TWI718692B - 用於織物的數位印花製程的可噴塗撥水型墨水與撥水織物 - Google Patents

用於織物的數位印花製程的可噴塗撥水型墨水與撥水織物 Download PDF

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TWI718692B
TWI718692B TW108135946A TW108135946A TWI718692B TW I718692 B TWI718692 B TW I718692B TW 108135946 A TW108135946 A TW 108135946A TW 108135946 A TW108135946 A TW 108135946A TW I718692 B TWI718692 B TW I718692B
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蔡榮裕
林嘉儀
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財團法人紡織產業綜合研究所
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Abstract

一種用於織物的數位印花製程的可噴塗撥水型墨水，包括25重量份至35重量份的撥水劑、15重量份至25重量份的保濕劑、0.5重量份至2重量份的界面活性劑，以及35重量份至60重量份的溶劑。撥水劑的pH值介於1.5至6之間，在20℃至25℃時，比重介於0.8至1.5之間。

Description

用於織物的數位印花製程的可噴塗撥水型墨水與撥水織物
本揭示內容是關於一種可噴塗撥水型墨水，且特別是關於一種用於織物的數位印花製程的可噴塗撥水型墨水，及一種經所述墨水噴塗的撥水織物。
近年來，人們對家庭休閒與健康的意識逐漸提升，故消費者對於機能性織物的需求亦隨之增加。其中一種廣受消費者喜愛的機能性織物是撥水織物，其不但能抵禦輕微雨水，又能夠兼具透氣的效果，從而使得身體能保持乾爽，因此如何對於織物進行撥水處理是近年來後整理加工技術最重要的發展之一。然而，傳統的撥水塗布處理(例如網版法、輥筒法、壓吸法及泡沫法)，由於其製程限制，存在藥劑利用率較低、無法穩定加工、撥水塗層厚度過高、打樣時間冗長、撥水塗層不易均勻分布、及織物品質不穩定等問題。
本揭示內容的可噴塗撥水型墨水，用於織物的數位印花製程，且包括25重量份至35重量份的撥水劑、15重量份至25重量份的保濕劑、0.5重量份至2重量份的界面活性劑，以及35重量份至60重量份的溶劑，其中撥水劑的pH值介於1.5至6之間，在20℃至25℃時，比重介於0.8至1.5之間。
在一些實施方式中，撥水劑包括氟基撥水劑、聚氨酯撥水劑、矽基撥水劑、蠟質類撥水劑或其組合。
在一些實施方式中，撥水劑是水性氟碳聚合撥水劑，且含量為29重量份至30重量份。
在一些實施方式中，撥水劑是烷基聚氨酯撥水劑，且含量為25重量份至30重量份。
在一些實施方式中，可噴塗撥水型墨水的表面張力介於25mN/m至35mN/m之間。
在一些實施方式中，可噴塗撥水型墨水的黏度介於1cP至5cP之間。
在一些實施方式中，可噴塗撥水型墨水的撥水劑、保濕劑及界面活性劑的粒徑(D90)各自介於0.001μm至1μm之間。
在一些實施方式中，保濕劑包括甘油及三甘醇，且甘油的重量及三甘醇的重量的比值為1.8~2.2。
在一些實施方式中，可噴塗撥水型墨水更包括增稠劑、pH值調整劑、抑菌劑或其組合。
本揭示內容的撥水織物包括聚酯基布及撥水層。聚酯基布具有相對的第一表面及第二表面。撥水層配置在第一表面上。撥水層是將前述任一實施方式的可噴塗撥水型墨水藉由數位印花製程噴塗在第一表面上，其中第一表面的撥水度大於或等於85。
參考以下描述和所附權利要求，可更理解本揭示內容的這些和其他特徵、特點和優點。
應該理解的是，前述的一般性描述和下列具體說明僅僅是示例性和解釋性的，並旨在提供所要求的本發明的進一步說明。
在本文中，由「一數值至另一數值」表示的範圍，是一種避免在說明書中一一列舉該範圍中的所有數值的概要性表示方式。因此，某一特定數值範圍的記載，涵蓋該數值範圍內的任意數值以及由該數值範圍內的任意數值界定出的較小數值範圍，如同在說明書中明文寫出該任意數值和該較小數值範圍一樣。
