TWI722963B - Photoelectric panel glue processing system - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
一種光電面板膠合物處理系統,至少包括:蒸氣鍋爐、水離子反應器、反應爐、熱回收模組與廢液處理模組,廢棄光電面板拆除外部的金屬框架並置入反應爐內;蒸氣鍋爐將水加熱產生至少120度的水蒸氣,經水離子反應器轉為至少400度~650度的氣體水離子,則常壓、趨近無氧的反應爐中,氣體水離子將光電面板中的膠合層斷鏈裂解碳化為碳渣,藉此,達成維持光電面板結構的完整性,同時能完全除去膠合層(Encapsulant)、與背板(Back sheet),令光電面板能夠輕易分離玻璃板(Glass Substrate)、銅箔銲線(Ribbon)、與太陽能電池(Solar Cell)的結構。A photoelectric panel glue processing system, including at least: a steam boiler, a water ion reactor, a reaction furnace, a heat recovery module, and a waste liquid treatment module. The waste photoelectric panel is removed from the external metal frame and placed in the reactor; the steam boiler The water is heated to produce water vapor of at least 120 degrees, which is converted into gas water ions of at least 400 degrees to 650 degrees through the water ion reactor. The glue layer is broken and carbonized into carbon slag, so as to maintain the integrity of the photovoltaic panel structure. At the same time, the glue layer (Encapsulant) and the back sheet (Back sheet) can be completely removed, so that the photovoltaic panel can easily separate the glass plate (Glass). Substrate), copper foil bonding wire (Ribbon), and solar cell (Solar Cell) structure.
Description
本發明係有關於一種光電面板回收處理系統,特別是指一種玻璃板與太陽能電池不須分離,且無添加溶劑、無明火、趨近無氧的環境中,有效去除膠合層、背板的光電面板膠合物處理系統。The present invention relates to a photoelectric panel recycling and processing system, in particular to a glass plate and solar cell that do not need to be separated, and in an environment where there is no added solvent, no open flame, and near oxygen-free environment, it can effectively remove the photoelectricity of the glue layer and the back plate. Panel glue processing system.
隨著環保意識抬頭、其他能源逐漸枯竭及政府機關大力推動綠色能源,太陽能電池模組未來將被大量使用,但太陽能電池模組中其實含有大量的重金屬,因此,拆解並回收廢棄的太陽能電池模組以避免造成環境嚴重汙染是重要的技術。With the rising awareness of environmental protection, the gradual exhaustion of other energy sources and the vigorous promotion of green energy by government agencies, solar cell modules will be used in large quantities in the future, but solar cell modules actually contain a large amount of heavy metals. Therefore, dismantling and recycling of waste solar cells Modules are an important technology to avoid serious environmental pollution.
以傳統矽晶太陽能模組結構為例,其構造組成包含多晶或單晶之太陽能電池(Solar Cell)、串接太陽能電池的銅箔銲線(Ribbon)、封裝固定太陽能電池及銅箔銲線的膠合層(Encapsulant)、背板(Back sheet)、玻璃板(Glass Substrate)、包覆太陽能模組周邊固定並連接到設置場所的金屬框架(Frame)、以及,將電能整合並對外傳輸的接線盒,其中,金屬框架與接線盒可輕易的拆除回收,剩餘的結構被膠合層穩固的包覆,必須要使用特殊處理才能進一步分解。Take the traditional silicon crystalline solar module structure as an example. Its structure includes polycrystalline or monocrystalline solar cells (Solar Cell), copper foil bonding wires (Ribbon) for connecting solar cells in series, encapsulating and fixing solar cells and copper foil bonding wires Encapsulant, Back sheet, Glass Substrate, metal frame (Frame) that covers the periphery of the solar module and connects to the installation site, and wiring that integrates electrical energy and transmits externally Box, in which the metal frame and junction box can be easily dismantled and recycled, and the remaining structure is firmly covered by the glue layer, and special treatment must be used to further decompose.
