TWI745408B - Polyamide multifilament and lace fabric and stockings using the same - Google Patents
Polyamide multifilament and lace fabric and stockings using the same Download PDFInfo
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- TWI745408B TWI745408B TW106124745A TW106124745A TWI745408B TW I745408 B TWI745408 B TW I745408B TW 106124745 A TW106124745 A TW 106124745A TW 106124745 A TW106124745 A TW 106124745A TW I745408 B TWI745408 B TW I745408B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41B—SHIRTS; UNDERWEAR; BABY LINEN; HANDKERCHIEFS
- A41B11/00—Hosiery; Panti-hose
- A41B11/14—Panti-hose; Body-stockings
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B21/10—Open-work fabrics
- D04B21/12—Open-work fabrics characterised by thread material
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/60—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/38—Threads in which fibres, filaments, or yarns are wound with other yarns or filaments, e.g. wrap yarns, i.e. strands of filaments or staple fibres are wrapped by a helically wound binder yarn
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B21/20—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting articles of particular configuration
- D04B21/207—Wearing apparel or garment blanks
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
- D10B2501/02—Underwear
- D10B2501/021—Hosiery; Panti-hose
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)
Abstract
本發明係一種聚醯胺複絲,其特徵在於:15%伸長時之拉伸強度為4.0~6.0cN/dtex,強伸度積為10.0以上,紗線不均(U%)為1.2以下。 The invention is a polyamide multifilament characterized in that the tensile strength at 15% elongation is 4.0-6.0 cN/dtex, the product of tenacity and elongation is 10.0 or more, and the yarn unevenness (U%) is 1.2 or less.
本發明提供一種可獲得柔軟性、耐久性、透明感優異之長襪,耐久性優異且花紋外觀美麗之蕾絲織物之高強力聚醯胺複絲。 The present invention provides a high-strength polyamide multifilament which can obtain stockings with excellent flexibility, durability and transparency, and lace fabric with excellent durability and beautiful pattern appearance.
Description
本發明係關於一種聚醯胺複絲。更詳細而言,係關於一種於將本發明之聚醯胺複絲用於長襪時可提供一種柔軟性、耐久性、透明感優異之長襪,於用於蕾絲料之底紗時可提供一種耐久性優異且花紋外觀美麗之蕾絲織物的聚醯胺複絲。 The present invention relates to a polyamide multifilament. In more detail, it relates to a stocking with excellent flexibility, durability, and transparency when the polyamide multifilament of the present invention is used in stockings, and when it is used in the bottom yarn of lace material A polyamide multifilament of lace fabric with excellent durability and beautiful pattern appearance.
作為合成纖維之聚醯胺纖維或聚酯纖維由於在機械、化學性質方面具有優異之特性,故而被廣泛地用於衣料用途或產業用途。尤其,聚醯胺纖維由於在其獨特之柔性、高強度、染色時之顯色性、耐熱性、吸濕性等方面具有優異之特性,故而被廣泛地用於長襪、內衣、運動服等一般衣料用途。 Polyamide fibers or polyester fibers, which are synthetic fibers, have excellent mechanical and chemical properties, so they are widely used for clothing or industrial applications. In particular, polyamide fibers are widely used in stockings, underwear, sportswear, etc. due to their unique flexibility, high strength, color development during dyeing, heat resistance, moisture absorption, etc. General clothing use.
作為蕾絲之消費者需求,為了使花紋外觀美麗,而期待耐久性與習知相當,且期待蕾絲底紗之透明感。作為長襪之消費者需求,為了使穿著感良好,且表現出素肌感,而期待耐久性與習知相當,且期待追求柔軟性、透明感。即,若替換為衣料用聚醯胺纖維,則強烈期待強力與習知相當之細纖度化。 As a consumer demand for lace, in order to make the pattern look beautiful, it is expected that the durability is equivalent to the conventional one, and the transparency of the lace base yarn is expected. As a consumer demand for stockings, in order to have a good wearing feeling and show a sense of plain texture, the durability is expected to be equivalent to the conventional one, and the pursuit of softness and transparency is expected. That is, if it is replaced with a polyamide fiber for clothing, it is strongly expected that the strength is equivalent to the conventional fineness.
為了解決該等問題,提出各種使聚醯胺纖維高強度化之技術。例如專利文獻1中,提出一種蕾絲織物,其包含伸度為51~64%、強度為4.2~6.5cN/dtex之高黏度型之尼龍6長絲。
In order to solve these problems, various technologies to increase the strength of polyamide fibers have been proposed. For example,
專利文獻2中,提出一種長襪,其包含伸度為40~
50%、強伸度積為9.1以上且9.8左右之聚醯胺長絲。
專利文獻3中,提出一種輪胎簾布、皮帶,其包含伸度為16~18%左右、強度為9.8cN/dtex以上且強伸度積為11.4~12.2cN/dtex左右之聚醯胺系纖維。
專利文獻1:日本專利特開2003-129331號公報 Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-129331
專利文獻2:國際公開第2016/76184號 Patent Document 2: International Publication No. 2016/76184
專利文獻3:日本專利特開昭63-159521號公報 Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-159521
然而,專利文獻1中所記載之方法雖然可獲得花紋外觀美麗之蕾絲,但纖維模數與強伸度積較低,無法滿足蕾絲織物之製品強度。
However, although the method described in
於將專利文獻2中所記載之方法擴展應用於適合於單股包芯彈性紗之被覆紗之纖度之情形時,纖維模數與強伸度積較低,無法滿足長襪之製品強度。
When the method described in
於將專利文獻3中所記載之方法擴展應用於衣料用途之情形時,纖維模數過高,蕾絲或長襪之製造步驟中之斷紗、起毛等高階通過性較差。
When the method described in
本發明係解決上述問題而成者,其課題在於提供一種具有高強伸度積、恰當之纖維模數之高強力聚醯胺複絲。更詳細而言,其課題在於利用具有高強伸度積、恰當之纖維模數之聚醯胺複 絲而提供一種蕾絲織物及長襪,該蕾絲織物之高階通過性與製品品質優異,可細纖度化,可維持耐久性,並且蕾絲底紗之透明感增加,花紋外觀美麗,該長襪具有優異之透明感與柔軟性。 The present invention is made by solving the above-mentioned problems, and its subject is to provide a high-strength polyamide multifilament with high strength and elongation product and appropriate fiber modulus. In more detail, the problem lies in the use of polyamide compound with high strength and elongation product and appropriate fiber modulus. Silk provides a lace fabric and stockings. The lace fabric has high-level passability and excellent product quality, can be made finer, can maintain durability, and the transparency of the lace base yarn is increased, and the pattern appearance is beautiful. The stockings have excellent Its transparency and softness.
為了解決上述問題,本發明採用以下構成。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention adopts the following configuration.
(1)一種聚醯胺複絲,其特徵在於:15%伸長時之拉伸強度為4.0~6.0cN/dtex,強伸度積為10.0以上,紗線不均(U%)為1.2以下。 (1) A polyamide multifilament characterized in that the tensile strength at 15% elongation is 4.0 to 6.0 cN/dtex, the product of tenacity and elongation is 10.0 or more, and the yarn unevenness (U%) is 1.2 or less.
(2)如上述(1)所記載之聚醯胺複絲,其特徵在於:單紗纖度為1.3~3.4dtex。 (2) The polyamide multifilament described in (1) above, characterized in that the single yarn fineness is 1.3 to 3.4 dtex.
(3)如上述(1)或(2)所記載之聚醯胺複絲,其特徵在於:伸度為30~50%。 (3) The polyamide multifilament as described in (1) or (2) above, characterized in that the elongation is 30-50%.
(4)如上述(1)至(3)中任一項所記載之聚醯胺複絲,其特徵在於:結晶量與剛性非晶量之和為70~90%。 (4) The polyamide multifilament described in any one of (1) to (3) above, characterized in that the sum of the amount of crystalline and the amount of rigid amorphous is 70 to 90%.
(5)一種蕾絲織物,其係將上述(1)至(4)中任一項所記載之聚醯胺複絲用於蕾絲底紗而成。 (5) A lace fabric obtained by using the polyamide multifilament described in any one of (1) to (4) above for a lace base yarn.
(6)一種長襪,其係將上述(1)至(4)中任一項所記載之聚醯胺複絲用作包芯被覆紗,並將該包芯紗用於一部分而成。 (6) A stocking which uses the polyamide multifilament described in any one of (1) to (4) above as a core-spun covering yarn, and uses the core-spun yarn as a part.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲係具有高強伸度積、恰當之纖維模數之高強力聚醯胺複絲。進而,本發明之聚醯胺複絲可獲得一種蕾絲織物及長襪,該蕾絲織物之高階通過性與製品品質優異,可細纖度化,可維持耐久性,並且蕾絲底紗之透明感增加,花紋外觀美麗,該長襪具有優異之透明感與柔軟性。 The polyamide multifilament of the present invention is a high-strength polyamide multifilament with high strength and elongation product and appropriate fiber modulus. Furthermore, the polyamide multifilament of the present invention can obtain a lace fabric and stockings. The lace fabric has high-end passability and excellent product quality, can be made finer, can maintain durability, and increase the transparency of the lace base yarn. The pattern is beautiful in appearance, and the stockings have excellent transparency and softness.
