這裡將詳細地對示例性實施例進行說明，其示例表示在圖式中。下面的描述涉及圖式時，除非另有表示，不同圖式中的相同數字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性實施例中所描述的實施方式並不代表與本說明書一個或多個實施例相一致的所有實施方式。相反，它們僅是與如所附申請專利範圍中所詳述的、本說明書一個或多個實施例的一些方面相一致的裝置和方法的例子。
需要說明的是：在其他實施例中並不一定按照本說明書示出和描述的順序來執行相應方法的步驟。在一些其他實施例中，其方法所包括的步驟可以比本說明書所描述的更多或更少。此外，本說明書中所描述的單個步驟，在其他實施例中可能被分解為多個步驟進行描述；而本說明書中所描述的多個步驟，在其他實施例中也可能被合併為單個步驟進行描述。
圖1是一示例性實施例提供的一種停車收費系統的架構示意圖。如圖1所示，該系統可以包括支付終端11、停車場扣款終端12和伺服器13。
支付終端11安裝於車輛上，比如該支付終端11可以固定在車輛的前機艙中、擋風玻璃內側或其他位置，使得該支付終端11與車輛之間實現實體綁定。停車場扣款終端12安裝於停車場的出入口處，比如該停車場扣款終端12可以固定在出入口的欄杆上。伺服器13可以為包含一獨立主機的實體伺服器，或者該伺服器13可以為主機集群承載的虛擬伺服器，本說明書並不對此進行限制。
支付終端11可以針對車輛內的駕駛員，動態地將該支付終端11的終端標識與該駕駛員的支付帳號進行綁定，使得車輛內的駕駛員發生更換後，支付終端11的終端標識所綁定的支付帳號也可以隨之發生變化，確保最終的停車費用能夠從車輛內的真實駕駛員的支付帳號中扣除。
支付終端11可以藉由網路14與停車場扣款終端12之間實現通信連接。為了使得停車場扣款終端12能夠對支付終端11進行感應，以識別出該支付終端11所屬車輛駛入或駛出停車場的行為，因而支付終端11與停車場扣款終端12之間可以建立近場通信連接，比如該近場通信連接可以基於BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy，藍芽低能量)、ZigBee、WIFI等通信協定而實現，本說明書並不對此進行限制。
在識別出停車場扣款終端12後，支付終端11可以將自身的終端標識發送至該停車場扣款終端12；例如，支付終端11可以藉由上述的近場通信連接實現對該終端標識的發送操作。而停車場扣款終端12根據識別到支付終端11的地理位置，藉由網路14向伺服器13發送第一入場訊息或第一離場訊息，比如該網路14可以包括公用交換電話網路(Public Switched Telephone Network，PSTN)和網際網路；其中，當停車場扣款終端12在停車場入口處識別到支付終端11時，停車場扣款終端12可以向伺服器13發送第一入場訊息，而當停車場扣款終端12在停車場出口處識別到支付終端11時，停車場扣款終端12可以向伺服器13發送第一離場訊息。
其中，第一入場訊息、第一離場訊息中均可以包含：支付終端11的終端標識、停車場扣款終端12所處停車場的停車場標識；其中，根據終端標識與車輛上駕駛員的支付帳號之間的綁定關係，伺服器13可以獲知該支付終端11的終端標識對應的支付帳號，而停車場標識可以用於區分車輛所在的停車場，以便於確定所採用的計費標準(例如免繳停車費時間長度、單位時間長度內的繳費數額、單日最高繳費數額等)。
因此，伺服器13可以根據接收到的第一入場訊息確定出車輛駛入停車場並記錄相應的入場時刻，根據接收到的第一離場訊息確定車輛駛出停車場並記錄相應的離場時刻；以及，伺服器13可以根據入場時刻、離場時刻和停車場的計費標準，從車輛中駕駛員的支付帳號中扣除停車費用。可見，一方面車輛在駛出停車場時可以實現自動扣款、無需駕駛員手動繳費，另一方面可以確保從車輛中駕駛員的支付帳號中扣款、而並不總是從車主的支付帳號中扣款。
在一實施例中，伺服器13可以在接收到第一入場訊息時，確定支付終端11所在的車輛確實已經或需要駛入停車場，並記錄該車輛的入場時刻T1，比如該入場時刻T1可以為第一入場訊息的接收時刻。類似地，伺服器13可以在接收到第一離場訊息時，確定支付終端11所在的車輛確實已經或需要駛離停車場，並記錄該車輛的離場時刻T2，比如該離場時刻T2可以為第二入場訊息的接收時刻。因此，伺服器13可以基於該入場時刻T1和離場時刻T2，確定車輛的實際停車時間長度並扣除相應的停車費用。
在一實施例中，停車場扣款終端12在識別出支付終端11時，可以向該支付終端11發送停車場標識，比如可以基於上述的近場通信連接來傳輸該停車場標識。然後，支付終端11可以在駛入停車場時向伺服器13發送第二入場訊息、在駛出停車場時向伺服器13發送第二離場訊息，其中第二入場訊息、第二離場訊息中均包含支付終端11的終端標識和停車場的停車場標識。
其中，由於第一入場訊息來源於停車場扣款終端12、第二入場訊息來源於支付終端11，因而該第一入場訊息和第二入場訊息可以實現相互驗證，使得伺服器13可以確定該支付終端11所在的車輛確實已經或需要駛入停車場，而並非停車場扣款終端12或支付終端11的誤報，因而伺服器13可以記錄相應的入場時刻T1，比如該入場時刻T1可以為第一入場訊息的接收時刻或第二入場訊息的接收時刻等。類似地，由於第一離場訊息來源於停車場扣款終端12、第二離場訊息來源於支付終端11，因而該第一離場訊息和第二離場訊息可以實現相互驗證，使得伺服器13可以確定該支付終端11所在的車輛確實已經或需要駛離停車場，而並非停車場扣款終端12或支付終端11的誤報，因而伺服器13可以記錄相應的離場時刻T2，比如該離場時刻T2可以為第一離場訊息的接收時刻或第二離場訊息的接收時刻等。因此，伺服器13可以基於該入場時刻T1和離場時刻T2，確定車輛的實際停車時間長度並扣除相應的停車費用。
在一實施例中，支付終端11可以藉由與預設距離內的電子設備建立第二近場通信連接，比如該第二近場通信連接可以基於BLE、ZigBee、WIFI等通信協定建立，本說明書並不對此進行限制。因此，當車輛內的駕駛員攜帶的手機等電子設備處於該預設距離內時，支付終端11可以與該電子設備建立第二近場通信連接，並藉由該第二近場通信連接獲取該電子設備上登入的支付帳號的資訊，即該駕駛員的支付帳號。
