TWI790483B - 護理組合物及其用途 - Google Patents
護理組合物及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI790483B TWI790483B TW109135028A TW109135028A TWI790483B TW I790483 B TWI790483 B TW I790483B TW 109135028 A TW109135028 A TW 109135028A TW 109135028 A TW109135028 A TW 109135028A TW I790483 B TWI790483 B TW I790483B
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Abstract
本發明係提供一種護理組合物及其用途。本發明護理組合物包括一地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉萃取物以及一離子溶液組成,其中該護理組合物中的鹽度為0.9%~4%,鈉含量低於0.3%(w/w),鎂含量為0.3~1%(w/w),鉀含量為0.02~0.2%(w/w)。
Description
本發明係有關於一種護理組合物,且特別有關於一種地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉萃取物,以及一離子溶液組成,用此護理組合物調控杯狀細胞的內的分泌囊泡數量的使用。
在健康的人中,鼻子、喉嚨和氣道黏膜組織(Mucosa)的腺體每天會產生約1至1.5公升的濃稠物質,稱之為黏液(Mucus)。黏液的主要目的是協助捕捉和消滅外界的有害細菌和病毒,防止其進入人體。黏液最終會進入消化系統被清除或通過分泌排出體外,此過程通常不被察覺,類似於呼吸或眨眼。但是,當病毒感染和被刺激物刺激時,這些病毒、微粒和微生物會增加黏液分泌,產生過多且更為黏稠的黏液。黏液的量增加、厚度變厚會引起刺激及不適感,常見症狀如因呼吸道分泌物增加而引發鼻後滴流綜合症(post nasal drip syndrome,PNDS)、上呼吸道咳嗽綜合症(upper airway cough syndrome,UACS);因眼角分泌物增加而影響視力;因陰道分泌物增加而引發異味、搔癢感。
黏液由黏膜組織產生,黏膜組織包括上皮細胞(Epithelial cells)、杯狀細胞(Goblet cells)和黏膜下腺體(Submucosal glands)。杯狀細胞位於黏膜組織上皮細胞間,其頂端表面通常伸入管腔,此位置讓它們有助於迅速應對
外界的侵襲及傷害,杯狀細胞可能比黏膜下腺體有更大的黏液分泌能力。因此,杯狀細胞為黏膜組織的主要防線。
黏液是一種能夠形成凝膠的生物液體。它是各種成分的混合物,包括水和各種細胞的分泌產物。人體黏液含有約95%的水和5%的固體;固體含量包括2~3%的蛋白質和醣蛋白,1%的脂質和1%的礦物質。黏蛋白,又稱為黏液醣蛋白或上皮醣蛋白,其為一種蛋白質及多醣聚合物,寡醣側鏈藉由N及O-link連接至胜肽核心。
黏液的過度分泌會造成人類和非人類動物的不適感甚至是引發相關疾病,常見氣管發炎性疾病,如哮喘(Asthma)、慢性阻塞性肺病(Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)、慢性支氣管炎(Chronic bronchitis)等慢性疾病、囊性纖維化(Cystic fibrosis)、肺炎(Pneumonia)、鼻炎(Rhinitis)等,且流感或普通感冒也皆會造成黏液分泌增加。
為了治療黏液過多所造成的不適,通常會使用抗組織胺(Anti-histamine)及噴霧類皮質類固醇(Corticosteroids)、交感神經興奮劑(Sympathomimetic drugs)等藥物。然而,抗組織胺可能會使黏液變稠,並使細菌性炎症惡化。特定的抗組織胺藥物可能會隨著時間的流逝而失去效力,需要更多或替代的抗組織胺藥來減少全身反應,且抗組織胺藥可能會產生副作用,例如頭痛、口乾、鼻子乾燥、高血壓、高血糖、白內障、骨質流失、賀爾蒙失調等。噴霧類皮質類固醇的副作用包括乾燥、燒灼、鼻腔刺痛、打噴嚏、頭痛和鼻血。交感神經興奮劑的副作用為產生依賴性、藥物性鼻炎等。所以,目前的藥物治療方式長期下來會對身體造成嚴重的負擔。
