filling layer, conductive filler layer, middle and upper part packing layer, top layer conductive material layer and root be located at the middle and upper part filler
Layer and stem are upward through the vegetation of the top layer conductive material layer;The upper surface of the top layer conductive material layer connects with air
Touching;The reactor column body is filled with waste water, and the waste water is led from the reactor cylinder underfill to the top layer
Material layer.
2. microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that at the bottom of the side of the reactor cylinder
Portion is provided with water inlet, is additionally provided with multiple sample taps in the side of the reactor cylinder, multiple sample taps are respectively positioned on
The top of the water inlet.
3. microbiological fuel cell according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include peristaltic pump and inlet tank;It is described
The water inlet of peristaltic pump is connected to the water outlet of the inlet tank;The water outlet of the peristaltic pump is connected to the water inlet;Institute
Peristaltic pump is stated for the waste water in the inlet tank to be pumped into the reactor column body.
4. microbiological fuel cell according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include resistance;The both ends of the resistance
It is connected respectively to the conductive filler layer and the top layer conductive material layer.
5. microbiological fuel cell according to claim 4, which is characterized in that further include data collection system and calculating
Machine;Two data collection terminals of the data collection system respectively be connected to the conductive filler layer and the top layer conductive material
The bed of material;The data collection system also with the calculating mechatronics;The data collection system is filled out for acquiring the conduction
The electric signal of the bed of material and top layer conductive material layer output, and by the electric signal transmission to the computer;The calculating
Machine is for showing the electric signal and controlling the acquisition time of the data collection system.
6. microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bottom filling layer is cobblestone and sand
Gravel.
7. microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the conductive filler layer is stainless to be wrapped in
Active carbon particle in steel mesh.
8. microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the middle and upper part packing layer be cobblestone and
Grit.
9. microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the top layer conductive material layer is carbon felt.
10. microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the reactor cylinder is to have
Machine glass.
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Cited By (3)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN112573655A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-03-30 | 天津大学 | VSFW reaction equipment with synchronous denitrification, electrogenesis and rapid enrichment of microbial fuel cells |
NL2029145A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-27 | Univ Nankai | Aquatic plant-microbial electrochemical remediation system and application thereof and method for treating organic polluted water |
CN113735262A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-12-03 | 天津大学 | Synchronous denitrification electrogenesis microbial fuel cell type upflow vertical flow constructed wetland equipment |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112573655A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-03-30 | 天津大学 | VSFW reaction equipment with synchronous denitrification, electrogenesis and rapid enrichment of microbial fuel cells |
NL2029145A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-27 | Univ Nankai | Aquatic plant-microbial electrochemical remediation system and application thereof and method for treating organic polluted water |
CN113735262A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-12-03 | 天津大学 | Synchronous denitrification electrogenesis microbial fuel cell type upflow vertical flow constructed wetland equipment |
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