TWI809323B - 抑制阿申那平(asenapine)-n-氧化物之生成之方法 - Google Patents
抑制阿申那平(asenapine)-n-氧化物之生成之方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI809323B TWI809323B TW109136661A TW109136661A TWI809323B TW I809323 B TWI809323 B TW I809323B TW 109136661 A TW109136661 A TW 109136661A TW 109136661 A TW109136661 A TW 109136661A TW I809323 B TWI809323 B TW I809323B
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- Prior art keywords
- asenapine
- adhesive
- acid
- oxide
- mass
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Abstract
本發明提供一種貼附劑,其於支持體上具備黏著劑層,且上述黏著劑層含有阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽、黏著基劑、以及選自由硫代硫酸鹽、亞硫酸鹽及焦亞硫酸鹽所組成之群中之至少1種。
Description
本發明係關於一種抑制阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成之方法。
阿申那平係作為中樞神經系統疾病、尤其是精神分裂症之治療藥為人所知之化合物。在日本,作為含有阿申那平之醫藥品,流通有馬來酸阿申那平之舌下錠(商品名:Sycrest)。舌下投予通常作為難以發生首渡效應之投予經路為人所知。因此,即便是代謝穩定性相對較低之化合物,亦期待藉由舌下投予來發揮充分之藥理效果。近年來,作為新穎之製劑,研究開發含阿申那平之貼附劑(例如專利文獻1~3)。
阿申那平被吸收至體內後,經代謝而產生各種代謝物。作為阿申那平主要之一次代謝物,已知有N-去甲基體(N-去甲基阿申那平)、N-氧化體(阿申那平-N-氧化物)、11-氫氧化體(11-羥基阿申那平)、阿申那平-N-葡萄糖醛酸共軛物。業界認為該等代謝物對於阿申那平所結合之受體之親和性低於阿申那平,或向腦之轉移性較低,因此對最初想要之治療效果之貢獻較低。
先前技術文獻
專利文獻
專利文獻1:國際公開第2017/018321號
專利文獻2:國際公開第2017/018322號
專利文獻3:國際公開第2018/115001號
[發明所欲解決之問題]
本發明人等已知於貼附劑之製造過程中,由於阿申那平會被氧化而可能產生阿申那平-N-氧化物。因此,本發明之目的在於提供一種抑制阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成之方法。又,本發明之目的在於提供一種阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成得到抑制之貼附劑。
[解決問題之技術手段]
本發明提供以下之[1]~[12]。
[1]一種貼附劑,其於支持體上具備黏著劑層,且
上述黏著劑層含有阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽、黏著基劑、以及選自由硫代硫酸鹽、亞硫酸鹽及焦亞硫酸鹽所組成之群中之至少1種。
[2]如[1]所記載之貼附劑,其中焦亞硫酸鹽為焦亞硫酸鈉或焦亞硫酸鉀。
[3]如[1]或[2]所記載之貼附劑,其中黏著基劑為橡膠系黏著基劑。
[4]如[1]或[2]所記載之貼附劑,其中黏著基劑為丙烯酸系黏著基劑或聚矽氧系黏著基劑,阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽為馬來酸阿申那平。
[5]一種貼附劑之製造方法,其包括:於含有黏著基劑及阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽之組合物中添加選自由硫代硫酸鹽、亞硫酸鹽及焦亞硫酸鹽所組成之群中之至少1種而獲得黏著劑組合物;與
將上述黏著劑組合物於支持體上延展開。
[6]如[5]所記載之貼附劑之製造方法,其中焦亞硫酸鹽為焦亞硫酸鈉或焦亞硫酸鉀。
[7]如[5]或[6]所記載之貼附劑之製造方法,其中黏著基劑為橡膠系黏著基劑。
[8]如[5]或[6]所記載之貼附劑之製造方法,其中黏著基劑為丙烯酸系黏著基劑或聚矽氧系黏著基劑,阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽為馬來酸阿申那平。
[9]一種抑制阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成之方法,其包括:於含有黏著基劑及阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽之組合物中添加選自由硫代硫酸鹽、亞硫酸鹽及焦亞硫酸鹽所組成之群中之至少1種。
[10]如[9]所記載之方法,其中焦亞硫酸鹽為焦亞硫酸鈉或焦亞硫酸鉀。
[11]如[9]或[10]所記載之抑制阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成之方法,其中黏著基劑為橡膠系黏著基劑。
