TWI726755B - 用於微影的製程液體組成物及使用該組成物的圖案形成方法 - Google Patents
用於微影的製程液體組成物及使用該組成物的圖案形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明涉及一種製程液體組成物及使用該組成物的圖案形成方法,該組成物用於對光阻劑圖案進行剝離缺陷改善和缺陷數量減少,其中,涉及一種製程液體組成物,用於在光阻劑製程中對光阻劑圖案進行剝離缺陷改善及缺陷數量減少,以及其中,該光阻劑圖案具有與光阻劑表面的水的接觸角成70°以上的疏水性,更具體地,該製程液體組成物包含:0.00001至0.1重量%的氟系界面活性劑、0.0001至0.1重量%的烴系陰離子界面活性劑、0.0001至0.1重量%的鹼性物質及99.7至99.99979重量%的水,且表面張力為40mN/m以下,接觸角為60°以下。
Description
本發明涉及一種製程液體組成物及使用該組成物的光阻劑圖案形成方法,該組成物用於在光阻劑圖案製程中對光阻劑圖案的剝離缺陷進行改善,其中,該光阻劑圖案具有與光阻劑表面的水的接觸角成70°以上的疏水性。
通常,半導體是透過以193nm、248nm或365nm等波長帶的紫外線作為曝光光源的微影製程製造,為了減少關鍵尺寸(以下稱為CD:Critical Dimension)而展開的競爭非常激烈。
因此,為了形成更加精細的圖案,需要更小波長帶的光源,目前,利用極紫外線(EUV,extreme ultra violet,13.5nm波長)光源的微影技術正得到活躍應用,利用該技術能夠實現更加精細的波長。
但是,用於極紫外線的光阻劑的蝕刻(etching)耐性仍未得到改善,對於具有大縱橫比的光阻劑圖案的需求仍持續存在,因此存在著在顯影期間容易發生圖案剝離的缺陷,且缺陷數量增加,從而在製造過程中大幅減少製程餘裕(process margin)的問題。
因此,需要開發出能夠改善在精細圖案形成期間發生的剝離缺陷的程度並減少缺陷數量的技術。為了改善圖案剝離缺陷的程度並減少缺陷數量,最佳可以提高光阻劑的性能,但是也不能忽視能夠滿足所有性能的新型光阻劑的開發困難的現實。
儘管仍存在新型光阻劑的開發必要性,但是,透過其他方法來改善圖案剝離程度並減少缺陷數量的努力從未停止。
本發明的目的在於開發一種製程液體組成物及使用該組成物的光阻劑圖案的形成方法,該組成物用於對光阻劑顯影後所產生的圖案進行剝離缺陷程度改善和缺陷數量減少,其中,該圖案具有與光阻劑表面的水的接觸角成70°以上的疏水性。
在顯影製程中使用的水系製程液體組成物中,使用了多種界面活性劑,但本發明使用氟系界面活性劑和烴系陰離子界面活性劑製造出有效的製程液體組成物。
在主要使用超純水的水系製程液體組成物中,當使用接近疏水性的烴系非離子型界面活性劑時,誘導了光阻劑壁面的疏水化,從而使圖案的溶解(melting)及崩塌減少。然而,由於烴系非離子型界面活性劑自身凝聚的傾向大,導致製程液體組成物的物性不均勻,在使用期間反而存在由於凝聚的烴系非離子型界面活性劑而誘發缺陷(defect)的可能性。即,當使用烴系非離子型界面活性劑,為了改善溶解而需要增大使用量時,可能會對光阻劑造成損害(Damage)。此外,當為了減少毛細管力而以降低製程液體組成物的表面張力為目的,過量地使用不適合的界面活性劑時,可能由於引起圖案的溶解而進一步引起圖案的崩塌。
此外,當使用烴系陽離子型界面活性劑時,由於活性基團在水溶液中解離為陽離子而很少保有金屬。這可能導致微影製程中的嚴重缺陷。
本發明中確認了透過使用氟系界面活性劑和烴系陰離子界面活性劑,改善圖案剝離缺陷程度及減少缺陷數量的效果優異。已發現這是由於相比於烴系非離子型界面活性劑降低了表面張力和接觸角,增加了滲透力和擴散性,從而有助於精細圖案的形成的結果。
目前使用在大部分微影顯影程序中的典型顯影液,是以純水作為基質,將四甲基氫氧化銨稀釋為一定濃度來使用(在大部分製程中,混合2.38重量%的四甲基氫氧化銨和97.62重量%的水來使用)。