1‧‧‧紡絲嘴 1‧‧‧Spinning nozzle
2‧‧‧氣體噴出裝置 2‧‧‧Gas ejection device
3‧‧‧加熱筒 3‧‧‧Heating cylinder
4‧‧‧冷卻裝置 4‧‧‧Cooling device
5‧‧‧供油裝置 5‧‧‧Oil Supply Device
6‧‧‧流體交絡噴嘴裝置 6‧‧‧Fluid intersection nozzle device
7‧‧‧拉取輥 7‧‧‧Pull roll
8‧‧‧延伸輥 8‧‧‧Extension roller
9‧‧‧捲取裝置 9‧‧‧Take-up device
L‧‧‧多層加熱筒長度 L‧‧‧Multi-layer heating cylinder length
L1‧‧‧多層加熱筒之單層長度 L1‧‧‧Single layer length of multi-layer heating cylinder
LS‧‧‧冷卻開始距離 LS‧‧‧Cooling start distance
Lg‧‧‧供油位置 Lg‧‧‧Oil supply position
圖1表示可較佳地用於本發明之聚醯胺複絲之製造方法的製造裝置之一實施態樣。 Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a manufacturing apparatus which can be preferably used in the manufacturing method of polyamide multifilament of the present invention.
圖2係表示可較佳地用於本發明之聚醯胺複絲之製造方法之紡絲嘴及加熱筒的概略剖面模式圖。 Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional schematic view showing a spinning nozzle and a heating cylinder that can be preferably used in the method of producing polyamide multifilament yarn of the present invention.
以下,更加詳細地對本發明進行說明。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲之特徵在於:15%伸長時之拉伸強度為4.0~6.0cN/dtex,強伸度積為10.0以上,紗線不均(U%)為1.2以下。 The polyamide multifilament of the present invention is characterized in that the tensile strength at 15% elongation is 4.0-6.0 cN/dtex, the tensile product is 10.0 or more, and the yarn unevenness (U%) is 1.2 or less.
構成本發明之聚醯胺複絲之聚醯胺係包含所謂之烴基經由醯胺鍵與主鏈連結之高分子量體之樹脂,該聚醯胺之製紗性、機械特性優異,較佳為主要為聚己內醯胺(尼龍6)、聚己二醯己二胺(尼龍66),就難以凝膠化,製紗性良好之方面而言,進而較佳為聚己內醯胺(尼龍6)。前文中所謂之主要,於聚己內醯胺時,係指包含80莫耳%以上之構成聚己內醯胺之ε-己內醯胺作為構成單位;於聚己二醯己二胺時,係指包含80莫耳%以上之構成聚己二醯己二胺之六亞甲基二銨己二酸作為構成單位;進而較佳為包含90莫耳%以上。作為其他成分,並無特別限定,例如可列舉:構成聚月桂醯胺、聚己二醯己二胺、聚六亞甲基壬二醯胺、聚癸二醯己二胺、聚十二烷二醯己二胺、聚己二醯間苯二甲胺、聚對苯二甲醯己二胺、聚間苯二甲醯己二胺等之單體之胺基羧酸、二羧酸、二胺等 單位。 The polyamide constituting the polyamide multifilament of the present invention is a resin containing a high molecular weight body in which a so-called hydrocarbon group is connected to the main chain via an amide bond. The polyamide has excellent yarn-making properties and mechanical properties, and is preferably the main It is polycaprolactam (nylon 6), polyhexamethylene diamine (nylon 66), and it is more preferable in terms of difficult gelation and good yarn-making properties. ). The so-called main in the previous article, in the case of polycaprolactam, means that it contains more than 80 mol% of ε-caprolactam which constitutes polycaprolactam as the constituent unit; in the case of polyhexamethylene diamine, It means that hexamethylene diammonium adipic acid, which constitutes polyhexamethylene adipamide, is contained 80 mol% or more as a constituent unit; more preferably, it contains 90 mol% or more. The other components are not particularly limited, and examples include: constitutional polylauramide, polyhexamethylene hexamethylene diamine, polyhexamethylene nonanediamine, poly sebacic hexamethylene diamine, polydodecane diamine Amino carboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, diamines of monomers such as hexamethylene diamine, poly hexamethylene hexamethylene diamine, poly hexamethylene diamine, poly hexamethylene diamine, etc. Wait unit.
又,為了有效地表現本發明之效果,聚醯胺中較佳為不含以氧化鈦為代表之消光劑等各種添加劑,但亦可於不阻礙耐熱劑等效果之範圍內視需要含有添加劑。又,亦可使其含量為0.001~0.1wt%之間而視需要混合。 In addition, in order to effectively express the effects of the present invention, the polyamide preferably does not contain various additives such as a matting agent represented by titanium oxide, but may contain additives as needed within a range that does not hinder the effects of heat-resistant agents and the like. In addition, the content may be between 0.001 and 0.1 wt% and mixed as necessary.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲必須將15%強度、強伸度積、U%全部設為上述範圍。即,藉由進行細纖度化,雖然可獲得蕾絲底紗之透明感增加而花紋外觀美麗之蕾絲織物、或具有優異之透明感與柔軟性之長襪,但製品強度降低,耐久性成為無法經受實際使用之等級。為了使耐久性成為可經受實際使用之等級,必須提高強伸度積。又,為了維持高階通過性或製品品質,必須設為恰當之15%強度、U%。 In the polyamide multifilament of the present invention, all of the 15% strength, elongation product, and U% must be in the above-mentioned ranges. That is, by making finer fineness, although a lace fabric with increased transparency of the lace base yarn and beautiful pattern appearance or stockings with excellent transparency and flexibility can be obtained, the strength of the product is reduced and the durability becomes unbearable. Actual use level. In order to make the durability a level that can withstand actual use, it is necessary to increase the strength and elongation product. In addition, in order to maintain high-level passability or product quality, it is necessary to set the appropriate 15% strength and U%.
因此,本發明者等人進行潛心研究,發現:為了提供高階通過性與製品品質優異且耐久性優異且蕾絲底紗之透明感增加而花紋外觀美麗之蕾絲織物、或具有優異之透明感與柔軟性之長襪,必須將15%強度、強伸度積、及U%設為恰當之區域。 Therefore, the present inventors conducted painstaking research and found that: in order to provide high-end passability, excellent product quality, excellent durability, increased transparency of the lace base yarn, and beautiful pattern appearance lace fabric, or excellent transparency and softness For sex stockings, 15% strength, strength product, and U% must be set as appropriate areas.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲之強伸度積必須為10.0以上。藉由設為該範圍,而長襪或蕾絲之耐久性成為可經受實際使用之等級。於強伸度積未滿10.0之情形時,長襪或蕾絲之耐久性成為無法經受實際使用之等級,又,高階加工步驟中之斷紗增加而高階通過性變差。本發明之聚醯胺複絲之強伸度積進而較佳為10.3以上。又,雖然強伸度積越大越佳,但本發明中之其上限值為11.0左右。 The strength product of the polyamide multifilament of the present invention must be 10.0 or more. By setting it in this range, the durability of stockings or lace becomes a level that can withstand actual use. When the elongation product is less than 10.0, the durability of stockings or lace becomes a level that cannot withstand actual use. In addition, yarn breakage in high-level processing steps increases and high-level passability deteriorates. The strength product of the polyamide multifilament of the present invention is more preferably 10.3 or more. In addition, although the larger the tensile strength product is, the better, but the upper limit value in the present invention is about 11.0.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲之作為原紗物性之一指標之15%伸長時之拉伸強度(以下,將其稱作「15%強度」)必須為4.0~ 6.0cN/dtex。15%強度之測定係基於JIS L1013-2010-拉伸強度及伸長率進行測定,描繪拉伸強度-伸長率曲線,將15%伸長時之拉伸強度(cN)除以纖度所得之值設為15%強度。15%強度係簡易地表示纖維模數之值,若15%強度較高,則表示拉伸強度-伸長率曲線之斜率較高而纖維模數較高,另一方面,若15%強度較低,則表示拉伸強度-伸長率曲線之斜率較低而纖維模數較低。 The tensile strength at 15% elongation (hereinafter referred to as "15% strength") of the polyamide multifilament of the present invention, which is one of the physical properties of the raw yarn, must be 4.0~ 6.0cN/dtex. The 15% strength is measured based on JIS L1013-2010-tensile strength and elongation. The tensile strength-elongation curve is drawn, and the tensile strength (cN) at 15% elongation is divided by the fineness. 15% strength. 15% strength simply means the value of the fiber modulus. If the 15% strength is higher, it means that the slope of the tensile strength-elongation curve is higher and the fiber modulus is higher. On the other hand, if the 15% strength is lower , It means that the slope of the tensile strength-elongation curve is lower and the fiber modulus is lower.
