JP4013110B2 - Lace knitting - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4013110B2
JP4013110B2 JP2001320737A JP2001320737A JP4013110B2 JP 4013110 B2 JP4013110 B2 JP 4013110B2 JP 2001320737 A JP2001320737 A JP 2001320737A JP 2001320737 A JP2001320737 A JP 2001320737A JP 4013110 B2 JP4013110 B2 JP 4013110B2
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Prior art keywords
yarn
dtex
knitting
strength
multifilament
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JP2001320737A
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JP2003129331A (en
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健一郎 小高
健司 馬場
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Toyobo Co Ltd
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Toyobo Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は後加工操業性の向上、製品引裂強度、製品破裂強度、製品耐久性に優れたポリアミドフィラメントを用いたレース編物に関するものであり、さらに詳しくは糸条の強伸度特性の改善されたポリアミドフィラメントをレース地の地糸に用いたレース編物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
強度を必要とする繊維製品を得るためにポリアミドフィラメントの強度を上げる手段としては特開平11−247022号報に記載があり、延伸倍率を上げ高強度のポリアミドフィラメントを得る方法が開示されている。しかし、破断伸度を低くして破断強度を向上させる為、編物の準備工程や編工程以降で原糸に高張力が掛ると工程通過性が著しく悪くなるという問題がある。特に、伸度が不足している原糸では編成工程での編針の上下運動や製織工程での筬の開口運動で発生する張力変化を緩和しきれず、断糸頻度が増加し工程通過性が悪化する傾向が強い。
【0003】
また、高速化に伴う工程糸切れを改善する目的として、特開平3−104938号報には伸度が80%以下のポリアミドフィラメントを熱延伸してカバリング糸の鞘糸を製造する方法が開示されている。伸度が80%以下の延伸しないポリアミドフィラメントは強度や弾性率が低く、そのまま製編織すると加工テンションの変化に対して糸斑やひいては糸切れが発生しやすい為取り扱いにくい。その対策として熱延伸されたポリアミドフィラメントを所望の伸度に設定することは可能であるが、延伸倍率が低いものは強度が充分なものとならない。
【0004】
さらに特開2000−34618号報には強伸度バランスを適正化するための紡糸条件が開示されているが、編み工程でかかる張力が高いことや織工程での筬とのこすれによる摩擦にたいしては、相対粘度が2.52〜2.58と低い為、強伸度バランスを調整しても、毛羽の発生を押さえることは困難であった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、前記従来技術の問題を解決し、ポリアミドフィラメントを製編するに際し現状より更に負荷の掛る条件下において加工する場合や、従来製品より低繊度化、多フィラメント化する場合等の毛羽や糸切れが発生しやすい条件下においても、加工時の操業性を維持でき、さらには製品の引裂、破裂強度を確保し、製品耐久性を確保できるポリアミドフィラメントからなるレース編物を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明はかかる問題について鋭意検討した結果、上記課題を解決するためには次の構成を有するポリアミドフィラメントを用いることが有効であることを見いだした。すなわちナイロン6からなり、相対粘度3.51〜4.5、破断強度5.0〜6.0cN/dtex、破断伸度 51%以上64%以下であり、糸条繊度が19〜44 dtex であり、フィラメント数が3〜44であるポリアミドフィラメントをエンブロイダルレース、ラッセルレース、リバースレース等のレース地の地糸に用いたことを特徴とするレース物である。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0010】
本発明で用いるナイロンの相対粘度は3.0以上が必要である。相対粘度が3.0未満であると破断強度不足による製品引裂、破裂強度低下、破断伸度不足による加工操業性の悪化、製品耐久性の悪化という問題が生じる。この場合強伸度バランスを調整しても、相対粘度の低い繊維はその分子量の低さが意味するように分子鎖末端の数が多く、それゆえ分子鎖の乱れや繊維軸方向の結合力が相対的に低いため、高張力下や高摩擦下において毛羽や糸切れが発生しやすくなる。また相対粘度が4.5を超えると高粘度対応の重合設備や紡糸設備が必要となるだけでなく、高粘度化する事で生産性が著しく低下し、原糸コストが上がり消費者への安価で高機能な製品を供給出来なくなるという問題が生じる。相対粘度は好ましくは3.3以上4.5以下であり、さらに好ましくは3.5以上4.0以下である。