在微影製程中,對具有與光阻劑表面的水的接觸角成70°以上的疏水性的光阻劑圖案進行顯影後,在接著連續單獨使用純水洗滌時確認了圖案
剝離缺陷;甚至在顯影後接著繼續使用或者在使用純水後接著連續使用在純水中含有四甲基氫氧化銨的製程液體組成物時,也確認了圖案的崩塌。
可以推測含有四甲基氫氧化銨的製程液體組成物會弱化所曝光的精細圖案,使得毛細管力大或者不均勻,從而導致圖案的崩塌。
因此,為了改善所曝光圖案的崩塌,並進一步改善製程中所需的光阻劑圖案的線寬粗糙度(LWR,Line Width Roughness)和缺陷,需要找到相比於四甲基氫氧化銨對曝光圖案產生的影響相對更小的鹼性物質。
本發明確認了在使用鹼性物質中的四乙基氫氧化銨、四丙基氫氧化銨、四丁基氫氧化銨時,能夠改善LWR或包含圖案崩塌的缺陷。
根據本發明較佳的第一實施例,提供一種製程液體組成物,用於改善在光阻劑顯影期間發生的光阻劑圖案的剝離缺陷程度並減少在光阻劑顯影期間發生的光阻劑圖案的缺陷數量,該組成物包含:0.00001至0.1重量%的氟系界面活性劑、0.0001至0.1重量%的烴系陰離子界面活性劑、0.0001至0.1重量%的鹼性物質、以及99.7至99.99979重量%的水,且表面張力為40mN/m(毫牛頓/公尺,毫牛頓/公尺=1/1000牛頓/公尺)以下,接觸角為60°以下。
此外,根據本發明更佳的第二實施例,提供一種製程液體組成物,用於改善在光阻劑顯影期間發生的光阻劑圖案的剝離缺陷程度並減少在光阻劑顯影期間發生的光阻劑圖案的缺陷數量,該組成物包含:0.0001至0.1重量%的氟系界面活性劑、0.001至0.1重量%的烴系陰離子界面活性劑、0.001至0.1重量%的鹼性物質、以及99.7至99.9979重量%的水,且表面張力為40mN/m以下,接觸角為60°以下。
並且,根據本發明最佳的第三實施例,提供一種製程液體組成物,用於改善在光阻劑顯影期間發生的光阻劑圖案的剝離缺陷程度並減少在光阻劑顯影期間發生的光阻劑圖案的缺陷數量,該組成物包含:0.001至0.1重量%的氟系界面活性劑、0.01至0.1重量%的烴系陰離子界面活性劑、0.01至0.1重量%的鹼性物質、以及99.7至99.979重量%的水,且表面張力為40mN/m以下,接觸角為60°以下。
根據上述實施例的氟系界面活性劑可以選自氟丙烯酸羧酸鹽(Fluoroacryl carboxylate)、氟烷基醚(Fluoroalkyl ether)、氟亞烷基醚(Fluoroalkylene ether)、氟烷基硫酸鹽(Fluoroalkyl sulfate)、氟烷基磷酸鹽
(Fluoroalkyl phosphate)、氟丙烯酸共聚物(Fluoroacryl co-polymer)、含氟共聚物(Fluoro co-polymer)、全氟酸(perfluorinated acid)、全氟羧酸鹽(perfluorinated carboxylate)、全氟磺酸鹽(perfluorianted sulfonate)或它們的混合物所組成的群組。
根據上述實施例的烴系陰離子界面活性劑可以選自由多羧酸銨鹽、磺酸鹽、硫酸酯鹽、磷酸酯鹽或它們的混合物所組成的群組。
根據上述實施例的鹼性物質可以選自由四乙基氫氧化銨、四丙基氫氧化銨、四丁基氫氧化銨或它們的混合物所組成的群組。
本發明進一步提供一種光阻劑圖案形成方法,包括:(a)在半導體基板上塗佈光阻劑以形成光阻劑膜;(b)對所述光阻劑膜進行曝光、顯影以形成光阻劑圖案;以及(c)使用所述用於對光阻劑圖案進行剝離缺陷改善及缺陷數量減少的製程液體組成物對所述光阻劑圖案進行洗滌。
圖案崩塌的原因被認為是由於在顯影後使用純水洗滌圖案時,在圖案之間產生的毛細管力而引起的,但是從經驗可知僅減少毛細管力也無法完全改善圖案崩塌及減少缺陷數量。
在為了減少毛細管力而以降低製程液體組成物的表面張力為目的,過量地使用不適合的界面活性劑時,可能引起圖案的溶解,從而進一步引起圖案剝離缺陷或增加缺陷數量。
為了改善圖案剝離缺陷並減少缺陷數量,重要的是選擇一種能夠降低製程液體組成物的表面張力並防止光阻劑圖案溶解的界面活性劑。