藉由將本發明之聚醯胺複絲設為該範圍,而長襪或蕾絲織物之耐久性成為可經受實際使用之等級,柔軟性亦優異。於15%強度未滿4.0cN/dtex之情形時,強伸度積降低,長襪或蕾絲織物之耐久性成為無法經受實際使用之等級。若15%強度超過6.0cN/dtex,則伸度降低,長襪或蕾絲織物之質地變硬而柔軟性降低,又,高階加工步驟中之斷紗增加而高階通過性變差,製品品質降低。較佳為4.5~5.5cN/dtex。 By setting the polyamide multifilament of the present invention in this range, the durability of the stocking or lace fabric becomes a grade that can withstand actual use, and the flexibility is also excellent. When the 15% strength is less than 4.0cN/dtex, the elongation product decreases, and the durability of stockings or lace fabric becomes a level that cannot withstand actual use. If the 15% strength exceeds 6.0 cN/dtex, the elongation will decrease, the texture of stockings or lace fabrics will become harder and the softness will decrease. In addition, yarn breakage in the high-end processing steps will increase and the high-end passability will deteriorate, and the product quality will decrease. Preferably it is 4.5 to 5.5 cN/dtex.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲之伸度較佳為30~50%。藉由設為該範圍,而高階加工步驟中之斷紗減少而高階通過性製品品質變得良好。尤其是高速織編、織造時高階通過性優異。若伸度為30%以上,則長襪製造步驟(包芯紗製造步驟或長襪織編步驟)或蕾絲編織物製造步驟(整經步驟、織造步驟)等高階加工步驟中之斷紗較少而高階通過性良好。進而,長襪或蕾絲織物之質地柔軟而良好。若伸度為50%以下,則強伸度積充分,長襪或蕾絲織物之耐久性亦可經受實際使用,又,高階加工步驟中之斷紗較少而高階通過性、製品品質亦提高。進而較佳為35~45%。 The elongation of the polyamide multifilament of the present invention is preferably 30-50%. By setting it in this range, yarn breakage in high-end processing steps is reduced, and the quality of high-end passable products becomes better. Especially for high-speed weaving and weaving, the high-end passability is excellent. If the elongation is more than 30%, there will be fewer yarn breaks in high-end processing steps such as stocking manufacturing steps (core-spun yarn manufacturing step or stocking weaving step) or lace knitting manufacturing step (warping step, weaving step) The high-end passability is good. Furthermore, the texture of stockings or lace fabrics is soft and good. If the elongation is less than 50%, the strength and elongation product is sufficient, and the durability of stockings or lace fabrics can withstand practical use. In addition, there are fewer yarn breaks in high-end processing steps, and high-end passability and product quality are also improved. More preferably, it is 35 to 45%.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲之結晶量與剛性非晶量之和較佳為70~90%。結晶量與剛性非晶量係以如下方式算出之值。 The sum of the crystalline amount and the rigid amorphous amount of the polyamide multifilament of the present invention is preferably 70-90%. The amount of crystals and the amount of rigid amorphous are the values calculated as follows.
結晶量(Xc)係利用示差掃描熱量分析(DSC,Differential Scanning Calorimetry)法計算熔解熱量與冷結晶熱量之差(△Hm-△Hc),並藉由(1)式而算出。此處,△Hm0係結晶性聚醯胺之熔解熱量,其值為229.76J/g。 The amount of crystallization (Xc) is calculated by using the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry) method to calculate the difference between the heat of fusion and the heat of cold crystallization (ΔHm-ΔHc), and calculated by the formula (1). Here, ΔHm0 is the heat of fusion of crystalline polyamide, and its value is 229.76 J/g.
又,剛性非晶量(Xra)係藉由(2)式自結晶量(Xc)及可動非晶量(Xma)而算出。可動非晶量(Xma)係利用溫度調變示差掃描熱量分析法(TMDSC,Temperature Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry)自溫度-熱流速可逆曲線上之玻璃轉移前後之比熱變化(△Cp)而算出。此處之△Cp係使用於玻璃轉移前後之溫度-熱流可逆曲線外插切線而算出之玻璃轉移前後之比熱差距。可動非晶量(Xma)係藉由(3)式而算出。此處,△Cp0係非晶聚醯胺之Tg前後之比熱差,其值為0.4745J/g。 In addition, the rigid amorphous amount (Xra) is calculated from the formula (2) from the self-crystallized amount (Xc) and the movable amorphous amount (Xma). The movable amorphous content (Xma) is calculated from the specific heat change (△Cp) before and after the glass transition on the reversible curve of temperature-heat flow rate by using Temperature Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TMDSC) (Temperature Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry). The △Cp here is the difference in specific heat calculated by extrapolating the tangent to the temperature-heat flow reversible curve before and after the glass transfer. The movable amorphous amount (Xma) is calculated by the formula (3). Here, ΔCp0 is the difference in specific heat before and after Tg of the amorphous polyamide, and its value is 0.4745 J/g.
再者,剛性非晶量係由溫度調變DSC及DSC之2次測定之平均值而算出。 In addition, the rigid amorphous content is calculated from the average value of the temperature-modulated DSC and the 2 measurements of the DSC.
結晶量:Xc(%)=(△Hm-△Hc)/△Hm0×100...(1) Crystallization amount: Xc(%)=(△Hm-△Hc)/△Hm0×100...(1)
剛性非晶量:Xra(%)=100-(Xc+Xma)...(2) Amount of rigid amorphous: Xra(%)=100-(Xc+Xma)...(2)
可動非晶量:Xma(%)=△Cp/△Cp0×100...(3) Movable amorphous amount: Xma(%)=△Cp/△Cp0×100...(3)
此處言及之結晶量與剛性非晶量之和係簡易地表示聚醯胺聚合物之分子鏈之配向緩和之程度之值。若結晶量與剛性非晶量之和較高,則表示分子鏈之變形較少,為結晶性較高之纖維,若結晶量與剛性非晶量之和較低,則表示分子鏈之交聯較大,為結晶性較低之纖維。藉由將結晶量與剛性非晶量之和設為90%以下,而聚醯胺聚合物之分子鏈之變形量變得適度,可獲得結晶性不過高之聚醯胺纖維,長襪或蕾絲織物之質地或柔軟性優異。藉由將結晶 量與剛性非晶量之和設為70%以上,而可使聚醯胺聚合物之分子鏈適度變形,故而可獲得結晶性優異之聚醯胺纖維,長襪或蕾絲織物之耐久性優異。進而較佳為75~85%。 The sum of the amount of crystalline and the amount of rigid amorphous mentioned here simply represents the value of the degree of ease of alignment of the molecular chain of the polyamide polymer. If the sum of the amount of crystallization and the amount of rigid amorphous is higher, it means that the molecular chain is less deformed and it is a fiber with higher crystallinity. If the sum of the amount of crystalline and the amount of rigid amorphous is lower, it means that the molecular chain is cross-linked. The larger is the fiber with lower crystallinity. By setting the sum of the amount of crystalline and the amount of rigid amorphous to less than 90%, and the amount of deformation of the molecular chain of the polyamide polymer becomes moderate, polyamide fibers, stockings or lace fabrics with not too high crystallinity can be obtained The texture or softness is excellent. By crystallizing The sum of the amount and the rigid amorphous amount is set to 70% or more, and the molecular chain of the polyamide polymer can be deformed moderately, so that a polyamide fiber with excellent crystallinity can be obtained, and the durability of stockings or lace fabrics is excellent. More preferably, it is 75 to 85%.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲之U%必須為1.2以下。藉由設為該範圍,而製品品質變得優異。若U%超過1.2,則將蕾絲織物染色後,絲線較粗之部分染色較深,產生條紋等外觀變得不良而製品品質較差。於長襪用途之情形時,進而較佳為1.0以下,於蕾絲織物用途之情形時,進而較佳為1.0以下。又,雖然U%越小越佳,但本發明中之其下限值為0.4左右。 The U% of the polyamide multifilament of the present invention must be 1.2 or less. By setting it as this range, the product quality becomes excellent. If U% exceeds 1.2, after dyeing the lace fabric, the thicker thread will be dyed darker, resulting in bad appearance such as streaks and poor product quality. In the case of stockings, it is more preferably 1.0 or less, and in the case of lace fabrics, it is more preferably 1.0 or less. In addition, although U% is as small as possible, the lower limit in the present invention is about 0.4.
就衣料用途之方面而言,本發明之聚醯胺複絲之總纖度較佳為4.0~33.0dtex。於長襪用途之情形時,進而較佳為4.0~11.0dtex,於蕾絲用途之情形時,進而較佳為20.0~30.0dtex。 In terms of clothing applications, the total fineness of the polyamide multifilament of the present invention is preferably 4.0 to 33.0 dtex. In the case of stockings, it is more preferably 4.0 to 11.0 dtex, and in the case of lace, it is more preferably 20.0 to 30.0 dtex.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲之單紗纖度較佳為1.3~3.4dtex。藉由設為該範圍,而長襪或蕾絲之耐久性及柔軟性優異。進而較佳為1.6~3.2dtex。 The single yarn fineness of the polyamide multifilament of the present invention is preferably 1.3 to 3.4 dtex. By setting it as this range, the durability and flexibility of stockings or lace are excellent. More preferably, it is 1.6 to 3.2 dtex.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲之硫酸相對黏度較佳為2.5~4.0。進而較佳為3.2~3.8。藉由將硫酸相對黏度設為2.5~4.0,而長襪或蕾絲織物之耐久性成為可經受實際使用之等級。進而,製品品質變得良好。 The relative viscosity of sulfuric acid of the polyamide multifilament of the present invention is preferably 2.5 to 4.0. More preferably, it is 3.2 to 3.8. By setting the relative viscosity of sulfuric acid to 2.5~4.0, the durability of stockings or lace fabric becomes a grade that can withstand actual use. Furthermore, the product quality becomes good.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲之剖面形狀並無特別限定,例如可為圓剖面、扁平剖面、透鏡型剖面、三葉剖面、多球剖面、具有3~8個凸部與相同數量之凹部之異形剖面、中空剖面、其他公知之異形剖面。 The cross-sectional shape of the polyamide multifilament of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, it may be a circular cross-section, a flat cross-section, a lens-shaped cross-section, a three-lobe cross-section, a multi-spherical cross-section, and one having 3 to 8 convex portions and the same number of concave portions. Special-shaped section, hollow section, and other well-known special-shaped sections.
