CN102780021A - A/O type film-free biological cathode microbial fuel cell - Google Patents
A/O type film-free biological cathode microbial fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN102780021A CN102780021A CN2012102690271A CN201210269027A CN102780021A CN 102780021 A CN102780021 A CN 102780021A CN 2012102690271 A CN2012102690271 A CN 2012102690271A CN 201210269027 A CN201210269027 A CN 201210269027A CN 102780021 A CN102780021 A CN 102780021A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses an A/O type film-free biological cathode microbial fuel cell, which relates to the field of an electrochemical energy resource and aims to solve the problems that the microbial fuel cell is high in construction and operation cost and is not suitable for practical application because a heavy metal catalytic material and an electronic transfer mediator are required to be added for an anode chamber and a cathode chamber of the traditional microbial fuel cell are separated by a proton exchange membrane. The anode chamber is arranged on a central part in the cathode chamber; two rows of transfer holes are uniformly drilled along the periphery on the side wall of the lower end of the anode chamber; granular activated carbon is filled in the anode chamber; one end of an anode carbon rod is inserted into an anode area; the distance between the lower end surface of a sieve tray and the bottom surface of the anode chamber is 10cm; the granular activated carbon is filled on the sieve tray; one end of a cathode carbon rod is inserted into a cathode area; the other end of the cathode carbon rod is connected with the other end of the cathode carbon rod through a copper lead; and an aerating head is arranged at the bottom of the cathode area and is connected with an air pump through a pipe. The A/O type film-free biological cathode microbial fuel cell is applied to microbial power generation or sewage treatment synchronous power generation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrochemical energy technical field, be specifically related to a kind of microbiological fuel cell that is used for the organic substance generating.
Background technology
Global economy is fast-developing; The energy shortage problem of globalization is serious day by day, causes the whole world to ignore problem of environmental pollution, energetically develop energy; The environmental problem that causes has thus been disagreed with the sustainable development in the present age, brings white elephant for the development of society.Therefore, one side need be sought new clean energy resource and replaced the disposable energy, need develop new technology on the other hand and from waste water, reclaim the energy to reduce the disposal cost of waste water.
General, microbiological fuel cell is a kind of device that can the chemical energy in the organic substance be converted into electric energy under action of microorganisms.As effective catalyst, microbe can be with oxidation operation, and the electron transfer that oxidizing process is discharged is to electrode material, and then exports from external circuit with the form of electric current.The microbial growth environment must be an anaerobism, could guarantee that so final electron acceptor is electrode rather than oxygen, otherwise electronics will be participated in the electronation generation water of oxygen directly.If with the substrate of organic wastewater as microbiological fuel cell (MFC) anode, the organic substance in the waste water can be degraded by microorganisms too, just accomplished organic oxidation Decomposition and electric current conversion like this.
Traditional microbiological fuel cell (MFC) is made up of an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, is separated by through PEM (PEM) between the chamber, the two poles of the earth.Double-chamber microbiological fuel cell (MFC) with classics is an example, its cardinal principle be with the anode microbe as catalyst oxidation substrate (like glucose, sodium acetate etc.), produce electronics, proton and carbon dioxide.Electronics is delivered to anode (negative pole) pole plate through amboceptor, and arrives negative electrode (positive pole) through the external circuit load, and proton arrives negative electrode through PEM by anode, and oxidant is (with O
2Be example) obtain electronics at negative electrode and be reduced, thus form the loop, produce electric current, anode half-reaction and negative electrode half-reaction are respectively:
Anode half-reaction: C
6H
12O
6+ 6H
2O → 6CO
2+ 24H
++ 24e
-E
0=0.014V
Negative electrode half-reaction: 6O
2+ 24H
++ 24e
-→ 12H
2O E
0=1.23V
In theory, the glucose of every oxidation 1mol can produce the voltage of 1.216V.
Microbiological fuel cell (MFC) generating mainly is following four steps of experience: (1), anode under the biocatalyst effect with the organic substance oxidation; (2), electronics transfers on the electrode through biological mediator, nm-class conducting wire that self is produced or the oxidoreducing enzyme with electro-chemical activity, proton is transferred to negative electrode from anode simultaneously; (3), electronics is by the external circuit transmission; (4), cathode oxide reduction.In microbiological fuel cell (MFC) system, can use liquid iron potassium cyanide or potassium permanganate target to be optimized, but these liquid electron acceptors are owing to need regeneration to be not suitable for practical application.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to form by an anode chamber and a cathode chamber for solving traditional microbiological fuel cell (MFC); Be separated by through PEM (PEM) between the chamber, the two poles of the earth; Need to add heavy metal catalysis material and electron transfer mediator, cause the structure of microbiological fuel cell (MFC) and operating cost high thus, simultaneously; Liquid electron acceptor provides a kind of A/O formula not have the film biological-cathode microbiological fuel cell owing to needing regeneration to be not suitable for the problem of practical application.