本發明的製程液體組成物對光阻劑具有優異的效果,尤其是具有改善光阻劑的顯影期間發生的圖案剝離缺陷並減少光阻劑的顯影期間發生的缺陷數量的效果,其中,該光阻劑具有與光阻劑表面的水的接觸角成70°以上的疏水性。
本發明的製程液體組成物,在使用具有與光阻劑表面的水的接觸角成70°以上的疏水性的光阻劑來形成圖案時,具有改善圖案剝離缺陷並減少缺陷數量的效果,這是單獨使用光阻劑無法達到的效果,尤其是,包括使用這種製程液體組成物進行洗滌步驟的光阻劑圖案形成方法,顯示出大幅降低生產成本的效果。
圖1是評估根據實施例1之光阻劑圖案的剝離結果。
圖2是評估根據比較實驗例1之光阻劑圖案的剝離結果。
以下詳細說明本發明。
經過無數研究開發出的本發明,涉及一種用於對光阻劑圖案進行剝離缺陷改善及缺陷數量減少的製程液體組成物,該組成物包含:0.00001至0.1重量%的氟系界面活性劑,選自由氟丙烯酸羧酸鹽(Fluoroacryl carboxylate)、氟烷基醚(Fluoroalkyl ether)、氟亞烷基醚(Fluoroalkylene ether)、氟烷基硫酸鹽(Fluoroalkyl sulfate)、氟烷基磷酸鹽(Fluoroalkyl phosphate)、氟丙烯酸共聚物(Fluoroacryl co-polymer)、含氟共聚物(Fluoro co-polymer)、全氟酸(perfluorinated acid)、全氟羧酸鹽(perfluorinated carboxylate)、全氟磺酸鹽(perfluoriauted sulfonate)或他們的混合物所組成的群組;0.0001至0.1重量%的陰離子界面活性劑,選自由多羧酸銨鹽、磺酸鹽、硫酸酯鹽、磷酸酯鹽或他們的混合物所組成的群組;0.0001至0.1重量%的鹼性物質,選自由四乙基氫氧化銨、四丙基氫氧化銨、四丁基氫氧化銨或他們的混合物所組成的群組;以及99.7至99.99979重量%的水。本發明的製程液體組成物的組成成分及組成比例按照實施例1至實施例60設定,與此相對的組成成分及組成比例按照比較例1至比較例12設定。
以下對本發明的較佳實施例及用於與之比較的比較例進行詳細說明。但是下列實施例僅是本發明的較佳實施例,本發明並不由這些實施例限定。
[實施例1]
按照下列方法,製造含有0.001重量%的氟丙烯酸羧酸鹽、0.01重量%的多羧酸銨鹽、0.005重量%的四丁基氫氧化銨之用於改善光阻劑圖案的崩塌程度的製程液體組成物。
將0.001重量%的氟丙烯酸羧酸鹽、0.01重量%的多羧酸銨鹽、0.005重量%的四丁基氫氧化銨加到餘量的蒸餾水中,攪拌5小時後,經0.01um過
濾器去除精細固體雜質,製造用於改善光阻劑圖案的崩塌程度的製程液體組成物。
[實施例2~實施例60]
按照表1至表12記載的組成,製造用於改善與實施例1相同的光阻劑圖案的缺陷程度的製程液體組成物。
[比較例1]
準備通常在半導體元件製造過程的顯影程序中用作最後洗滌液的蒸餾水。
[比較例2~比較例12]
為了與實施例進行比較,按照表1至表12記載的組成,以與實施例1相同的方法製造製程液體組成物。
[實驗例1~實驗例60、比較實驗例1~比較實驗例12]
對實施例1~實施例60及比較例1~比較例12中,其上形成有圖案的矽晶圓進行圖案剝離缺陷和缺陷數量減少比的測定,以實驗例1~實驗例60、比較實驗例1~比較實驗例12表示,並將結果記載於表13。
(1)防止圖案剝離的確認
(2)剝離缺陷數量減少比
利用表面缺陷觀察裝置(KLA,Tencor公司產品),對於利用各個製程液體組成物試樣進行沖洗處理的光阻劑圖案,測量缺陷數量(A),並計算出相對於只用純水進行沖洗處理的缺陷數量(B)的百分比(%),以(A/B)X100表示。
將只用純水處理後的缺陷數量設為100作為基準,將與僅用純水處理的缺陷數量相比減少(改善)或增加(劣化)的程度表示為減少比。
(3)透明度
用肉眼觀察所製造的製程液體組成物的透明度,並表示為透明或不透明。
(4)表面張力、接觸角