【0011】
本発明においてポリアミドフィラメントの破断強度は、4.2cN/dtex以上が必要である。破断強度が4.2cN/dtex未満であると破断強度不足による毛羽や糸切れが発生し、操業性が著しく悪化するだけでなく、製品引裂、破裂強度低下という品質低下の問題が生じる。特に強度の低下は初期弾性率が低くなることと相関しており、それ故強度の低いつまり初期弾性率の低いポリアミドフィラメントは製編織時のテンション変動の影響を受けやすく、品質安定の観点から好ましくない。さらに本発明においてポリアミドフィラメントの破断強度が6.5cN/dtex以下であることが必要である。破断強度が6.5cN/dtexより大きくなると破断伸度が50%より小さくなり、後述する問題が発生するため望ましくない。破断伸度は好ましくは4.5cN/dtex以上6.0cN/dtex以下であり、さらに好ましくは5.0cN/dtex以上5.5cN/dtex以下である。
【0012】
本発明においてポリアミドフィラメントの破断伸度は、50%以上64%以下が望ましい。破断伸度が50%未満であると織物では高速化、高密度化、低繊度化に伴う各種接糸部品との摩擦抵抗や張力変化に原糸が追従出来ず、断糸の発生頻度が増加する問題が発生しやすい。又編物でも、高速化、高密度化、低繊度化した場合同様の問題が発生しやすいばかりでなく、編成時に発生するロービングバック現象を有効に活用出来ず、編成張力の増加をポリアミドフィラメントが緩和しきれないため断糸の発生頻度が顕著に増加するという問題が生じる。また、本発明のポリアミドフィラメントの破断伸度は64%を超えると製品の寸法安定性が不安定となり製品ロスが多くなるという問題が生じる為望ましくない。好ましくは破断伸度54%以上58%以下である。
【0013】
本発明においてポリアミドフィラメントは編物、例えばエンブロイダルレース、ラッセルレース、リバースレース等のレース地の地糸に好適に用いられる。ポリアミドフィラメントの糸条繊度が19〜44dtexでフィラメント数が3〜44本のような細繊度のマルチフィラメントの場合、製編織時の毛羽が発生しやすいが、本発明においては上記のようなポリアミドフィラメントであればレース地の地糸に使用してもその問題が発生せず、引き裂き強度に関して難しいとされていたレース編地用地糸として非常に好適なものである。
【0014】
本発明におけるポリアミドフィラメントはストッキング、さらに具体的にはレッグ部及び/又は爪先部に用いるカバーリング弾性糸の鞘糸として好適に用いられる。ポリアミドフィラメントの糸条繊度が8〜13dtexでフィラメント数が3〜10本のような細繊度のマルチフィラメントの場合、ストッキングの摩擦特性が要求されるレッグ部や爪先部において望まれる耐久性が満足できるものがなかったが、本発明のポリアミドフィラメントであれば充分耐久性に優れているため従来難しいとされていた該部分に好適に使用することができる。
【0015】
本発明においてポリアミドフィラメントはナイロン6、ナイロン46、ナイロン66で代表され、それらを主体とする共重合体や混合物であってもよい。吸湿性を改善するために吸湿性モノマーを共重合することや、あるいは吸湿性樹脂を芯部に閉じこめた芯鞘型複合繊維であっても差し支えない。柔らかさとコストの観点からナイロン6が好ましく採用される。
【0016】
本発明においてナイロン原糸の断面形状は特に限定されず丸型、三角型、中空型、十字型で代表され、異なる断面の集合体であってもよい。またその異形度や中空率は特に限定されない。
【0017】
本発明においてナイロン原糸に添加される各種添加剤も特に限定されず、吸湿性物質、酸化防止剤、つや消し剤、紫外線吸収剤、抗菌剤等を単独又は、複合して添加しても良い。
【0018】
また本発明においてポリアミドフィラメントは仮撚等の捲縮加工が施されていても構わない。
【0019】
(評価方法の説明)
96.3±0.1重量%試薬特級濃硫酸中に重合体濃度が10mg/mlになるように試料を溶解させてサンプル溶液を調整し、20℃±0.05℃の温度で水落下秒数6〜7秒のオストワルド粘度計を用い、溶液相対粘度を測定する。測定に際し、同一の粘度計を用い、サンプル溶液を調整したときと同じ硫酸20mlの落下時間T0(秒)と、サンプル溶液20mlの落下時間T1(秒)の比より、相対粘度RVを下記の式を用いて算出する。
RV=T1/T0
【0020】
ポリアミドフィラメント破断強度、伸度:インストロンジャパン(株) 4310型を用いて測定する。初荷重として糸条繊度(dtex.)に対し1/33グラムを加え、糸長20cm、引張速度20cm/ minの条件で1試料に対しn=3で測定し、破断強度、破断伸度のそれぞれの平均値を求める。
【0021】
場内操業性:製糸途中での断糸回数を生産機台1日当たりの断糸件数として、次の基準で表示した。
○:0.0件/機台.日以上0.1件/機台.日未満
△:0.1件/機台.日以上0.3件/機台.日未満
×:0.3件/機台.日以上
【0022】
編成操業性:編成途中での断糸回数をレース生地一反(80)当たりの断糸件数として、次の基準で表示した。
○:0件以上10件未満
△:10件以上20件未満
×:20件以上30件未満