[12]如[9]或[10]所記載之抑制阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成之方法,其中黏著基劑為丙烯酸系黏著基劑或聚矽氧系黏著基劑,阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽為馬來酸阿申那平。
[發明之效果]
根據本發明,可抑制於貼附劑之製造過程中生成阿申那平-N-氧化物。又,根據本發明,可提供一種阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成得到抑制之貼附劑。本發明之含阿申那平之貼附劑由於抑制阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成,故能夠經受更長時間之保管。
根據本發明人等之見解,於貼附劑之製造過程及保管過程中,阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成之程度可根據黏著基劑之種類產生變化。尤其是於使用丙烯酸系黏著基劑或聚矽氧系黏著基劑作為黏著基劑之情形時,有相較於使用橡膠系黏著基劑之情形,容易生成阿申那平-N-氧化物之傾向。
因此,本說明書中,所謂「於貼附劑之製造過程中抑制阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成」,於黏著基劑為橡膠系黏著基劑之情形時,意指貼附劑剛製造後阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成量為0.05%以下(較佳為0.03%以下),於黏著基劑為丙烯酸系黏著基劑或聚矽氧系黏著基劑之情形時,意指與僅含有阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽及黏著基劑之貼附劑(例如比較例5、6)的數值相比,貼附劑剛製造後阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成量為90%以下(較佳為80%以下)。
又,所謂「於貼附劑之保管過程中抑制阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成」,於黏著基劑為橡膠系黏著基劑之情形時,意指將該貼附劑於60℃下保管2週後阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成量為0.25%以下(較佳為0.20%以下),於黏著基劑為丙烯酸系黏著基劑或聚矽氧系黏著基劑之情形時,意指與僅含有阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽及黏著基劑之貼附劑(例如比較例5、6)的數值相比,將該貼附劑於60℃下保管2週後阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成量為90%以下(較佳為85%以下)。
以下示出本發明之實施方式,詳細地說明本發明。
本發明之一實施方式為一種貼附劑,其於支持體上具備黏著劑層,且上述黏著劑層含有阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽、黏著基劑、以及選自由硫代硫酸鹽、亞硫酸鹽及焦亞硫酸鹽所組成之群中之至少1種。
支持體只要為能夠維持貼附劑、尤其是黏著劑層之形狀者即可。作為支持體之材質,例如可列舉:聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丁二烯、乙烯-氯乙烯共聚物、聚氯乙烯、尼龍等聚醯胺、聚酯、纖維素衍生物、聚胺基甲酸酯等合成樹脂。支持體之性狀例如為膜、片材、片狀多孔質體、片材狀發泡體、織布、編織布、不織布等布、及其等之積層體等。支持體之厚度並無特別限制,通常較佳為2~3000 μm左右。
黏著劑層係由黏著劑組合物所形成,上述黏著劑組合物係將阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽、黏著基劑、選自由硫代硫酸鹽、亞硫酸鹽及焦亞硫酸鹽所組成之群中之至少1種、以及下述任意成分加以混合所獲得。黏著劑層之厚度並無特別限制,可為30~300 μm、50~200 μm或70~120 μm。若黏著劑層之厚度超過300 μm,則於脫去被服時等貼附劑容易脫落。
阿申那平係被稱為(3aRS,12bRS)-5-氯-2-甲基-2,3,3a,12b-四氫-1H-二苯并[2,3:6,7]氧雜卓并[4,5-c]吡咯之化合物,由以下式(1)表示。
[化1]
阿申那平之藥學上可容許之鹽意指阿申那平之酸加成鹽中能夠用作醫藥者。作為酸,例如可列舉:鹽酸、氫溴酸、氫碘酸、磷酸、乙酸、丙酸、乙醇酸、順丁烯二酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、酒石酸、檸檬酸、抗壞血酸、水楊酸、苯甲酸等。例如,馬來酸阿申那平作為精神分裂症之治療藥市售。
阿申那平包含複數種光學異構物,可為任一種光學異構物,亦可為外消旋體等光學異構物之混合物。作為加成於阿申那平之酸,只要為藥學上可容許之酸,則無特別限制。阿申那平之酸加成鹽可為無水物,亦可為水合物。
阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽之含量以黏著劑層的總質量為基準,可為1~30質量%,較佳為2~20質量%或3~10質量%。
黏著基劑係對黏著劑層賦予黏著性之成分,例如可列舉:橡膠系黏著基劑、丙烯酸系黏著基劑、聚矽氧系黏著基劑等。黏著基劑較佳為選自由橡膠系黏著基劑、丙烯酸系黏著基劑及聚矽氧系黏著基劑所組成之群中之1種以上。黏著基劑較佳為不含水(非水系黏著基劑)。黏著基劑可為橡膠系黏著基劑、丙烯酸系黏著基劑及聚矽氧系黏著基劑之任一者,亦可為其等之組合。黏著基劑之總含量以黏著劑層之總質量為基準,較佳為40~98質量%,更佳為50~95質量%。