在一實施例中，當駕駛員攜帶的電子設備首次與支付終端11建立連接時，需要由駕駛員進行授權後，電子設備與支付終端11才能夠建立第二近場通信連接，或者支付終端11才能夠獲得該電子設備上登入的支付帳號。在非首次建立連接時，電子設備與支付終端11可以靜默建立第二近場通信連接，且支付終端11能夠靜默獲得該電子設備上登入的支付帳號。
在一實施例中，支付終端11在車輛上的安裝位置可以相對更靠近駕駛員座；因此，當檢測到多台電子設備時，支付終端11可以將距離最近的電子設備判定為歸屬於車輛的駕駛員。例如，支付終端11可以分別各個電子設備對應的RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indicator)取值大小，確定相應的間隔距離大小；其中，RSSI取值大小與間隔距離大小之間呈負相關的關係，即支付終端11可以將RSSI取值最大的電子設備判定為歸屬於駕駛員。
在一實施例中，車輛內可以安裝有指紋採集設備、人臉採集設備、虹膜採集設備等任意一種或多種生理特徵採集設備，支付終端11可以將生理特徵採集設備採集到的生理特徵上傳至伺服器13進行識別，以確定駕駛員的身份資訊。進一步地，可以根據支付終端11或伺服器13上預先記錄的各個支付帳號與身份資訊之間的對應關係，確定該駕駛員的支付帳號。
在一實施例中，停車場扣款終端12可以包括設置於入口處的第一裝置、設置於出口處的第二裝置。當第一裝置識別到支付終端11時，可以確定該支付終端11所屬的車輛將要駛入停車場；當第二裝置識別到支付終端11時，可以確定該支付終端11所屬的車輛將要駛離停車場。
其中，第一裝置可以朝向停車場外部進行信號收發、第二裝置可以朝向停車場內部進行信號收發，使得第一裝置僅能識別駛入停車場的車輛上的支付終端11、第二裝置僅能識別駛離停車場的車輛上的支付終端11，避免發生串擾。
在一實施例中，伺服器13可以將第一入場訊息、第二入場訊息、第一離場訊息和第二離場訊息分別記錄至分散式帳本中，可以提升這些訊息的可靠性。例如，該分散式帳本可以包括基於區塊鏈的帳本或基於IOTA的Tangle(纏結)帳本等，本說明書並不對此進行限制。
在一實施例中，伺服器13可以藉由調取用於扣款的智慧型合約，使得該智慧型合約運行後，可以從綁定至終端標識的支付帳號中扣除停車費用，即扣款過程由智慧型合約自動實施完成，有助於保證駕駛員的支付帳號的安全性。當然，伺服器13也可以藉由其他方式完成扣款，本說明書並不對此進行限制。
在一實施例中，支付終端11可以用於採集駕駛行為資訊，並向伺服器13發送駕駛行為報告訊息，該駕駛行為報告訊息中可以包含駕駛行為資訊和終端標識，並且由於終端標識與駕駛員的支付帳號已經綁定，因而伺服器13可以確定該駕駛行為資訊屬於車輛上的駕駛員，並藉由將相關資訊記錄至分散式帳本中，供後續查詢使用。例如，可以根據駕駛行為資訊對駕駛員進行後續追責，而避免完全由車輛的車主進行承擔；再例如，保險公司可以藉由調取該駕駛員的駕駛行為資訊，作為該駕駛員的保險定價的依據。
圖2是一示例性實施例提供的一種停車收費方法的流程圖。如圖2所示，該方法應用於安裝在車輛上的支付終端(例如圖1所示的支付終端11)，該方法可以包括：
步驟202，確定所述車輛的駕駛員的支付帳號被綁定至所述支付終端的終端標識。
在一實施例中，支付終端可以針對車輛內的駕駛員，動態地將該支付終端的終端標識與該駕駛員的支付帳號進行綁定，使得車輛內的駕駛員發生更換後，支付終端的終端標識所綁定的支付帳號也可以隨之發生變化，確保最終的停車費用能夠從車輛內的真實駕駛員的支付帳號中扣除。
步驟204，在識別出安裝於停車場的出入口處的停車場扣款終端時，向所述停車場扣款終端發送所述終端標識。
在一實施例中，支付終端可以與停車場扣款終端之間實現通信連接。為了使得停車場扣款終端能夠對支付終端進行感應，以識別出該支付終端所屬車輛駛入或駛出停車場的行為，因而支付終端與停車場扣款終端之間可以建立近場通信連接，比如該近場通信連接可以基於BLE、ZigBee、WIFI等通信協定而實現，本說明書並不對此進行限制。
在一實施例中，支付終端在識別出停車場扣款終端後，可以將自身的終端標識發送至該停車場扣款終端；例如，支付終端可以藉由上述的近場通信連接實現對該終端標識的發送操作。而停車場扣款終端根據識別到支付終端的地理位置，藉由網路向伺服器發送第一入場訊息或第一離場訊息，比如該網路可以包括公用交換電話網路和網際網路；其中，當停車場扣款終端在停車場入口處識別到支付終端時，停車場扣款終端可以向伺服器發送第一入場訊息，而當停車場扣款終端在停車場出口處識別到支付終端時，停車場扣款終端可以向伺服器13發送第一離場訊息。其中，第一入場訊息、第一離場訊息中均可以包含：支付終端的終端標識、停車場扣款終端所處停車場的停車場標識；其中，根據終端標識與車輛上駕駛員的支付帳號之間的綁定關係，伺服器可以獲知該支付終端的終端標識對應的支付帳號，而停車場標識可以用於區分車輛所在的停車場，以便於確定所採用的計費標準(例如免繳停車費時間長度、單位時間長度內的繳費數額、單日最高繳費數額等)。
因此，伺服器可以根據接收到的第一入場訊息確定出車輛駛入停車場並記錄相應的入場時刻，根據接收到的第一離場訊息確定車輛駛出停車場並記錄相應的離場時刻；以及，伺服器可以根據入場時刻、離場時刻和停車場的計費標準，從車輛中駕駛員的支付帳號中扣除停車費用。可見，一方面車輛在駛出停車場時可以實現自動扣款、無需駕駛員手動繳費，另一方面可以確保從車輛中駕駛員的支付帳號中扣款、而並不總是從車主的支付帳號中扣款。
在一實施例中，伺服器可以在接收到第一入場訊息時，確定支付終端所在的車輛確實已經或需要駛入停車場，並記錄該車輛的入場時刻T1，比如該入場時刻T1可以為第一入場訊息的接收時刻。類似地，伺服器可以在接收到第一離場訊息時，確定支付終端所在的車輛確實已經或需要駛離停車場，並記錄該車輛的離場時刻T2，比如該離場時刻T2可以為第二入場訊息的接收時刻。因此，伺服器可以基於該入場時刻T1和離場時刻T2，確定車輛的實際停車時間長度並扣除相應的停車費用。
在一實施例中，支付終端可以接收所述停車場扣款終端發送的所述停車場標識；然後，支付終端可以在所述車輛駛入停車場時向伺服器發送包含所述終端標識和所述停車場標識的第二入場訊息，在所述車輛駛出停車場時向伺服器發送包含所述終端標識和所述停車場標識的第二離場訊息；其中，所述第二入場訊息用於指示所述第一入場訊息的有效性、所述第二離場訊息用於指示所述第一離場訊息的有效性。