【0023】
透明感:試料レース布帛における柄と地糸部とのコントラストを肉眼にて相対評価して、次の基準で表示した。
○:地糸部と柄部が明確に区別でき、柄部が鮮明である。地糸部のネットの大きさが均一である。
△:地糸部と柄部の区別はできるが、地糸部のネットの大きさに乱れがある。
×:地糸部と柄部の区別が難しい。柄糸がぼやけている。
【0024】
レッグ部耐久性:JIS-L-1018 A法 (ミューレン法)による破裂強さ試験方法により破裂強度を測定し その水準により、次の基準で表示した。
◎:1.2kg/cm2以上、
○:1.0kg/ cm2以上1.2kg/ cm2未満、
△:0.8kg/ cm2以上1.0kg/ cm2未満、
×:0.8kg/ cm2未満
【0025】
爪先部耐久性:JIS-L-1018 B法 (定速伸長形法)による破裂強さ試験方法により破裂強度を測定しその水準により、次の基準で表示した。
◎:7.0kg以上、
○:6.8kg以上7.0kg未満、
△:6.6kg以上6.8kg未満、
×:6.4kg未満
【0026】
透明性:試料ストッキングの大腿部の片方に設置した光源(Aルクス)からの試料スットキング大腿部透過後の他方の光度(Bルクス)を測定し Bルクス×100/Aルクスの値より、次の基準で表示した。
○:80以上、
△:70以上80未満、
×:70未満
【0027】
[実施例1]
硫酸中の相対粘度ηr=3.51のナイロン6ポリマーを紡糸温度280℃で丸孔を 6個有する口金から溶融紡糸して紡糸速度2500m/min,延伸速度3700m/min 延伸ローラ 温度160℃、巻取り速度3600m/minで巻取り28dtex.6フィラメントのマルチフィラメントを得た。得られた マルチフィラメントの破断強度は5.5cN/dtex. 破断伸度は55%であった。又原糸生産時の操業性は糸切れもなく良好であった。
【0028】
次に該マルチフィラメントを整経し28Gラッセルレース地糸のバック側の糸としてランナー長21.0cm、更に、地糸のフロント側の糸としてもランナー長 100.0cm、柄糸235〜330dtex.とともに製編した。つぎに生機を精練、染色、仕上げセットすることでインナー レース用布帛を得た。
【0029】
得られた布帛は地糸の低繊度化により透明感があり柄糸の柄が従来品より鮮明に表現されたレース布帛となった。布帛の破裂強度も製品スペック内で合格。編成時の断糸回数も少なく、編成操業性も良好であり、布帛の破裂強度も実用に耐えうるものであった。評価結果を表1に示す。
【0030】
参考例1]硫酸中の相対粘度ηr=3.51のナイロン6ポリマを紡糸温度280℃で丸孔を 5個有する口金から溶融紡糸して紡糸速度3200m/min,延伸速度4000m/min延伸ローラ 温度160℃、巻取り速度3950m/minで巻取り11dtex.5フィラメントのマルチフィラメントを得た。得られた マルチフィラメントの破断強度は5.2cN/dtex. 破断伸度は57%であった。又、原糸生産時の操業性は糸切れもなく良好であった。
【0031】
次に該マルチフィラメントをカバーリング弾性糸の巻糸に用い、22Tのポリウレタン弾性糸を芯糸とし、ドラフト3.2倍、撚数1800t/mでシングルカバリングして、シングルカバリング糸(SCY)を製造した。
【0032】
得られたSCYを用い永田精機(株)製のスーパー4編機(針本数360本)で、編機の給糸口に供給しレッグ部から爪先部までが同一のSCYのみで編成されパンティーストキングとし、通常の方法にて染色、仕上げ、ファイナルセットしたパンティイストッキングを製品化した。
【0033】
得られた製品のレッグ部、爪先部の耐久性は実用に耐え得るものである上に、透明性が格段に向上した結果となった。製品評価結果を表2に示す。
【0034】
[比較例1]
実施例1のポリマー、溶融条件、口金を用い紡糸速度1800m/min,延伸速度3700m/min 延伸ローラ温度160℃、巻取り速度3600m/minで巻取り28dtex.6フィラメントのマルチフィラメントを得た。得られたマルチフィラメントの破断強度は6.0cN/dtex. 破断伸度は48%であった。又、原糸生産時の操業性は実施例1に比べると断糸回数が増加した。
【0035】
実施例1の編成条件で製編を実施したが、編成時の断糸回数が多発した為、製品化を断念した。評価結果を合わせて表1に示す。
【0036】
[比較例2]
実施例1のポリマー、紡糸温度、口金を用い紡糸速度2700m/min,延伸速度3700m/min 延伸ローラ温度160℃、巻取り速度3600m/minで巻取り28dtex.6フィラメントのマルチフィラメントを得た。得られたマルチフィラメントの破断強度は5.0cN/dtex. 破断伸度は65%であった。又、原糸生産時の操業性は特に問題なかった。
【0037】
実施例1の編成条件で製編を実施したが、編成時の断糸回数は問題なかったが、製品の寸法にバラツキが発生し、地糸のネット部の大きさが乱れて透明感が不均一で柄の大きさやボリューム感にもバラツキが発生した。評価結果を合わせて表1に示す。
【0038】
[比較例3]
硫酸中の相対粘度ηr=2.90のナイロン6ポリマを、実施例1の溶融条件、口金、製 糸条件を用い28dtex.6フィラメントのマルチフィラメントを得た。得られたマルチフィラメントの破断強度は4.1cN/dtex. 破断伸度は53%であった。又、原糸生産時の操業性は特に問題なかった。
【0039】