繼而,具體地說明本發明之高強力聚醯胺複絲之製造 方法之一例。圖1表示較佳地用於本發明之高強力聚醯胺複絲之製造方法的利用直接紡絲延伸法之製造裝置之一實施形態。 Then, specifically explain the production of the high-strength polyamide multifilament of the present invention An example of the method. Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a manufacturing apparatus using the direct spinning stretching method preferably used in the manufacturing method of the high-strength polyamide multifilament of the present invention.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲係將聚醯胺樹脂熔融,利用齒輪泵計量、輸送聚醯胺聚合物,自設置於紡絲嘴1之吐出孔最終擠出聚醯胺聚合物而形成各長絲。使以此方式自紡絲嘴1吐出之各長絲通過為了抑制圖1所示之紡絲嘴之經時污染而吹出蒸汽之氣體供給裝置2、為了進行徐冷而設置之於全周圍繞之多層之加熱筒3、冷卻裝置4,將絲線冷卻固化至室溫。其後,利用供油裝置5賦予油劑,並且使各長絲集束而形成複絲,利用流體交絡噴嘴裝置6進行交絡,通過拉取輥7、延伸輥8,此時按照拉取輥7與延伸輥8之周向速度之比進行延伸。進而,藉由延伸輥8之加熱對絲線進行熱處理,利用捲取裝置9進行捲取。
The polyamide multifilament of the present invention melts the polyamide resin, uses a gear pump to measure and transport the polyamide polymer, and finally extrudes the polyamide polymer from the discharge hole provided in the spinning
製造本發明之聚醯胺複絲時,聚醯胺樹脂之硫酸相對黏度較佳為2.5~4.0。藉由設為該範圍,可獲得強伸度積較高之高強力聚醯胺複絲。 When manufacturing the polyamide multifilament of the present invention, the relative viscosity of the polyamide resin in sulfuric acid is preferably 2.5 to 4.0. By setting it in this range, a high-strength polyamide multifilament with a high elongation product can be obtained.
又,熔融溫度較佳為相對於聚醯胺之熔點高超過20℃且低於95℃。 In addition, the melting temperature is preferably higher than the melting point of polyamide by more than 20°C and lower than 95°C.
製造本發明之聚醯胺複絲時,必須於冷卻裝置4之上部以於全周圍繞各長絲之方式設置有加熱筒3。藉由將加熱筒設置於冷卻裝置4之上部,且將加熱筒內之環境溫度設為100~300℃之範圍內,可使自紡絲嘴1吐出之聚醯胺聚合物熱劣化較少,且配向緩和。藉由利用自嘴面至冷卻之徐冷之配向緩和,獲得15%強度、強伸度積較高之複絲。於未設置加熱筒之情形時,利用自嘴面至冷卻之徐冷之配向緩和不足,故而有難以獲得15%強度、強伸度積均
滿足要求之纖維之傾向。
When manufacturing the polyamide multifilament of the present invention, it is necessary to install a
製造本發明之高強力聚醯胺複絲時,加熱筒必須為多層。於專利文獻3中,為了進行徐冷,提出有將嘴正下方之環境溫度保持為250~450℃之加熱筒,雖然於產業用之粗纖度區域中較為有效,但於如本發明之聚醯胺複絲般之衣料用之細纖度區域中,由於加熱筒內之溫度分佈固定,故而容易變成熱對流混亂之狀態,從而影響各長絲之固化狀態,成為使U%變差之重要原因。因此,藉由將加熱筒設為多層而自上層至下層階段性地降低溫度設定,而刻意地形成自上層向下層之熱對流,設為與紗之伴隨流方向相同之下降氣流,藉此抑制加熱筒內之熱對流之混亂,紗晃動亦較小,可獲得U%較小之複絲。
When manufacturing the high-strength polyamide multifilament of the present invention, the heating cylinder must be multilayered. In
多層加熱筒長度L亦取決於長絲之纖度,但較佳為40~100mm。又,多層加熱筒較佳為包含2層以上,多層加熱筒之單層長度L1較佳為10~25mm之範圍。 The length L of the multilayer heating cylinder also depends on the fineness of the filament, but is preferably 40-100 mm. In addition, the multilayer heating cylinder preferably includes two or more layers, and the single layer length L1 of the multilayer heating cylinder is preferably in the range of 10-25 mm.
又,多層加熱筒內之環境溫度為100~300℃之範圍內,必須於各層間設置平緩之溫度梯度。例如,於將多層加熱筒長度L設為75mm,將單層長度L1設為25mm之情形時,必須將上層之環境溫度設為250~300℃,將中層之環境溫度設為200~250℃,將下層之環境溫度設為100~200℃。 In addition, the ambient temperature in the multilayer heating cylinder is within the range of 100~300℃, and a gentle temperature gradient must be set between each layer. For example, when the length L of the multilayer heating cylinder is set to 75mm and the length of the single layer L1 is set to 25mm, the ambient temperature of the upper layer must be set to 250~300℃, and the ambient temperature of the middle layer should be set to 200~250℃. Set the ambient temperature of the lower layer to 100~200℃.
藉由設為該構成,而將嘴至冷卻間之環境溫度分佈階段性地控制為100~300℃,從而獲得15%強度、強伸度積、U%良好之高強力聚醯胺複絲。 With this configuration, the ambient temperature distribution from the nozzle to the cooling chamber is controlled stepwise to 100 to 300°C, thereby obtaining a high-strength polyamide multifilament with good 15% strength, high elongation product, and U%.
製造本發明之聚醯胺複絲時,冷卻裝置4可於自固定方向吹出冷卻整流風A之冷卻裝置、或自外周側向中心側吹出冷卻
整流風A之環狀冷卻裝置、或自中心側向外周吹出冷卻整流風之環狀冷卻裝置等之任一方法中而製造。就抑制紗晃動或U%之方面而言,紡絲嘴之下表面至冷卻裝置4之冷卻風吹出部之上端部的鉛直方向距離LS(以下稱作冷卻開始距離)較佳為落於159~219mm之範圍,更佳為169~189mm。關於自冷卻風吹出面吹出之冷卻風速,就U%及強伸度積之方面而言,較佳為以該冷卻吹出部上端面至下端面之區間之平均計落於20.0~40.0(m/分鐘)之範圍。
When manufacturing the polyamide multifilament of the present invention, the
製造本發明之聚醯胺複絲時,供油裝置5之位置即圖1中之自紡絲嘴下表面至供油裝置5之供油噴嘴位置的鉛直方向距離Lg(以下稱作供油位置)亦取決於單紗纖度及來自冷卻裝置之長絲之冷卻效率,但較佳為800~1500(mm),更佳為1000~1300(mm)。於為800(mm)以上之情形時,長絲溫度於賦予油劑時降低至適當之程度,於為1500(mm)以下之情形時,因下降氣流所引起之紗晃動亦較小,可獲得U%較低之複絲。又,於為1500(mm)以下之情形時,固化點至供油位置之距離縮短,藉此,伴隨流減少,紡絲張力降低,藉此,紡絲配向得到抑制,延伸性(accompanied flow)優異,故而可獲得強伸度積、15%強度較高之高強力複絲。於為800(mm)以上之情形時,自頭至供油導件之紗屈曲變得恰當,難以受到導件處之摩擦所產生之影響,強伸度積、15%強度之降低減少。
When manufacturing the polyamide multifilament of the present invention, the position of the
製造本發明之聚醯胺複絲時,關於紡絲速度,較佳為將拉取輥7設為低速度之區域之1000~2000m/min,可抑制牽引延伸不均而使絲線冷卻均勻化,可將U%抑制得較低而為1.2以下。又,於為2000m/min以下之情形時,紡絲配向得到抑制,並且會促進加熱筒之徐冷效果,藉此,分子鏈之變形緩和增大,可獲得15%
強度、強伸度積較高之高強力複絲。
When manufacturing the polyamide multifilament of the present invention, the spinning speed is preferably 1000~2000m/min in the low-speed area of the take-
又,將延伸輥8作為加熱輥而實施熱處理,其熱固化長度較佳為500~1200mm,熱處理溫度較佳為120~180℃。其原因在於:藉由實施適度之熱處理,可設計複絲之熱收縮。藉由將熱固化長度設為500mm以上,而纖維之結晶化變得充分,故而15%強度增大,成為耐久性優異之製品。藉由將熱固化長度設為1200mm以下,而纖維之結晶化不會過度進行,可獲得15%強度成為恰當之範圍,並且製品之質地柔軟,且高階加工步驟中之步驟通過性優異之高強力聚醯胺複絲。 In addition, the stretching roller 8 is used as a heating roller to perform heat treatment, and the heat curing length is preferably 500 to 1200 mm, and the heat treatment temperature is preferably 120 to 180°C. The reason is that the heat shrinkage of the multifilament can be designed by implementing a moderate heat treatment. By setting the thermosetting length to 500mm or more, the crystallization of the fiber becomes sufficient, so the 15% strength increases, and it becomes a product with excellent durability. By setting the thermal curing length to 1200mm or less, the crystallization of the fiber will not proceed excessively, and the 15% strength can be obtained within the appropriate range, and the texture of the product is soft, and the step through the high-end processing steps is excellent and high strength. Polyamide multifilament.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲可藉由如下方式而製造:將加熱筒設置於冷卻裝置4之上部,將加熱筒內之環境溫度設為100~300℃之範圍內,進而,將加熱筒設為多層型,藉此,於加熱筒內設置溫度梯度,刻意地形成與紗之伴隨流相同方向之下降氣流,使供油位置距嘴面800~1500mm,將紡絲速度設為1000~2000m/min,將延伸後之熱固化長度設為500~1200mm。
The polyamide multifilament of the present invention can be manufactured by setting the heating cylinder on the upper part of the
藉由採用此種直接紡絲延伸法中之條件,可獲得10.0cN/dtex以上之高強伸度積、4.0~6.0cN/dtex之15%強度、1.2以下之U%之高強力聚醯胺複絲。 By using the conditions in this direct spinning stretching method, a high-strength elongation product above 10.0cN/dtex, 15% strength of 4.0~6.0cN/dtex, and U% high-strength polyamide compound below 1.2 can be obtained. Silk.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲係直接以生絲之狀態作為底紗被供給至蕾絲編織機而利用通常之方法被織成蕾絲料。蕾絲料只要設為刺繡蕾絲、拉舍爾(Raschel)蕾絲、黎巴(Leavers)蕾絲等通常之編織組織即可。 The polyamide multifilament of the present invention is directly fed to a lace knitting machine in the state of raw silk as a base yarn, and is woven into a lace material by a normal method. The lace material may be a normal weaving structure such as embroidered lace, Raschel lace, and Leavers lace.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲被用作包芯紗之被覆紗。關於包芯紗,係被用於將聚胺基甲酸酯系彈性纖維、聚醯胺系彈性體彈性 纖維等彈性紗作為芯紗並纏繞單層被覆紗之單股包芯紗、纏繞雙層被覆紗之雙股包芯紗。 The polyamide multifilament yarn of the present invention is used as a covering yarn for a core-spun yarn. Regarding the core-spun yarn, it is used to make polyurethane elastic fiber and polyamide elastomer elastic Elastic yarns such as fibers are used as the core yarn and are wound with single-strand core-spun yarn of single-layer covered yarn, and double-strand core-spun yarn with double-layer covered yarn.
