TWI761126B - On-line workpiece size and geometric accuracy detection device - Google Patents

Abstract

On-line workpiece size and geometric accuracy detection device comprise a connecting element and sensor support on a support base, a measurement area formed in the sensor support. Two pairs of laser heads and light spot displacement sensors with a crisscross pattern sat on the sensor support. The connecting element connects to the support base has a floating mechanism outside the measurement area. A floating seat that elastically resets after deflection is provided in the middle of a floating mechanism. An extension rod is connected to one side of the floating seat, a spherical lens located in the measurement area combined with the extension rod, and a touch measurement element connected to the other side of the floating seat. When the present invention combines with the connecting element is installed in the power machine, the touch measurement element can slide along the surface of a workpiece or tool, and quickly measured the size of the workpiece or tool can be in a continuous and multi-point manner.

Description

On-line workpiece size and geometric accuracy detection device

The invention relates to an optical detection device, in particular to an on-line workpiece size and geometric accuracy detection device installed on a power machine for measurement.

With the development of industrial technology, the demand for the accuracy and speed of measuring workpieces is increasing day by day. The existing devices for measuring workpieces, for example, the main shaft of a multi-axis mechanical platform is equipped with a straight stylus and a ball (Probe-Ball) structure. The size of the workpiece is calculated by using the method that the ball of the straight stylus touches multiple positions on the surface of the workpiece, that is, stops the action respectively, and cooperates with the multi-axis mechanical platform to move the distance of the main shaft.

The aforementioned existing devices for measuring workpieces calculate the size of the workpiece by touching the surface of the workpiece with a straight stylus back and forth. When the precision of the size and outline of the workpiece is required to be higher, it is necessary to drive the direct measurement The more positions the needle sphere touches the surface of the workpiece back and forth, the action of touching back and forth for many times will cause the disadvantage of time-consuming measurement. In addition, the measurement points cannot be easily increased and dense enough to depict a curved surface. It is difficult to measure workpieces with complex surface shapes.

Since the existing device for measuring workpieces can only measure a single point back and forth at a time, it causes the disadvantages of time-consuming measurement and inability to measure workpieces with complex surface shapes. For this reason, the present invention uses a floating touch measuring element and an optical non-contact structure to sense the state of the touch measuring element touching the workpiece surface, so as to achieve high measurement efficiency and continuously measure samples on the workpiece surface. Effect.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned creative purpose, the present invention provides an online workpiece size and geometric accuracy detection device, comprising a base, a sensor group, and a support touch structure, wherein: the base is provided with a support seat, on the support seat One side is provided with a coupling element, and the other side in the opposite direction of the bracket seat is provided with a surrounding sensor bracket, the sensor bracket is surrounded to form a measurement area; the sensor group includes a first lightning rod a shooting head, a second laser head, a first light spot displacement sensor and a second light spot displacement sensor, the first laser head and the first light spot displacement sensor are combined in the sensor The bracket corresponds to opposite sides of the X-axis direction, the second laser head and the second light spot displacement sensor are combined on the opposite sides of the sensor bracket corresponding to the Y-axis direction, and the measurement area is located at the first laser head the vertical intersection of the connection line with the first light spot displacement sensor and the connection line between the second laser head and the second light spot displacement sensor; the support and touch structure is provided with a connecting element, and the connecting element is connected to the base In addition, a floating mechanism is arranged outside the measuring area and facing the measuring area. The middle of the floating mechanism is provided with a floating seat which is elastically reset after deflection, and a side of the floating seat facing the measuring area is connected with a floating seat. The extension rod is combined with a spherical lens, the spherical lens is located in the measuring area, and a touch measuring element is connected to the other side of the floating seat away from the measuring area.

Further, in the present invention, the floating mechanism is provided with a ring body, an accommodating space is formed inside the ring body, and a cover plate is closed on the side of the accommodating space facing the measurement area, and a cover plate is located in the middle of the cover plate. An inner through hole is formed at the position of the measuring area, the extension rod passes through the inner through hole, and a top plate is closed on the other side of the accommodating space away from the measuring area, and the inner through hole is matched with the middle of the top plate. An outer through hole is penetrated, the touch measuring element passes through the outer through hole, and the floating seat is located in the accommodating space.