利用表面張力測定儀(K-100,Kruss公司產品)、接觸角測定儀(DSA-100,Kruss公司產品),分別測定所製造的製程液體組成物的表面張力和接觸角。
[實驗例1~實驗例60、比較實驗例1~比較實驗例12]
對實施例1~實施例60及比較例1~比較例12中,其上形成有圖案的矽晶圓進行圖案剝離缺陷程度、缺陷數量減少比及透明度、接觸角、表面張力的測定,以實驗例1~實驗例60、比較實驗例1~比較實驗例12表示,並將結果記載於表13。
(1)防止圖案剝離的確認
(2)剝離缺陷數量
利用表面缺陷觀察裝置(KLA,Tencor公司產品),對於利用各個製程液體組成物試樣進行沖洗處理的光阻劑圖案,測量缺陷數量(A),並計算出相對於只用純水進行沖洗處理的缺陷數量(B)的百分比(%),以(A/B)X100表示。
(3)透明度
用肉眼觀察所製造的製程液體組成物的透明度,並表示為透明或不透明。
(4)接觸角、表面張力
利用接觸角測定儀(DSA-100,Kruss公司產品)、表面張力測定儀(K-100,Kruss公司產品),分別測定所製造的製程液體組成物的接觸角和表面張力。
將實驗例1至實驗例60與比較實驗例1至比較實驗例12進行比較,結果可以發現,以比較實驗例1為基準,沒有圖案崩塌的區塊數量為50個以上,若缺陷數量減少比為90%以下,即顯示優異的改善效果。
與實驗例1至實驗例60對應的製程液體組成物包含:0.00001至0.1重量%的氟系界面活性劑,選自由氟丙烯酸羧酸鹽(Fluoroacryl carboxylate)、
氟烷基醚(Fluoroalkyl ether)、氟亞烷基醚(Fluoroalkylene ether)、氟烷基硫酸鹽(Fluoroalkyl sulfate)、氟烷基磷酸鹽(Fluoroalkyl phosphate)、氟丙烯酸共聚物(Fluoroacryl co-polymer)、含氟共聚物(Fluoro co-polymer)、全氟酸(perfluorinated acid)、全氟羧酸鹽(perfluorinated carboxylate)、全氟磺酸鹽(perfluorianted sulfonate)或他們的混合物所組成的群組;0.0001至0.1重量%的陰離子界面活性劑,選自由多羧酸銨鹽、磺酸鹽、硫酸酯鹽、磷酸酯鹽或他們的混合物所組成的群組;0.0001至0.1重量%的鹼性物質,選自由四乙基氫氧化銨、四丙基氫氧化銨、四丁基氫氧化銨或他們的混合物所組成的群組;以及99.7至99.99979重量%的水時,發現相比於比較實驗例1至比較實驗例12,確認改善了圖案剝離缺陷,還確認改善了缺陷數量。
此外,與實驗例1至實驗例60對應的製程液體組成物包含:0.0001至0.1重量%的氟系界面活性劑,選自由氟丙烯酸羧酸鹽(Fluoroacryl carboxylate)、氟烷基醚(Fluoroalkyl ether)、氟亞烷基醚(Fluoroalkylene ether)、氟烷基硫酸鹽(Fluoroalkyl sulfate)、氟烷基磷酸鹽(Fluoroalkyl phosphate)、氟丙烯酸共聚物(Fluoroacryl co-polymer)、含氟共聚物(Fluoro co-polymer)、全氟酸(perfluorinated acid)、全氟羧酸鹽(perfluorinated carboxylate)、全氟磺酸鹽(perfluorianted sulfonate)或他們的混合物所組成的群組;0.001至0.1重量%的烴系陰離子界面活性劑,選自由多羧酸銨鹽、磺酸鹽、硫酸酯鹽、磷酸酯鹽或他們的混合物所組成的群組;0.001至0.1重量%的鹼性物質,選自由四乙基氫氧化銨、四丙基氫氧化銨、四丁基氫氧化銨或他們的混合物所組成的群組;以及99.7至99.9979重量%的水時,發現相比比較實驗例1至比較實驗例12,可以確認圖案剝離缺陷改善及缺陷數量改善的效果理想地增加。