A kind of A/O formula of the present invention does not have the film biological-cathode microbiological fuel cell and comprises cathode chamber, anode chamber, sieve tray, valve, anode carbon-point, negative carbon, copper conductor, air pump, aeration head and grain active carbon, and cathode chamber is a cone barrel, and the upper end diameter of cathode chamber is greater than lower end diameter; The upper end of cathode chamber is an opening end, and the upper portion side wall of cathode chamber is provided with liquid outlet, and the bottom of cathode chamber is provided with floss hole; Valve is installed in the floss hole place, and the anode chamber is a cylindrical shape, and the anode chamber is arranged on centre in the cathode chamber; The top of anode chamber is provided with inlet, and sidewall upper edge, the lower end circumference of anode chamber evenly is drilled with two row's transfer holes, and grain active carbon is housed in the anode chamber; Grain active carbon in the anode chamber is as the anode region of galvanic anode; One end of anode carbon-point inserts in the anode region, and sieve tray is arranged between cathode chamber and the anode chamber, and the distance between the lower surface of sieve tray and the bottom surface of anode chamber is 8cm～12cm; Be positioned in the cathode chamber grain active carbon is housed above the sieve tray; Grain active carbon above the sieve tray is as the cathodic region of cell cathode, and an end of negative carbon inserts in the cathodic region, and the other end of anode carbon-point is connected through copper conductor with the other end of negative carbon; Aeration head is arranged on the bottom in cathodic region, and aeration head is connected with air pump through pipeline.
The present invention comprises following beneficial effect:
One, the present invention does not adopt the anaerobic sludge inoculation, but utilizes anaerobic-aerobic (A/O) technology Continuous Flow to handle, and promptly utilizes reactor to adopt and directly advances sanitary sewage; Natural mixed bacterial in the sanitary sewage is cultivated domestication, forms the inoculation of nature seed sludge, during operation; The anode chamber keeps anaerobic condition; Cathode chamber utilizes peristaltic pump 2.8ml/L to intake continuously through inlet by the air pump aeration, and operating temperature maintains about 25 ℃ of room temperatures; After obtaining stable voltage output in the question response device running, start and accomplish.The present invention utilizes transfer hole 2-2 to replace the conduction that expensive PEM is accomplished ion; Also feasibility is provided economically for practical application; Anode adopts the very low common granulated carbon of cost in addition, has reduced the foundation cost of MFC to a great extent, has great superiority economically.Therefore, the present invention is no film biological-cathode microbiological fuel cell, more is applicable to the practical application of sewage disposal.By contrast, adopt microbe, must not add heavy metal catalysis material and electron transfer mediator, can significantly reduce structure and the operating cost of MFC, strengthen the stability of MFC operation as cathod catalyst.Two, the present invention utilizes the metabolism of cathode microbial can also remove the multiple pollutant in the water.Three, the present invention does not have the film biological-cathode microbiological fuel cell for the A/O formula of sewage disposal synchronous electrogenesis, and the anaerobic-aerobic processing procedure of Continuous Flow can make full use of sewage and generate electricity on a large scale, obtains the effect of sewage disposal synchronous electrogenesis.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the whole main cutaway view that a kind of A/O formula of the present invention does not have the film biological-cathode microbiological fuel cell; Fig. 2 is a cell reaction device master cutaway view; Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, combination Fig. 1～Fig. 3 explain this execution mode, and this execution mode comprises cathode chamber 1, anode chamber 2, sieve tray 3, valve 4, anode carbon-point 5, negative carbon 6, copper conductor 7, air pump 8, aeration head 9 and grain active carbon 10, and cathode chamber 1 is a cone barrel; The upper end diameter of cathode chamber 1 is greater than lower end diameter, and the upper end of cathode chamber 1 is an opening end, and the upper portion side wall of cathode chamber 1 is provided with liquid outlet 1-1; The bottom of cathode chamber 1 is provided with floss hole 1-2, and valve 4 is installed in floss hole 1-2 place, and anode chamber 2 is a cylindrical shape; Anode chamber 2 is arranged on centre in the cathode chamber 1, and the top of anode chamber 2 is provided with inlet 2-1, and sidewall upper edge, the lower end circumference of anode chamber 2 evenly is drilled with two row's transfer hole 2-2; Transfer hole 2-2 is used for proton and ion transmits between cathode chamber 1 and anode chamber 2, and grain active carbon 10 is housed in the anode chamber 2, and the grain active carbon 10 in the anode chamber 2 is as the anode region of galvanic anode; The liquor capacity of anode region is 850mL, and an end of anode carbon-point 5 inserts in the anode region, and anode carbon-point 5 is an anode electrode; Its material is a graphite, and anode carbon-point 5 is derived electronics in the anode region, and sieve tray 3 is arranged between cathode chamber 1 and the anode chamber 2; Distance h between the bottom surface of the lower surface of sieve tray 3 and anode chamber 2 is 8cm～12cm; Be positioned in the cathode chamber 1 grain active carbon 10 is housed above the sieve tray 3, the grain active carbon 10 above the sieve tray 3 is as the cathodic region of cell cathode, and the liquor capacity in cathodic region is 3100ml; One end of negative carbon 6 inserts in the cathodic region; Negative carbon 6 is a cathode electrode, and its material is a graphite, and graphite rod is as cathode electrode; The other end of anode carbon-point 5 is connected through copper conductor 7 with the other end of negative carbon 6, and anode carbon-point 5 and negative carbon 6 usefulness copper conductors 7 are connected to form circuit.Aeration head 9 is arranged on the bottom in cathodic region, and aeration head 9 is connected with air pump 8 through pipeline.Cathode chamber 1 and anode chamber 2 are processed by polymethyl methacrylate, and cathode chamber 1 constitutes the cell reaction devices with anode chamber 2.