実施例1の編成条件で製編を実施したが、編成時の断糸回数が若干増加し、製品破裂強度が実用に耐えうるレベル以下であった。更にポリマの相対粘度が低下することでナイロン原糸の末端基数が増加し地糸を染色した製品で地糸側が濃染化してしまい柄糸の柄がぼやけてしまう結果となった。評価結果を合わせて表1に示す。
【0040】
[比較例4]
硫酸中の相対粘度ηr=2.90のナイロン6ポリマーを、紡糸温度270℃、実施例1の口金条件、製糸条件を用い28dtex.6フィラメントのマルチフィラメントを得た。得られたマルチフィラメントの破断強度は5.0cN/dtex. 破断伸度は51%であった。又、原糸生産時の操業性は実施例1に比べると断糸回数が若干増加した。
【0041】
実施例1の編成条件で製編を実施したが、編成時の断糸回数は問題ないが、製品破裂強度がスッペクアウトとなった。更に比較例4同様に製品で地糸側が濃染化してしまい柄糸の柄がぼやけてしまう結果となった。評価結果を合わせて表1に示す。
【0042】
[比較例5]参考例1のポリマー、紡糸温度、口金を用い紡糸速度2800m/min,延伸速度4000m/min 延伸ローラ温度160℃、巻取り速度3950m/minで巻取り11dtex.5フィラメントのマルチフィラメントを得た。得られたマルチフィラメントの破断強度は5.5cN/dtex. 破断伸度は48%であった。又、原糸生産時の操業性は参考例1に比べると断糸回数が増加した。
【0043】
得たれたマルチフィラメントを参考例1と同様の加工条件で製品化評価した。透明性は向上するが、爪先部の耐久性が劣る結果となった。評価結果を合わせて表2に示す。
【0044】
[比較例6]参考例1のポリマー、溶融条件、口金を用い紡糸速度3500m/min,延伸速度4000m/min 延伸ローラ温度160℃、巻取り速度3950m/minで巻取り11dtex.5フィラメントのマルチフィラメントを得た。得られたマルチフィラメントの破断強度は5.2cN/dtex. 破断伸度は65%であった。又、原糸生産時の操業性は特に問題なかった。
【0045】
得たれたマルチフィラメントを参考例1と同様の加工条件で製品化評価した。透明性は向上するが、レック゛部の耐久性が劣る結果となった。評価結果を合わせて表2に示す。
【0046】
[比較例7]硫酸中の相対粘度ηr=2.90のナイロン6ポリマーを、参考例1の紡糸温度、口金を用い紡糸速度3200m/min,延伸速度4000m/min 延伸ローラ温度160℃、巻取り速度3950m/minで巻取り11dtex.5フィラメントのマルチフィラメントを得た。得られたマルチフィラメントの破断強度は4.1cN/dtex. 破断伸度は52%であった。又、原糸生産時の操業性は特に問題なかった。
【0047】
得たれたマルチフィラメントを参考例1と同様の加工条件で製品化評価した。透明性はホ゜リマの末端基数が、増加した為濃染化し透明感が損なわれた結果となった。又、レック゛部及び爪先部の耐久性が劣る結果となった。評価結果を合わせて表2に示す。
【0048】
[比較例8]硫酸中の相対粘度がηr=2.90のナイロン6ポリマーを、紡糸温度270℃、参考例1の口金を用い紡糸速度3200m/min,延伸速度4000m/min 延伸ローラ温度160℃、巻取り速度3950m/minで巻取り11dtex.5フィラメントのマルチフィラメントを得た。得られたマルチフィラメントの破断強度は5.0cN/dtex. 破断伸度は50%であった。又、原糸生産時の操業性は参考例1に比べると断糸回数が若干増加した。
【0049】
得たれたマルチフィラメントを参考例1と同様の加工条件で製品化評価した。透明性はホ゜リマ―の末端基数が、増加した為濃染化し透明感が損なわれた結果となった。又、レック゛部及び爪先部の耐久性が劣る結果となった。評価結果を合わせて表2に示す。得たれたマルチフィラメントを参考例1と同様の加工条件で製品化評価した。透明性は向上するが、レック゛部及び爪先部の耐久性が劣る結果となった。評価結果を合わせて表2に示す。
【0050】
【表1】

Figure 0004013110
【0051】
【表2】
Figure 0004013110
【0052】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、ポリアミドフィラメント延伸糸を製編する際に更に負荷の掛る条件下において加工する場合や、従来製品より低繊度化、多フィラメント化する場合等の毛羽や糸切れが発生しやすい条件下においても、加工時の操業性を維持でき、さらには製品の引裂、破裂強度を確保し、製品耐久性を確保できる編物用ポリアミドフィラメントとそれからなる編物を提供できる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention improves the post-processing workability, product tear strength, product burst strength, relates race knit with excellent Po Li amide filler ment product durability, more particularly the strength and elongation properties of the yarn The present invention relates to a lace knitted fabric using an improved polyamide filament as a ground yarn of a lace fabric .