本發明之聚醯胺複絲被用於將上文所記載之包芯紗用於一部分而成之長襪。又,作為長襪之編織機,可使用通常之襪子編織機,並無限制,只要藉由如下通常之方法進行織成即可:使用2口或4口給紗之編織機,供給本發明之包芯紗而進行織成。 The polyamide multifilament yarn of the present invention is used for stockings made by using the core-spun yarn described above in a part. In addition, as a knitting machine for stockings, a normal sock knitting machine can be used without limitation, as long as the knitting is carried out by the following normal method: a knitting machine with 2 or 4 yarn feeding is used to supply the present invention The core-spun yarn is woven.
進而,關於織成後之染色或其後之後加工、最終定型條件,亦只要依照公知之方法進行即可,使用酸性染料、反應染料作為染料,或顏色等亦無限定。 Furthermore, the dyeing after weaving, the subsequent processing, and the final setting conditions may be performed in accordance with a known method, and acid dyes and reactive dyes are used as dyes, and colors, etc., are also not limited.
以下,藉由實施例更加詳細地說明本發明。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail through examples.
依照JIS L1013-2010-拉伸強度及伸長率對纖維試樣進行測定,描繪拉伸強度-伸長率曲線。作為試驗條件,試驗機之種類為定速伸長型,以夾頭間隔50cm、拉伸速度50cm/min之條件進行。再者,於斷裂時之拉伸強度小於最高強度之情形時,測定最高拉伸強度及彼時之伸長率。 The fiber samples were measured in accordance with JIS L1013-2010-Tensile strength and elongation, and the tensile strength-elongation curve was drawn. As the test conditions, the type of testing machine is a constant-speed elongation type, and it is carried out under the conditions of a chuck spacing of 50 cm and a stretching speed of 50 cm/min. Furthermore, when the tensile strength at break is less than the maximum strength, the maximum tensile strength and the elongation at that time are measured.
強度、強伸度積係藉由下述式求出。 The product of strength and elongation is obtained by the following formula.
伸度=斷裂時之伸長(%) Elongation = elongation at break (%)
強度=斷裂時之拉伸強度(cN)/纖度(dtex) Strength = tensile strength at break (cN)/fineness (dtex)
強伸度積={強度(cN/dtex)}×{伸度(%)+100}/100 Strength product={strength(cN/dtex)}×{extension(%)+100}/100
15%強度=15%伸長時之拉伸強度(cN)/纖度(dtex)。 15% strength = 15% tensile strength (cN)/fineness (dtex) at elongation.
將纖維試樣放置於1.125m/周之檢尺器,旋轉500周,製成線圈狀繞線軸,利用熱風乾燥機進行乾燥後(105±2℃×60分鐘),利用天平稱量繞線軸之質量,由乘以公定含水量所得之值算出纖度。再者,公定含水量係設為4.5%。 Place the fiber sample on a 1.125m/week ruler, rotate 500 times to make a coil-shaped bobbin, use a hot air dryer to dry (105±2℃×60 minutes), use a balance to weigh the bobbin For mass, calculate the fineness by multiplying the value obtained by multiplying by the public water content. In addition, the public water content is set to 4.5%.
將聚醯胺碎片試樣或纖維試樣0.25g以相對於濃度98質量%之硫酸100ml成為1g之方式溶解,使用奧士華型黏度計測定25℃下之流下時間(T1)。繼而,測定濃度98質量%之硫酸單獨之流下時間(T2)。將T1相對於T2之比即T1/T2設為硫酸相對黏度。 Dissolve 0.25 g of a polyamide chip sample or a fiber sample to 1 g relative to 100 ml of sulfuric acid with a concentration of 98% by mass, and measure the flow time (T1) at 25° C. using an Oswath type viscometer. Then, the downtime (T2) of the sulfuric acid alone with a concentration of 98% by mass was measured. Let the ratio of T1 to T2, that is, T1/T2, be the relative viscosity of sulfuric acid.
使用zellweger uster公司製造之USTER TESTER IV以試樣長度:500m、測定紗速度V:100m/min、Twister:S、30000/min、1/2 Inert測定纖維試樣。 The fiber sample was measured using USTER TESTER IV manufactured by Zellweger Uster Company with sample length: 500m, measuring yarn speed V: 100m/min, Twister: S, 30000/min, 1/2 Inert.
(Xc)係利用DSC法計算熔解熱量與冷結晶化熱量之差(△Hm-△Hc),藉由(1)式而算出。此處,△Hm0係結晶性聚醯胺之熔解熱量,其值為229.76J/g。 (Xc) is the difference between the heat of fusion and the heat of cold crystallization (ΔHm-ΔHc) calculated by the DSC method, and calculated by the formula (1). Here, ΔHm0 is the heat of fusion of crystalline polyamide, and its value is 229.76 J/g.
又,剛性非晶量(Xra)係藉由(2)式自結晶量化度(Xc)及可動非晶量(Xma)而算出。可動非晶量(Xma)係自利用溫度調變DSC法(TMDSC)之溫度-熱流可逆曲線上之玻璃轉移前後之比熱變 化(△Cp)而算出。此處之△Cp係使用於玻璃轉移前後之溫度-熱流可逆曲線外插切線而算出之玻璃轉移前後之比熱差距。可動非晶量(Xma)係藉由(3)式而算出。此處,△Cp0係非晶聚醯胺之Tg前後之比熱差,其值為0.4745J/g℃。 In addition, the rigid amorphous amount (Xra) is calculated by the formula (2) from the degree of crystallinity (Xc) and the movable amorphous amount (Xma). The movable amorphous quantity (Xma) is the specific heat change before and after the glass transfer on the temperature-heat flow reversible curve using the temperature-modulated DSC method (TMDSC) (△Cp) and calculated. The △Cp here is the difference in specific heat calculated by extrapolating the tangent to the temperature-heat flow reversible curve before and after the glass transfer. The movable amorphous amount (Xma) is calculated by the formula (3). Here, ΔCp0 is the difference in specific heat before and after Tg of the amorphous polyamide, and its value is 0.4745J/g°C.
再者,剛性非晶量係自溫度調變DSC及DSC之2次測定之平均值而算出。 In addition, the rigidity amorphous content is calculated from the average value of temperature-modulated DSC and 2 measurements of DSC.
結晶量:Xc(%)=(△Hm-△Hc)/△Hm0×100...(1) Crystallization amount: Xc(%)=(△Hm-△Hc)/△Hm0×100...(1)
剛性非晶量:Xra(%)=100-(Xc+Xma)...(2) Amount of rigid amorphous: Xra(%)=100-(Xc+Xma)...(2)
可動非晶量:Xma(%)=△Cp/△Cp0×100...(3)。 Movable amorphous quantity: Xma(%)=△Cp/△Cp0×100...(3).
又,關於普通DSC及溫度調變DSC之測定條件,以如下條件實施。 In addition, the measurement conditions of ordinary DSC and temperature-modulated DSC were implemented under the following conditions.
使用TA Instrument公司製造之Q1000,利用Universal Analysis 2000實施資料處理。測定係於氮氣流下(50mL/min)以溫度範圍0~300℃、升溫速度10℃/min、試樣重量約5mg(熱量資料係以測定後重量計而標準化)之條件實施測定。 Use Q1000 manufactured by TA Instrument Company, and use Universal Analysis 2000 for data processing. The measurement is performed under nitrogen flow (50mL/min) with a temperature range of 0~300°C, a heating rate of 10°C/min, and a sample weight of about 5mg (calorie data is standardized by the weight after the measurement).
上述DSC法之詳細內容記載於下述[文獻1]中。 The details of the above-mentioned DSC method are described in the following [Document 1].
Wunderlich B., Thermal Analysis of Polymeric Materials, Appendix1 (The ATHAS Data Bank), Springer (2005)。 Wunderlich B., Thermal Analysis of Polymeric Materials, Appendix 1 (The ATHAS Data Bank), Springer (2005).
使用TA Instrument公司製造之Q1000利用Universal Analysis 2000實施資料處理。測定係於氮氣流下(50mL/min)以溫度範圍0~200℃、升溫速度2℃/min、試樣重量約5mg(熱量資料係以測定後重量計而標準化)實施測定。 Use Q1000 manufactured by TA Instrument Company to implement data processing using Universal Analysis 2000. The measurement is performed under a nitrogen flow (50 mL/min) with a temperature range of 0 to 200°C, a heating rate of 2°C/min, and a sample weight of approximately 5 mg (the caloric data is standardized by the weight after the measurement).