並且,與實驗例1至實驗例60對應的製程液體組成物包含:0.001至0.1重量%的氟系界面活性劑,選自由氟丙烯酸羧酸鹽(Fluoroacryl carboxylate)、氟烷基醚(Fluoroalkyl ether)、氟亞烷基醚(Fluoroalkylene ether)、氟烷基硫酸鹽(Fluoroalkyl sulfate)、氟烷基磷酸鹽(Fluoroalkyl phosphate)、氟丙烯酸共聚物(Fluoroacryl co-polymer)、含氟共聚物(Fluoro co-polymer)、全氟酸(perfluorinated acid)、全氟羧酸鹽(perfluorinated carboxylate)、全氟磺酸鹽(perfluorianted sulfonate)或他們的混合物所組成的群組;0.01至0.1重量%的烴系陰離子界面活性劑,選自由多羧酸銨鹽、磺酸鹽、硫酸酯鹽、磷酸酯鹽
或他們的混合物所組成的群組;0.01至0.1重量%的鹼性物質,選自由四乙基氫氧化銨、四丙基氫氧化銨、四丁基氫氧化銨或他們的混合物所組成的群組;以及99.7至99.979重量%的水時,發現相比比較實驗例1至比較實驗例12,可以確認圖案剝離缺陷改善及缺陷數量改善的效果更加理想地增加。
評估根據實施例1之光阻劑圖案的崩塌程度的結果如圖1所示,沒有發生圖案崩塌的區塊(bolck)的數量測定為80個。
評估根據比較實驗例1之光阻劑圖案的崩塌程度的結果如圖2所示,沒有發生圖案崩塌的區塊(bolck)的數量測定為46個。
以上對本發明的特定部分詳細說明,對於本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者顯而易見的是,這種具體技術僅僅是較佳的實施形態而已,本發明的範圍並不由此界定。因此本發明實質的保護範圍是由隨附的申請專利範圍及其均等物來界定。
Claims (5)
- 一種製程液體組成物,用於對包含界面活性劑的光阻劑圖案進行剝離缺陷改善及缺陷數量減少,其為在光阻劑顯影製程後用於對光阻劑圖案進行剝離缺陷改善及缺陷數量減少的製程液體組成物,該光阻劑圖案具有與光阻劑表面的水的接觸角成70°以上的疏水性,該製程液體組成物的表面張力為40mN/m以下,且接觸角為60°以下,其中,該製程液體組成物包含:0.00001至0.1重量%的氟系界面活性劑;0.0001至0.1重量%的烴系陰離子界面活性劑;0.0001至0.1重量%的鹼性物質;以及99.7至99.99979重量%的水;並且其中,所述氟系界面活性劑係選自由氟丙烯酸羧酸鹽(Fluoroacryl carboxylate)、氟烷基醚(Fluoroalkyl ether)、氟亞烷基醚(Fluoroalkylene ether)、氟烷基硫酸鹽(Fluoroalkyl sulfate)、氟烷基磷酸鹽(Fluoroalkyl phosphate)、氟丙烯酸共聚物(Fluoroacryl co-polymer)、含氟共聚物(Fluoro co-polymer)、全氟酸(perfluorinated acid)、全氟羧酸鹽(perfluorinated carboxylate)、全氟磺酸鹽(perfluorianted sulfonate)或它們的混合物所組成的群組。
- 如請求項1所述之製程液體組成物,其中,該製程液體組成物包含:0.0001至0.1重量%的氟系界面活性劑;0.001至0.1重量%的烴系陰離子界面活性劑;0.001至0.1重量%的鹼性物質;以及99.7至99.9979重量%的水。
- 如請求項2所述之製程液體組成物,其中,所述烴系陰離子界面活性劑係選自由多羧酸銨鹽、磺酸鹽、硫酸酯鹽、磷酸酯鹽或它們的混合物所組成的群組。
- 如請求項2所述之製程液體組成物,其中,所述鹼性物質係選自由四乙基氫氧化銨、四丙基氫氧化銨、四丁基氫氧化銨或它們的混合物所組成的群組。
- 一種光阻劑圖案形成方法,該方法包括:(a)在半導體基板上塗佈光阻劑以形成光阻劑膜;(b)對所述光阻劑膜進行曝光、顯影以形成光阻劑圖案;以及(c)使用如請求項1至4中任一項所述之製程液體組成物對所述光阻劑圖案進行洗滌。
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