Further, the floating mechanism of the present invention is provided with three pairs of top support elements on the inner surface of the top plate, and the three pairs of top support elements are each in a juxtaposed structure and are arranged around the outer through hole in a surrounding and equally spaced arrangement. The outer peripheral surface of the floating seat is surrounded with three ejector rods at equal intervals. There are three supporting spheres arranged in an arrangement, and the three supporting spheres form a head at the end of the extension rod facing the floating seat, and a conical surface is formed around the head, and the conical surface abuts against the A return spring is sleeved around the extension rod for the three supporting spheres. The return spring is in a compressed state and rests against the head and the cover at both ends, so that the floating seat is deflected under force. Can return to original position.

Further, in the present invention, the support base is a disc body, and the sensor support includes four carrier plates, which are vertical straight body and are respectively combined in pairs on the support base corresponding to the opposite direction of the X-axis. Two sides and opposite sides of the Y-axis direction, the measurement area is formed between the four carriers, the first laser head, the second laser head, the first light spot displacement sensor and the second The light spot displacement sensors are respectively combined with the free ends of the corresponding carriers.

Furthermore, in the present invention, a frame body is combined on the side of the ring body facing the measurement area, and a notch is formed around the frame body corresponding to the four carrier plates respectively, so that the free ends of the carrier plates extend into In each of the notches, two of the notches are located in the X-axis direction, and the other two are located in the Y-axis direction, and a laser penetration hole penetrates between the two notches in the X-axis direction and between the two notches in the Y-axis direction. A lens accommodating portion is pierced in the center of the frame corresponding to the intersection of the two laser passing holes, and the lens accommodating portion is communicated with the inner through hole, so that the spherical lens is located in the lens accommodating portion.

Preferably, in the present invention, the touch measuring element is a straight stylus and a sphere is provided at the free end, or the touch measuring element is a disc-shaped stylus and a disc is provided at the free end.

Preferably, the coupling element of the present invention is a circular straight rod body and is coupled to the center of the bracket seat.

When the present invention is used, the present invention is set on a power machine such as a multi-axis mechanical platform or a machine tool through the coupling element, and the touch measuring element touches the workpiece along the surface of the workpiece, or the tool touches the surface along the surface of the workpiece. The measurement is performed by touching the measuring element. When the contact with the measuring element occurs, the measuring element and the floating seat will be deflected, so that the position of the spherical lens also follows the position of the spherical lens. The floating seat moves due to the deflection of the floating seat. At this time, since the two laser beams do not pass through the center of the spherical lens, Therefore, the first and second light spot displacement sensors will detect the offset and offset of the laser light respectively, and all the coordinate data of the power machine during the capture process (the number of samples can be increased or decreased according to the needs), then Obtain measurement results of multiple consecutive samples; or further, calculate the correction amount required for each coordinate data through the offset of the laser light, and obtain finer measurement results through the correction.

Because the present invention does not need to move the touch measuring element back and forth when measuring the points around the workpiece or the tool, it can continuously take samples during the touching and sliding process between the touch measuring element and the workpiece or the tool, so that the It saves measurement time, and can be used to measure workpieces with complex surface shapes due to the large number of measurement sampling points.

10: Base

11: Bracket seat

12: Binding elements

13: Sensor bracket

131: carrier board

20: Sensor group

21: The first laser head

22: The second laser head

23: The first light spot displacement sensor

24: Second light spot displacement sensor

30: Support touch structure

31: Link Components

32: Floating mechanism

321: Ring Body

322: accommodating space

323: Cover

3231: Internal perforation

324: Top Plate

3241: External perforation

325: Top support element

33: Floating seat

331: Ejector

332: Groove

333: connecting rod

334: Support Sphere

34: Extension rod

341: Head

342: Conical Surface

35: Return spring

36: spherical lens

37: Touch the measuring element

371: Sphere

38: Frame

381: Notch

382: Laser Through Hole

383: Lens Housing

A: Measurement area

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is an exploded view of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1 according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the use and implementation of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention used and implemented.

6 is a cross-sectional view of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the use and implementation of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

In order to understand the technical features and practical effects of the present invention in detail, and to implement it according to the contents of the description, the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings are further described in detail as follows.