該方法係一面以固定之週期及振幅反覆進行加熱與冷卻,一面平均地升溫而進行測定之方法,可將整體之DSC訊息(Total Heat Flow:全熱流)分離為玻璃轉移等可逆成分(Reversing Heat Flow,可逆熱流)與焓緩和、硬化反應、脫溶劑等不可逆成分(Nonreversing Heat Flow,不可逆熱流)。但結晶之熔解波峰於可逆成分與不可逆成分之任一者中均出現。 This method is a method in which heating and cooling are performed repeatedly with a fixed period and amplitude, and the temperature is evenly raised for measurement. The overall DSC message (Total Heat Flow) can be separated into reversing components such as glass transfer (Reversing Heat). Flow, reversible heat flow) and enthalpy relaxation, hardening reaction, desolventizing and other irreversible components (Nonreversing Heat Flow, irreversible heat flow). However, the melting peak of the crystal appears in either of the reversible component and the irreversible component.
上述溫度調變DSC法之詳細內容記載於上述[文獻1]中。 The details of the above-mentioned temperature-modulated DSC method are described in the above-mentioned [Document 1].
針對蕾絲製品,對質地評價經驗豐富之檢查者(5人)之柔軟性進行相對評價。其結果取各檢查者之評價分之平均值且小數點以後四捨五入,關於平均值,將5設為S,將4設為A,將3設為B,將1~2設為C。 For lace products, the softness of inspectors with rich experience in texture evaluation (5 people) was evaluated relatively. The result is the average of the evaluation points of each examiner and rounded off after the decimal point. Regarding the average value, 5 is S, 4 is A, 3 is B, and 1 to 2 are C.
5分:非常優異 5 points: very good
4分:略優 4 points: slightly better
3分:普通 3 points: normal
2分:稍差 2 points: slightly worse
1分:差。 1 point: poor.
將S、A設為柔軟性合格。 Set S and A to pass the flexibility.
破裂強度係依據利用JIS L1096-2010、馬倫型(Mullen Type)法(A法)之破裂強度試驗方法,測定任意3處之破裂強度,根據其平均值以如下標準分4個階段進行評價。 The rupture strength is based on the rupture strength test method using JIS L1096-2010 and Mullen Type method (A method). The rupture strength is measured at any three places, and the average value is evaluated in 4 stages according to the following standards.
S:130kPa以上 S: Above 130kPa
A:100kPa以上且未滿130kPa A: Above 100kPa and less than 130kPa
B:90kPa以上且未滿100kPa B: 90kPa or more and less than 100kPa
C:未滿90kPa。 C: Less than 90kPa.
將S、A設為耐久性合格。 Set S and A to pass durability.
針對蕾絲製品,對檢查者(5人)之染斑之程度進行相對評價。其結果取各檢查者之評價分之平均值且小數點以後四捨五入,關於平均值,將5設為S,將4設為A,將3設為B,將1~2設為C。 For lace products, the relative evaluation of the degree of staining of the inspectors (5 persons) was carried out. The result is the average of the evaluation points of each examiner and rounded off after the decimal point. Regarding the average value, 5 is S, 4 is A, 3 is B, and 1 to 2 are C.
5分:非常優異 5 points: very good
4分:略優 4 points: slightly better
3分:普通 3 points: normal
2分:稍差 2 points: slightly worse
1分:差 1 point: poor
將S、A設為品質合格。 Set S and A as qualified.
織成操作性:將織成途中之斷紗次數設為每一捲(80m)蕾絲布料之斷紗件數,以如下標準進行表示。 Weaving operability: Set the number of yarn breaks in the process of weaving as the number of yarn breaks per roll (80m) of lace fabric, expressed as the following standards.
S:0件以上且未滿5件 S: 0 items or more but less than 5 items
A:5件以上且未滿10件 A: More than 5 pieces but less than 10 pieces
B:10件以上且未滿20件 B: More than 10 pieces but less than 20 pieces
C:20件以上且未滿30件 C: More than 20 pieces but less than 30 pieces
將S、A設為步驟通過性合格。 Set S and A to pass the step.
針對長襪製品,於穿著於人體足形之狀態下對質地評價經驗豐富之檢查者(5人)之腿部之柔軟性進行相對評價。其結果取各檢查者之評價分之平均值且小數點以後四捨五入,關於平均值,將5設為S,將4設為A,將3設為B,將1~2設為C。 For stockings, the softness of the legs of inspectors with rich experience in texture evaluation (5 people) was compared while wearing the shape of the human foot. The result is the average of the evaluation points of each examiner and rounded off after the decimal point. Regarding the average value, 5 is S, 4 is A, 3 is B, and 1 to 2 are C.
5分:非常優異 5 points: very good
4分:略優 4 points: slightly better
3分:普通 3 points: normal
2分:稍差 2 points: slightly worse
1分:差 1 point: poor
將S、A設為柔軟性合格。 Set S and A to pass the flexibility.
使正面為外側地將長襪製品穿著於人體腳樣,將吊襪帶部對準自腳後跟向大腿部方向60cm之位置,其後,將自腳後跟向大腿部方向52.5cm之位置作為中心,於腳樣之大腿部背面側依 照測定框之大小預先標記圓形之記號。於將製品固定於測定框時,依照之前所標記之圓形之記號進行固定,藉此於與穿著狀態相同之狀態下測定破裂強度,設為耐久性之指標。 Put the stocking product on the human foot with the front side facing outward, align the garter belt at a position 60 cm from the heel to the thigh, and then center the 52.5 cm from the heel to the thigh. Foot-like side of the back of the thigh Mark the circle mark in advance according to the size of the measuring frame. When fixing the product to the measuring frame, fix it in accordance with the circular mark previously marked, thereby measuring the breaking strength in the same state as the wearing state, and setting it as an index of durability.
破裂強度係依據利用JIS L1096-2010、馬倫型法(A法)之破裂強度試驗方法,測定任意3處之破裂強度,根據其平均值以如下標準分4個階段進行評價。 The rupture strength is based on the rupture strength test method using JIS L1096-2010 and the Mullen type method (Method A). The rupture strength is measured at any three locations, and the average value is evaluated in 4 stages according to the following standards.
S:117.7kPa以上 S: 117.7kPa or more
A:98.1kPa以上且未滿117.7kPa A: 98.1kPa or more and less than 117.7kPa
B:88.3kPa以上且未滿98.1kPa B: 88.3kPa or more and less than 98.1kPa
C:未滿88.3kPa。 C: Less than 88.3kPa.
將S、A設為耐久性合格。 Set S and A to pass durability.
針對長襪製品,對檢查者(5人)之染斑之程度進行相對評價。其結果係各檢查者之評價分之平均值之小數點以後四捨五入,關於平均值,將5設為S,將4設為A,將3設為B,將1~2設為C。 For stocking products, the relative evaluation of the degree of staining of the inspectors (5 persons) was carried out. The result is the average of the evaluation points of each examiner and rounded off after the decimal point. Regarding the average value, 5 is S, 4 is A, 3 is B, and 1-2 is C.
5分:非常優異 5 points: very good
4分:略優 4 points: slightly better
3分:普通 3 points: normal
2分:稍差 2 points: slightly worse
1分:差。 1 point: poor.
將S、A設為品質合格。 Set S and A as qualified.
以如下標準對利用襪子編織機以轉數400rpm連續運轉1小時而織編長襪時之因織編時之斷紗所導致之停台次數進行評價。 The following criteria were used to evaluate the number of stoppages caused by yarn breakage during knitting when knitting stockings when the sock knitting machine was continuously operated at 400 rpm for 1 hour.
S:斷紗未滿2次、 S: yarn breaks less than 2 times,
A:斷紗2次以上且未滿4次、 A: The yarn breaks more than 2 times and less than 4 times,
B:斷紗4次以上且未滿6次、 B: Yarn broken more than 4 times but less than 6 times,
C:斷紗6次以上。 C: The yarn breaks 6 times or more.
將S、A設為步驟通過性合格。 Set S and A to pass the step.
利用常用方法將作為聚醯胺之硫酸相對黏度(ηr)3.3、熔點225℃之尼龍6碎片以含水率成為0.03質量%以下之方式進行乾燥。以紡絲溫度(熔融溫度)290℃將所獲得之尼龍6碎片熔融,自紡絲嘴吐出。紡絲嘴係使用孔數42、圓形、孔徑Φ 0.25、6絲線/頭者。
The
關於紡絲機,使用圖1所示之態樣之紡絲機(直接紡絲延伸機)進行紡絲。再者,加熱筒係使用加熱筒長度L為50mm、單層長度L1、L2分別為25mm之2層之加熱筒,以上層之加熱筒之環境溫度成為300℃,下層之加熱筒之環境溫度成為150℃之方式進行溫度設定。 Regarding the spinning machine, the spinning machine (direct spinning stretching machine) shown in Fig. 1 was used for spinning. Furthermore, the heating cylinder uses a two-layer heating cylinder with a heating cylinder length L of 50mm and a single layer length L1 and L2 of 25mm respectively. The ambient temperature of the upper heating cylinder becomes 300℃, and the ambient temperature of the lower heating cylinder becomes The temperature is set at 150°C.
將自紡絲嘴吐出之各長絲於2層之加熱筒內以環境溫度150~300℃進行徐冷,並通過冷卻開始距離LS169mm、18℃之冷風之環狀冷卻裝置而將絲線冷卻固化至室溫。其後,於距嘴面之供油位置Lg為1300mm之位置賦予油劑,並且使各長絲集束而形成複絲,利用流體交絡噴嘴裝置實施交絡後,以拉取輥速度(紡
絲速度)1500m/min、熱固化長度600mm經由加熱至155℃之延伸輥以延伸倍率2.8倍進行延伸,並進行捲取,獲得22.0dtex、7長絲之尼龍6複絲。
The filaments ejected from the spinning nozzle are slowly cooled in a 2-layer heating cylinder at an ambient temperature of 150~300°C, and the filaments are cooled and solidified by a ring cooling device of cold air at a distance of LS169mm from the cooling start and 18°C. Room temperature. After that, the oiling agent was applied at a position Lg of 1300 mm from the oil supply position Lg of the nozzle surface, and the filaments were bundled to form a multifilament.