作為橡膠系黏著基劑,例如可列舉:天然橡膠、聚異丁烯、烷基乙烯基醚(共)聚合物、聚異戊二烯、聚丁二烯、苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物、苯乙烯-異戊二烯共聚物、苯乙烯-異戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物等。橡膠系黏著基劑可單獨使用其中1種,亦可組合2種以上使用。其中,作為本實施方式之橡膠系黏著基劑,就有可發揮黏著劑層之更充分之黏著力之傾向的觀點而言,較佳為選自由苯乙烯-異戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物及聚異丁烯所組成之群中之至少一種,更佳為苯乙烯-異戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物及聚異丁烯。
作為橡膠系黏著劑之具體例,可列舉:OPPANOL B12、B15、B50、B80、B100、B120、B150、B220(商品名,BASF公司製造)、JSR BUTYL
065、268、365(商品名,JSR公司製造)、Vistanex LM-MS、MH、H、MML-80、100、120、140(商品名,Exon Chemical公司製造)、HYCAR(商品名,古德里奇公司製造)、SIBSTAR T102(商品名,Kaneka公司製造)等。
橡膠系黏著基劑之含量以黏著劑層之總質量為基準,可為10~90質量%,亦可為15~85質量%。
丙烯酸系黏著基劑為對黏著劑層賦予黏著性之成分,例如為1種或2種以上(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯之(共)聚合物。作為(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯,例如可列舉:(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸癸酯等。再者,本說明書中,「(甲基)丙烯酸」之用語意指丙烯酸及甲基丙烯酸之任一者或兩者,類似之表達亦以相同之方式定義。於黏著基劑為丙烯酸系黏著基劑時,相較於阿申那平自由鹼,使用馬來酸阿申那平時更難以抑制阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成。
丙烯酸系黏著基劑可為由(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯(主要單體)及共聚單體所形成之共聚物。作為主要單體,例如可列舉:(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸庚酯、(甲基)丙烯酸辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己酯等,可單獨使用其中1種,亦可組合2種以上使用。共聚單體只要為能夠與(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯共聚之成分即可。作為共聚單體,例如可列舉:(甲基)丙烯酸羥基烷基酯、乙烯、丙烯、苯乙烯、乙酸乙烯酯、N-乙烯基吡咯啶酮、(甲基)丙烯酸、(甲基)丙烯醯胺等。共聚單體可為單獨1種,或組合2種以上而成者。
作為丙烯酸系黏著基劑之具體例,可列舉:丙烯酸・丙烯酸辛酯共聚物、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯・乙烯基吡咯啶酮共聚物溶液、丙烯酸酯・乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯・甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯・甲基丙烯酸十二烷基酯共聚物、丙烯酸甲酯・丙烯酸2-乙基己酯共聚樹脂乳液、丙烯酸樹脂烷醇胺液所含有之丙烯酸系高分子等。作為此種丙烯酸系黏著劑之具體例,可列舉:DURO-TAK(註冊商標)387-2510、DURO-TAK(註冊商標)87-2510、DURO-TAK(註冊商標)387-2287、DURO-TAK(註冊商標)87-2287、DURO-TAK(註冊商標)87-4287、DURO-TAK(註冊商標)387-2516、DURO-TAK(註冊商標)87-2516、DURO-TAK(註冊商標)87-2074、DURO-TAK(註冊商標)87-900A、DURO-TAK(註冊商標)87-901A、DURO-TAK(註冊商標)87-9301、DURO-TAK(註冊商標)87-4098等DURO-TAK系列(Henkel公司製造);GELVA(註冊商標)GMS 788、GELVA(註冊商標)GMS 3083、GELVA(註冊商標)GMS 3253等GELVA系列(Henkel公司製造);MAS811(商品名)、MAS683(商品名)等MAS系列(Cosmedy Pharma股份有限公司製造);EUDRAGIT(註冊商標)系列(Evonik公司製造)、Nikasol(註冊商標,日本電石工業股份有限公司製造)、Ultra Sole(註冊商標,Aica Kogyo股份有限公司製造)。
丙烯酸系黏著基劑之含量以黏著劑層之總質量為基準,可為10~90質量%,亦可為15~85質量%。