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a means for increasing the strength of the polyamide filament in order to obtain a fiber product that requires strength, JP-A-11-247002 discloses a method for increasing the draw ratio and obtaining a high-strength polyamide filament. However, in order to improve the breaking strength by lowering the breaking elongation, there is a problem that the process passability is remarkably deteriorated when a high tension is applied to the yarn after the knitting preparation process or after the knitting process. In particular, in the case of raw yarn with insufficient elongation, it is not possible to alleviate the tension change that occurs due to the vertical movement of the knitting needle in the knitting process and the opening movement of the heel in the weaving process, and the thread breakage frequency increases and the process passability deteriorates. The tendency to do is strong.
[0003]
Further, for the purpose of improving the process yarn breakage accompanying the increase in speed, JP-A-3-104938 discloses a method for producing a sheath yarn of a covering yarn by hot drawing a polyamide filament having an elongation of 80% or less. ing. A non-stretched polyamide filament having an elongation of 80% or less has low strength and elastic modulus, and when it is knitted and woven as it is, it is difficult to handle because yarn spots and eventually thread breakage easily occur with respect to changes in processing tension. As a countermeasure, it is possible to set the heat-stretched polyamide filament to a desired elongation, but a material having a low draw ratio does not have sufficient strength.
[0004]
Further, JP 2000-34618 discloses spinning conditions for optimizing the balance of high elongation, but for the friction caused by the high tension applied in the knitting process and rubbing with the wrinkles in the weaving process, Since the relative viscosity was as low as 2.52 to 2.58, it was difficult to suppress the occurrence of fluff even when the balance of strength and elongation was adjusted.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and when knitting polyamide filaments, it is processed under conditions that are more burdensome than the current situation, or when it is reduced in fineness and multifilaments compared to conventional products, even under conditions where the yarn breakage is likely to occur, can be maintained operability during processing, more products tear, ensuring the bursting strength, the reportage Li amide filler ment or Ranaru race knitted secured the product durability The purpose is to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted extensive studies about this problem and found that it is effective to use a polyamide filler ment having the following structure in order to solve the above problems. That consists of nylon 6 having a relative viscosity from 3.51 to 4.5, breaking strength 5.0 ~6.0cN / dtex, Ri elongation at break 51% or more 64% or less der, yarn fineness in 19-44 dtex There is a race knitted product number of filaments is characterized by using a polyamide filament is 3-44 embroidery dull race, Russell race, the land yarn lace ground such as reverse race.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described in detail below.
[0010]
The relative viscosity of the nylon used in the present invention needs to be 3.0 or more. When the relative viscosity is less than 3.0, there are problems such as product tear due to insufficient breaking strength, reduced burst strength, deterioration of workability due to insufficient elongation at break, and deterioration of product durability. In this case, even if the balance of strength and elongation is adjusted, fibers with low relative viscosity have a large number of molecular chain ends, as indicated by their low molecular weight. Since it is relatively low, fluff and thread breakage are likely to occur under high tension and high friction. In addition, if the relative viscosity exceeds 4.5, not only high viscosity polymerization equipment and spinning equipment are required, but also high viscosity leads to a significant decrease in productivity, resulting in higher raw yarn costs and lower costs for consumers. Therefore, there arises a problem that it becomes impossible to supply highly functional products. The relative viscosity is preferably 3.3 or more and 4.5 or less, more preferably 3.5 or more and 4.0 or less.
[0011]
In the present invention , the breaking strength of the polyamide filament needs to be 4.2 cN / dtex or more. When the breaking strength is less than 4.2 cN / dtex, fluff and thread breakage due to insufficient breaking strength occur, and not only the operability is remarkably deteriorated, but also the problem of quality degradation such as product tearing and lowering of the bursting strength occurs. In particular, a decrease in strength correlates with a decrease in the initial elastic modulus. Therefore, polyamide filaments with low strength, that is, low initial elastic modulus, are easily affected by tension fluctuation during weaving and weaving, and are preferable from the viewpoint of quality stability. Absent. Furthermore, in the present invention , the breaking strength of the polyamide filament is required to be 6.5 cN / dtex or less. If the breaking strength is greater than 6.5 cN / dtex, the elongation at break is less than 50%, which is not desirable because the problem described later occurs. The breaking elongation is preferably 4.5 cN / dtex or more and 6.0 cN / dtex or less, and more preferably 5.0 cN / dtex or more and 5.5 cN / dtex or less.
[0012]
In the present invention , the breaking elongation of the polyamide filament is desirably 50% or more and 64% or less. If the elongation at break is less than 50%, the woven fabric cannot follow the frictional resistance and tension change with various yarn-attached parts due to high speed, high density, and low fineness. Problems are likely to occur. In the case of knitted fabrics, not only the same problems are likely to occur when the speed, density, and fineness are reduced, but also the roving back phenomenon that occurs during knitting cannot be used effectively, and the polyamide filament relaxes the increase in knitting tension. Since this cannot be done, there is a problem that the occurrence frequency of the broken yarn is remarkably increased. Further, if the breaking elongation of the polyamide filament of the present invention exceeds 64%, the dimensional stability of the product becomes unstable and the product loss increases, which is not desirable. Preferably, the elongation at break is 54% or more and 58% or less.