As shown in the first preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , the present invention provides an online workpiece size and geometric accuracy detection device, which is installed on the main shaft of a power machine during use, such as an X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis. The spindle of the machine tool is used to measure the workpiece on the machine tool platform. The size of the workpiece on the line is related to the number of The precision detection device includes a base 10, a sensor group 20 combined with the base 10, and a support touch structure 30 connected with the base 10, wherein: the base 10 is provided with a support seat 11, the support seat 11 is a disc body, and a coupling element 12 is arranged in the center of the bottom side of the bracket seat 11. The coupling element 12 is a circular straight rod body and is combined with the center of the bracket seat 11. There is a surrounding sensor bracket 13, the sensor bracket 13 includes four carrier plates 131 which are respectively combined in pairs on the top side of the bracket base 11 corresponding to the opposite sides of the X-axis direction and the opposite sides of the Y-axis direction, Each carrier plate 131 is a vertical straight body, and a measurement area A is formed around the four carrier plates 131 .

The sensor group 20 includes a first laser head 21 , a second laser head 22 , a first light spot displacement sensor 23 and a second light spot displacement sensor 24 . The first laser head 21 and the first light spot displacement sensor 23 are combined on the free ends of the two carrier boards 131 on opposite sides of the corresponding X-axis direction, and the second laser head 22 and the second light point displacement sensor 24 are combined on the corresponding Y-axis. The free ends of the other two carrier plates 131 on opposite sides of the direction, the first light spot displacement sensor 23 and the second light spot displacement sensor 24 can be selected from one-dimensional or two-dimensional photoelectric sensors, CCDs, respectively. Non-contact photoelectric sensors such as sensors and CMOS sensors, the first laser head 21 , the second laser head 22 , the first light spot displacement sensor 23 and the second light spot displacement sensor 24 The height of the measuring area A is the same as the height, and the measurement area A is located at the perpendicular to the connection line between the first laser head 21 and the first light spot displacement sensor 23 and the connection line between the second laser head 22 and the second light spot displacement sensor 24 staggered.

The supporting and touching structure 30 is provided with a connecting element 31 , the connecting element 31 is a round tube and is connected to the bracket seat 11 of the base 10 , the connecting element 31 surrounds the four carrier plates 131 and has a height higher than four The height of the carrier plate 131, a floating mechanism 32 is combined with the top edge of the connecting element 31, the floating mechanism 32 is located outside the measuring area A and is facing the measuring area A, the floating mechanism 32 is provided with a connecting The ring body 321 on the top edge of the element 31 is a circular ring body and forms an accommodating space 322 in the middle of the interior. A cover plate is closed on the side of the accommodating space 322 facing the measurement area A. 323, an inner through hole 3231 is formed in the middle of the cover plate 323 at the position of the measurement area A, and the accommodating space 322 is away from the measurement A top plate 324 is closed on the other side of the area A, and an outer through hole 3241 is pierced in the middle of the top plate 324 according to the position of the inner through hole 3231 . Each of the top supporting elements 325 is in the form of two juxtaposed spheres, and is arranged around the outer through hole 3241 in a surrounding and equally spaced arrangement.

In the accommodating space 322 in the middle of the floating mechanism 32, there is a floating seat 33 which is elastically reset after deflection. The floating seat 33 is a cylinder and cooperates with three pairs of supporting elements 325 to surround the outer peripheral surface and extend laterally at equal intervals. Three ejector rods 331 are provided, and each ejector rod 331 is a round rod body and is supported by each pair of upper support elements 325 in a point-contact manner. There is a circular groove 332, and three suspended connecting rods 333 are connected to the peripheral wall of the groove 332 in a surrounding and equally spaced arrangement. A support ball 334 is concentrically surrounding the axis of the floating seat 33 , the floating seat 33 is coaxial with the combining element 12 and the measuring area A is located on the connecting line between the two axes.

An extension rod 34 is connected to the side of the floating seat 33 facing the measurement area A. The extension rod 34 is a straight rod body and passes through the inner hole 3231 , and cooperates with three supporting balls 334 on the extension rod 34 toward the floating A head 341 is formed at one end of the seat 33 , and a conical surface 342 is formed around the head 341 . The conical surface 342 abuts against the three supporting balls 334 in a point-contact manner, and wraps around the extension rod 34 . A return spring 35 is provided. The return spring 35 is in a compressed state and abuts against the head 341 and the cover plate 323 at both ends, so that the floating seat 33 can recover again after being deflected or compressed. In situ, a spherical lens 36 is combined with the other end inside the extension rod 34 , the spherical lens 36 is located in the measurement area A, and the laser beams emitted by the first laser head 21 and the second laser head 22 pass through After passing through the center of the spherical lens 36, it is projected onto the first light spot displacement sensor 23 and the center of the first light spot displacement sensor 23, respectively.