此外,現今研究認為杯狀細胞為黏膜組織的主要防線,因此,至
今多以杯狀細胞數量多寡,用以判斷鼻腔黏液分泌的狀況,但分析杯狀細胞的數量並不足以證明調控黏液分泌能能夠有效改善。
有鑑於此,為解決上述問題,業界亟需一種安全、有效的組合物來調控鼻腔環境,且不會對身體造成負擔。因此,本發明係提供一種護理組合物,用以調節杯狀細胞內的分泌囊泡數量,進而調控黏膜組織黏液分泌量。
本發明係提供一種護理組合物,包括一地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉萃取物,以及一離子溶液組成,其中含有鈉(sodium)、鎂(Magnesium)及鉀(Potassium)元素。
在本發明一實施例中,其中護理組合物的鹽度為0.9%~4%。
在本發明一實施例中,其中護理組合物的鈉含量低於0.3%(w/w)。
在本發明一實施例中,其中護理組合物的鎂含量高於0.25%(w/w)。
在本發明一實施例中,其中護理組合物的鎂含量為0.3~0.5%(w/w)。
在本發明一實施例中,其中護理組合物的鎂:鉀比為4~17:1(w/w)。
在本發明一實施例中,其中護理組合物的鉀含量為0.02~0.2%(w/w)。
在本發明一實施例中,更包括鐵(Iron)、銅(Copper)、鋅(Zinc)、碘(Iodine)、鉻(Chromium)及/或鉬(Molybdenum)元素。
在本發明一實施例中,其護理組合物為一液體。
本發明更提供一種使用本護理組合物於製備調控鼻腔杯狀細胞內的分泌囊泡數量的用途。
在本發明一實施例中,其中本護理組合物可調控杯狀細胞內的分泌囊泡的分泌量。
在本發明一實施例中,其中本護理組合物可分解組織胺(Histamine)。
在本發明一實施例中,其中本護理組合物可抑制白三烯類(Leukotrienes)、前列腺素(Prostaglandins)的生成。
在本發明一實施例中,其中本護理組合物更包括一免疫抑制劑、免疫調節劑或消炎藥。
圖1顯示以不同稀釋比例之護理組合物對β-氨基己糖苷酶(β-hexosaminidase)的影響。由圖1的結果可知,稀釋比例1/800、1/400、1/200、1/100的護理組合物可降低β-hexosaminidase的含量。
圖2顯示稀釋比例1/200、1/100的本護理組合物可降低腫瘤壞死因子α(Tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)的含量。
圖3顯示稀釋比例1/1600、1/800、1/400、1/200、1/100的本護理組合物可降低白血球介素-6(Interleukin-6,IL-6)的含量。
圖4顯示稀釋比例1/200、1/100的本護理組合物可增加細胞內ATP含量,使細胞趨向將小分子合成為大分子的合成作用。
圖5顯示試驗期間的小鼠體重。
圖6顯示以卵蛋白素(ovalbumin,OVA)誘發小鼠鼻炎過敏血清中IgE表現量顯著增加。
圖7顯示以OVA誘發小鼠鼻炎過敏血清中IL-6表現量顯著增加。
圖8顯示OVA誘發鼻炎過敏小鼠杯狀細胞中平均被染色的範圍較控制組降低約55%,在給予本護理組合物後,平均被染色的範圍僅降低13%,表示杯狀細胞中的分泌囊泡含量較誘發鼻炎組多,且趨近於控制組小鼠杯狀細胞中的分泌囊泡數量。
圖9顯示OVA誘發鼻炎小鼠的平均黏液層厚度較控制組增加約240%,而給予護理組合物後平均黏液層厚度僅增加8%。
本發明係提供一種護理組合物,係由一地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉萃取物,以及一離子溶液組成。
本發明在一實施例中,地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉在使用前,應清潔、檢測農藥、重金屬等,選擇符合政府法規的葉。熟悉此技藝之人士了解使用液相層析串聯質譜儀(Liquid chromatography-Mass spectrometry,LC/MS)、氣相層析串聯質譜儀(Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry,GC/MS)等儀器進行農藥、重金屬等檢測。