[0013]
In the present invention , the polyamide filament is suitably used for knitted fabrics such as embroidery laces, raschel laces, reverse laces and the like. In the case of a multifilament having a fineness of 19 to 44 dtex and a fineness of 3 to 44, the fluff during the weaving is likely to occur. In the present invention , the polyamide filament as described above is used. Therefore, the problem does not occur even when used for the ground yarn of the lace fabric, and it is very suitable as the ground yarn for the lace fabric which has been considered difficult with respect to the tear strength.
[0014]
The polyamide filament according to the present invention is suitably used as a sheath yarn of a covering elastic yarn used for stockings, more specifically, a leg part and / or a toe part. In the case of a multifilament having a fineness of 8 to 13 dtex and a filament number of 3 to 10 in the polyamide filament, the durability desired in the leg portion and the toe portion where the friction characteristic of the stocking is required can be satisfied. Although there was nothing, the polyamide filament of the present invention is sufficiently excellent in durability and can be suitably used for the portion that has been considered difficult in the past.
[0015]
In the present invention , the polyamide filament is represented by nylon 6, nylon 46 and nylon 66, and may be a copolymer or a mixture mainly composed of them. In order to improve hygroscopicity, a hygroscopic monomer may be copolymerized, or a core-sheath type composite fiber in which a hygroscopic resin is confined in the core may be used. Nylon 6 is preferably employed from the viewpoint of softness and cost.
[0016]
In the present invention , the cross-sectional shape of the nylon yarn is not particularly limited, and is represented by a round shape, a triangular shape, a hollow shape, and a cross shape, and may be an aggregate having different cross sections. Moreover, the deformity and the hollowness are not particularly limited.
[0017]
Various additives added to the nylon yarn in the present invention are not particularly limited, and a hygroscopic substance, an antioxidant, a matting agent, an ultraviolet absorber, an antibacterial agent and the like may be added alone or in combination.
[0018]
In the present invention , the polyamide filament may be crimped such as false twist.
[0019]
(Explanation of evaluation method)
The sample solution was prepared by dissolving the sample in 96.3 ± 0.1 wt% reagent-grade concentrated sulfuric acid so that the polymer concentration was 10 mg / ml, and the water dropped at a temperature of 20 ° C. ± 0.05 ° C. The relative viscosity of the solution is measured using an Ostwald viscometer of several to 7 seconds. In the measurement, using the same viscometer, the relative viscosity RV is calculated from the ratio of the drop time T0 (second) of 20 ml of sulfuric acid and the drop time T1 (second) of 20 ml of the sample solution, which is the same as when the sample solution was adjusted. Calculate using.
RV = T1 / T0
[0020]
Polyamide filament breaking strength, elongation: measured using Instron Japan Co., Ltd. model 4310. As an initial load, 1/33 gram was added to the yarn fineness (dtex.), Measured at n = 3 for one sample under the conditions of a yarn length of 20 cm and a tensile speed of 20 cm / min. Find the average value of.
[0021]
On-site operability: The number of yarn breaks during yarn production was displayed as the number of yarn breaks per day on the production machine stand according to the following criteria.
○: 0.0 cases / machine units. More than 0.1 days / machine units. Less than days. △: 0.1 cases / machine units. More than 0.3 days / machine units. Less than days ×: 0.3 cases / machine units. More than days.
Knitting operability: The number of yarn breaks during knitting was displayed as the number of yarn breaks per race fabric (80) according to the following criteria.
○: 0 to less than 10 △: 10 to less than 20 ×: 20 to less than 30 [0023]
Transparency: The contrast between the pattern and the ground yarn portion in the sample lace fabric was relatively evaluated with the naked eye and displayed according to the following criteria.
○: The ground yarn portion and the handle portion can be clearly distinguished, and the handle portion is clear. The net size of the ground yarn is uniform.
Δ: Although the ground yarn portion and the pattern portion can be distinguished, the net size of the ground yarn portion is disturbed.
X: Difficult to distinguish the ground yarn portion from the handle portion. The pattern yarn is blurred.
[0024]
Leg part durability: Burst strength was measured by the burst strength test method according to JIS-L-1018 A method (Murren method), and the level was indicated according to the following criteria.
◎: 1.2kg / cm 2 or more,
○: 1.0 kg / cm 2 or more and less than 1.2 kg / cm 2
Δ: 0.8 kg / cm 2 or more and less than 1.0 kg / cm 2
×: Less than 0.8 kg / cm 2 [0025]
Toe endurance: rupture strength was measured by the rupture strength test method according to JIS-L-1018 B method (constant speed extension type method), and indicated by the following standards according to the level.
◎: 7.0kg or more
○: 6.8kg to less than 7.0kg
Δ: 6.6kg to less than 6.8kg,
×: Less than 6.4kg [0026]
Transparency: Measure the other light intensity (B lux) after passing through the sample stocking thigh from the light source (A lux) placed on one side of the thigh of the sample stocking. From the value of B lux x 100 / A lux, Displayed according to the following criteria.