聚矽氧系黏著基劑為具有有機聚矽氧烷骨架之化合物。作為聚矽氧系黏著基劑,例如可列舉:二甲基聚矽氧烷、聚甲基乙烯基矽氧烷、聚甲基苯基矽氧烷。作為具體之聚矽氧系黏著基劑,例如可列舉:MD7-4502 Silicone Adhesive、MD7-4602 Silicone Adhesive等MD系列(道康寧公司製造);BIO-PSA(註冊商標)7-4301 Silicone Adhesive、BIO-PSA(註冊商標)7-4302 Silicone Adhesive、BIO-PSA(註冊商標)7-4201 Silicone Adhesive、BIO-PSA(註冊商標)7-4202 Silicone Adhesive、BIO-PSA(註冊商標)7-4101 Silicone Adhesive、BIO-PSA(註冊商標)7-4102 Silicone Adhesive、BIO-PSA(註冊商標)7-4601 Silicone Adhesive、BIO-PSA(註冊商標)7-4602 Silicone Adhesive、BIO-PSA(註冊商標)7-4501 Silicone Adhesive、BIO-PSA(註冊商標)7-4502 Silicone Adhesive、BIO-PSA(註冊商標)7-4401 Silicone Adhesive、BIO-PSA(註冊商標)7-4402 Silicone Adhesive等BIO-PSA系列(道康寧公司製造)、Dow Corning(註冊商標)7-9800A、Dow Corning(註冊商標)7-9800B、Dow Corning(註冊商標)7-9700A、Dow Corning(註冊商標)7-9700B。於黏著基劑為聚矽氧系黏著基劑時,相較於阿申那平自由鹼,使用馬來酸阿申那平時更難以抑制阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成。
聚矽氧系黏著基劑之含量以黏著劑層之總質量為基準,可為10~90質量%,亦可為15~85質量%。
黏著劑層及黏著劑組合物含有選自由硫代硫酸鹽、亞硫酸鹽及焦亞硫酸鹽所組成之群中之至少1種。
硫代硫酸鹽只要為硫代硫酸之金屬鹽,則並無特別限制。硫代硫酸鹽較佳為硫代硫酸之鹼金屬鹽,更佳為硫代硫酸鈉或硫代硫酸鉀。硫代硫酸鹽之含量以黏著劑層之總質量為基準,可為0.005~1質量%,較佳為0.01~0.8質量%或0.02~0.5質量%。若硫代硫酸鹽之含量為0.02質量%以上,則可進一步抑制阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成。
亞硫酸鹽只要為亞硫酸之金屬鹽,則並無特別限制。亞硫酸鹽較佳為亞硫酸之鹼金屬鹽,更佳為亞硫酸鈉、亞硫酸氫鈉、亞硫酸鉀或亞硫酸氫鉀。亞硫酸鹽之含量以黏著劑層之總質量為基準,可為0.005~1質量%,較佳為0.01~0.8質量%或0.02~0.5質量%。若亞硫酸鹽之含量為0.02質量%以上,則可進一步抑制阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成。
焦亞硫酸鹽只要為焦亞硫酸之金屬鹽,則並無特別限制。焦亞硫酸鹽較佳為焦亞硫酸之鹼金屬鹽,更佳為焦亞硫酸鈉或焦亞硫酸鉀。焦亞硫酸鹽之含量以黏著劑層之總質量為基準,可為0.005~1質量%,較佳為0.01~0.8質量%或0.02~0.5質量%。若焦亞硫酸鹽之含量為0.02質量%以上,則可進一步抑制阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成。
黏著劑層可進而任意地含有其他添加劑。作為其他添加劑,例如可列舉:黏著賦予樹脂、塑化劑、吸收促進劑、溶解劑、其他輔助穩定劑、填充劑、香料等。
黏著賦予樹脂為調整黏著劑層之黏著性之成分。作為黏著賦予樹脂,例如可列舉:脂環族飽和烴樹脂;松香、松香之甘油酯、氫化松香、氫化松香之甘油酯、松香之季戊四醇酯、馬來醯化松香等松香衍生物;萜烯系黏著賦予樹脂;石油系黏著賦予樹脂等。黏著賦予樹脂可單獨使用1種,亦可組合2種以上使用。於黏著劑層含有黏著賦予樹脂之情形時,黏著賦予樹脂之含量以整個黏著劑層之質量為基準,例如為2~65質量%、5~60質量%或10~55質量%。
作為塑化劑,例如可列舉:石蠟油(液態石蠟等)、角鯊烷、角鯊烯、植物油類(橄欖油、山茶油、蓖麻油、妥爾油、花生油、綠薄荷油、桉葉油、荷荷芭油、白樟油、葵花籽油、橙油等)、油脂類(鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯、鄰苯二甲酸二辛酯等)、及液狀橡膠(液狀聚丁烯、液狀異戊二烯橡膠等)。較佳之塑化劑為液態石蠟或液狀聚丁烯。於黏著劑層含有塑化劑之情形時,塑化劑之含量相對於黏著劑層之總質量例如為3~50質量%、5~30質量%或7~20質量%。
吸收促進劑只要為先前已知具有經皮吸收促進作用之化合物即可。作為吸收促進劑,例如可列舉:有機酸及其鹽(例如,碳原子數6~20之脂肪族羧酸(以下亦稱為「脂肪酸」)及其鹽,肉桂酸及其鹽)、有機酸酯(例如,脂肪酸酯、肉桂酸酯)、有機醯胺(例如脂肪醯胺)、脂肪醇、多元醇、醚(例如,脂肪醚、聚氧乙烯烷基醚)等。該等吸收促進劑可具有不飽和鍵,亦可為環狀、直鏈狀或支鏈狀之化學結構。又,吸收促進劑可為單萜系化合物、倍半萜系化合物、及植物油(例如橄欖油)。該等吸收促進劑可單獨使用1種,亦可組合2種以上使用。
作為上述有機酸,可列舉:脂肪族(單、二或三)羧酸(例如,乙酸、丙酸、檸檬酸(包含檸檬酸酐)、異丁酸、己酸、辛酸、脂肪酸、乳酸、馬來酸、丙酮酸、草酸、琥珀酸、酒石酸等)、芳香族羧酸(例如,苯二甲酸、水楊酸、苯甲酸、乙醯水楊酸等)、肉桂酸、烷磺酸(例如,甲磺酸、乙磺酸、丙磺酸、丁磺酸)、烷磺酸衍生物(例如,聚氧乙烯烷基醚磺酸、N-2-羥基乙基哌𠯤-N'-2-乙磺酸)、膽酸衍生物(例如,去氫膽酸等)。該等有機酸可為鈉鹽等鹼金屬鹽。其中,較佳為脂肪族羧酸、芳香族羧酸或其等之鹽,尤佳為乙酸、乙酸鈉或檸檬酸。作為脂肪酸,例如可列舉:月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕櫚酸、硬脂酸、異硬脂酸、油酸、亞麻油酸、次亞麻油酸。