在一實施例中,本發明將地葉瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉置於70℃的烘箱中,烘乾至含水量剩餘5~7%。上述方法含水量為0~10%,例如,1%、2%、3%、4%、5%、6%、7%、8%、9%、10%,較佳為5~7%。
在一實施例中,本發明取乾燥地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉放入行星式球磨機中磨成粉末,其尺寸需介於1μm以下,使增加接觸面積,以提高
後續離子溶出速率。上述磨成粉末後尺寸範圍為0.1μm~5μm,較佳為0.1μm~1μm。
在一實施例中,本發明鎂離子含量大於0.25%(w/w),且鎂離子:鉀離子=4~17:1(w/w)
在本發明中,以上述方法所獲得之澄清液中的鉀離子濃度為50mg/L以上,較佳為60mg/L以上,例如,60mg/L、70mg/L、80mg/L、90mg/L、100mg/L、150mg/L以上,較佳為65~800mg/L之間。
將萃取地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉的澄清液以電透析後的等張離子溶液(即滲透壓與紅細胞張力相等的離子溶液)進行稀释。在一實施例中,離子溶液鹽度為0.9%(w/w),以重量比1:1混和。離子溶液中的鎂離子濃度為1100~1500mg/L,鈣離子濃度為280~390mg/L,鉀離子濃度為44~62mg/L,鈉離子濃度為2400~2600mg/L。
應注意的是,本護理組合物所使用的離子溶液具有特定比例的鎂、鈣、鉀及鈉離子濃度,使最後所獲得之護理組合物具有特定的鈉、鎂及鉀離子比例。本護理組合必須具有此特定的鈉、鎂及鉀離子比例或濃度,才可達成本護理組合物所述之功效。
本護理組合物的鹽度為0.1%~5%,較佳為0.5%~2%,最佳為0.9%~4%。本護理組合物的鈉離子濃度為低於3%(w/w),較佳為低於2%、1%、0.9%、0.8%、0.7%、0.6%、0.5%、0.4%、0.3%、0.2%(w/w),最佳為低於0.2%(w/w),例如,0.1%。然而,若鈉離子過高,會刺激免疫細胞產生促發炎物質,以及降低纖毛上皮細胞纖毛擺動率,使清除異物的能力下降,因此鈉離子濃度最佳低於0.3%(w/w)。
本護理組合物的鎂離子含量高於0.3%(w/w),較佳為0.3~1%(w/w),更佳為0.3~0.8%(w/w)。本護理組合物的鉀離子必須與鎂離子具有一特定重量比,當鉀離子為1時,鎂離子為約1~20,較佳為約4~17,例如,4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16或17等。
在一實施例中,本護理組合物的鉀離子含量為0.02~0.2%(w/w)。本之護理組合物中的鈉、鎂及鉀離子各扮演重要且不同角色,其濃度及比例尤其重要。
本護理組合物可抑制發炎物質的生成或有助於發炎物質分解。本護理組合物可抑制細胞發炎因子的表現,包括,但不限於,M-CSF、GM-CSF、TNF、IL-1、IL-2、IL-3、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-7、IL-8、IL-9、IL-10、IL-11、IL-12、IL-13、IL-14、IL-15、IFN、TNF-α、TNF-β、TNF0、TNF1、TNF2、G-CSF、Meg-CSF、NLRP及/或Caspase等。
本護理組合物也可降低過敏物質含量,包括白三烯類、前列腺素、組織胺、緩激肽(bradykinin)、血小板活化因子(platelet activating factors,PAFs)等。例如,本護理組合物中的鎂離子有助於分解組織胺,以及抑制白三烯類等發炎物質的合成,而本護理組合物中的鉀離子可抑制前列腺素的合成。
此外,本護理組合物可調控黏液分泌。本護理組合物可藉由調節杯狀細胞內的分泌囊泡的數量,進而調控黏液分泌量。本護理組合物亦可調控分泌囊泡的分泌量,以減少黏液的分泌。因此,本之護理組合物可減緩因黏液分泌量增加而引起之不適症狀。