膠合層的材料,例如聚乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(Ethylene-vinyl acetate,EVA)、聚乙烯醇縮丁醛(Polyvinyl butyral,PVB),或聚烯烴彈性體(Polyolefin elastomer,POE)等等,這些都是屬於熱固性塑膠材質,在加熱下並不會熔化,而是在到達一定溫度範圍時直接燃燒分解。因此在分解矽晶太陽能電池模組時所遭遇到的一個困難是如何有效地拆除膠合層。The material of the glue layer, such as polyethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), or polyolefin elastomer (POE), etc., are all It is a thermosetting plastic material, which will not melt under heating, but will burn and decompose directly when it reaches a certain temperature range. Therefore, one of the difficulties encountered when disassembling silicon solar cell modules is how to effectively remove the glue layer.
目前處理膠合層的方法主要是:有機溶劑溶解法與熱裂解法,有機溶劑溶解法是將太陽能模組浸泡於有機溶劑中,將膠合層的黏膠溶解出來,而熱分解法則是將太陽能模組置於約520℃的高溫氮氣中,於高溫環境下迫使黏膠裂解失去作用。At present, the main methods of processing the glue layer are: organic solvent dissolution method and thermal cracking method. The organic solvent dissolution method is to soak the solar module in an organic solvent to dissolve the glue of the glue layer, and the thermal decomposition method is to dissolve the solar module. The group is placed in high temperature nitrogen at about 520℃, and the viscose is forced to crack and lose its effect in a high temperature environment.
前述的有機溶劑溶解法需要一段時間才能完全滲透進入太陽能模組,大面積的太陽能模組須要花費長達數十小時才能完全滲透到達中心處,因此,只能侷限於小面積的太陽能模組,且使用有機溶劑對於環境也較容易造成污染。熱裂解法的過程中,膠合層會產生形變,造成太陽能電池與玻璃板破裂,因此幾乎不可能順利得到完整的太陽能電池與玻璃板,且加熱過程中,會注入大量惰性氣體(例如氮氣),造成排氣時出現大量灰份,而含有灰份的氣體更造成廢氣處理上的困難。The aforementioned organic solvent dissolving method takes a period of time to completely penetrate into the solar modules, and it takes up to tens of hours for large-area solar modules to completely penetrate to the center. Therefore, it can only be limited to small-area solar modules. Moreover, the use of organic solvents is more likely to cause pollution to the environment. During the thermal cracking process, the glue layer will be deformed, causing the solar cell and the glass plate to break, so it is almost impossible to obtain a complete solar cell and glass plate smoothly, and a large amount of inert gas (such as nitrogen) will be injected during the heating process. As a result, a large amount of ash occurs during exhaust, and the gas containing ash even causes difficulties in exhaust gas treatment.
如我國專利公告第M559208號「廢太陽能光電板模組蒸氣除膠系統」,該專利的作法是將有機溶劑加熱為有機蒸氣,接著便循著前述熱裂解法的步驟處理膠合層,因此,仍是會使用到會產生損壞環境的廢氣或廢水。For example, my country Patent Publication No. M559208 "Waste Solar Photovoltaic Panel Module Vapor Degluing System", the method of this patent is to heat the organic solvent into organic vapor, and then follow the steps of the aforementioned thermal cracking method to process the glue layer. Therefore, it is still It will use waste gas or waste water that will damage the environment.
又如我國專利公告第I696505號「太陽能電池模組的回收方」,該專利的做法是採用「熱壓」,即加熱軟化膠合層後,以刮刀將玻璃板表面的膠合層分離,因此,容易會有殘膠、刮傷或損毀玻璃板的問題。以及,Another example is my country's Patent Announcement No. I696505 "Recycling of Solar Cell Modules". The method of this patent is to use "hot pressing", that is, after heating to soften the glue layer, the glue layer on the surface of the glass plate is separated with a scraper. Therefore, it is easy to There will be problems with glue residue, scratches or damage to the glass plate. as well as,
再如我國專利公告第I679068號「太陽能電池模組的回收方法(二)」,該專利的做法是結合前述有機溶劑溶解法與熱裂解法,因此,同時存在兩者的缺失。Another example is my country's Patent Announcement No. I679068 "Solar Cell Module Recovery Method (2)". The method of this patent is to combine the aforementioned organic solvent dissolution method and thermal cracking method. Therefore, there are both shortcomings at the same time.