其中，由於第一入場訊息來源於停車場扣款終端、第二入場訊息來源於支付終端，因而該第一入場訊息和第二入場訊息可以實現相互驗證，使得伺服器可以確定該支付終端所在的車輛確實已經或需要駛入停車場，而並非停車場扣款終端或支付終端的誤報，因而伺服器可以記錄相應的入場時刻T1，比如該入場時刻T1可以為第一入場訊息的接收時刻或第二入場訊息的接收時刻等。類似地，由於第一離場訊息來源於停車場扣款終端、第二離場訊息來源於支付終端，因而該第一離場訊息和第二離場訊息可以實現相互驗證，使得伺服器可以確定該支付終端所在的車輛確實已經或需要駛離停車場，而並非停車場扣款終端或支付終端的誤報，因而伺服器可以記錄相應的離場時刻T2，比如該離場時刻T2可以為第一離場訊息的接收時刻或第二離場訊息的接收時刻等。因此，伺服器可以基於該入場時刻T1和離場時刻T2，確定車輛的實際停車時間長度並扣除相應的停車費用。
在一實施例中，支付終端可以藉由與預設距離內的電子設備建立第二近場通信連接，比如該第二近場通信連接可以基於BLE、ZigBee、WIFI等通信協定建立，本說明書並不對此進行限制。因此，當車輛內的駕駛員攜帶的手機等電子設備處於該預設距離內時，支付終端可以與該電子設備建立第二近場通信連接，並藉由該第二近場通信連接獲取該電子設備上登入的支付帳號的資訊，即該駕駛員的支付帳號。
在一實施例中，當駕駛員攜帶的電子設備首次與支付終端建立連接時，需要由駕駛員進行授權後，電子設備與支付終端才能夠建立第二近場通信連接，或者支付終端才能夠獲得該電子設備上登入的支付帳號。在非首次建立連接時，電子設備與支付終端可以靜默建立第二近場通信連接，且支付終端能夠靜默獲得該電子設備上登入的支付帳號。
在一實施例中，支付終端在車輛上的安裝位置可以相對更靠近駕駛員座；因此，當檢測到多台電子設備時，支付終端可以將距離最近的電子設備判定為歸屬於車輛的駕駛員。例如，支付終端可以分別各個電子設備對應的RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator)取值大小，確定相應的間隔距離大小；其中，RSSI取值大小與間隔距離大小之間呈負相關的關係，即支付終端可以將RSSI取值最大的電子設備判定為歸屬於駕駛員。
在一實施例中，車輛內可以安裝有指紋採集設備、人臉採集設備、虹膜採集設備等任意一種或多種生理特徵採集設備，支付終端可以將生理特徵採集設備採集到的生理特徵上傳至伺服器進行識別，以確定駕駛員的身份資訊。進一步地，可以根據支付終端或伺服器上預先記錄的各個支付帳號與身份資訊之間的對應關係，確定該駕駛員的支付帳號。
在一實施例中，支付終端可以用於採集駕駛行為資訊，並向伺服器發送駕駛行為報告訊息，該駕駛行為報告訊息中可以包含駕駛行為資訊和終端標識，並且由於終端標識與駕駛員的支付帳號已經綁定，使得伺服器可以確定該駕駛行為資訊屬於車輛上的駕駛員，並藉由將相關資訊記錄至分散式帳本中，供後續查詢使用。例如，可以根據駕駛行為資訊對駕駛員進行後續追責，而避免完全由車輛的車主進行承擔；再例如，保險公司可以藉由調取該駕駛員的駕駛行為資訊，作為該駕駛員的保險定價的依據。
在一實施例中，分散式帳本可以包括基於區塊鏈的帳本或基於IOTA的Tangle帳本等，本說明書並不對此進行限制。
圖3是一示例性實施例提供的一種建立綁定關係的互動示意圖。在駕駛員進入車輛後，車輛上安裝的支付終端與該駕駛員使用的手機之間可以實現如圖3所示的互動過程，從而將該支付終端的終端標識與該駕駛員的支付帳號進行綁定，以便於藉由本說明書的技術方案從該支付帳號中自動扣除停車費用；其中，支付終端與手機之間的互動過程可以包括以下步驟：
步驟301，手機上運行的APP註冊系統級監聽功能。
在一實施例中，手機上運行的支付應用程式的客戶端程式(即APP)可以向操作系統進行註冊，以使得該APP可以對支付終端發出的beacon廣播信號實現系統級的監聽，而不論手機是否喚醒或休眠、APP是否處於保持活動狀態。
在一實施例中，當手機上安裝並首次運行該APP時，該APP可以向手機的操作系統進行註冊，以實現上述系統級的監聽功能。其中，手機的操作系統可以包括任意類型，比如iOS系統、Android系統等，本說明書並不對此進行限制。
步驟302，支付終端向附近發射beacon廣播信號。
在一實施例中，beacon廣播信號基於BLE通信協定而發出，屬於近場通信信號，僅能夠在支付終端附近一定距離範圍內進行發射，因而當駕駛員尚未進入車輛或未乘坐於駕駛員座時，手機可能無法接收到支付終端發射的beacon廣播信號。
步驟303，系統掃描到beacon廣播信號後，喚醒APP。
在一實施例中，手機的操作系統可以持續對周圍進行掃描，以監測附近是否存在beacon廣播信號。當駕駛員進入車輛或未乘坐於駕駛員座時，手機可以進入支付終端對beacon廣播信號的發射範圍內，因而該手機的操作系統可以掃描到支付終端發射的beacon廣播信號。同時，基於APP向操作系統註冊的上述系統級監聽功能，手機的操作系統可以主動喚醒(或稱拉起)APP，使得該APP可以對beacon廣播信號進行回應。
步驟304，APP促使手機與支付終端之間建立BLE連接。
在一實施例中，手機可以記錄建立過BLE連接的外部設備。如果手機並非首次與支付終端建立BLE連接，手機可以在APP的協助下與支付終端之間靜默完成BLE連接的建立，使得綁定過程對於駕駛員無感知。如果手機為首次與支付終端建立BLE連接，APP可以強制在手機前臺進行授權提示，並在獲得駕駛員的授權後，使得手機與支付終端之間完成BLE連接的建立。
步驟305，支付終端將自身的終端標識與支付帳號進行綁定。
在一實施例中，基於已經建立的BLE連接，手機上的APP可以將已登入的支付帳號發送至支付終端；相應地，支付終端可以對收到的支付帳號進行驗證，比如驗證帳號格式等，從而在驗證無誤後將自身的終端標識與支付帳號進行綁定。
在一實施例中，為了保證資訊安全，APP和支付終端可以分別預定義有加解密演算法，APP可以據此對支付帳號進行加密後，將加密後支付帳號發送至支付終端，而支付終端可以據此對加密後支付帳號進行解密，得到駕駛員的支付帳號。
步驟306，支付終端上報綁定結果。
在一實施例中，支付終端可以向伺服器上報綁定結果，該綁定結果包含支付終端的終端標識與駕駛員的支付帳號之間的綁定關係，使得伺服器後續可以基於該綁定關係自動確定出駕駛員的支付帳號，並從中自動扣除停車費用。