本護理組合物另提供一種使用本發明用於製備治療調控鼻腔杯狀細胞內的分泌囊泡數量之醫藥組成物的用途。本技術領域人士
自可利用習知的方式將本護理組合物製備成使用於個體的組合物。
本發明中所述之個體包括人類和非人類。非人類個體包括伴侶動物,例如貓和狗等,以及牲畜,例如牛、馬、綿羊或豬等。
在需要治療的個體中,本護理組合物或藥物可減少及/或抑制由杯狀細胞中內的分泌細胞產生的黏液。可使用本領域已知的給藥方式給予至特定目標器官鼻腔的杯狀細胞內的分泌囊泡,以減少器官,較佳為鼻腔的黏液量。本技術領域人士自可知道如何進行局部給藥,且無需過度實驗即可將本護理組合物或藥物與其他已知的藥物傳送技術一起使用。
用於本護理組合物包括適合於吸入、局部(鼻腔)給予。本護理組合物或藥物可以透過習知的任何方法來製備。最適合的給予途徑取決於被治療組織的位置、疾病特性、嚴重程度以及所使用的特定活性成份等而定,這對於本領域技術人員來說是顯而易見的。本領域技術人士能夠使用本領域已知的劑量反應來確定特定化合物的適當劑量。
本護理組合物或藥物可透過任何適當的方式給予至受試者的呼吸道等部位,但是較佳是以吸入式顆粒組成的噴霧劑來給予,此可吸入式顆粒由本護理組合物活性成份構成,吸入式顆粒可為液體或固體,且可選擇性地包含其他治療成分合併。吸入式顆粒大小會依給予的部位不同而改變,例如在給予至鼻腔時,顆粒的粒徑較佳為10~500nm,將活性護理組合物與適合的媒介物(例如,無菌水、乙醇水溶液、等滲透液等)混合來製備液體組合物。可利用市售噴霧器,透過壓縮氣體(通常是空氣或氧氣)加速,溶液或懸浮液通過狹窄的微文氏管(micro venturi tube)或以超音波震盪轉化為噴霧。
在本發明中,本護理組合物可為唯一活性成分,或與其他藥物(例
如,免疫抑制劑、免疫調節劑、或消炎藥等)組合投予。在一實施例中,本護理組合物可與一免疫抑制劑、免疫調節劑、消炎藥、抗氧化劑或自噬作用促進劑合併使用。
黏膜組織分泌的黏液中,最重要的組成分為黏液素,黏液素被分泌前儲存於杯狀細胞中的囊泡裡,而這些囊泡則是透過Rab蛋白(Rab protein)及Rab effector兩種蛋白質被繫於接近杯狀細胞表面的位置。當黏膜組織接受到外界刺激,需要分泌黏液時,杯狀細胞表面的G蛋白(G protein)及PLC會產生DAG及IP3,DAG及IP3會啟動訊息傳遞鏈,將含有黏液素的分泌囊泡拉到杯狀細胞細表面,接著分泌囊泡會融合到杯狀細胞細胞膜上,釋放出黏液素。被釋放出的黏液素會吸收水分,膨脹後達到適當的黏性及彈性,進而成為黏液。若無法阻斷外界刺激,則無法阻斷訊息傳遞鏈,分泌囊泡將持續被拉到杯狀細胞膜表面,持續釋放黏液素,形成過多的黏液。
名詞定義
本發明中所述「OVA」為卵蛋白素(ovalbumin,OVA),以下均簡稱OVA。
實施例1:本發明護理組合物的製備方法
(A)烘乾:將地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉置於70℃的烘箱中,烘乾至含水量剩餘5~7%,去除水分,以降低有機物活性,防止有機物螯合金屬離子(一般製程不使用乾燥方式)。
(B)研磨:取乾燥地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉,放入行星式球磨機中,將地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉磨成粉末,其尺寸需介於
1μm~0.1μm,使增加接觸面積,以提高後續離子溶出速率。
(C)將液態二氧化碳利用高壓幫浦加壓至臨界壓力以上(高於72.9atm),並流經一熱交換器使高壓液態二氧化碳變成超臨界態,之後超臨界二氧化碳進入裝有地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉粉末之高壓槽內,將地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉粉末中的脂溶性成分萃出,並進行靜態萃取20分鐘以及動態萃取4分鐘,再降壓至1atm、升溫至室溫,使二氧化碳氣化後進入分離槽(將脂溶性成分留在此處)。透過分離槽內二氧化碳壓力改變,因而對脂溶性成分的溶解度不同,使得二氧化碳與其分離,之後二氧化碳可在經一冷卻器進行液化即可循環使用。