作為有機酸酯,例如可列舉:乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯、乳酸鯨蠟酯、乳酸月桂酯、水楊酸甲酯、乙二醇水楊酸酯、肉桂酸甲酯、脂肪酸酯。作為脂肪酸酯,例如可列舉:月桂酸甲酯、月桂酸己酯、肉豆蔻酸異丙酯、肉豆蔻酸肉豆蔻酯、肉豆蔻酸辛基十二烷基酯、棕櫚酸異丙酯、棕櫚酸鯨蠟酯。脂肪酸酯可為甘油脂肪酸酯、丙二醇脂肪酸酯、山梨醇酐脂肪酸酯、聚乙二醇山梨醇酐脂肪酸酯、聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、或聚氧乙烯氫化蓖麻油。作為脂肪酸酯之具體例,可列舉:甘油單辛酸酯、甘油單癸酸酯、甘油單月桂酸酯、甘油單油酸酯、山梨醇酐單月桂酸酯、蔗糖單月桂酸酯、Polysorbate20(商品名)、丙二醇單月桂酸酯、聚乙二醇單月桂酸酯、聚乙二醇單硬脂酸酯、Span20、Span40、Span60、Span80、Span120(商品名)、Tween20、Tween21、Tween40、Tween60、Tween80(商品名)、NIKKOL HCO-60(商品名)。
作為有機醯胺,例如可列舉:脂肪醯胺(例如二乙醇胺月桂酸)、六氫-1-十二烷基-2H-氮呯-2-酮(亦稱為Azone)及其衍生物、吡咯硫代癸烷。
脂肪醇意指碳原子數6~20之脂肪族醇。作為脂肪醇,例如可列舉:月桂醇、肉豆蔻醇、油醇、異硬脂醇、鯨蠟醇。作為多元醇,例如可列舉丙二醇。
脂肪醚意指具有碳原子數6~20之脂肪族基(例如,烷基、烯基)之醚。作為聚氧乙烯烷基醚,例如可列舉聚氧乙烯月桂醚。
作為單萜系化合物,例如可列舉:香葉草醇、瑞香草酚、丁香油酚、松油醇、l-薄荷腦、龍腦、d-檸檬烯、異丁香油酚、異龍腦、橙花醇、dl-樟腦。單萜系化合物亦可使用薄荷油。
作為吸收促進劑,更佳為脂肪酸(尤其是油酸)、棕櫚酸異丙酯、油醇、月桂醇、異硬脂醇、二乙醇胺月桂酸、甘油單辛酸酯、甘油單癸酸酯、甘油單油酸酯、山梨醇酐單月桂酸酯、丙二醇單月桂酸酯、聚氧乙烯月桂醚或吡咯硫代癸烷。
於黏著劑層含有吸收促進劑之情形時,吸收促進劑之含量以整個黏著劑層之質量為基準,較佳為2~40質量%。若吸收促進劑之含量為2質量%以上,則有阿申那平之皮膚透過性進一步提高,表現出充分之藥理作用的傾向。又,若吸收促進劑之含量為40質量%以下,則有未表現出皮膚刺激性之傾向。
溶解劑為使阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽容易溶解於黏著劑組合物中之成分。作為溶解劑,例如可列舉:脂肪酸(例如,癸酸、油酸、亞麻油酸)、脂肪酸烷基酯(例如,肉豆蔻酸異丙酯、棕櫚酸異丙酯)、脂肪酸多元醇酯(例如,單月桂酸丙二醇酯、單月桂酸甘油酯、單油酸甘油酯、山梨醇酐單月桂酸酯)、脂肪醯胺(例如,二乙醇胺月桂酸)、脂肪族醇(例如,辛基十二烷醇、異硬脂醇、油醇)、多元醇(例如,丙二醇、二丙二醇、聚乙二醇)、吡咯啶酮衍生物(例如,N-甲基-2-吡咯啶酮)、有機酸或其鹽(例如,乙酸、乳酸、乙酸鈉、乳酸鈉)。於黏著劑層含有溶解劑之情形時,溶解劑之含量以整個黏著劑層之質量為基準,較佳為2~40質量%。
其他輔助穩定劑只要可抑制自由基之生成及其連鎖反應之進行即可,該自由基之生成及其連鎖反應之進行係因紫外線等光線、熱或活性化學物種之作用而產生。藉由任意地含有穩定劑,可使製造貼附劑時阿申那平之穩定性進一步提高。作為穩定劑,例如可列舉:維生素E及其酯衍生物、抗壞血酸及其酯衍生物、2,6-二丁基羥基甲苯(BHT)、2,6-二丁基羥基甲氧苯(BHA)、2-巰基苯并咪唑等。穩定劑可單獨使用1種,亦可組合2種以上使用。作為穩定劑,就作為貼附劑之物性(成形性、外觀等)變得適當、以及使阿申那平更穩定之方面而言,較佳為二丁基羥基甲苯。於黏著劑層含有穩定劑之情形時,穩定劑之含量以整個黏著劑層之質量為基準,較佳為0.1~3質量%,更佳為0.1~1質量%。若穩定劑之含量為0.1~3質量%,則有貼附劑中各成分之穩定性優異之傾向。本實施方式之黏著劑層可不含有維生素E、抗壞血酸棕櫚酸酯、或其等兩者。
作為填充劑,例如可列舉金屬化合物(氧化鋁、氫氧化鋁、氧化鋅、氧化鈦、碳酸鈣等)、陶瓷(滑石、黏土、高嶺土、二氧化矽、氫氧磷灰石、合成矽酸鋁、矽酸鋁鎂等)或有機化合物(纖維素粉末、硬脂酸鹽等)之粉末或包含其等之樹脂的短纖維。於黏著劑層含有填充劑之情形時,填充劑之含量以整個黏著劑層之質量為基準,較佳為0.1~20質量%。
貼附劑可進而具備剝離襯墊。剝離襯墊相對於黏著劑層,積層於與支持體為相反側之面。若具備剝離襯墊,則有可於保管時降低污物等附著於黏著劑層之傾向。剝離襯墊之與黏著劑層相接之面較佳為藉由聚矽氧或氟化聚烯烴等進行過離型處理。
剝離襯墊之素材並無特別限定,可使用業者通常所瞭解之襯墊。作為剝離襯墊,例如可列舉:聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯等聚酯;聚乙烯、聚丙烯等聚烯烴;聚氯乙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯、Nylon(商品名)、鋁等膜。剝離襯墊可為道林紙與聚烯烴之層壓薄膜。剝離襯墊之材質較佳為聚丙烯或聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯製膜。