圖4是一示例性實施例提供的一種自動繳納停車費用的互動示意圖，可以基於圖3中生成的綁定關係，自動確定出駕駛員的支付帳號，並從中自動扣除停車費用。如圖4所示，自動繳納停車費用的過程可以包括以下步驟：
在第一階段中，藉由步驟401~405實現車輛駛入停車場過程中的處理。
步驟401，支付終端向附近發射beacon廣播信號。
在一實施例中，beacon廣播信號基於BLE通信協定而發出，屬於近場通信信號，僅能夠在支付終端附近一定距離範圍內進行發射，因而當車輛遠離停車場扣款終端時，停車場扣款終端無法接收到支付終端發射的beacon廣播信號。
在一實施例中，停車場扣款終端可以包括第一裝置和第二裝置，其中第一裝置安裝於停車場的入口處、第二裝置安裝於停車場的出口處，以分別對駛入、駛離停車場的車輛進行檢測與識別。圖5是一示例性實施例提供的一種停車場扣款終端的防串擾示意圖；如圖5所示，假定第一裝置為停車場入口處設置的裝置51、第二裝置為停車場出口處設置的裝置52，可以將裝置51的信號收發窗口設置為朝向停車場外部、將裝置52的信號收發窗口設置為朝向停車場內部，使得裝置51僅能夠與將要駛入停車場的車輛上的支付裝置進行互動、無法與將要從停車場駛離的車輛上的支付裝置進行互動，以及使得裝置52僅能夠與將要從停車場駛離的車輛上的支付裝置進行互動、無法與將要駛入停車場的車輛上的支付裝置進行互動，從而避免第一裝置接收到將要從停車場駛離的車輛上的支付裝置發射的beacon廣播訊息、避免第二裝置接收到將要駛入停車場的車輛上的支付裝置發射的beacon廣播訊息，防止發生串擾。
步驟402，第一裝置在掃描到支付終端發射的beacon廣播信號後，判斷該支付終端是否滿足連接條件。
在一實施例中，由於支付終端不斷地定期發送beacon廣播信號，使得車輛從停車場入口時，第一裝置也可能掃描到該beacon廣播信號，因而第一裝置可以基於上述的連接條件確定是否需要對該beacon廣播信號進行回應。
在一實施例中，連接條件可以包括：條件1)間隔距離不大於預設距離；條件2)連續兩次建立BLE連接的間隔時間長度不小於預設時間長度。
對於條件1)而言，可以確定第一裝置掃描到的beacon廣播信號的RSSI取值，該RSSI取值與間隔距離之間呈負相關，因而當RSSI取值不小於預設取值時，可以判定為間隔距離不大於預設距離。實際上，路過停車場入口的車輛往往距離較遠，測得的RSSI取值也往往較小，可以基於RSSI取值排除這些車輛的干擾。
對於條件2)而言，由於beacon廣播信號中包含支付終端的資訊，因而第一裝置可以記錄最近一次與支付終端建立BLE連接的時刻，如果當前時刻與該時刻之間的間隔時間長度大於預設時間長度，則表明間隔時間過短、不滿足連接條件。實際上，由於支付終端不斷地定期發送beacon廣播信號，使得在支付終端處於第一裝置附近時，即便已經對支付終端發射的某一條beacon廣播信號進行回應，第一裝置仍然可以不斷掃描到該支付終端發射的其他beacon廣播信號，因而可以基於上述的間隔時間長度消除這些beacon廣播信號的干擾。
當支付終端同時滿足上述所有條件時，可以判定為支付終端滿足連接條件、轉入步驟403，否則判定為支付終端不滿足連接條件、返回步驟401。
步驟403，支付終端與第一裝置之間建立BLE連接。
在一實施例中，基於建立的BLE連接，支付終端與第一裝置之間可以實現資料互動。其中，支付終端向第一裝置發送自身的終端標識，比如該終端標識可以為支付終端的設備ID1；而第一裝置向支付終端發送停車場的停車場標識，該停車場標識可以為唯一標示該停車場的任意標識，比如可以採用停車場扣款終端的設備ID2。
在一實施例中，停車場扣款終端藉由第一裝置獲得支付終端的設備ID1後，可以針對該設備ID1進行驗證，比如驗證ID格式等，並在驗證通過後轉入步驟404A，否則終止流程；類似地，支付終端在接收到作為停車場標識的設備ID2後，可以針對該設備ID2進行驗證，比如驗證ID格式等，並在驗證藉由後轉入步驟404B，否則終止流程。
步驟404A，第一裝置向伺服器發送第一入場訊息。
在一實施例中，第一入場訊息中包含支付終端的設備標識和停車場的停車場標識，如上述的設備ID1和設備ID2。
步驟404B，支付終端向伺服器發送第二入場訊息。
在一實施例中，第二入場訊息中包含支付終端的設備標識和停車場的停車場標識，如上述的設備ID1和設備ID2。
步驟405，伺服器在收到第一入場訊息和第二入場訊息後，記錄相應的入場資訊。
在一實施例中，由於第一入場訊息來源於第一裝置、第二入場訊息來源於支付終端，因而當接收到第一入場訊息和第二入場訊息後，伺服器可以確定停車場扣款終端和支付終端均認為車輛駛入停車場，消除了停車場扣款終端或支付終端發生誤報的可能性，因而可以記錄入場資訊；否則，比如僅收到第一入場訊息或僅收到第二入場訊息時，伺服器可以判定為車輛並未駛入停車場、拒絕記錄入場資訊。
在一實施例中，入場資訊可以包括與車輛駛入停車場相關的任何資訊，比如上述第一入場訊息和第二入場訊息中包含的終端標識、停車場標識、車輛駛入停車場的入場時刻T1等，其中入場時刻T1可以採用第一入場訊息的接收時刻或第二入場訊息的接收時刻或兩個接收時刻的中間時刻等，本說明書並不對此進行限制。實際上，由於第一入場訊息、第二入場訊息的接收時刻之間往往間隔很短，所以對最終計算出的停車時間長度幾乎不存在影響。
在一實施例中，伺服器可以將入場資訊記錄於分散式帳本中。以區塊鏈網路為例，伺服器可以運行區塊鏈網路的客戶端，使得該伺服器被配置為區塊鏈網路中的節點，而該伺服器可以基於自身的節點身份，向區塊鏈網路中發佈交易，從而將上述的入場資訊作為交易內容而被記錄至區塊鏈網路的分散式帳本中，對該入場資訊實現不可篡改、可追溯地記錄，具有極高的可靠性。
在第二階段中，藉由步驟406~411實現車輛駛離停車場過程中的處理。
步驟406，支付終端向附近發射beacon廣播信號。
與步驟401相類似的，beacon廣播信號基於BLE通信協定而發出，屬於近場通信信號，僅能夠在支付終端附近一定距離範圍內進行發射，因而當車輛遠離停車場扣款終端時，停車場扣款終端無法藉由諸如第二裝置接收到支付終端發射的beacon廣播信號。
步驟407，第二裝置在掃描到支付終端發射的beacon廣播信號後，判斷該支付終端是否滿足連接條件。