有鑑於習用有上述缺點,發明人乃針對前述缺點研究改進之道,終於有本發明產生。In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of conventional use, the inventor researched and improved ways to address the above-mentioned shortcomings, and finally came to the present invention.
本發明主要目的在於,提供一種不需預先分離玻璃與太陽能電池組,而能於同一個反應裝置內同時處理的光電面板膠合物處理系統。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a photoelectric panel glue processing system that does not need to separate the glass and the solar cell group in advance, but can be processed simultaneously in the same reaction device.
本發明次要目的在於,提供一種同時斷鏈裂解碳化膠合物、背板與接線盒的光電面板膠合物處理系統。The secondary objective of the present invention is to provide a photoelectric panel glue processing system that simultaneously scission and cracks the carbonized glue, the back plate and the junction box.
本發明次要目的在於,提供一種無需添加溶劑、無明火的光電面板膠合物處理系統。The secondary objective of the present invention is to provide a photoelectric panel glue processing system that does not need to add solvent and has no open flame.
本發明再一目的在於,提供一種生成裂解油的光電面板膠合物處理系統。Another object of the present invention is to provide a photoelectric panel glue processing system that generates pyrolysis oil.
應先說明的是,廢棄的一光電面板拆除外部包覆的一金屬框架(Frame)與一接線盒(Junction Box),光電面板頂部的玻璃板(Glass Substrate)與底部的背板(Back sheet)之間是以一層膠合層(Encapsulant)黏合,且膠合層(Encapsulant)內部還黏著銅箔銲線(Ribbon)與太陽能電池(Solar Cell),所述光電面板膠合物處理系統將前述膠合層裂解並碳化,為達成上述目的及功效,本發明所採行的技術手段包括:一蒸氣鍋爐、一水離子反應器、一反應爐、一熱回收模組與一廢液處理模組,其中:It should be noted that a discarded photovoltaic panel removes a metal frame (Frame) and a junction box (Junction Box), the glass substrate at the top and the back sheet at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel. A layer of adhesive layer (Encapsulant) is used to bond between them, and the inside of the adhesive layer (Encapsulant) is also bonded with copper foil bonding wires (Ribbon) and solar cells (Solar Cell). The photoelectric panel glue processing system splits the aforementioned glue layer and combines Carbonization, in order to achieve the above objectives and effects, the technical means adopted by the present invention include: a steam boiler, a water ion reactor, a reaction furnace, a heat recovery module and a waste liquid treatment module, among which:
所述蒸氣鍋爐將水加熱後產生至少120度的一水蒸氣。The steam boiler heats the water to generate a water vapor of at least 120 degrees.
所述水離子反應器與前述蒸氣鍋爐連接,並設有一電磁加熱器,前述水蒸氣進入水離子反應器經電磁加熱器加熱,產生至少400度~650度的一氣體水離子。The water ion reactor is connected to the steam boiler and is provided with an electromagnetic heater. The water vapor enters the water ion reactor and is heated by the electromagnetic heater to generate a gas water ion of at least 400 degrees to 650 degrees.
所述反應爐與前述水離子反應器連接並導入氣體水離子,反應爐內部收容前述光電面板,氣體水離子將光電面板內的膠合層、背板斷鏈裂解碳化為碳渣。The reaction furnace is connected to the water ion reactor and introduces gas water ions, and the photoelectric panel is housed inside the reaction furnace. The gas water ions crack and carbonize the glue layer and the back plate in the photoelectric panel into carbon slag.