○: 80 or more
Δ: 70 to less than 80,
×: Less than 70 【0027】
[Example 1]
Nylon 6 polymer with relative viscosity ηr = 3.51 in sulfuric acid is melt-spun from a die having 6 round holes at a spinning temperature of 280 ° C, spinning speed is 2500m / min, stretching speed is 3700m / min, stretching roller temperature is 160 ° C, winding speed A multifilament of 28 dtex.6 filaments wound up at 3600 m / min was obtained. The multifilament obtained had a breaking strength of 5.5 cN / dtex. The breaking elongation was 55%. In addition, the operability during the production of the raw yarn was good without yarn breakage.
[0028]
Next, warp the multifilament and knitting with a runner length of 21.0cm as the back side yarn of 28G Russell lace ground yarn, and also with a runner length of 100.0cm as the front side yarn of the ground yarn, with the pattern yarn of 235 to 330dtex. did. Next, the fabric for inner race was obtained by scouring, dyeing and finishing the raw machine.
[0029]
The resulting fabric became a lace fabric that had a sense of transparency due to the lower fineness of the ground yarn, and the pattern of the patterned yarn was expressed more clearly than the conventional product. The bursting strength of the fabric passed the product specifications. The number of yarn breaks during knitting was small, the knitting operability was good, and the burst strength of the fabric could withstand practical use. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
[0030]
[ Reference Example 1 ] Nylon 6 polymer having a relative viscosity ηr = 3.51 in sulfuric acid was melt-spun from a die having five round holes at a spinning temperature of 280 ° C., spinning speed 3200 m / min, stretching speed 4000 m / min, stretching roller temperature 160 A multifilament of 11 dtex.5 filament was obtained at a temperature of 3 ° C. and a winding speed of 3950 m / min. The multifilament obtained had a breaking strength of 5.2 cN / dtex. The breaking elongation was 57%. In addition, the operability at the time of raw yarn production was good without yarn breakage.
[0031]
Next, the multifilament was used as a winding yarn for covering elastic yarn, a polyurethane elastic yarn of 22T was used as a core yarn, and a single covering was produced at a draft of 3.2 times and a twist number of 1800 t / m to produce a single covering yarn (SCY). .
[0032]
Using the obtained SCY, a super 4 knitting machine (360 needles) manufactured by Nagata Seiki Co., Ltd., supplied to the yarn feeder of the knitting machine and knitted with only the same SCY from the leg part to the toe part to make a panty stocking Pantyhose stockings that were dyed, finished, and final set in the usual way were commercialized.
[0033]
The durability of the leg part and the toe part of the obtained product can be practically used, and the transparency is remarkably improved. Table 2 shows the product evaluation results.
[0034]
[Comparative Example 1]
Using the polymer of Example 1, the melting conditions, and the die, a spinning speed of 1800 m / min, a drawing speed of 3700 m / min, a drawing roller temperature of 160 ° C., a winding speed of 3600 m / min, and a multifilament of 28 dtex. The multifilament obtained had a breaking strength of 6.0 cN / dtex. The breaking elongation was 48%. Further, the operability during the production of the raw yarn was increased in the number of yarn breaks compared to Example 1.
[0035]
Although knitting was carried out under the knitting conditions of Example 1, since the number of times of yarn breakage during knitting frequently occurred, the commercialization was abandoned. The evaluation results are shown together in Table 1.
[0036]
[Comparative Example 2]
Using the polymer of Example 1, spinning temperature, and die, a spinning speed of 2700 m / min, a drawing speed of 3700 m / min, a drawing roller temperature of 160 ° C., a winding speed of 3600 m / min, and a multifilament of 28 dtex.6 filaments were obtained. The multifilament obtained had a breaking strength of 5.0 cN / dtex. The breaking elongation was 65%. Also, there was no particular problem in operability during production of the raw yarn.
[0037]
Although knitting was carried out under the knitting conditions of Example 1, there was no problem with the number of yarn breaks during knitting, but there was variation in product dimensions, the net part of the ground yarn was disturbed, and transparency was not good. Uniform and the size and volume of the pattern varied. The evaluation results are shown together in Table 1.
[0038]
[Comparative Example 3]
A nylon 6 polymer having a relative viscosity ηr = 2.90 in sulfuric acid was used to obtain a multifilament of 28 dtex.6 filaments using the melting conditions, the die and the spinning conditions of Example 1. The multifilament obtained had a breaking strength of 4.1 cN / dtex. The breaking elongation was 53%. Also, there was no particular problem in operability during production of the raw yarn.
[0039]
Knitting was carried out under the knitting conditions of Example 1, but the number of yarn breaks during knitting slightly increased, and the product burst strength was below the level that could withstand practical use. In addition, as the relative viscosity of the polymer decreased, the number of terminal bases of the nylon yarn increased, and in the product dyed the ground yarn, the ground yarn side was darkened and the pattern of the patterned yarn was blurred. The evaluation results are shown together in Table 1.
[0040]
[Comparative Example 4]
A nylon 6 polymer having a relative viscosity ηr = 2.90 in sulfuric acid was obtained by using a spinning temperature of 270 ° C. and a die condition and a spinning condition of Example 1 to obtain a multifilament of 28 dtex.6 filament. The multifilament obtained had a breaking strength of 5.0 cN / dtex. The breaking elongation was 51%. In addition, the operability during the production of the raw yarn was slightly increased in the number of yarn breaks compared to Example 1.