本文使用的「約」、「近似」、「本質上」、或「實質上」包括所述值和在本領域普通技術人員確定的特定值的可接受的偏差範圍內的平均值，考慮到所討論的測量和與測量相關的誤差的特定數量(即，測量系統的限制)。 例如，「約」可以表示在所述值的一個或多個標準偏差內，或例如±30%、±20%、±15%、±10%、±5%內。再者，本文使用的「約」、「近似」、「本質上」、或「實質上」可依量測性質、塗布性質或其它性質，來選擇較可接受的偏差範圍或標準偏差，而可不用一個標準偏差適用全部性質。
為了解決先前技術所提及的問題，本揭示內容提供一種可噴塗撥水型墨水及一種撥水織物。可噴塗撥水型墨水可藉由數位印花製程噴塗在基布上，從而形成撥水織物。數位印花製程是一種非連續相的塗布方式，噴墨設備的噴頭不會接觸被加工的織物。數位印花製程具有精準定位、藥劑高使用率、減少廢棄物排放、低製程能耗、有效降低成本、及可小批量快速打樣等優點。
此外，數位印花製程可透過不同功能性塗層設計、局部塗布及表裡多層次塗布，拓展加工織物的應用性，且能夠解決傳統藥劑互相干擾而使塗層機能下降的問題。織物整理廠、織物塗布廠、織物表面加工業者可利用本揭示內容的可噴塗撥水型墨水進行織物噴墨塗布、噴墨整理、精密塗布、表面改質、及表裏差異化處理等。
本揭示內容的可噴塗撥水型墨水包括25重量份至35重量份的撥水劑、15重量份至25重量份的保濕劑、0.5重量份至2重量份的界面活性劑，以及35重量份至60重量份的溶劑，其中撥水劑的pH值介於1.5至6之間，在20℃至25℃時，比重介於0.8至1.5之間。pH值例如是2、2.5、3、3.5、4、4.5、5或5.5。比重例如是0.9、1.0、1.1、1.2、 1.3或1.4。
在一些實施方式中，撥水劑可包括氟素樹脂型撥水劑、非氟素樹脂型撥水劑、或其組合。舉例來說，撥水劑包括氟基撥水劑、聚氨酯撥水劑、矽基撥水劑、蠟質類撥水劑或其組合。在一些實施方式中，撥水劑例如是水性氟碳聚合撥水劑，且含量為29重量份至30重量份。在另一些實施方式中，撥水劑例如是烷基聚氨酯撥水劑，且含量為25重量份至30重量份。
在一些實施方式中，可噴塗撥水型墨水的表面張力介於25mN/m至35mN/m之間。表面張力例如是26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33或34mN/m。在一些實施方式中，可噴塗撥水型墨水的黏度介於1cP至5cP之間(利用Brookfield DV2T黏度計量測)。黏度例如是2、3或4cP。當可噴塗撥水型墨水的表面張力或黏度在前述範圍時，可噴塗撥水型墨水具有良好噴墨性，可順暢地被噴墨設備噴出，且不易使噴口發生阻塞。
在一些實施方式中，可噴塗撥水型墨水的撥水劑、保濕劑及界面活性劑的粒徑(D90)各自可介於0.001μm至1μm之間。粒徑例如是0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8或0.9μm。當前述成分的粒徑在前述範圍時，可噴塗撥水型墨水具有良好噴墨性，可順暢地被噴墨設備噴出，且不易使噴口發生阻塞。
在一些實施方式中，保濕劑包括甘油及三甘醇，且甘油的重量及三甘醇的重量的比值為1.8~2.2。比值 例如是1.9、2.0或2.1。當甘油的重量及三甘醇的重量的比值在前述範圍時，可噴塗撥水型墨水具有較佳的安定性，不易老化熟成。舉例來說，本揭示內容的可噴塗撥水型墨水可常溫保存達4個月。
在一些實施方式中，界面活性劑包括2,4,7,9-四甲基-5-癸炔-4,7-二醇乙氧基化合物、聚醚改性有機矽氧烷或其組合。可噴塗撥水型墨水的表面張力可藉由界面活性劑來調整。
在一些實施方式中，可噴塗撥水型墨水更包括增稠劑、pH值調整劑、抑菌劑或其組合。
本揭示內容的撥水織物，其包括聚酯基布及撥水層。聚酯基布具有相對的第一表面及第二表面。撥水層配置在第一表面上。撥水層是將前述任一實施方式的可噴塗撥水型墨水藉由數位印花製程噴塗在第一表面上。在一些實施方式中，藉由AATCC 22量測所述第一表面，可得第一表面的撥水度大於或等於85。舉例來說，可噴塗撥水型墨水可藉由按需滴液(drop on demand)噴墨機噴塗在聚酯基布上，按需滴液噴墨機的類型例如是壓電式、熱氣泡式、閥門式或靜電式。
在一些實施方式中，可噴塗撥水型墨水的噴塗量介於0.5gsm至3.5gsm之間，但不限於此。噴塗量例如是1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5或3.0gsm。藉由調整噴塗量，可調整撥水織物的撥水度。