所述熱回收模組與前述反應爐、蒸氣鍋爐連接,反應爐內完成膠合層斷鏈裂解碳化後,經熱回收模組調節反應爐的壓力,將洩壓之氣體水離子經熱回收模組降溫成為熱水注入蒸氣鍋爐中。以及,所述廢液處理模組與前述反應爐連接,反應爐進行膠合層斷鏈裂解碳化過程後,因蒸氣溫度下降所產生的液態廢水經廢液處理模組回收後成為可排放的廢水。 The heat recovery module is connected to the aforementioned reaction furnace and steam boiler. After the bonding layer is broken and carbonized in the reaction furnace, the pressure of the reaction furnace is adjusted by the heat recovery module, and the pressure-relieved gas water ions are passed through the heat recovery module. The cooling becomes hot water and is injected into the steam boiler. And, the waste liquid treatment module is connected to the aforementioned reaction furnace, and after the reaction furnace undergoes the bonding layer scission cracking carbonization process, the liquid waste water generated due to the drop in steam temperature is recovered by the waste liquid treatment module and becomes dischargeable waste water.
藉此,去除金屬框架的光電面板放置在反應爐中,水經蒸氣鍋爐、水離子反應器轉為氣體水離子,則常壓、趨近無氧的反應爐中,氣體水離子將膠合層斷鏈裂解碳化為碳渣,藉此,達成不破壞光電面板的玻璃板並能完全除去膠合層與背板,令光電面板能夠輕易分離玻璃板、銅箔銲線、與太陽能電池的結構。 In this way, the photoelectric panel with the metal frame removed is placed in the reaction furnace, and the water is converted into gas water ions through the steam boiler and the water ion reactor, and the gas water ions will break the glue layer in the normal pressure and oxygen-free reaction furnace. Chain cleavage is carbonized into carbon slag, so as to achieve the structure without damaging the glass plate of the photovoltaic panel and completely remove the glue layer and back plate, so that the photovoltaic panel can easily separate the glass plate, copper foil bonding wire, and solar cell structure.
依上述結構,其中該水離子反應器至少包括:一金屬加熱管,一端具有一進氣管,另一端具有一排氣管,內部具有與進氣管、排氣管相通聯的一加熱空間。 According to the above structure, the water ion reactor at least includes a metal heating tube with an air inlet tube at one end and an exhaust tube at the other end, and a heating space communicating with the air inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe is provided inside.
依上述結構,其中該電磁加熱器至少包括:一金屬線圈,纏繞在前述金屬加熱管外壁;以及,一控制器,分別與前述金屬線圈兩端電性連接,藉此,控制器將電能傳輸到金屬線圈並產生磁場,令前述金屬加熱管與磁場感應產生渦電流(Eddy Current)並產生熱能,達成水蒸氣加熱為氣體水離子的結構。 According to the above structure, the electromagnetic heater includes at least: a metal coil wound on the outer wall of the metal heating tube; and, a controller, respectively, electrically connected to the two ends of the metal coil, whereby the controller transmits electric energy to The metal coil generates a magnetic field, so that the metal heating tube and the magnetic field induce an Eddy Current (Eddy Current) and generate heat energy to achieve a structure in which water vapor is heated to gas water ions.
依上述結構,更包括與前述反應爐連接的分撿模組,經氣體水離子斷鏈裂解碳化膠合層後的光電面板,輸送到分撿模組中,分撿模組將玻璃板、銅箔銲線、與太陽能電池分撿後歸類整理,達成簡化回收程序的結構。 According to the above structure, it further includes a sorting module connected to the aforementioned reaction furnace. The photoelectric panel after the carbonized glue layer is split by gas water ion chain scission is transported to the sorting module. The sorting module combines glass plates and copper foils. Weld wires and solar cells are sorted and sorted out to achieve a structure that simplifies the recycling process.
依上述結構,更包括一承載台,表面設有複數的支撐架,前述拆除金屬框架的光電面板放置在支撐架上,並將承載台推入前述反應爐中,達成氣 體水離子斷鏈裂解碳化膠合層與背板後,太陽能電池、銅箔銲線會因重量掉落收集在承載台的結構。 According to the above structure, it further includes a bearing platform with a plurality of support frames on the surface. The photoelectric panel from which the metal frame is removed is placed on the support frame, and the bearing platform is pushed into the reaction furnace to achieve gas After body water ion chain scission cracks the carbonized glue layer and the back plate, the solar cells and copper foil welding wires will fall and collect on the structure of the carrying platform due to the weight.