A touch measuring element 37 is connected to the center of the other side of the floating seat 33 away from the measuring area. The touching measuring element 37 is coaxial with the floating seat 33 and the extension rod 34. In this preferred embodiment The touch measuring element 37 is a straight stylus and a sphere 371 is provided at the free end; the ring body 321 faces the One side of the measurement area A is combined with a frame body 38 . The frame body 38 is a disk body and a notch 381 is concavely formed around the positions corresponding to the four carrier plates 131 , so that the free ends of each carrier plate 131 are recessed. The two notches 381 are located on opposite sides of the X-axis direction, and the other two notches 381 are located on opposite sides of the Y-axis direction. A laser passing hole 382 penetrates between the two notches 381 respectively. A lens accommodating portion 383 is pierced through the center corresponding to the vertical intersection of the two laser passing holes 382 .

When the first preferred embodiment of the present invention is used, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the present invention is arranged on the main shaft 40 of the machine tool in such a way that the coupling element 12 is connected to the main shaft 40 , and the touch The impact measuring element 37 extends downward along the axial direction of the main shaft 40 along the Z-axis direction. A rotating platform 41 is provided below the main shaft 40 , and the workpiece 42 to be measured is set on the rotating platform 41 .

The sensor group 20 of the present invention is electrically connected to the single-chip module for signal processing, and is signal-connected to the controller of the machine tool. The spindle 40 of the machine tool drives the sphere 371 of the present invention to slide along the surface around the workpiece 42 . , before the sphere 371 touches the surface of the workpiece 42 , the laser light emitted by the first laser head 21 and the second laser head 22 passes through the center of the spherical lens 36 and then respectively projects onto the first laser head 21 and the second laser head 22 . A light spot displacement sensor 23 and the center of the second laser head 22 indicate that the touch measuring element 37 has not been in contact with the workpiece 42 .

When the ball 371 of the touch-measuring element 37 touches the surface of the workpiece 42 , the touch-measuring element 37 is deflected, so that the position of the spherical lens 36 also follows the deflection of the floating seat 33 . Swing and move, at this time, the two laser beams no longer pass through the center of the spherical lens 36, so that the first light spot displacement sensor 23 and the second light spot displacement sensor 24 detect the laser light shift and offset. In this way, when the main shaft 40 drives the present invention to slide the sphere 371 along the surface around the workpiece 42, the controller of the machine tool can grab all the coordinate data in the process that the sphere 371 touches the surface of the workpiece 42, and from the lightning light-emitting The offset calculates the distance that the sphere 371 is offset to each axis in the process. After summing up the coordinate data and the corresponding offset distance of the sphere 371, a plurality of measurement results of continuous sampling are obtained. It is not necessary to touch the surface of the workpiece 42 with the ball 371 of the measuring element 37 back and forth, so the measurement time can be saved, and the effect of measuring the size of the workpiece 42 in a continuous manner with high efficiency is achieved.

In addition to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is used for measuring workpieces, please refer to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. In the second preferred embodiment, the directions of use of the base 10 , the sensor group 20 and the supporting touch structure 30 are upside down from those in the first preferred embodiment, and the difference is only for measurement The tool, the touch measuring element 37 is changed to a disc-shaped stylus, a disc 372 is provided at the free end of the touch measuring element 37, and the inner end of the touching measuring element 37 is also connected to the floating seat 33.

When the second preferred embodiment of the present invention is used, please refer to FIG. 6 , the present invention is fixed in such a way that the coupling element 12 is vertically fixed on the rotating platform 41 , and a knife 43 is coupled to the tool through the knife handle The main shaft 40 of the machine. When the size of the tool 43 is measured, the tool 43 is driven by the spindle 40 to touch the surface around the disk 372 in a relatively circular manner. During the process, the controller of the machine tool captures all the coordinate data at the time of the touch. And calculate the offset distance of the disc 372 in each axial direction during the touch process from the offset of the laser light. After summing up each coordinate data and the offset distance of the corresponding sphere 371, a plurality of consecutive samples are obtained. measurement results. In the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, in addition to measuring the size around the tool 43 , the tool can also be measured by moving the tool 43 downward along the Z-axis until it touches the top surface of the disk 372 . 43 knife length and depth.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of rights claimed by the present invention. All other equivalent changes or modifications that do not depart from the spirit disclosed in the present invention shall be included in the present invention. within the scope of the patent application.