Operation principle of the present invention: the waste water that contains a large amount of organic carbons pollutions enters into anode chamber 2 by inlet 2-1; Be attached with a large amount of electrogenesis microbes on the anode region of anode chamber 2; Waste water is flowed through in the process of anode chamber 2; The organic carbon that the electrogenesis microbe can consume in the waste water is grown and the raw material of metabolism as own, organic carbon is converted into material or the CO of self
2, played and removed the effect that organic carbon pollutes, in metabolism; Can produce electron transport and give anode carbon-point 5, produce proton and be discharged in the anolyte, electronics arrives the cathodic region of cathode chamber 1 through copper conductor 7; And the proton in the anode chamber 2 can flow to the cathodic region from transfer hole 2-2 along with sewage, and the proton in the sewage can react under action of microorganisms with the electronics on the negative carbon 6, the dissolved oxygen in the water, and air injects catholyte by air pump 8 through aeration head 11; Guarantee the abundance of the dissolved oxygen in the cathode chamber 1, simultaneously, the cathodic region also has a large amount of oxygen consumption microbial growths; And these oxygen consumption microbial growths and metabolism meeting further consume the organic substance in the sewage, thereby organic pollution is removed for the second time, and be last; Two steps through anode and negative electrode handle; Organic pollution in the water is removed, and can produce a certain amount of electric energy, can supply with the electrical appliance operation.In the whole service process; Sewage index that can antianode is carried out on-line determination; Or gather water sample and carry out determined off-line; With each item index and the situation of microbe that detects the sewage in the anode chamber, and because cathode chamber 1 is an open type, online determination sensor also can be installed carry out that parameters is measured or the collection water sample is measured.The processing stage of operation,, change operational factor according to treatment effect.
Embodiment two, combination Fig. 1 explain this execution mode, and the diameter of the transfer hole 2-2 of this execution mode is 5.0mm.Ion and proton that sewage reaction back, anode region produces migrate to the cathodic region from transfer hole 2-2 under the effect of current.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three, combination Fig. 1 explain this execution mode, and the particle diameter of the grain active carbon 10 of this execution mode is 5mm.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four, combination Fig. 1 explain this execution mode, and the diameter of the anode carbon-point 5 of this execution mode is 1cm, the long 30cm of being, the diameter of said negative carbon 6 is 1cm, and long is 20cm.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment three.
Embodiment five, combination Fig. 1 explain this execution mode, and the distance h between the lower surface of the sieve tray 3 of this execution mode and the bottom surface of anode chamber 2 is 10cm.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment four.
Embodiment six, combination Fig. 1 explain this execution mode, and the internal diameter of the anode chamber 2 of this execution mode is 9cm, and height is 23cm.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment four.
Embodiment seven, combination Fig. 1 explain this execution mode, and the open upper end internal diameter of the cathode chamber 1 of this execution mode is 25cm, and the internal diameter of going to the bottom of cathode chamber 1 is that the height overall H of 14cm, cathode chamber 1 is 24cm.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment four.
Embodiment eight, combination Fig. 1 explain this execution mode, and the screen-aperture on the sieve tray 3 of this execution mode is 5.0mm.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment four.
