CN212967770U

CN212967770U - Underwater microbial fuel cell generating device

Info

Publication number: CN212967770U
Application number: CN202022345006.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李克勋; 张雪丽
Original assignee: Nankai University
Current assignee: Nankai University
Priority date: 2020-10-20
Filing date: 2020-10-20
Publication date: 2021-04-13
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-20

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, a microbial fuel cell generating device under water is related to. The microbial fuel cell mainly comprises an anode, a cathode, a proton exchange membrane, an electron acceptor and other components. The cathode chamber shell is completely composed of a cathode electrode, wherein the inner side is a catalyst layer, the middle layer is a titanium mesh, and the outer layer is a diffusion layer; the middle of the anode chamber of the cell is inserted with a conductive graphite rod to collect and transmit electrons, the inner chamber of the cylinder is provided with seabed/river bottom mud as a carbon source for metabolism of microorganisms, and the outer chamber is provided with a cathode electron acceptor to fully facilitate the electrons transferred from the anode to the cathode. Compared with the prior art, the utility model, furthest has increased the area of contact of negative pole to effectual sea water/river water resource of having utilized has practiced thrift the cost of construction as reactant and media, and this battery is expected to provide the power for the marine detection equipment low-energy-consuming underwater equipment such as temperature sensor, salinity sensor, sonar monitoring simultaneously.

Description

Underwater microbial fuel cell generating device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to utilize the microbial fuel cell that seabed or river bed deposit mud was handled.

Background

Huge resources are stored in the ocean, and abundant organic carbon sources are stored in ocean bottom mud and can provide sufficient raw materials for the submarine microbial fuel cells. However, there is currently little research on seafloor sediment sludge. In addition, as the development of ocean resources is deepened, a large number of ocean detection devices such as temperature sensors, salinity sensors, sonar monitoring devices and the like need to operate in the ocean for a long time. At present, the monitoring devices have the characteristics of low energy consumption and small volume, and need to supply electric energy for a long time by depending on batteries. The conventional battery supply is limited by the special environment of the ocean, so that a new underwater power supply needs to be researched to meet the requirements of ocean development and detection. These underwater electronic devices are often located at the bottom of the ocean to provide continuous monitoring and remote real-time data for deep sea research, military reconnaissance. The microbial fuel cell is a device for generating electricity by decomposing organic matters by using microbes, and the working principle of the microbial fuel cell is as follows: the process of converting chemical energy into electrical energy is that the electrogenic bacteria on the anode metabolize the organic matter in the seafloor sediment to produce a process of liberating protons and electrons which are transferred to the electron acceptor at the cathode by an external circuit.

The seabed microbial fuel cell is a special underwater microbial fuel cell which utilizes the whole marine environment as a reaction chamber, and the marine sediment contains more organic substances and anaerobic bacteria, so that a good hotbed can be provided for the microbial fuel cell. Many factors affect the performance of Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs), such as the Microbial metabolism rate, the catalytic performance of the cathode catalyst, the electron transfer between the microbe and the anode, the electron transfer from the cathode to the electron acceptor, the number and rate of proton hydrogen migration, etc. The electrode area, the diffusion rate of ions in the electrolyte and the influence of an electron acceptor on the electricity generation performance of the MFC are great. The traditional microbial fuel cell is mainly composed of two-dimensional electrodes, the area of the traditional microbial fuel cell contacting electrolyte is small, and the electricity generating power is not high; the submarine microbial fuel cell also has the problems of large internal resistance and low output power, so the improvement of the performances of the anode, the cathode and the proton exchange membrane of the submarine microbial fuel cell is a key problem needing to be broken through in the research of the submarine microbial fuel cell at present. In addition, the cathode reduction reaction of the microbial fuel cell is a multi-electron reaction, the reaction kinetics is slow, and experiments show that the electron transfer process can be accelerated by effectively increasing the cathode catalytic area, so that the output power is improved.

The cylindrical microbial fuel cell cathode chamber shell is completely composed of a cathode electrode, so that the electrode area is increased, and the matched proton exchange membrane is cylindrical, so that the ion diffusion area and speed are greatly increased; in addition, the number of the cathode electron acceptors has different influences on the open-circuit voltage and the power output of the microbial fuel cell, and an electron acceptor solution can be filled between the cathode and the proton exchange membrane in the cylindrical cell structure, so that the larger volume of the electron acceptor solution is favorable for the transmission of electrons, and the integral output power of the cell is improved.

Huge resources are stored in the ocean, and abundant organic carbon sources are stored in ocean bottom mud, and the organic carbon can provide sufficient raw materials for ocean bottom microbial fuel cells, however, the utilization of the ocean bottom mud is rarely researched at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the utility model is to utilize ocean sediment as organic matter and provide a novel cylindrical double-chamber cathode microbial fuel cell structure to increase the cathode area and then improve the power output.

The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:

an underwater microbial fuel cell generating device comprises a cathode 1, a proton exchange membrane 2, an anode 3, a sensor 4, a lead 5, a battery cover 6, an anode chamber 7, a cathode chamber 8, ocean bottom mud 9, a filter screen 10 and a battery bottom support 11; the bottom of the anode chamber 7 is provided with ocean bottom mud 9, the whole cell is cylindrical, the anode chamber 7 is arranged inside, the cathode 1 is arranged outside, the proton exchange membrane 2 and the cathode 1 are both cylindrical, and the anode 3 and the cathode 1 are connected through a lead 5 and form a closed loop with the external circuit sensor 4.