在一些實施方式中，撥水層完全覆蓋聚酯基 布，以使得聚酯基布的第一表面具有全面疏水的效果。在一些實施方式中，以10個像素的標準噴塗墨水於聚酯基布的第一表面上，使撥水層點狀分布在聚酯基布的第一表面上，未被撥水層覆蓋的第一表面則可經親水加工處理而具有親水性。因此，藉由數位印花製程可輕易調整撥水織物的疏水性質，從而使撥水織物具有廣泛應用性。在一些實施方式中，聚酯基布的第二表面不噴塗任何可噴塗撥水型墨水，以使得撥水織物的兩面可具有不同的撥水度。相較於傳統的撥水塗布處理，數位印花製程可輕易形成兩面具不同疏水性的撥水織物，故可解決傳統上表裡異機能織物品質不穩定的問題。
在一些實施方式中，撥水織物可以應用來製成例如衣服、外套、或褲子等服飾。舉例來說，可將撥水織物製成能提供適度防水且具有透氣功能的紡織品，以使其具有良好的水分傳導性能，且紡織品例如是風衣或夾克等產品。
下文將參照實驗例1至實驗例3，更具體地描述本發明的特徵。雖然描述了以下實施例，但是在不逾越本發明範疇之情況下，可適當地改變所用材料、其量及比率、處理細節以及處理流程等等。因此，不應由下文所述之實施例對本發明作出限制性地解釋。
在以下實驗例中，選用撥水劑1、撥水劑2及撥水劑3調配可噴塗撥水型墨水。
撥水劑1：烷基聚氨酯撥水劑，pH值介於3至6之間，在20℃時，比重是1.0。
撥水劑2：水性氟碳聚合撥水劑，pH值介於2至5之間，在25℃時，比重是1.1。
撥水劑3：水性氟碳聚合撥水劑，pH值是2.5，在20℃時，比重介於1.07至1.17之間。
實驗例1：調配可噴塗撥水型墨水並進行評估
調配實施例1、2及3的可噴塗撥水型墨水，成分如以下表一所列，其中界面活性劑465及界面活性劑348購自美國空氣產品(Air Products)公司。利用Epson L310印表機噴塗墨水進行測試，實施例1、2及3的可噴塗撥水型墨水的墨水參數落於如以下表二所列範圍。
Figure 108135946-A0101-12-0008-1
Figure 108135946-A0101-12-0009-2
Figure 108135946-A0101-12-0009-3
由表二可知，實施例1、2及3的可噴塗撥水型墨水的各項墨水參數，表面張力、pH值、黏度以及墨水所含成分(撥水劑、保濕劑及界面活性劑)的粒徑(D90)，皆落於適合噴塗的區間。
實驗例2：加速老化實驗
對實施例1、2及3的可噴塗撥水型墨水進行加速老化實驗，在50℃下保存可噴塗撥水型墨水7天，測量實驗前後表面張力、黏度及墨水所含成分(撥水劑、保濕劑及界面活性劑)的粒徑(D90)的變化，測量結果請參以下表三。
Figure 108135946-A0101-12-0009-4
Figure 108135946-A0101-12-0010-5
由以上表三可知，實施例1、2及3的可噴塗撥水型墨水經加速老化實驗後，表面張力、黏度及墨水所含成分的粒徑(D90)的變化不大，墨水仍適於噴塗。由此可知，本實驗例的墨水具有良好安定性，不易老化熟成。
實驗例3：撥水織物評估
利用Epson L310印表機，將實施例1及3的可噴塗撥水型墨水噴塗於聚酯基布(基重：43.8gsm，纖維規格：20d/24f，經紗密度：226根/英寸，緯紗密度180根/英寸，聚酯基布是高密度織物)的表面上，以製成撥水織物1至撥水織物4，再測試其疏水效果撥水織物1至撥水織物4的噴塗方式及評估方式請參以下表四，其中撥水度的測試方法是AATCC 22。
Figure 108135946-A0101-12-0010-6
Figure 108135946-A0101-12-0011-7
由表四可知，可透過噴塗方式及次數來調整撥水織物的疏水效果。並且，本實驗例的可噴塗撥水型墨水可使撥水織物具良好撥水度。值得注意的是，在撥水織物2中，撥水層會點狀分布在聚酯基布的塗布面上，因此，有部分的塗布面未被撥水層覆蓋而相對具有親水效果，且非塗布面亦相對具有親水效果，因此，撥水織物2可應用於製作需具排汗效果的服飾，使塗布面靠近皮膚，則汗水可透過未被撥水層覆蓋的部分所造成的芯吸現象而被傳導到非塗布面排出，從而使得皮膚維持乾爽。
儘管已經參考某些實施方式相當詳細地描述了本發明，但是亦可能有其他實施方式。因此，所附申請專利範圍的精神和範圍不應限於此處包含的實施方式的描述。
雖然本發明已以實施方式揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內，當可作些許的更動與潤飾， 故本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。