與步驟402相類似的，停車場扣款終端可以藉由設定連接條件，並針對掃描到的beacon廣播信號進行檢測，以消除路過第二裝置的無關車輛以及支付終端自身的干擾，此處不再贅述。
步驟408，支付終端與第二裝置之間建立BLE連接。
在一實施例中，基於建立的BLE連接，支付終端與第二裝置之間可以實現資料互動。其中，支付終端向第二裝置發送自身的終端標識，比如該終端標識可以為支付終端的設備ID1；而第二裝置向支付終端發送停車場的停車場標識，該停車場標識可以為唯一標示該停車場的任意標識，比如可以採用停車場扣款終端的設備ID2。
在一實施例中，停車場扣款終端藉由第二裝置獲得支付終端的設備ID1後，可以針對該設備ID1進行驗證，比如驗證ID格式等，並在驗證通過後轉入步驟409A，否則終止流程；類似地，支付終端在接收到作為停車場標識的設備ID2後，可以針對該設備ID2進行驗證，比如驗證ID格式等，並在驗證藉由後轉入步驟409B，否則終止流程。
步驟409A，第二裝置向伺服器發送第一離場訊息。
在一實施例中，第一離場訊息中包含支付終端的設備標識和停車場的停車場標識，如上述的設備ID1和設備ID2。
步驟409B，支付終端向伺服器發送第二離場訊息。
在一實施例中，第二離場訊息中包含支付終端的設備標識和停車場的停車場標識，如上述的設備ID1和設備ID2。
步驟410，伺服器在收到第一離場訊息和第二離場訊息後，記錄相應的離場資訊。
在一實施例中，由於第一離場訊息來源於第一裝置、第二離場訊息來源於支付終端，因而當接收到第一離場訊息和第二離場訊息後，伺服器可以確定停車場扣款終端和支付終端均認為車輛駛離停車場，消除了停車場扣款終端或支付終端發生誤報的可能性，因而可以記錄離場資訊；否則，比如僅收到第一離場訊息或僅收到第二離場訊息時，伺服器可以判定為車輛並未駛離停車場、拒絕記錄離場資訊。
在一實施例中，離場資訊可以包括與車輛駛離停車場相關的任何資訊，比如上述第一離場訊息和第二離場訊息中包含的終端標識、停車場標識、車輛駛離停車場的離場時刻T2等，其中離場時刻T2可以採用第一離場訊息的接收時刻或第二離場訊息的接收時刻或兩個接收時刻的中間時刻等，本說明書並不對此進行限制。實際上，由於第一離場訊息、第二離場訊息的接收時刻之間往往間隔很短，所以對最終計算出的停車時間長度幾乎不存在影響。
與入場資訊相類似的，伺服器可以將離場資訊記錄於分散式帳本中，從而對該離場資訊實現不可篡改、可追溯地記錄，具有極高的可靠性。
步驟411，伺服器調用智慧型合約實施扣款。
在一實施例中，伺服器可以藉由調用智慧型合約，使得該智慧型合約可以自動實現：根據終端標識和預先記錄的終端標識與支付帳號之間的綁定關係，確定出駕駛員的支付帳號；根據入場時刻與離場時刻，計算出車輛的停車時間長度；根據停車場標識，查詢出相應停車場預設的計費標準；根據停車時間長度和計費標準計算出停車費用；從駕駛員的支付帳號中扣除相關停車費用。由於整個扣款過程中由智慧型合約自動完成，避免了人為參與，從而極大地提升了準確率和安全性。
在一實施例中，在完成扣款後，伺服器可以根據終端標識綁定的支付帳號，向登入該支付帳號的電子設備發送扣款成功通知，則駕駛員可以藉由手機接收到該扣款成功通知。
圖6是一示例性實施例提供的一種設備的示意結構圖。請參考圖6，在硬體層面，該設備包括處理器602、內部匯流排604、網路介面606、記憶體608以及非易失性記憶體610，當然還可能包括其他業務所需要的硬體。處理器602從非易失性記憶體610中讀取對應的電腦程式到記憶體608中然後運行，在邏輯層面上形成停車收費裝置。當然，除了軟體實現方式之外，本說明書一個或多個實施例並不排除其他實現方式，比如邏輯裝置抑或軟硬體結合的方式等等，也就是說以下處理流程的執行主體並不限定於各個邏輯單元，也可以是硬體或邏輯裝置。
請參考圖7，在軟體實施方式中，該停車收費裝置應用於安裝在車輛上的支付終端；該裝置可以包括：
第一確定單元701，確定所述車輛的駕駛員的支付帳號被綁定至所述支付終端的終端標識；
第一發送單元702，在識別出安裝於停車場的出入口處的停車場扣款終端時，向所述停車場扣款終端發送所述終端標識，以使所述停車場扣款終端在所述車輛駛入停車場時向伺服器發送包含所述終端標識和所述停車場的停車場標識的第一入場訊息、在所述車輛駛出停車場時向伺服器發送包含所述終端標識和所述停車場標識的第一離場訊息，其中所述第一入場訊息和所述第一離場訊息用於指示伺服器從綁定至所述終端標識的支付帳號中扣除停車費用。
可選的，還包括：
接收單元703，接收所述停車場扣款終端發送的所述停車場標識；
第二發送單元704，在所述車輛駛入停車場時向伺服器發送包含所述終端標識和所述停車場標識的第二入場訊息，在所述車輛駛出停車場時向伺服器發送包含所述終端標識和所述停車場標識的第二離場訊息；其中，所述第二入場訊息用於指示所述第一入場訊息的有效性、所述第二離場訊息用於指示所述第一離場訊息的有效性。
可選的，還包括：
第一建立單元705，與所述停車場扣款終端建立第一近場通信連接，以用於發送所述終端標識、接收所述停車場標識。
可選的，還包括：
第二建立單元706，與預設距離內的電子設備建立第二近場通信連接；
獲取單元707，藉由所述第二近場通信連接獲取所述電子設備上登入的支付帳號的資訊，以作為所述車輛的駕駛員的支付帳號。
可選的，所述支付終端在所述車輛上的安裝位置相對更靠近駕駛員座；所述裝置還包括：
第二確定單元708，當檢測到多台電子設備時，分別確定與各台電子設備之間的間隔距離；
判定單元709，將間隔距離最近的電子設備判定為歸屬於所述車輛的駕駛員。
可選的，還包括：
識別單元710，對所述車輛的駕駛員進行生理特徵識別，以根據識別結果確定所述駕駛員的支付帳號。
可選的，還包括：
採集單元711，採集駕駛行為資訊；
第三發送單元712，向所述伺服器發送駕駛行為報告訊息，所述駕駛行為報告訊息中包含所述駕駛行為資訊和所述終端標識，以由所述伺服器記錄至分散式帳本中。
上述實施例闡明的系統、裝置、模組或單元，具體可以由電腦晶片或實體實現，或者由具有某種功能的產品來實現。一種典型的實現設備為電腦，電腦的具體形式可以是個人電腦、膝上型電腦、行動電話、相機電話、智慧型電話、個人數位助理、媒體播放器、導航設備、電子郵件收發設備、遊戲控制台、平板電腦、可穿戴設備或者這些設備中的任意幾種設備的組合。
在一個典型的配置中，電腦包括一個或多個處理器(CPU)、輸入/輸出介面、網路介面和記憶體。