依上述結構,其中該熱回收模組至少包括一油水處理單元、與一廢氣處理單元,其中:所述水處理單元與前述反應爐與蒸氣鍋爐連接,前述膠合層與背板斷鏈裂解碳化過程中產生的一次廢氣,經油水處理單元分離為裂解油、熱水、與二次廢氣,以及,所述廢氣處理單元與前述油水處理單元連接並接收二次廢氣,二次廢氣處理後成為可排放的氣體。 According to the above structure, the heat recovery module includes at least an oil-water treatment unit and an exhaust gas treatment unit, wherein: the water treatment unit is connected with the aforementioned reaction furnace and the steam boiler, and the aforementioned glue layer and the back plate are chain-broken, cracked, and carbonized. The primary waste gas generated in the pyrolysis gas is separated into pyrolysis oil, hot water, and secondary waste gas by the oil-water treatment unit, and the waste gas treatment unit is connected to the aforementioned oil-water treatment unit and receives the secondary waste gas. gas.
依上述結構,其中該油水處理單元與反應爐之間設置一控制閥。 According to the above structure, a control valve is arranged between the oil-water treatment unit and the reaction furnace.
依上述結構,其中該油水處理單元與蒸氣鍋爐之間設置一幫浦。 According to the above structure, a pump is arranged between the oil-water treatment unit and the steam boiler.
依上述結構,其中該廢棄的光電面板拆除外部包覆的金屬框架,則反應爐內部收容包含有接線盒的光電面板,達成反應爐內進行膠合層、背板、與接線盒斷鏈裂解碳化的結構。 According to the above structure, in which the metal frame covering the outside of the waste photoelectric panel is removed, the photoelectric panel containing the junction box is housed in the reactor, so that the glue layer, the back plate, and the junction box are broken and carbonized in the reactor. structure.
為使本發明的上述目的、功效及特徵可獲得更具體的瞭解,依各附圖說明如下: In order to obtain a more detailed understanding of the above-mentioned objects, effects and features of the present invention, the descriptions are as follows according to the drawings:
1:蒸氣鍋爐 1: Steam boiler
2:水離子反應器 2: Water ion reactor
21:電磁加熱器 21: Electromagnetic heater
211:金屬線圈 211: Metal coil
212:控制器 212: Controller
22:金屬加熱管 22: Metal heating tube
221:進氣管 221: intake pipe
222:排氣管 222: Exhaust pipe
3:反應爐 3: reaction furnace
4:熱回收模組 4: Heat recovery module
41:油水分離單元 41: Oil-water separation unit
42:廢氣處理單元 42: Exhaust gas treatment unit
43:控制閥 43: control valve
44:幫浦 44: pump
45:裂解油 45: pyrolysis oil
5:廢液處理模組 5: Waste liquid treatment module
6:分撿模組 6: Sorting module
7:光電面板 7: Photoelectric panel
71:金屬框架 71: metal frame
72:玻璃板 72: glass plate
73:背板 73: Backplane
74:膠合層 74: Glue layer
75:銅箔銲線 75: Copper foil welding wire
76:太陽能電池 76: Solar cell
77:碳渣 77: Carbon residue
8:承載台 8: Bearing platform
81:支撐架 81: support frame
〔圖1〕是本發明較佳實施例的方塊圖。 [Figure 1] is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
〔圖2〕是本發明較佳實施例的動作示意圖一。 [Fig. 2] is the first schematic diagram of the operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
〔圖3〕是本發明較佳實施例的動作示意圖二。 [Figure 3] is the second schematic diagram of the action of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
〔圖4〕是本發明較佳實施例的動作示意圖三。 [Figure 4] is the third schematic diagram of the action of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
〔圖5〕是本發明較佳實施例的動作示意圖四。 [Figure 5] is a fourth schematic diagram of the action of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
〔圖6〕是本發明較佳實施例的進料示意圖。 [Figure 6] is a schematic diagram of the feeding of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
應說明的是,水有三態,不論是固態、液態或氣態,化學式都是H2O,液態的水加熱後成為氣態,稱作水蒸氣,隨著加熱溫度升高,水蒸氣會成為飽和蒸汽,當加熱的溫度超過了飽和溫度,此時的水蒸氣就是過熱蒸氣的型態。 It should be noted that water has three states, whether it is solid, liquid or gaseous, the chemical formula is H 2 O. Liquid water becomes gaseous after heating, called water vapor. As the heating temperature rises, water vapor becomes saturated steam. When the heating temperature exceeds the saturation temperature, the water vapor at this time is in the form of superheated vapor.