Claims (7)

  1. 一種可噴塗撥水型墨水，用於織物的數位印花製程，包括：25重量份至35重量份的撥水劑，所述撥水劑包括氟基撥水劑、聚氨酯撥水劑、矽基撥水劑、蠟質類撥水劑或其組合；15重量份至25重量份的保濕劑，所述保濕劑包括甘油及三甘醇，且所述甘油的重量及所述三甘醇的重量的比值為1.8~2.2；0.5重量份至2重量份的界面活性劑，所述界面活性劑包括2,4,7,9-四甲基-5-癸炔-4,7-二醇乙氧基化合物；以及35重量份至60重量份的溶劑，所述溶劑包括水，其中所述撥水劑的pH值介於1.5至6之間，在20℃至25℃時，所述撥水劑的比重介於0.8至1.5之間，且所述可噴塗撥水型墨水的黏度介於1cP至5cP之間。
  2. 如請求項1所述的可噴塗撥水型墨水，其中所述撥水劑是水性氟碳聚合撥水劑，且含量為29重量份至30重量份。
  3. 如請求項1所述的可噴塗撥水型墨水，其中所述撥水劑是烷基聚氨酯撥水劑，且含量為25重量份至30重量份。
  4. 如請求項1所述的可噴塗撥水型墨水，其中所述可噴塗撥水型墨水的表面張力介於25mN/m至35mN/m之間。
  5. 如請求項1所述的可噴塗撥水型墨水，其中所述可噴塗撥水型墨水的所述撥水劑、所述保濕劑及所述界面活性劑的粒徑(D90)各自介於0.001μm至1μm之間。
  6. 如請求項1所述的可噴塗撥水型墨水，更包括增稠劑、pH值調整劑、抑菌劑或其組合。
  7. 一種撥水織物，包括：聚酯基布，具有相對的第一表面及第二表面；以及撥水層，配置在所述第一表面上，所述撥水層是將如請求項1至6任一項所述的可噴塗撥水型墨水藉由所述數位印花製程噴塗在所述第一表面上，其中所述第一表面的撥水度大於或等於85。
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