記憶體可能包括電腦可讀媒體中的非永久性記憶體，隨機存取記憶體(RAM)和/或非易失性記憶體等形式，如唯讀記憶體(ROM)或快閃記憶體(flash RAM)。記憶體是電腦可讀媒體的示例。
電腦可讀媒體包括永久性和非永久性、可移動和非可移動媒體可以由任何方法或技術來實現資訊儲存。資訊可以是電腦可讀指令、資料結構、程式的模組或其他資料。電腦的儲存媒體的例子包括，但不限於相變記憶體(PRAM)、靜態隨機存取記憶體(SRAM)、動態隨機存取記憶體(DRAM)、其他類型的隨機存取記憶體(RAM)、唯讀記憶體(ROM)、電可抹除可程式化唯讀記憶體(EEPROM)、快閃記憶體或其他記憶體技術、唯讀光碟(CD-ROM)、數位化多功能光碟(DVD)或其他光學儲存、磁盒式磁帶、磁碟儲存、量子記憶體、基於石墨烯的儲存媒體或其他磁性儲存設備或任何其他非傳輸媒體，可用於儲存可以被計算設備存取的資訊。按照本文中的界定，電腦可讀媒體不包括暫存電腦可讀媒體(transitory media)，如調變的資料信號和載波。
還需要說明的是，術語“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他變體意在涵蓋非排他性的包含，從而使得包括一系列要素的過程、方法、商品或者設備不僅包括那些要素，而且還包括沒有明確列出的其他要素，或者是還包括為這種過程、方法、商品或者設備所固有的要素。在沒有更多限制的情況下，由語句“包括一個……”限定的要素，並不排除在包括所述要素的過程、方法、商品或者設備中還存在另外的相同要素。
上述對本說明書特定實施例進行了描述。其它實施例在所附申請專利範圍的範圍內。在一些情況下，在申請專利範圍中記載的動作或步驟可以按照不同於實施例中的順序來執行並且仍然可以實現期望的結果。另外，在圖式中描繪的過程不一定要求示出的特定順序或者連續順序才能實現期望的結果。在某些實施方式中，多任務處理和並行處理也是可以的或者可能是有利的。
在本說明書一個或多個實施例使用的術語是僅僅出於描述特定實施例的目的，而非旨在限制本說明書一個或多個實施例。在本說明書一個或多個實施例和所附申請專利範圍中所使用的單數形式的“一種”、“所述”和“該”也旨在包括多數形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含義。還應當理解，本文中使用的術語“和/或”是指並包含一個或多個相關聯的列出項目的任何或所有可能組合。
應當理解，儘管在本說明書一個或多個實施例可能採用術語第一、第二、第三等來描述各種資訊，但這些資訊不應限於這些術語。這些術語僅用來將同一類型的資訊彼此區分開。例如，在不脫離本說明書一個或多個實施例範圍的情況下，第一資訊也可以被稱為第二資訊，類似地，第二資訊也可以被稱為第一資訊。取決於語境，如在此所使用的詞語“如果”可以被解釋成為“在……時”或“當……時”或“回應於確定”。
以上所述僅為本說明書一個或多個實施例的較佳實施例而已，並不用以限制本說明書一個或多個實施例，凡在本說明書一個或多個實施例的精神和原則之內，所做的任何修改、等同替換、改進等，均應包含在本說明書一個或多個實施例保護的範圍之內。The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail here, and examples thereof are shown in the drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings indicate the same or similar elements. The implementation manners described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementation manners consistent with one or more embodiments of this specification. On the contrary, they are only examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of one or more embodiments of this specification as detailed in the scope of the appended application.
It should be noted that in other embodiments, the steps of the corresponding method may not be executed in the order shown and described in this specification. In some other embodiments, the method includes more or fewer steps than described in this specification. In addition, a single step described in this specification may be decomposed into multiple steps for description in other embodiments; and multiple steps described in this specification may also be combined into a single step in other embodiments. description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a parking toll collection system provided by an exemplary embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the system may include a payment terminal 11, a parking lot deduction terminal 12 and a server 13.