常用的名詞中,「過熱蒸氣」離子化之後,稱作「水蒸氣等離子體」,在維基百科或是網路搜尋引擎中,即有極多相關資料可知悉,在不同的網路搜尋引擎,如Google、Yáhoo、或bing中,搜尋「water vapor plasma superheated steam」或「水蒸気過熱水蒸気」,都可以找到許多「過熱蒸氣」(superheated steam/過熱水蒸気)解離為「水蒸氣等離子體」(water vapor plasma/水蒸気)的說明;所以,本案專利說明書的「氣體水離子」即是「水蒸氣等離子體」(water vapor plasma/水蒸気)。 In common nouns, "superheated vapor" is called "water vapor plasma" after being ionized. In Wikipedia or Internet search engines, there are a lot of relevant information available. In different Internet search engines, For example, in Google, Yáhoo, or bing, search for "water vapor plasma superheated steam" or "水蒸気 "Superheated steam", you can find many "superheated steam" (superheated steam/superheated steam) dissociate into "water vapor plasma" (water vapor plasma) ); therefore, the "gas water ion" in the patent specification of this case is "water vapor plasma" (water vapor plasma) ).
請參閱圖1至圖5,廢棄的一光電面板7拆除外部包覆的一金屬框架71(Frame),光電面板7頂部的玻璃板72(Glass Substrate)與底部的背板73(Back sheet)之間是以一膠合層74(Encapsulant)黏合,且膠合層74內部還黏著銅箔銲線75(Ribbon)與太陽能電池76(Solar Cell),所述光電面板7膠合物處理系統在常壓且趨近無氧的狀態下,將前述膠合層74、背板73裂解並碳化成碳渣77;應注意的是,光電面板7的結構更包含了一接線盒(Junction Box),在後述的各項實施例中,是採用光電面板7同時拆除金屬框架71與接線盒的實施例來
說明,但本案可依照實際建造、使用時的需求,拆除或保留接線盒,即接線盒是可以跟膠合層74、背板73一併進行斷鏈裂解碳化的步驟。
Please refer to Figures 1 to 5, a discarded
本發明至少包括:一蒸氣鍋爐1、一水離子反應器2、一反應爐3、一熱回收模組4、一廢液處理模組5與一分撿模組6,其中:所述蒸氣鍋爐1將水加熱後產生至少120度的一水蒸氣。
The present invention at least includes: a steam boiler 1, a
所述水離子反應器2與前述蒸氣鍋爐1連接,並設有一金屬加熱管22與一電磁加熱器21;其中,金屬加熱管22一端具有一進氣管221,另一端具有一排氣管222,內部具有與進氣管221、排氣管222相通聯的一加熱空間,且進氣管221與前述蒸氣鍋爐1連接;以及,電磁加熱器21具有一金屬線圈211而纏繞在前述金屬加熱管22外壁,且一控制器212分別與前述金屬線圈211兩端電性連接,藉此,控制器212將電能傳輸到金屬線圈211並產生磁場,令前述金屬加熱管22與磁場感應產生渦電流(Eddy Current)並產生熱能,達成水蒸氣加熱為至少400度~650度的一氣體水離子。
The
所述反應爐3與前述水離子反應器2連接並導入氣體水離子,反應爐3內部收容光電面板7,氣體水離子將光電面板7中的膠合層74、背板73斷鏈裂解碳化為碳渣77,同時,產生廢液與一次廢氣。
The reaction furnace 3 is connected to the aforementioned
所述熱回收模組4與前述反應爐3、蒸氣鍋爐1連接,反應爐3內完成膠合層74與背板73斷鏈裂解碳化後,經後述控制閥43調節反應爐3的壓力,將洩壓的氣體水離子經熱回收模組4降溫成為熱水注入蒸氣鍋爐1中,熱回收模組4包括:一油水處理單元41、一廢氣處理單元42、一控制閥43與一幫浦44,其中:
所述油水處理單元41一端依序連接控制閥43與前述反應爐3,另一端依序連接幫浦44與蒸氣鍋爐2,前述一次廢氣經油水處理單元41分離為裂解油、熱水、與初步處理後的二次廢氣;所述廢氣處理單元42與前述油水處理單元41連接並接收二次廢氣,二次廢氣處理後成為可排放的氣體;反應爐3進行斷鏈裂解碳化時,內部是趨近無氧的狀態,且氣體水離子的溫度為450度~650度,則膠合層74與背板73中的長鏈狀有機化合物除了成為碳渣77之外,會同時分解成較小分子結構的氣體副產物(例如:石油氣),當反應爐3完成斷鏈裂解碳化後開啟控制閥43,此時,將洩壓的氣體副產物、殘餘的氣體水離子進入油水處理單元41,經降溫、分離後取得熱水與裂解油45,熱水蒐集到一定的量之後,經幫浦44回收到蒸氣鍋爐1再利用,而回收後的裂解油45經蒸餾、冷凝等處理程序成為燃料油品;應注意的是,例如塑膠等有機化合物熱裂解並冷凝後成為裂解油45的技術,並非本案技術特徵,且為行之有年的回收技術,但,本發明相較於現有的太陽能光電板回收技術,不僅能夠回收一次廢氣中有用的氣體副產物,更進一步效地降低廢氣的排放量,而能夠增加本系統之使用效益。
The
所述廢液處理模組5與前述反應爐3連接,反應爐3進行膠合層74與背板73斷鏈裂解碳化過程中,產生的液態廢水經廢液處理模組5回收後成為可排放的廢水。
The waste
所述分撿模組6與前述反應爐3連接,經氣體水離子斷鏈裂解碳化背板73與膠合層74後的光電面板7輸送到分撿模組3,於分撿模組3可直接將玻璃板72先取出,剩餘之銅箔銲線75、太陽能電池76、碳渣77因重量尺寸明顯不同,可簡易篩檢後歸類整理,達成簡化回收程序的結構。
The
本發明進行背板73與膠合層74斷鏈裂解碳化前,先將光電面板7外部的金屬框架71拆除,然後光電面板7放置在反應爐3內;接著,蒸氣鍋爐1先將水加熱成至少120度的水蒸氣,經進氣管21進入金屬加熱管22內,此時,啟動控制器212產生高頻電流通過金屬線圈211,金屬加熱管22受渦電流產生熱能,水蒸氣被加熱到至少400度~650度,成為氣體水離子經排氣管222進入反應爐3,則常壓、趨近無氧的反應爐3中,氣體水離子將背板73與膠合層74斷鏈裂解碳化為碳渣77,由於是即時的熱裂解反應,背板73與膠合層63接觸到氣體水離子後,短時間內就斷鏈裂解碳化為碳渣77,所以,背板73與膠合層63逐漸斷鏈裂解碳化為碳渣77過程中,雖然玻璃板72會因為與膠合層73的熱膨脹係數不同而產生熱變形,但玻璃板72不會破裂;藉此,達成不破壞光電面板7的玻璃板72並能完全除去背板73與膠合層74,令光電面板能夠輕易分離玻璃板72、銅箔銲線75、與太陽能電池76的結構。
Before carrying out the chain scission cracking and carbonization of the
上述過程中,反應爐3會同時產生一次廢氣與廢液,則廢液處理模組5經沉澱、過濾、曝氣、中和等程序,將廢液處理後成流放水排出;而一次廢氣進入熱回收模組4之後,油水分離單元41將一次廢氣中的氣體副產物(例如石油氣)、殘餘的氣體水離子降溫並分離,產生熱水、裂解油45與二次廢氣,則熱水機幫浦44輸送到蒸氣鍋爐1中再利用,二次廢氣經廢氣處理單元42處理後對外排出,以及,裂解油45經蒸餾、冷凝等處理程序成為燃料油品。
In the above process, the reaction furnace 3 will produce both waste gas and waste liquid at the same time, and the waste
請參閱圖1與圖6,光電面板7拆除金屬框架71後,在進入反應爐3之前,可以先放置在一承載台8上,乘載台8頂面間隔設置複數的支撐架81,在一個較佳的實施例中,前述光電面板7呈傾斜狀放置在支撐架81之間,玻璃板72抵
靠在支撐架81,光電面板7底端抵靠在支撐架81的底部,則乘載台8移入反應爐3並進行膠合層74、背板73斷鏈裂解碳化的過程中,碳渣77、銅箔錫線75、太陽能電池76會因為本身重量的關係,自然落下並集中在乘載台8的表面,接著在完成斷鏈裂解碳化後,便可將乘載台8從反應爐3移出,然後由分撿模組6將玻璃板72、銅箔銲線75、太陽能電池76與碳渣77分離。
1 and 6, after the
在一個較佳的實施例中,分撿模組6可以設有機器手背、或自動控制的夾具,卸下乘載台8上面的玻璃板72,而掉落在乘載台8上的銅箔銲線75、太陽能電池76與碳渣77,因為在前述斷鏈裂解碳化的過程中,並不會損壞其結構,所以,可以透過孔洞篩選、重量篩選等方式,將銅箔銲線75、太陽能電池76與碳渣77各自分離。
In a preferred embodiment, the
綜合以上所述,本發明的光電面板膠合物處理系統確實為一具新穎性及進步性的發明,爰依法提出申請發明專利;惟上述說明的內容,僅為本發明的較佳實施例說明,舉凡依本發明的技術手段與範疇所延伸的變化、修飾、改變或等效置換者,亦皆應落入本發明的專利申請範圍內。 Based on the above, the photoelectric panel glue processing system of the present invention is indeed a novel and progressive invention, and a patent for invention was filed according to law; however, the content of the above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. Any changes, modifications, alterations or equivalent replacements extended according to the technical means and scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of the patent application of the present invention.