Yarn speed) 1500m/min, thermal curing length 600mm, stretched at 2.8 times stretch magnification through stretch rolls heated to 155°C, and reeled to obtain 22.0dtex, 7-
將對所獲得之尼龍6複絲進行評價之結果示於表1。
Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the obtained
繼而,對該複絲進行整經,作為28G拉舍爾蕾絲底紗之背面側之紗,設為流道長度21.0cm,進而,作為底紗之正面側之紗,亦設為流道長度100.0cm、花紋紗235~330dtex,並且進行編製。繼而,對原色織物進行精練、染色、最終定型,藉此獲得內衣用蕾絲織物。將對所獲得之蕾絲製品進行評價之結果示於表1。 Then, the multifilament was warped, and the runner length was set to 21.0cm as the back side yarn of the 28G Raschel lace bottom yarn, and the runner length was also set to 100.0 as the front side yarn of the base yarn. cm, pattern yarn 235~330dtex, and weaving. Then, the primary color fabric is refined, dyed, and finally shaped to obtain a lace fabric for underwear. Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the obtained lace products.
以上層之加熱筒之環境溫度成為300℃,下層之加熱筒之環境溫度成為100℃之方式進行溫度設定,於加熱筒內以環境溫度100~300℃進行徐冷,將拉取輥速度設為1700m/min,將延伸倍率設為2.7倍,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。將評價結果示於表1。
Set the temperature in such a way that the ambient temperature of the heating cylinder of the upper layer becomes 300℃, and the ambient temperature of the heating cylinder of the lower layer becomes 100℃, and slowly cool in the heating cylinder at an ambient temperature of 100~300℃, and set the drawing roller speed to Except for the 1700 m/min, the stretching ratio was set to 2.7 times, the same method as in Example 1 was used to obtain 22 dtex, 7
以上層之加熱筒之環境溫度成為300℃,下層之加熱筒之環境溫度成為200℃之方式進行溫度設定,於加熱筒內以環境溫度200~300℃進行徐冷,將延伸倍率設為3.0倍,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。
將評價結果示於表1。
Set the temperature in such a way that the ambient temperature of the heating cylinder of the upper layer becomes 300℃, and the ambient temperature of the heating cylinder of the lower layer becomes 200℃. In the heating cylinder, the ambient temperature is 200~300℃ for slow cooling, and the extension ratio is set to 3.0 times. Except for this, a
作為聚醯胺,設為硫酸相對黏度(ηr)3.2、熔點265℃之尼龍66碎片,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼龍66複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。將評價結果示於表1。 As the polyamide, nylon 66 fragments with a relative viscosity of sulfuric acid (ηr) of 3.2 and a melting point of 265°C were used. Other than that, a nylon 66 multifilament with 22 dtex and 7 filaments was obtained by the same method as in Example 1, and lace was obtained. Fabric. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
加熱筒係使用加熱筒長度L為50mm之單層加熱筒,以環境溫度成為300℃之方式進行溫度設定,將延伸倍率設為3.2倍,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。將評價結果示於表1。
The heating cylinder is a single-layer heating cylinder with a heating cylinder length L of 50mm. The temperature is set so that the ambient temperature becomes 300°C, and the stretching ratio is set to 3.2 times. Except for this, the same method as in Example 1 is used to obtain 22dtex. , 7-
由於為單層加熱筒,故而加熱筒內之環境溫度固定,加熱筒內之熱對流混亂,U%變差。又,由於加熱筒內之環境溫度設定係300℃而為接近紡絲溫度之溫度,故而自嘴面至冷卻之藉由徐冷之配向緩和不充分,15%強度較高。因此,蕾絲織物之步驟通過性、品質、柔軟性較差。 Because it is a single-layer heating cylinder, the ambient temperature in the heating cylinder is fixed, the heat convection in the heating cylinder is chaotic, and U% becomes worse. In addition, since the ambient temperature in the heating cylinder is set at 300°C, which is close to the spinning temperature, the alignment from the nozzle surface to the cooling by the slow cooling is insufficient, and the 15% strength is relatively high. Therefore, the lace fabric has poor step passability, quality and softness.
以上層之加熱筒之環境溫度成為200℃,下層之加熱筒之環境溫度成為100℃之方式進行溫度設定,於加熱筒內以環境溫度100~200℃進行徐冷,將拉取輥速度設為1700m/min,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。將評價結果示於表1。
Set the temperature in such a way that the ambient temperature of the upper heating cylinder becomes 200℃, and the ambient temperature of the lower heating cylinder becomes 100℃, and slowly cool in the heating cylinder at an ambient temperature of 100~200℃, and set the drawing roll speed to Except for this, the same method as in Example 1 was used to obtain 22 dtex, 7-
由於加熱筒內之環境溫度設定係100~200℃而為較紡絲溫度低90℃之溫度,故而自嘴面至冷卻之藉由徐冷之配向緩和不充分,強伸度積、15%強度較低。因此,蕾絲織物之耐久性較差。 Since the ambient temperature in the heating cylinder is set at 100~200℃, which is 90℃ lower than the spinning temperature, the slow cooling from the nozzle surface to the cooling is not sufficiently alleviated, the strength and elongation product, 15% strength Lower. Therefore, the durability of lace fabric is poor.
不設置加熱筒,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。將評價結果示於表1。
Except for the heating cylinder, the same method as in Example 1 was used to obtain 22 dtex, 7-
由於未設置加熱筒,故而自嘴面至冷卻之藉由徐冷之配向緩和不足,強伸度積、15%強度較低。因此,蕾絲織物之耐久性較差。 Since there is no heating cylinder, the alignment from the mouth surface to the cooling by the slow cooling is insufficient, and the strength and elongation product and 15% strength are low. Therefore, the durability of lace fabric is poor.
將供油位置Lg設為800mm,將延伸倍率設為3.0倍,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。將評價結果示於表2。
Except that the oil supply position Lg was set to 800 mm and the stretching ratio was set to 3.0 times, the same method as in Example 1 was used to obtain 22 dtex, 7
將供油位置Lg設為1500mm,將延伸倍率設為2.7倍,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。將評價結果示於表2。
Except that the oil supply position Lg was set to 1500 mm, and the stretching ratio was set to 2.7 times, the same method as in Example 1 was used to obtain a
將供油位置Lg設為600mm,將延伸倍率設為3.2倍,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。將評價結果示於表2。
Except that the oil supply position Lg was set to 600 mm and the stretching ratio was set to 3.2 times, the same method as in Example 1 was used to obtain 22 dtex, 7
由於在長絲溫度未降至室溫之狀態下賦予油劑,故而U%變差。又,嘴面至供油導件之紗彎曲較大,因供油導件處之摩擦所產生之影響而強伸度積、15%強度較低。因此,蕾絲織物之步驟通過性、耐久性、品質較差。 Since the oil is given when the filament temperature is not lowered to room temperature, the U% becomes worse. In addition, the yarn from the nozzle surface to the oil supply guide has a large curve, and the strength and elongation product and 15% strength are low due to the influence of friction at the oil supply guide. Therefore, lace fabrics are poor in passability, durability, and quality.
將供油位置Lg設為3000mm,將延伸倍率設為2.7倍,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。將評價結果示於表2。
Except that the oil supply position Lg was set to 3000 mm, and the stretching ratio was set to 2.7 times, the same method as in Example 1 was used to obtain a
因下降氣流所引起之紗晃動之影響較大,U%變差。又,因伴隨流所帶來之影響而紡絲張力變高,紡絲配向進行,故而 15%強度、強伸度積較低。因此,蕾絲織物之品質、耐久性較差。 The effect of yarn sloshing caused by downdraft is greater, and U% becomes worse. In addition, due to the influence of the accompanying flow, the spinning tension becomes higher and the spinning alignment progresses, so 15% strength, low strength and elongation product. Therefore, the quality and durability of lace fabrics are poor.
將拉取輥速度(紡絲速度)設為1000m/min,將延伸倍率設為3.8倍,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。將評價結果示於表2。
Except that the drawing roll speed (spinning speed) was set to 1000m/min and the stretching ratio was set to 3.8 times, the same method as in Example 1 was used to obtain 22dtex, 7-
將拉取輥速度(紡絲速度)設為2000m/min,將延伸倍率設為2.3倍,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。將評價結果示於表2。
The drawing roll speed (spinning speed) was set to 2000m/min, and the stretching ratio was set to 2.3 times, except that the same method as in Example 1 was used to obtain 22dtex, 7
將拉取輥速度(紡絲速度)設為800m/min,將延伸倍率設為4.5倍,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。將評價結果示於表2。
The drawing roll speed (spinning speed) was set to 800m/min, and the stretching ratio was set to 4.5 times, except that the same method as in Example 1 was used to obtain a
由於紡絲速度較低,故而紡絲張力變低,紗晃動之影響較大,U%變差。又,加熱筒之徐冷效果變大,聚醯胺分子鏈之變形緩和過度進行,15%強度較高。因此,蕾絲織物之步驟通過性、品質、柔軟性較差。 Because the spinning speed is lower, the spinning tension becomes lower, the effect of yarn sloshing is greater, and the U% becomes worse. In addition, the cooling effect of the heating cylinder becomes greater, the deformation of the polyamide molecular chain is relaxed and excessive, and the 15% strength is higher. Therefore, the lace fabric has poor step passability, quality and softness.
將拉取輥速度(紡絲速度)設為2500m/min,將延伸倍率設為1.9倍,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼
龍6複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。將評價結果示於表2。
The drawing roll speed (spinning speed) was set to 2500m/min, and the stretching ratio was set to 1.9 times. Except for this, the same method as in Example 1 was used to obtain 22dtex and 7 filaments.