Claims (8)
1. an A/O formula does not have the film biological-cathode microbiological fuel cell, it is characterized in that: said microbiological fuel cell comprises cathode chamber (1), anode chamber (2), sieve tray (3), valve (4), anode carbon-point (5), negative carbon (6), copper conductor (7), air pump (8), aeration head (9) and grain active carbon (10), and cathode chamber (1) is a cone barrel; The upper end diameter of cathode chamber (1) is greater than lower end diameter, and the upper end of cathode chamber (1) is an opening end, and the upper portion side wall of cathode chamber (1) is provided with liquid outlet (1-1); The bottom of cathode chamber (1) is provided with floss hole (1-2); Valve (4) is installed in floss hole (1-2) and locates, and anode chamber (2) are cylindrical shape, and anode chamber (2) are arranged on the interior centre of cathode chamber (1); The top of anode chamber (2) is provided with inlet (2-1); Sidewall upper edge, the lower end circumference of anode chamber (2) evenly is drilled with two row's transfer holes (2-2), and grain active carbon (10) is housed in anode chamber (2), and the grain active carbon (10) in anode chamber (2) is as the anode region of galvanic anode; One end of anode carbon-point (5) inserts in the anode region; Sieve tray (3) is arranged between cathode chamber (1) and anode chamber (2), and the distance (h) between the bottom surface of the lower surface of sieve tray (3) and anode chamber (2) is 8cm～12cm, is positioned in the cathode chamber (1) grain active carbon (10) is housed above the sieve tray (3); Grain active carbon (10) above the sieve tray (3) is as the cathodic region of cell cathode; One end of negative carbon (6) inserts in the cathodic region, and graphite rod is as cathode electrode, and the other end of anode carbon-point (5) is connected through copper conductor (7) with the other end of negative carbon (6); Aeration head (9) is arranged on the bottom in cathodic region, and aeration head (9) is connected with air pump (8) through pipeline.
2. do not have the film biological-cathode microbiological fuel cell according to the said a kind of A/O formula of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the diameter of said transfer hole (2-2) is 5.0mm.
3. do not have the film biological-cathode microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2 said a kind of A/O formulas, it is characterized in that: (10 particle diameter is 5mm to said grain active carbon.
4. do not have the film biological-cathode microbiological fuel cell according to the said a kind of A/O formula of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the diameter of said anode carbon-point (5) is 1cm, the long 30cm of being, the diameter of said negative carbon (6) is 1cm, the long 20cm of being.
5. do not have the film biological-cathode microbiological fuel cell according to the said a kind of A/O formula of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the distance (h) between the bottom surface of the lower surface of said sieve tray (3) and anode chamber (2) is 10cm.
6. do not have the film biological-cathode microbiological fuel cell according to the said a kind of A/O formula of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the internal diameter of said anode chamber (2) is 9cm, the high 23cm of being.
7. do not have the film biological-cathode microbiological fuel cell according to the said a kind of A/O formula of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the open upper end internal diameter of said cathode chamber (1) is 25cm, and the internal diameter of going to the bottom of cathode chamber (1) is that the height overall (H) of 14cm, cathode chamber (1) is 24cm.
8. do not have the film biological-cathode microbiological fuel cell according to the said a kind of A/O formula of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the screen-aperture on the said sieve tray (3) is 5.0mm.
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| CN2012102690271A CN102780021A (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | A/O type film-free biological cathode microbial fuel cell |
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| CN2012102690271A CN102780021A (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | A/O type film-free biological cathode microbial fuel cell |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103787557A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-05-14 | 安徽工程大学 | Acid mine waste water treating device |
| CN104868146A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-08-26 | 北京化工大学 | Microbial fuel cell for treating domestic sewage and producing electricity by coupling A<2>/O technology |
| CN107954572A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of microorganism electrochemical water treatment system for effectively integrating membrane treatment process |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101431161A (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2009-05-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Pipe type lifting-flow air cathode microbiological fuel cell |
| CN101908634A (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2010-12-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Split type membraneless microbiological fuel cell |
-
2012
- 2012-07-31 CN CN2012102690271A patent/CN102780021A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101431161A (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2009-05-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Pipe type lifting-flow air cathode microbiological fuel cell |
| CN101908634A (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2010-12-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Split type membraneless microbiological fuel cell |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张金娜等: "生物阴极微生物燃料电池不同阴极材料产电特性", 《高等学校化学学报》, 31 January 2010 (2010-01-31), pages 162 - 1 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103787557A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-05-14 | 安徽工程大学 | Acid mine waste water treating device |
| CN104868146A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-08-26 | 北京化工大学 | Microbial fuel cell for treating domestic sewage and producing electricity by coupling A<2>/O technology |
| CN107954572A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of microorganism electrochemical water treatment system for effectively integrating membrane treatment process |
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Application publication date: 20121114 |