(D)溶出金屬離子:將離子溶液(鈉<3000mg/L、鉀<380mg/L、鎂>1100mg/L、鈣<400mg/L)進行電解後成等張離子溶液(有別於一般製程使用去離子水)放入燒杯中煮沸後,加入地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉粉末,並蓋上鋁箔紙,用磁石攪拌1小時,恆溫75℃,使地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉粉末中含的金屬離子溶出,達成鎂離子含量大於0.25%(w/w),且鎂離子:鉀離子=4~17:1(w/w)。
(E)沉澱:將加熱後的地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉溶液放涼後,通入足量CO2,與溶液中的鈉離子形成碳酸氫鈉,沉澱析出後,使濾液內鈉離子含量<0.3%(w/w)。
(F)過濾:將含碳酸氫鈉沉澱的地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉溶液倒入過濾杯(孔徑0.1μm),進行真空過濾,用來過濾溶
液中的地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉粉末、碳酸氫鈉與微生物,萃取後所得之濾液即為護理組合物。
實施例2:降低細胞發炎反應
將大鼠嗜鹼性球細胞RBL-2H3以5X104細胞數種於96孔細胞培養盤中。置於5% CO2、37℃細胞培養箱培養隔夜後,移除培養液,分別加入不同稀釋比例(1/1600、1/800、1/400、1/200與1/100)的護理組合物(以下簡稱AMDS)與對照物質(空白對照組、陽性對照組Quercetin),半小時後加入A23187(1μg/mL),作用1小時。取上清液以盤式酵素免疫分析(ELISA)儀偵測(β-hexosaminidase)含量。此外,將細胞培養液置換成0.5mg/mL MTT容液培養2小時。去除MTT溶液,加入150μL的DMSO在室溫中靜置10分鐘後,使formazan藍紫色結晶溶解,測定吸光值OD570,以分析細胞存活率。細胞存活率(%)=(試驗物質OD570吸光值/空白對照組OD570吸光值)X100%。
參照第1圖,稀釋比例為1/800、1/400、1/200、1/100的護理組合物會降低β-氨基己糖苷酶(β-hexosaminidase)含量,與對照組相比具有統計上的顯著差異,β-氨基己糖苷酶(β-hexosaminidase)含量越低表示試驗物質具有抗過敏之功效。細胞存活率則無明顯變化(表二)。由此結果可知,AMDS可抑
制β-氨基己糖苷酶(β-hexosaminidase)的生成,顯示AMDS具有抗過敏之功效。
實施例3:降低細胞發炎反應
將巨噬細胞RAW264.7細胞以2X104的細胞數種於96孔細胞培養盤中,置於5% CO2、37℃細胞培養箱培養隔夜後,去除細胞培養液,分別加入不同稀釋比例(1/1600、1/800、1/400、1/200與1/100)的AMDS與對照物質(空白對照組、陽性對照組Quercetin)。再加入刺激物LPS(Lipopolysaccharide,0.1μg/mL)培養24小時,收集細胞上清液進行TNF-α和IL-6之ELISA測試,檢測TNF-α和IL-6的含量。利用實施例2所述方式分析細胞存活率。
由結果可知,AMDS稀釋比例1/200、1/100會降低TNF-α含量(第2圖);稀釋比例1/1600、1/800、1/400、1/200、1/100會降低IL-6含量(第3圖),與對照組相比,具有統計上的顯著差異。細胞存活率則無明顯變化(表三)。
由此結果可知,AMDS可抑制TNF-α和IL-6含量生成,具有抗發炎功效。
實施例4:細胞活性試驗