10: Base

30: Support touch structure

32: Floating mechanism

321: Ring Body

324: Top Plate

3241: External perforation

37: Touch the measuring element

371: Sphere

Claims (9)

An on-line workpiece size and geometric accuracy detection device, the structure of which includes: a base with a bracket seat, a coupling element is arranged on one side of the bracket seat, and a surrounding sensor is arranged on the other side of the bracket seat in the opposite direction. a sensor bracket, the sensor bracket surrounds and forms a measurement area; a sensor group includes a first laser head, a second laser head, a first light spot displacement sensor and a second A light spot displacement sensor, the first laser head and the first light spot displacement sensor are combined on the opposite sides of the sensor bracket corresponding to the X-axis direction, and the second laser head and the second light spot displacement sensing The sensor is combined on the opposite sides of the sensor bracket corresponding to the Y-axis direction, and the measurement area is located between the first laser head and the first light spot displacement sensor and the second laser head and the second light spot displacement The vertical intersection of the sensor connection lines; and a support touch structure, which is provided with a connecting element, the connecting element is connected to the base and is provided with a floating mechanism outside the measuring area and facing the measuring area, the The middle of the floating mechanism is provided with a floating seat which is elastically reset after deflection, an extension rod is connected to the side of the floating seat facing the measurement area, and a spherical lens is combined with the extension rod, and the spherical lens is located in the measurement area , and connect a touch measuring element on the other side of the floating seat away from the measuring area. The online workpiece size and geometric accuracy detection device according to claim 1, wherein the floating mechanism is provided with a ring body, and an accommodating space is formed inside the ring body, and a side of the accommodating space facing the measurement area is formed A cover plate is provided in a closed manner, an inner through hole is formed in the middle of the cover plate at the position of the measuring area, the extension rod passes through the inner through hole, and the other side of the accommodating space away from the measuring area is closed. A top plate is provided, an outer through hole is drilled in the middle of the top plate in cooperation with the inner through hole, the touch measuring element passes through the outer through hole, and the floating seat is located in the accommodating space. The online workpiece size and geometric accuracy detection device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the floating mechanism is provided with three pairs of top support elements on the inner surface of the top plate, and the three pairs of top support elements are each in a juxtaposed structure and are surrounded and equally spaced The arrangement is arranged around the outer through hole and around the outer peripheral surface of the floating seat And three ejector rods are arranged at equal intervals, and each ejector rod is supported by each pair of upper support elements in a point-contact manner, and three supports are arranged in a surrounding and equally spaced arrangement on the side of the floating seat facing the measurement area. A sphere, which cooperates with three supporting spheres to form a head at the end of the extension rod facing the floating seat, and forms a conical surface around the head, and the conical surface abuts against the three supporting spheres in a point-contact manner, A return spring is sleeved around the extension rod. The return spring is in a compressed state and abuts against the head and the cover at both ends, so that the floating seat can return to its original position after being deflected by force. The online workpiece size and geometric accuracy detection device according to claim 3, wherein the support base is a disc body, the sensor support includes four carrier plates, and the four carrier plates are vertical straight plate bodies and are respectively formed into The measuring area is formed between the four carriers, the first laser head, the second laser The head, the first light spot displacement sensor and the second light spot displacement sensor are respectively combined with the free ends of the corresponding carriers. The online workpiece size and geometric accuracy detection device according to claim 4, wherein a frame body is combined with a side of the ring body facing the measurement area, and the periphery of the frame body is concave corresponding to the four carrier plates to form a Notches, so that the free end of each carrier plate extends into each notch, two notches are located in the X-axis direction, and the other two notches are located in the Y-axis direction, between the two notches in the X-axis direction and in the Y-axis direction. A laser penetrating hole penetrates between the two notches, and a lens accommodating portion is pierced in the center of the frame corresponding to the intersection of the two laser penetrating holes. The lens accommodating portion is communicated with the inner through hole, so that the spherical A lens is located in the lens receiving portion. The online workpiece size and geometric accuracy detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the touch measuring element is a straight stylus and a sphere is provided at the free end. The online workpiece size and geometric accuracy detection device according to claim 6, wherein the coupling element is a circular straight rod body and is coupled to the center of the support seat. The online workpiece size and geometric accuracy detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the touch measuring element is a disc-shaped stylus and a disc is provided at the free end. The online workpiece size and geometric accuracy detection device according to claim 8, wherein the coupling element is a circular straight rod body and is coupled to the center of the support seat.

Images