貼附劑例如可藉由以下方法進行製造,但並不限定於此,可使用公知之方法。首先,以特定之比率將構成黏著劑層之各成分加以混合而獲得均勻之溶解物(黏著劑組合物)。其次,於能夠剝離之膜(剝離襯墊)上將黏著劑組合物以特定之厚度延展開而形成黏著劑層。進而,以黏著劑層夾於剝離襯墊與支持體之方式將支持體壓接於黏著劑層。最後,裁切成所需之形狀及尺寸,藉此可獲得貼附劑。於該情形時,離型襯墊係於應用貼附劑時被去除。貼附劑之形狀及尺寸例如可為短邊為3~14 cm且長邊為7~20 cm之矩形、或直徑為1~10 cm之圓形。
實施例
(貼附劑之製備)
於以下之例中,只要無特別記載,則以如下方式製備貼附劑。
混合表1~7所記載之黏著劑層之各成分,於經離型處理之PET(polyethylene terephthalate,聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯)膜(剝離襯墊)上延展開,形成厚度100 μm之黏著劑層(100 g/m2
)。其次,將支持體壓接於黏著劑層上之後,適當裁切成適當大小,獲得貼附劑。
(阿申那平-N-氧化物之含量之測定)
關於阿申那平-N-氧化物之含量,使用剛製造後之貼附劑、及製造後於60℃下保管2週或1個月後之貼附劑,並按照以下之順序進行測定。
首先,取出貼附劑之黏著劑層,浸漬於10 mL之四氫呋喃(高速液相層析法用等級)中來萃取有機物。其次,採集5 mL所獲得之萃取液,向其中添加稀釋用液(0.05%磷酸水溶液/甲醇=50/50(v/v))而使總量成為25 mL後,過濾不溶物。對濾液進行濃縮後,於以下分析條件下藉由高速液相層析法,獲得阿申那平及阿申那平-N-氧化物之波峰分離之層析圖。關於阿申那平-N-氧化物之含量,係在所獲得之層析圖中,用阿申那平-N-氧化物所對應之波峰之曲線下面積的值除以阿申那平所對應之波峰之曲線下面積的值而算出。即,下表所示之阿申那平-N-氧化物(亦僅稱為「N-氧化物」)之量為相對於阿申那平之量的相對值。再者,阿申那平-N-氧化物相對於阿申那平之相對保持時間(RRT)為0.24。
<分析條件>
管柱:CAPCELLPAKC18 MGII 5 μm(4.6 mmI.D×150 mm)
流動相:甲醇/磷酸緩衝液(pH值6.8)=70/30
測定波長:230 nm
流速:1.0 mL/min
試樣注入量:15 μL
管柱溫度:50℃
(阿申那平之含量之測定)
使用上述中所得之層析圖,用保管後之貼附劑所含有之阿申那平的曲線下面積之值除以剛製造後之貼附劑所含有的阿申那平之曲線下面積之值,而算出阿申那平之含量之變化量。即,下表所示之阿申那平之量為相對於剛製造後之貼附劑中之阿申那平之量的相對值。
[表1]
參考例1 | 參考例2 | 參考例3 | 參考例4 | 參考例5 | 參考例6 | |
馬來酸阿申那平 | 4.50 | 4.50 | 4.50 | 4.50 | 4.50 | 4.50 |
乙酸鈉 | 3.68 | 3.68 | 3.68 | 3.68 | 3.68 | 3.68 |
橡膠系黏著基劑 | 19.03 | 19.02 | 19.01 | 18.98 | 18.96 | 18.91 |
脂環族飽和烴樹脂 | 55.18 | 55.15 | 55.11 | 55.05 | 54.98 | 54.85 |
液態石蠟 | 7.61 | 7.60 | 7.60 | 7.59 | 7.58 | 7.56 |
BHT | - | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.50 |
棕櫚酸異丙酯 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
合計 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
N-氧化物(剛製造後) | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.15 | 0.16 |
N-氧化物(60℃,1個月) | 0.39 | 0.36 | 0.39 | 0.27 | 0.37 | 0.39 |
如表1所示,於製造含馬來酸阿申那平及橡膠系黏著基劑之貼附劑時,即便添加2,6-二丁基羥基甲苯(BHT)作為穩定劑,於剛製造後之時間點亦生成阿申那平-N-氧化物(參考例2)。即便增加BHT之含量,阿申那平-N-氧化物之量亦不會降低(參考例3~6)。再者,參考例1~6中之橡膠系黏著基劑為SIS(styrene-isoprene-styrene,苯乙烯-異戊二烯-苯乙烯)及聚異丁烯之混合物。
[表2]
比較例1 | 比較例2 | 比較例3 | 比較例4 | |
馬來酸阿申那平 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 |
乙酸鈉 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 |
SIS | 12.54 | 12.50 | 12.42 | 12.50 |
聚異丁烯 | 5.37 | 5.36 | 5.32 | 5.36 |
脂環族飽和烴樹脂 | 51.95 | 51.78 | 51.44 | 51.78 |
液態石蠟 | 7.17 | 7.14 | 7.10 | 7.14 |
BHT | 0.25 | 0.50 | 1.00 | - |
α-生育酚 | - | - | - | 0.50 |
棕櫚酸異丙酯 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
合計 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