將4X105的人類纖維母細胞Hs68細胞細胞數種於6孔細胞培養盤中,置於5% CO2、37℃細胞培養箱培養隔夜後,去除細胞培養液,分別加入不同稀釋比例(1/1600、1/800、1/400、1/200與1/100)的AMDS與對照物質(空白對照組為細胞培養液,陽性對照組為TGF-β細胞培養液)培養48小時。收集細胞進行ATP螢光試劑分析,檢測ATP的含量。
參照第4圖,AMDS稀釋濃度1/200、1/100的ATP含量分別為58.73±0.48μM、72.67±0.78μM。由此結果可知,AMDS可增加細胞內ATP含量,ATP主要是由細胞能量工廠粒線體製造,透過ATP含量分析可以間接得知細胞粒線體的狀態是否健康。當粒線體的狀態或活性不佳時,許多訊息傳遞路徑會受影響,其中即包括免疫及發炎反應。目前已有研究指出當粒線體功能低下或不正常時,會影響身體的免疫反應,導致免疫功能受損,人體更容易受到外界污染物或病菌的侵害。發炎反應的部分,由於ATP能促進合成作用,當ATP含量減少時,抗發炎物質的合成也會相對減少。在部分研究
中也指出,ATP本身也具有抗發炎的效果。細胞趨向將小分子合成為大分子的合成作用。
實施例5:動物試驗
使用40隻健康8週齡健康雌性BALB/c鼠,平均體重約23±2公克,飼養於SPF等級動物實驗室,環境溫度20~23℃,環境濕度40~60%,光週期一天12/12小時循環,並供予不含OVA之飼料,小鼠以自由攝食方式進食。
以OVA為過敏原輔以氫氧化鋁誘發小鼠慢性鼻炎,由第0天開始到第14天,每兩天一次以腹腔注射(intraperitoneal,IP)方式誘發過敏反應。並由第20天開始到第29天,每天一次以蒸汽吸入(inhalation,IH)方式給予氣化OVA吸劑致過敏及AMDS進行治療。每日監測老鼠生理變化,如體重、排泄量等,以及行為模式,如以覓食時間觀察嗅覺功能、揉鼻子、打噴嚏等動作,並於第30天犧牲小鼠。此外,小鼠於IP誘發前、最後一次IP誘發後第10小時及IH誘發前由尾靜脈採血(tail vein sampling)方式採其血清檢驗,犧牲時以心臟採血(cardiac puncture)進行血清檢驗。檢測IgE及IL-6含量。
將小鼠犧牲後,取其肺臟及呼吸道,以甲醇基底Carnoy固定法(methacarn)固定組織後包埋於組織蠟塊中切片,切片厚度為5mm。將切片組織脫蠟後以PAFS(periodic acid fluorescent Schiff stain,PAFS stain)染色法染色,PAFS染色法能檢測組織中的醣類,由於黏液素分子結構中含有大量醣基,因此於顯微鏡下觀察可以看到被染色的黏液。所以顯微鏡下可觀察到被染色的分泌囊泡。以ImageJ軟體進行分析、定量,結果以單顆細胞內被染色的範圍呈現,每隻小鼠隨機取三段組織分析,每段組織取10顆杯狀細胞分析其染色範圍,實驗數據為所有數據加總、平均及組內標準差呈現。
在試驗期間,所有小鼠的體重並無顯著變化(第5圖)。以OVA誘發小鼠鼻炎過敏的血清中IgE及IL-6表現量均顯著增加,表示有成功誘發小鼠過敏反應(第6、7圖)。
杯狀細胞內含有黏液的分泌囊泡,是分泌後為黏液層主成分之一。觀察杯狀細胞中的分泌囊泡數量可以間接推論黏液分泌量。若細胞中被染色的範圍減少,其原因為黏液分泌量增加,囊泡內物質分泌出去,因此細胞中的分泌囊泡量減少。第8圖顯示PAFS染色法染色後的結果,以ImageJ軟體進行黏液厚度定量分析。由第8圖結果顯示,OVA誘發鼻炎過敏小鼠杯狀細胞中平均被染色的範圍較控制組降低約55%,給予AMDS後,平均被染色的範圍僅降低13%,表示杯狀細胞中的分泌囊泡含量較誘發鼻炎組多,且趨近於控制組小鼠杯狀細胞中的分泌囊泡含量。
此外,藉由分析杯狀細胞中分泌囊泡含量來推論黏液分泌量。利用切片染色觀察實際黏液層厚度,以ImageJ軟體進行黏液厚度定量分析。第9圖顯示,OVA誘發鼻炎小鼠的平均黏液層厚度較控制組增加約240%,而給予AMDS後平均黏液層厚度僅增加8%。
根據上述結果顯示,假設總共有10顆杯狀細胞,每顆杯狀細胞裡的囊泡都只有一小個,總共黏液分泌量為10ul。若同樣的杯狀細胞數量,但每顆杯狀細胞裡有5個囊泡,總共黏液分泌量為50ul。由此可見,相同的杯狀細胞數量,但因為裡面含有的囊泡數量不同,黏液分泌量也不同,因此本發明護理組和物可調控杯狀細胞內的分泌囊泡數量,且可維持分泌囊泡在健康情況下可達到的分泌量。
因此,在相同的杯狀細胞數量,因分泌囊泡數量變少,導致黏液