The cathode 1 is the outer wall of the battery, is fixed by a battery cover 4 and a groove and a screw nut which are arranged on a battery bottom support 10, and is composed of three layers, wherein the outer side is composed of a diffusion layer, the middle is composed of a stainless steel net or a titanium net, the inner side is composed of a catalyst, and the battery can also be used in a non-underwater environment.

The proton exchange membrane 2 and the ocean bottom mud 8 are separated by a filter screen.

The anode 3 is a cylindrical graphite rod.

The sensor 4 is a salinity sensor.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model, furthest has increased the area of contact of negative pole to effectual sea water/river water resource of having utilized has practiced thrift the cost of construction as reactant and media, and this battery is expected to provide the power for the marine detection equipment low-energy-consuming underwater equipment such as temperature sensor, salinity sensor, sonar monitoring simultaneously.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an underwater microbial fuel cell for treating ocean bottom sediment.

The reference numbers are as follows:

1- -cathode 2- -proton exchange Membrane

3-anode 4-salinity sensor

5-lead 6-cell cover

7- -anode chamber 8- -cathode chamber

9-ocean bottom mud 10-filter screen

11- -Battery bottom support

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in figure 1, ocean bottom sediment is arranged in a cylindrical anode chamber 7, and the anode chamber is surrounded by a proton exchange membrane 2 with the height of 30cm and the diameter of 20cm, so that protons generated by an anode can migrate to the surface of a cathode through the proton exchange membrane. The proton exchange membrane 2 and the anode are separated by a filter screen 10, a graphite rod is used as the anode 3 and is arranged on the upper part of the slurry, the cathode 1 is the outer wall of the battery, the height is 30cm, the diameter is 40cm, the cathode is fixed by a battery cover 6 and a groove and a screw nut which are arranged on a battery base 11, the cathode is composed of a three-layer structure, the outer side is composed of a diffusion layer, the middle is composed of a stainless steel net or a titanium net, the inner side is composed of a catalyst, the diffusion layer is generally formed by rolling conductive carbon black and a binder, and the catalyst layer is generally formed by rolling. The battery may also be used in non-underwater environments. When the cathode is used in a non-aqueous environment, the outer side of the cathode can be directly exposed to air, and oxygen is used as an electron acceptor. The cathode 1 and the anode 3 are connected with a resistor or a sensor 4 through a lead 5, when the resistor or the sensor is connected with the resistor, the treatment of the abandoned drilling mud is simply carried out, the resistance value is 100 + 1000 ohm, the sensor 4 can be replaced by other low-power electronic equipment such as a temperature hygrometer, a pH meter and the like, when the sensor or the sensor is connected with the electronic equipment, the energy generated by the microbial fuel cell is utilized to drive the electric equipment, and the electrodes supply power.

At present, the utility model discloses mainly used ocean sediment's degradation, abundant ocean resource of make full use of produces the green energy, but the electric energy that produces is not enough yet to drive great consumer.

The utility model mainly uses the microorganism of the anode of the microbial fuel cell to generate electric energy by using the organic matters of the ocean bottom mud, and the anode material graphite rod provides high conductivity. The battery shell is composed of the cathode, so that the contact area of the cathode is increased to the maximum extent, the catalyst with high porosity and high reducibility is arranged on the inner side of the cathode, and a large specific surface area is provided for receiving electrons, so that the electron transfer in the electrochemical reaction process is facilitated, and a large power density is provided. Meanwhile, the device effectively utilizes seawater/river water resources as reactants and media, construction cost is saved, and meanwhile, the battery is expected to provide power for ocean detection equipment such as a temperature sensor, a salinity sensor, sonar monitoring and other underwater equipment with low energy consumption.

Claims

1. An underwater microbial fuel cell generating device comprises a cathode (1), a proton exchange membrane (2), an anode (3), a sensor (4), a lead (5), a battery cover (6), an anode chamber (7), a cathode chamber (8), ocean bottom mud (9), a filter screen (10) and a battery bottom support (11); the device is characterized in that ocean bottom mud (9) is arranged at the bottom of the anode chamber (7), the whole cell is cylindrical, the anode chamber (7) is arranged inside, the cathode (1) is arranged outside, the proton exchange membrane (2) and the cathode (1) are both cylindrical, and the anode (3) and the cathode (1) are connected through a lead (5) and form a closed loop with the external circuit sensor (4).

2. The underwater microbial fuel cell generator of claim 1, wherein the cathode (1) is an outer wall of the cell, and is fixed by a cell cover (6) and a groove and screws and nuts carried by a cell base (11), and the generator is composed of a three-layer structure, the outer side is composed of a diffusion layer, the middle is composed of a stainless steel mesh or a titanium mesh, and the inner side is composed of a catalyst.

3. An underwater microbial fuel cell generator as claimed in claim 1 in which the proton exchange membrane (2) is separated from the marine substrate (9) by a screen.

4. An underwater microbial fuel cell generator according to claim 1, characterised in that the anode (3) is a cylindrical graphite rod.

5. An underwater microbial fuel cell generator according to claim 1, wherein the sensor (4) is a salinity sensor.