N-氧化物(剛製造後) | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.04 |
N-氧化物(60℃,2週) | 0.29 | 0.33 | 0.31 | 0.72 |
阿申那平(60℃,2週) | 97.3 | - | - | 94.5 |
如表2所示,即便是比較例1~3之貼附劑,亦會生成阿申那平-N-氧化物。關於比較例4之貼附劑,剛製造後之阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成量較少,但於60℃下保管2週後,阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成量明顯增加。
[表3]
實施例9 | 實施例1 | 實施例2 | 實施例3 | 實施例4 | |
馬來酸阿申那平 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 |
乙酸鈉 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 |
SIS | 12.58 | 12.58 | 12.57 | 12.57 | 12.56 |
聚異丁烯 | 5.39 | 5.39 | 5.39 | 5.39 | 5.38 |
脂環族飽和烴樹脂 | 52.115 | 52.10 | 52.08 | 52.04 | 52.01 |
液態石蠟 | 7.19 | 7.19 | 7.19 | 7.18 | 7.18 |
棕櫚酸異丙酯 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
焦亞硫酸鈉 | 0.005 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.15 |
合計 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
N-氧化物(剛製造後) | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
N-氧化物(60℃,2週) | 0.14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
阿申那平(60℃,2週) | 95.9 | 96. 1 | 96.6 | 97.3 | 96.4 |
[表4]
比較例1 | 實施例10 | 實施例5 | 實施例6 | 實施例7 | 實施例8 | |
馬來酸阿申那平 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 |
乙酸鈉 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 |
SIS | 12.54 | 12.539 | 12.54 | 12.52 | 12.52 | 12.46 |
聚異丁烯 | 5.37 | 5.374 | 5.37 | 5.37 | 5.36 | 5.34 |
脂環族飽和烴樹脂 | 51.95 | 51.947 | 51.94 | 51.88 | 51.84 | 51.61 |
液態石蠟 | 7.17 | 7.165 | 7.16 | 7.16 | 7.16 | 7.12 |
BHT | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
棕櫚酸異丙酯 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
焦亞硫酸鈉 | - | 0.005 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.50 |
合計 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
N-氧化物(剛製造後) | 0.10 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
N-氧化物(60℃,2週) | 0.29 | 0.17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
阿申那平(60℃,2週) | 97.3 | - | 96.2 | 96.7 | 100.3 | 97.8 |
如表3~4所示,若添加焦亞硫酸鹽代替BHT(實施例1~4),則於剛製造後之時間點,阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成明顯得到抑制,即便於60℃下保管2週後,亦不會生成阿申那平-N-氧化物。又,於實施例5~8(併用BHT與焦亞硫酸鹽)中,可獲得阿申那平之含量降低得到進一步抑制之傾向。
[表5]
實施例11 | 實施例12 | 實施例13 | 實施例14 | 實施例15 | 實施例16 | |
馬來酸阿申那平 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 700 | 700 | 7.00 | 7.00 |
乙酸鈉 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 |
SIS | 12.58 | 12.58 | 12.50 | 12.58 | 12.58 | 12.50 |
聚異丁烯 | 5.39 | 5.39 | 5.36 | 5.39 | 5.39 | 5.36 |
脂環族飽和烴樹脂 | 52.115 | 52.10 | 51.78 | 52.115 | 52.10 | 51.78 |