分泌量減少。由此可見,並非調控杯狀細胞數量即能達到黏液分泌量的改善。
本實驗結果圖示中,*代表p<0.05,實驗組與控制組結果有顯著差異;§代表p<0.05,組別與疾病組結果有顯著差異。
Claims (7)
- 一種護理組合物用於製備調控鼻腔杯狀細胞內的分泌囊泡數量之醫藥組成物的用途,其特徵在於該組合物係由地瓜葉、豆薯和山藥葉的一萃取物以及一離子溶液所組成;其中離子溶液包含鎂、鉀、鈉離子,其中鎂離子含量為0.3~1%(w/w)、鈉離子含量低於0.3%(w/w)、鉀含量為0.02~0.2%(w/w),以及鹽度為0.9~4%(w/w)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途,可調控分泌囊泡的分泌量。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途,可分解組織胺。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途,可抑制白三烯類、前列腺素的生成。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途,其中該護理組合物可與免疫抑制劑、免疫調節劑或消炎藥合併使用。
- 一種護理組合物,其中該組合物係由地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉的一萃取物以及一離子溶液所組成,該護理組合物係由下述方法製得:(1)將地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉置於70℃的烘箱中,烘乾至含水量剩餘5~7%,防止有機物螯合金屬離子;(2)取乾燥地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉,放入行星式球磨機中,將地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉磨成粉末,其尺寸需介於1μm~0.1μm;(3)將液態二氧化碳利用高壓幫浦加壓至臨界壓力以上(高於72.9atm),並流經一熱交換器使高壓液態二氧化碳變成超臨界態,之後超臨界二氧化碳進入裝有地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉粉末之高壓槽內,將地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉粉末中的脂溶性成分萃出,並進行靜態萃取20分鐘以及動態萃取4分鐘,再降壓至1atm,升溫至室溫,使二氧化碳氣化後進入分離槽;(4)將離子溶液進行電解後成等張離子溶液,放入燒杯中煮沸後,加入地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉粉末,並蓋上鋁箔紙,用磁石攪拌1小時,恆溫75℃,使地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉粉末中含的金屬離子溶出,達成鎂離子含量>0.25%(w/w),且鎂離子:鉀離子=4~17:1(w/w);(5)將加熱後的地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉溶液放涼後,通入足量二氧化碳氣體(CO2),與溶液中的鈉離子形成碳酸氫鈉,沉澱析出後,使該離子濃度濾液內鈉離子含量<0.3%(w/w);以及(6)將含碳酸氫鈉沉澱的地瓜葉、豆薯及山藥葉溶液倒入過濾杯(孔徑0.1μm),進行真空過濾,過濾所得之濾液即為護理組合物,該護理組合物鎂離子含量為0.3~1%(w/w)、鈉離子含量低於0.3%(w/w)、鉀含量為0.02~0.2%(w/w),以及鹽度為0.9~4%(w/w)。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之護理組合物,其中更包括鐵、銅、鋅、碘、鉻及/或鉬離子。
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