[0041]
Although knitting was carried out under the knitting conditions of Example 1, there was no problem with the number of yarn breaks during knitting, but the product burst strength was speckled out. Further, as in Comparative Example 4, the ground yarn side of the product was darkened and the pattern of the patterned yarn was blurred. The evaluation results are shown together in Table 1.
[0042]
[Comparative Example 5] Using the polymer of Reference Example 1 , the spinning temperature, and the die, the spinning speed is 2800 m / min, the stretching speed is 4000 m / min, the stretching roller temperature is 160 ° C, and the winding speed is 3950 m / min. Got. The multifilament obtained had a breaking strength of 5.5 cN / dtex. The breaking elongation was 48%. In addition, the operability during production of the raw yarn was increased in the number of yarn breaks compared to Reference Example 1 .
[0043]
The obtained multifilament was evaluated for commercialization under the same processing conditions as in Reference Example 1 . Although the transparency was improved, the durability of the toe portion was inferior. The evaluation results are shown together in Table 2.
[0044]
[Comparative Example 6] Using the polymer of Reference Example 1 , melting conditions, and die, spinning speed of 3500 m / min, drawing speed of 4000 m / min, drawing roller temperature of 160 ° C., winding speed of 3950 m / min, winding 11 dtex.5 filament multifilament Got. The multifilament obtained had a breaking strength of 5.2 cN / dtex. The breaking elongation was 65%. Also, there was no particular problem in operability during production of the raw yarn.
[0045]
The obtained multifilament was evaluated for commercialization under the same processing conditions as in Reference Example 1 . Although the transparency was improved, the durability of the ledge was inferior. The evaluation results are shown together in Table 2.
[0046]
[Comparative Example 7] A nylon 6 polymer having a relative viscosity ηr = 2.90 in sulfuric acid was spun at a spinning temperature of 3200 m / min, a spinning speed of 4000 m / min using a base of a spinning base of Reference Example 1, a stretching roller temperature of 160 ° C, and a winding speed of 3950 m. A multifilament of 11 dtex.5 filament wound up was obtained at / min. The multifilament obtained had a breaking strength of 4.1 cN / dtex. The breaking elongation was 52%. Also, there was no particular problem in operability during production of the raw yarn.
[0047]
The obtained multifilament was evaluated for commercialization under the same processing conditions as in Reference Example 1 . Transparency resulted in a deep dyeing due to an increase in the number of terminal groups of the polymer, resulting in a loss of transparency. Further, the durability of the ledge portion and the toe portion was inferior. The evaluation results are shown together in Table 2.
[0048]
[Comparative Example 8] A nylon 6 polymer having a relative viscosity of ηr = 2.90 in sulfuric acid was spun at a temperature of 270 ° C., a spin rate of 3200 m / min using a die of Reference Example 1 , a draw speed of 4000 m / min, a draw roller temperature of 160 ° C. A multifilament of 11 dtex.5 filament wound up was obtained at a take-up speed of 3950 m / min. The multifilament obtained had a breaking strength of 5.0 cN / dtex. The breaking elongation was 50%. In addition, the operability during production of the raw yarn was slightly increased as compared with Reference Example 1.
[0049]
The obtained multifilament was evaluated for commercialization under the same processing conditions as in Reference Example 1 . Transparency resulted in a deep dyeing due to an increase in the number of terminal groups of the polymer, resulting in a loss of transparency. Further, the durability of the ledge portion and the toe portion was inferior. The evaluation results are shown together in Table 2. The obtained multifilament was evaluated for commercialization under the same processing conditions as in Reference Example 1 . Although the transparency was improved, the durability of the ledge portion and the toe portion was inferior. The evaluation results are shown together in Table 2.
[0050]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004013110
[0051]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004013110
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
In accordance with the present invention, when processing the polyamide filament drawn yarn under knitting conditions, or when processing is performed under conditions that are more burdensome, or when the fineness and the number of filaments are lower than those of conventional products, conditions where fuzz and yarn breakage are likely to occur. However, it is possible to provide a polyamide filament for knitting that can maintain operability at the time of processing, further ensure the tearing and bursting strength of the product, and ensure the durability of the product, and a knitted fabric comprising the same.

Claims (1)

ナイロン6からなり、相対粘度3.51〜4.5、破断強度5.0〜6.0cN/dtex、破断伸度 51%以上64%以下であり、糸条繊度が19〜44 dtex であり、フィラメント数が3〜44であるポリアミドフィラメントをレース地の地糸に用いたことを特徴とするレース編物。 Made of nylon 6 having a relative viscosity from 3.51 to 4.5, breaking strength 5.0 to 6.0 cN / dtex, Ri elongation at break 51% or more 64% or less der, yarn fineness in nineteen to forty-four dtex A lace knitted fabric characterized in that polyamide filaments having 3 to 44 filaments are used as the ground yarn of the lace fabric.
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