液態石蠟 | 7.19 | 7.19 | 7.14 | 7.19 | 7.19 | 7.14 |
棕櫚酸異丙酯 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
硫代硫酸鈉 | 0.005 | 0.02 | 0.50 | - | - | - |
亞硫酸氫鈉 | - | - | - | 0.005 | 0.02 | 0.50 |
合計 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
N-氧化物(剛製造後) | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
N-氧化物(60℃,2週) | 0.11 | 0.06 | 0 | 0.15 | 0.07 | 0.02 |
阿申那平(60℃,2週) | 96.5 | 94.2 | 96.8 | 96.4 | 96.7 | 95.7 |
如表5所示,即便於使用硫代硫酸鈉或亞硫酸氫鈉代替焦亞硫酸鈉之情形時,阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成亦得到抑制。
[表6]
實施例17 | 實施例18 | 實施例19 | |
阿申那平(自由鹼) | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 |
SIS | 13.84 | 13.83 | 13.76 |
聚異丁烯 | 5.93 | 5.93 | 5.89 |
脂環族飽和烴樹脂 | 57.315 | 57.31 | 56.99 |
液態石蠟 | 7.91 | 7.91 | 7.86 |
棕櫚酸異丙酯 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
焦亞硫酸鈉 | 0.005 | 0.02 | 0.50 |
合計 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
N-氧化物(剛製造後) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
N-氧化物(60℃,2週) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
阿申那平(60℃,2週) | 93.1 | 96.5 | 97.2 |
如表6所示,即便於使用阿申那平自由鹼代替馬來酸阿申那平之情形時,阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成亦得到抑制。
[表7]
比較例5 | 實施例20 | 實施例21 | 比較例6 | 實施例22 | 實施例23 | |
馬來酸阿申那平 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 |
乙酸鈉 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 | 5.72 |
DURO-TAK 87-4287 | 87.28 | 87.26 | 86.78 | - | - | - |
BIO-PSA 7-4202 | - | - | - | 87.28 | 87.26 | 86.78 |
焦亞硫酸鈉 | - | 0.02 | 0.50 | - | 0.02 | 0.50 |
合計 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
N-氧化物(剛製造後) | 0.62 | 0.41 | 0.28 | 0.81 | 0.6 | 0.13 |
N-氧化物(60℃,2週) | 4.19 | 3.54 | 1.08 | 3.95 | 3.29 | 2.02 |
阿申那平(60℃,2週) | 94.9 | 93.6 | 97.2 | 90.2 | 90.2 | 93.0 |
如表7所示,即便於使用丙烯酸系黏著基劑或聚矽氧系黏著基劑代替橡膠系黏著基劑之情形時,阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成亦得到抑制。
Claims (3)
- 一種貼附劑,其於支持體上具備黏著劑層,且上述黏著劑層含有阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽、由苯乙烯-異戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物及聚異丁烯構成之橡膠系黏著基劑、以及選自由硫代硫酸鹽、亞硫酸鹽及焦亞硫酸鹽所組成之群中之至少1種。
- 一種貼附劑之製造方法,其包括:於含有由苯乙烯-異戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物及聚異丁烯構成之橡膠系黏著基劑與阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽之組合物中添加選自由硫代硫酸鹽、亞硫酸鹽及焦亞硫酸鹽所組成之群中之至少1種而獲得黏著劑組合物;以及將上述黏著劑組合物於支持體上延展開。
- 一種抑制阿申那平-N-氧化物之生成之方法,其包括於含有由苯乙烯-異戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物及聚異丁烯構成之橡膠系黏著基劑與阿申那平或其藥學上可容許之鹽之組合物中添加選自由硫代硫酸鹽、亞硫酸鹽及焦亞硫酸鹽所組成之群中之至少1種。
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