1:蒸氣鍋爐 1: Steam boiler
2:水離子反應器 2: Water ion reactor
21:電磁加熱器 21: Electromagnetic heater
211:金屬線圈 211: Metal coil
212:控制器 212: Controller
22:金屬加熱管 22: Metal heating tube
221:進氣管 221: intake pipe
222:排氣管 222: Exhaust pipe
3:反應爐 3: reaction furnace
4:熱回收模組 4: Heat recovery module
41:油水分離單元 41: Oil-water separation unit
42:廢氣處理單元 42: Exhaust gas treatment unit
43:控制閥 43: control valve
44:幫浦 44: pump
45:裂解油 45: pyrolysis oil
5:廢液處理模組 5: Waste liquid treatment module
6:分撿模組 6: Sorting module
7:光電面板 7: Photoelectric panel
71:金屬框架 71: metal frame
72:玻璃板 72: glass plate
73:背板 73: Backplane
74:膠合層 74: Glue layer
75:銅箔銲線 75: Copper foil welding wire
76:太陽能電池 76: Solar cell
77:碳渣 77: Carbon residue
Claims (9)
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WO2010019829A1 (en) * | 2008-08-13 | 2010-02-18 | Robert Stancel | Impact resistant thin-glass solar modules |
TW201543704A (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2015-11-16 | Stichting Energie | Solar panel and method for manufacturing the same, and wall covering element including the solar panel |
WO2016043969A1 (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-03-24 | Enki Technology, Inc. | Glass coating specification library |
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WO2010019829A1 (en) * | 2008-08-13 | 2010-02-18 | Robert Stancel | Impact resistant thin-glass solar modules |
TW201543704A (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2015-11-16 | Stichting Energie | Solar panel and method for manufacturing the same, and wall covering element including the solar panel |
WO2016043969A1 (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-03-24 | Enki Technology, Inc. | Glass coating specification library |
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TWI783429B (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2022-11-11 | 行政院原子能委員會核能研究所 | Apparatus for recycling photovoltaic module through thermal cracking of plasma |
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