由於紡絲速度較高,故而變形速度變高,變形速度之不均增加,牽引延伸不均增大而U%變差。又,加熱筒之徐冷效果變低,聚醯胺分子鏈之變形緩和不充分,15%強度、強伸度積較低。因此,蕾絲織物之品質、耐久性較差。 Because the spinning speed is higher, the deformation speed becomes higher, the unevenness of the deformation speed increases, the unevenness of the traction elongation increases and the U% becomes worse. In addition, the cooling effect of the heating cylinder becomes low, the deformation of the polyamide molecular chain is not sufficiently relieved, and the 15% strength and the product of strength and elongation are low. Therefore, the quality and durability of lace fabrics are poor.
使用直徑不同之延伸輥,將熱固化長度設為1200mm,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。將評價結果示於表2。
Extending rollers with different diameters were used, and the thermal curing length was set to 1200 mm, except for this, a
使用直徑不同之延伸輥,將熱固化長度設為1800mm,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法獲得22dtex、7長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得蕾絲織物。將評價結果示於表2。
Extending rolls with different diameters were used, and the thermal curing length was set to 1800 mm, except that the same method as in Example 1 was used to obtain 22 dtex, 7
利用熱之纖維之結晶化過度進行,15%強度較高。因此,蕾絲織物之步驟通過性、柔軟性較差。 The crystallization of the fiber using heat is excessive, and 15% strength is higher. Therefore, lace fabrics have poor step passability and softness.
利用常用方法將作為聚醯胺之硫酸相對黏度(ηr)3.3、熔點225℃之尼龍6碎片以含水率成為0.03質量%以下之方式進行乾燥。以紡絲溫度(熔融溫度)290℃將所獲得之尼龍6碎片熔融,自紡絲嘴吐出。紡絲嘴係使用孔數30、圓形、孔徑Φ 0.20、6絲線/頭者。
The
關於紡絲機,使用圖1所示之態樣之紡絲機進行紡絲。再者,加熱筒係使用加熱筒長度L為50mm、單層長度L1、L2分別為25mm之2層之加熱筒,以上層之加熱筒之環境溫度成為300℃,下層之加熱筒之環境溫度成為150℃之方式進行溫度設定。 Regarding the spinning machine, the spinning machine of the aspect shown in Fig. 1 is used for spinning. Furthermore, the heating cylinder uses a two-layer heating cylinder with a heating cylinder length L of 50mm and a single layer length L1 and L2 of 25mm respectively. The ambient temperature of the upper heating cylinder becomes 300℃, and the ambient temperature of the lower heating cylinder becomes The temperature is set at 150°C.
將自紡絲嘴吐出之各長絲於2層之加熱筒內以環境溫度150~300℃進行徐冷,並通過冷卻開始距離LS169mm、18℃之冷風之環狀冷卻裝置而將絲線冷卻固化至室溫。其後,於距嘴面之供油位置Lg為1300mm之位置賦予油劑,並且使各長絲集束而形成複絲,利用流體交絡噴嘴裝置實施交絡後,以拉取輥速度(紡絲速度)1500m/min、熱固化長度600mm經由加熱至155℃之延伸輥以延伸倍率2.6倍進行延伸,並進行捲取,獲得8.0dtex、5長絲之尼龍6複絲。
The filaments ejected from the spinning nozzle are slowly cooled in a 2-layer heating cylinder at an ambient temperature of 150~300°C, and the filaments are cooled and solidified by a ring cooling device of cold air at a distance of LS169mm from the cooling start and 18°C. Room temperature. After that, the oil was applied at a position of 1300 mm from the oil supply position Lg of the nozzle surface, and the filaments were bundled to form a multifilament. After the fluid entanglement nozzle device was used for entanglement, the drawing roll speed (spinning speed) 1500m/min, thermal curing length of 600mm is stretched with a stretching ratio of 2.6 times through a stretching roll heated to 155°C, and then taken up to obtain 8.0dtex, 5
將對所獲得之尼龍6複絲進行評價之結果示於表3。
Table 3 shows the results of evaluation of the obtained
繼而,將該複絲用於包芯紗之被覆紗,將22decitex之聚胺基甲酸酯彈性紗作為芯紗,設定為牽引3.0倍,以撚數2400t/m(S,Z方向)進行單股包芯,製造單股包芯彈性紗(SCY)。 Then, the multifilament was used for the covering yarn of the core yarn, and the polyurethane elastic yarn of 22decitex was used as the core yarn. Strand core-spun to manufacture single-strand core-spun elastic yarn (SCY).
使用所獲得之SCY,利用襪子編織機進行織成。繼而,對原編織物進行精練、染色,並於120℃下進行30秒最終定型,獲得連褲襪製品。將對所獲得之連褲襪製品之腿部進行評價之結果示於表3。 Use the obtained SCY to knit with a sock knitting machine. Then, the original knitted fabric is scoured, dyed, and finalized at 120°C for 30 seconds to obtain a pantyhose product. Table 3 shows the results of evaluating the legs of the obtained pantyhose products.
不設置加熱筒,除此以外,以與實施例10相同之方法獲得8dtex、5長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得長襪製品。將評價結果示於表3。
Except that the heating cylinder is not provided, the same method as in Example 10 is used to obtain 8 dtex, 5-
由於未設置加熱筒,故而自嘴面至冷卻之藉由徐冷之配向緩和不足,強伸度積、15%強度較低。因此,長襪製品之耐久性較差。 Since there is no heating cylinder, the alignment from the mouth surface to the cooling by the slow cooling is insufficient, and the strength and elongation product and 15% strength are low. Therefore, the durability of stocking products is poor.
不設置加熱筒,將拉取輥速度(紡絲速度)設為2500m/min,將延伸倍率設為1.5倍,除此以外,以與實施例10相同之方法獲得8dtex、5長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得長襪製品。將評價結果示於表3。
No heating cylinder is installed, the drawing roll speed (spinning speed) is set to 2500m/min, and the stretching ratio is set to 1.5 times. Except for this, the same method as in Example 10 is used to obtain 8dtex, 5
由於紡絲速度較高,故而變形速度變高,藉此,變形速度之不均增加,牽引延伸不均增大而U%變差。又,由於未設置加熱筒,故而自嘴面至冷卻之藉由徐冷之變形緩和不足,15%強度、強伸度積較低。因此,長襪製品之品質、耐久性較差。 Since the spinning speed is higher, the deformation speed becomes higher, and thereby, the unevenness of the deformation speed increases, the unevenness of the traction elongation increases and the U% becomes worse. In addition, since the heating cylinder is not provided, the deformation by the slow cooling from the mouth surface to the cooling is insufficient, and the 15% strength and the product of strength and elongation are low. Therefore, the quality and durability of stocking products are poor.
加熱筒係使用加熱筒長度L為50mm之單層加熱筒,以環境溫度成為300℃之方式進行溫度設定,將供油位置Lg設為3000mm,將拉取輥速度(紡絲速度)設為600m/min,將延伸倍率設為4.5倍,除此以外,以與實施例10相同之方法獲得8dtex、5長絲之尼龍6複絲,並獲得長襪製品。將評價結果示於表3。
The heating cylinder is a single-layer heating cylinder with a heating cylinder length L of 50mm. The temperature is set so that the ambient temperature becomes 300°C, the oil supply position Lg is set to 3000mm, and the drawing roll speed (spinning speed) is set to 600m /min, the stretching ratio was set to 4.5 times, except that the same method as in Example 10 was used to obtain 8 dtex, 5-
由於為單層加熱筒,故而加熱筒內之環境溫度分佈固定,加熱筒內之熱對流混亂,進而,由於供油位置較低(頭至供油 之距離較長)或紡絲速度較低,故而紗晃動之影響較大而U%變差。又,藉由紡絲速度較低而加熱筒之徐冷效果變大,聚醯胺分子鏈之變形緩和過度進行,進而,因熱固化長度較長而導致之纖維之結晶化過度進行,15%強度較高。因此,長襪製品之步驟通過性、品質、柔軟性較差。 Because it is a single-layer heating cylinder, the ambient temperature distribution in the heating cylinder is fixed, and the heat convection in the heating cylinder is chaotic. Furthermore, due to the low oil supply position (head to oil supply The distance is longer) or the spinning speed is lower, so the influence of yarn sloshing is greater and U% becomes worse. In addition, as the spinning speed is lower and the cooling effect of the heating cylinder becomes larger, the deformation of the polyamide molecular chain is relieved and excessively proceeded, and further, the crystallization of the fiber due to the longer heat curing length is excessively proceeded, 15% The intensity is higher. Therefore, stocking products have poor step passability, quality, and flexibility.
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WO2019208427A1 (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2019-10-31 | 東レ株式会社 | Polyamide fiber, woven or knit fabric, and method for producing polyamide fiber |
KR20210089669A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2021-07-16 | 도레이 카부시키가이샤 | Polyamide Multifilament and Covering Elastic Yarn |
EP4202093A1 (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2023-06-28 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Polyamide multifilament, and method for manufacturing same |
CN116096948A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2023-05-09 | 东丽株式会社 | Polyamide multifilament yarn, method for producing the same, and braid |
WO2022132101A1 (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-23 | Aydin Örme San. Ve Ti̇c. A.Ş. | Use of lyocell yarn in the production of lace |
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WO2016104278A1 (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-06-30 | 東レ株式会社 | High-shrinkage polyamide fibers, combined-filament yarn using same in portion thereof, and woven or knitted fabric |
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WO2016076184A1 (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2016-05-19 | 東レ株式会社 | Ultra-fine high-strength polyamide multifilament, and covering yarn, stocking, and fabric using same |
WO2016104278A1 (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-06-30 | 東レ株式会社 | High-shrinkage polyamide fibers, combined-filament yarn using same in portion thereof, and woven or knitted fabric |
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