The payment terminal 11 is installed on the vehicle. For example, the payment terminal 11 can be fixed in the front cabin of the vehicle, inside the windshield or other positions, so that the payment terminal 11 and the vehicle are physically bound. The parking lot deduction terminal 12 is installed at the entrance and exit of the parking lot. For example, the parking lot deduction terminal 12 can be fixed on the railing of the entrance and exit. The server 13 may be a physical server including an independent host, or the server 13 may be a virtual server carried by a host cluster, which is not limited in this specification.
The payment terminal 11 can dynamically bind the terminal identification of the payment terminal 11 to the payment account of the driver for the driver in the vehicle, so that after the driver in the vehicle is changed, the terminal identification of the payment terminal 11 is bound The predetermined payment account can also be changed accordingly to ensure that the final parking fee can be deducted from the payment account of the real driver in the vehicle.
The payment terminal 11 can realize a communication connection with the parking lot deduction terminal 12 through the network 14. In order to enable the parking lot deduction terminal 12 to sense the payment terminal 11 to recognize the behavior of the vehicle to which the payment terminal 11 belongs, entering or leaving the parking lot, a near field communication can be established between the payment terminal 11 and the parking lot deduction terminal 12 Connection, for example, the near field communication connection can be realized based on communication protocols such as BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy), ZigBee, WIFI, etc., which is not limited in this specification.
After identifying the parking lot deduction terminal 12, the payment terminal 11 can send its own terminal identification to the parking lot deduction terminal 12; for example, the payment terminal 11 can implement the sending operation of the terminal identification through the above-mentioned near field communication connection . The parking lot deduction terminal 12 sends the first entry message or the first exit message to the server 13 through the network 14 according to the geographic location of the payment terminal 11, and the network 14 may include a public switched telephone network ( Public Switched Telephone Network, PSTN) and the Internet; wherein, when the parking lot deduction terminal 12 recognizes the payment terminal 11 at the entrance of the parking lot, the parking lot deduction terminal 12 can send the first entry message to the server 13, and when the parking lot When the deduction terminal 12 recognizes the payment terminal 11 at the exit of the parking lot, the deduction terminal 12 of the parking lot may send the first departure message to the server 13.
Among them, the first entry message and the first exit message can both include: the terminal identification of the payment terminal 11, the parking lot identification of the parking lot where the parking lot deduction terminal 12 is located; among them, according to the difference between the terminal identification and the payment account of the driver on the vehicle The server 13 can learn the payment account corresponding to the terminal identification of the payment terminal 11, and the parking lot identification can be used to distinguish the parking lot where the vehicle is located, so as to determine the charging standard (for example, free parking fee). The length of time, the amount of payment per unit of time, the maximum amount of payment in a single day, etc.).
Therefore, the server 13 can determine that the vehicle has entered the parking lot and record the corresponding time of entry according to the received first entry message, and determine that the vehicle has exited the parking lot according to the received first exit message and record the corresponding departure time; and The server 13 may deduct the parking fee from the payment account of the driver in the vehicle according to the time of entry, time of departure, and charging standards of the parking lot. It can be seen that, on the one hand, the vehicle can be automatically deducted when leaving the parking lot without the driver’s manual payment. On the other hand, it can ensure that the payment is deducted from the driver’s payment account in the vehicle instead of always from the owner’s payment account. Deductions.
In one embodiment, when the server 13 receives the first entry message, it can determine that the vehicle where the payment terminal 11 is located has indeed entered or needs to drive into the parking lot, and records the entry time T1 of the vehicle. For example, the entry time T1 may be The moment of receipt of the first admission message. Similarly, when the server 13 receives the first departure message, it can determine that the vehicle where the payment terminal 11 is located has indeed or needs to leave the parking lot, and records the departure time T2 of the vehicle. For example, the departure time T2 may be The moment of receipt of the second admission message. Therefore, the server 13 can determine the actual parking time length of the vehicle based on the entrance time T1 and the departure time T2 and deduct the corresponding parking fee.
In an embodiment, when the parking lot deduction terminal 12 recognizes the payment terminal 11, it can send the parking lot identification to the payment terminal 11. For example, the parking lot identification can be transmitted based on the above-mentioned near field communication connection. Then, the payment terminal 11 can send a second entry message to the server 13 when entering the parking lot, and a second exit message to the server 13 when exiting the parking lot, where both the second entry message and the second exit message Contains the terminal identification of the payment terminal 11 and the parking lot identification of the parking lot.
Wherein, since the first entrance message comes from the parking lot deduction terminal 12 and the second entrance message comes from the payment terminal 11, the first entrance message and the second entrance message can be mutually verified, so that the server 13 can determine the payment terminal The vehicle where 11 is indeed or needs to enter the parking lot, and it is not a false alarm from the parking lot deduction terminal 12 or the payment terminal 11. Therefore, the server 13 can record the corresponding entry time T1. For example, the entry time T1 can be the first entry message Reception time or reception time of the second admission message, etc. Similarly, since the first departure message comes from the parking lot deduction terminal 12 and the second departure message comes from the payment terminal 11, the first departure message and the second departure message can be mutually verified, so that the server 13 It can be determined that the vehicle where the payment terminal 11 is located has indeed or needs to leave the parking lot, rather than a false alarm from the parking lot deduction terminal 12 or the payment terminal 11. Therefore, the server 13 can record the corresponding departure time T2, such as the departure time T2 It can be the reception time of the first departure message or the reception time of the second departure message. Therefore, the server 13 can determine the actual parking time length of the vehicle based on the entrance time T1 and the departure time T2 and deduct the corresponding parking fee.
In an embodiment, the payment terminal 11 may establish a second near field communication connection with an electronic device within a preset distance. For example, the second near field communication connection may be established based on communication protocols such as BLE, ZigBee, and WIFI. There is no restriction on this. Therefore, when an electronic device such as a mobile phone carried by the driver in the vehicle is within the preset distance, the payment terminal 11 can establish a second near field communication connection with the electronic device, and obtain the second near field communication connection through the second near field communication connection. The information of the payment account logged in on the electronic device is the payment account of the driver.
In one embodiment, when the electronic device carried by the driver establishes a connection with the payment terminal 11 for the first time, authorization by the driver is required before the electronic device and the payment terminal 11 can establish a second near field communication connection, or the payment terminal 11 Only then can the payment account logged in on the electronic device be obtained. When a connection is not established for the first time, the electronic device and the payment terminal 11 can silently establish a second near field communication connection, and the payment terminal 11 can silently obtain the payment account logged in on the electronic device.
In an embodiment, the installation position of the payment terminal 11 on the vehicle can be relatively closer to the driver’s seat; therefore, when multiple electronic devices are detected, the payment terminal 11 can determine the closest electronic device as belonging to the vehicle. The driver. For example, the payment terminal 11 can determine the corresponding RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) value size corresponding to each electronic device, and determine the corresponding separation distance. Among them, the RSSI value size and the separation distance are negatively correlated, that is, payment The terminal 11 may determine that the electronic device with the largest RSSI value belongs to the driver.
In an embodiment, the vehicle may be equipped with any one or more types of physiological feature collection devices, such as fingerprint collection equipment, face collection equipment, and iris collection equipment, and the payment terminal 11 can upload the physiological features collected by the physiological feature collection device to the server. The device 13 performs identification to determine the driver’s identity information. Further, the driver's payment account can be determined based on the correspondence between each payment account and identity information pre-recorded on the payment terminal 11 or the server 13.
In an embodiment, the parking lot deduction terminal 12 may include a first device provided at the entrance and a second device provided at the exit. When the first device recognizes the payment terminal 11, it can determine that the vehicle to which the payment terminal 11 belongs is about to drive into the parking lot; when the second device recognizes the payment terminal 11, it can determine that the vehicle to which the payment terminal 11 belongs is about to leave the parking lot.
Among them, the first device can send and receive signals towards the outside of the parking lot, and the second device can send and receive signals towards the inside of the parking lot, so that the first device can only identify the payment terminal 11 on the vehicle entering the parking lot, and the second device can only identify the departure The payment terminal 11 on the vehicle in the parking lot avoids crosstalk.
In one embodiment, the server 13 can record the first entry message, the second entry message, the first exit message, and the second exit message in the distributed ledger respectively, which can improve the reliability of these messages. For example, the distributed ledger may include a blockchain-based ledger or a IOTA-based Tangle (tangled) ledger, etc., which is not limited in this specification.
In one embodiment, the server 13 can retrieve the smart contract for deduction, so that after the smart contract runs, the parking fee can be deducted from the payment account bound to the terminal identifier, that is, the deduction process The smart contract is automatically implemented and completed, which helps to ensure the security of the driver's payment account. Of course, the server 13 can also complete the deduction in other ways, and this specification does not limit this.
In one embodiment, the payment terminal 11 may be used to collect driving behavior information and send a driving behavior report message to the server 13. The driving behavior report message may include driving behavior information and terminal identification, and because the terminal identification and the driver The payment account of has been bound, so the server 13 can determine that the driving behavior information belongs to the driver on the vehicle, and record the relevant information in the distributed ledger for subsequent inquiry. For example, the driver can be held accountable based on the driving behavior information, so as not to be completely borne by the owner of the vehicle; for another example, an insurance company can retrieve the driver’s driving behavior information as the driver’s insurance pricing Basis.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a parking charging method provided by an exemplary embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the method is applied to a payment terminal installed on a vehicle (for example, the payment terminal 11 shown in FIG. 1), and the method may include:
Step 202: Determine that the payment account of the driver of the vehicle is bound to the terminal identification of the payment terminal.
In one embodiment, the payment terminal can dynamically bind the terminal identification of the payment terminal to the payment account of the driver for the driver in the vehicle, so that after the driver in the vehicle is changed, the terminal of the payment terminal The payment account bound to the logo can also be changed accordingly to ensure that the final parking fee can be deducted from the payment account of the real driver in the vehicle.
Step 204: When the parking lot deduction terminal installed at the entrance and exit of the parking lot is identified, the terminal identifier is sent to the parking lot deduction terminal.
In an embodiment, the payment terminal may realize a communication connection with the parking lot deduction terminal. In order to enable the parking lot deduction terminal to sense the payment terminal to recognize the behavior of the vehicle to which the payment terminal belongs to or leave the parking lot, a near field communication connection can be established between the payment terminal and the parking lot deduction terminal, such as the near field Field communication connection can be realized based on communication protocols such as BLE, ZigBee, WIFI, etc. This specification does not limit this.
In one embodiment, after the payment terminal recognizes the parking lot deduction terminal, it can send its own terminal identification to the parking lot deduction terminal; for example, the payment terminal can realize the terminal identification through the above-mentioned near field communication connection. Send operation. The parking lot deduction terminal sends the first entry message or the first exit message to the server through the network according to the geographic location of the payment terminal. For example, the network may include the public switched telephone network and the Internet; where, When the parking lot deduction terminal recognizes the payment terminal at the entrance of the parking lot, the parking lot deduction terminal can send the first entry message to the server, and when the parking lot deduction terminal recognizes the payment terminal at the exit of the parking lot, the parking lot deduction terminal can Send the first departure message to the server 13. Among them, the first entry message and the first exit message may include: the terminal identification of the payment terminal, the parking lot identification of the parking lot where the parking lot deduction terminal is located; among them, according to the difference between the terminal identification and the payment account of the driver on the vehicle With the binding relationship, the server can learn the payment account corresponding to the terminal ID of the payment terminal, and the parking lot ID can be used to distinguish the parking lot where the vehicle is located, so as to determine the charging standards used (such as the length of time for free parking fees, unit The amount of payment within the length of time, the maximum payment amount in a single day, etc.).
Therefore, the server can determine that the vehicle has entered the parking lot and record the corresponding time of entry according to the received first entry message, and determine that the vehicle has exited the parking lot and record the corresponding departure time according to the received first exit message; and, The server can deduct the parking fee from the payment account of the driver in the vehicle according to the time of entry, time of departure, and charging standards of the parking lot. It can be seen that, on the one hand, the vehicle can be automatically deducted when leaving the parking lot without the driver’s manual payment. On the other hand, it can ensure that the payment is deducted from the driver’s payment account in the vehicle instead of always from the owner’s payment account. Deductions.
In one embodiment, when the server receives the first entry message, it can determine that the vehicle where the payment terminal is located has indeed or needs to enter the parking lot, and records the entry time T1 of the vehicle. For example, the entry time T1 may be the first The moment of receipt of the admission message. Similarly, when the server receives the first departure message, it can determine that the vehicle where the payment terminal is located has indeed or needs to leave the parking lot, and records the departure time T2 of the vehicle. For example, the departure time T2 can be the second The moment of receipt of the admission message. Therefore, the server can determine the actual parking length of the vehicle based on the entry time T1 and the departure time T2 and deduct the corresponding parking fee.
In an embodiment, the payment terminal may receive the parking lot identification sent by the parking lot deduction terminal; then, the payment terminal may send the terminal identification and the parking lot identification to the server when the vehicle enters the parking lot. The second entry message, which includes the terminal identifier and the parking lot identifier, is sent to the server when the vehicle leaves the parking lot; wherein the second entry message is used to indicate the first The validity of the entry message and the second exit message are used to indicate the validity of the first exit message.
Wherein, since the first admission message comes from the parking lot deduction terminal, and the second admission message comes from the payment terminal, the first admission message and the second admission message can be mutually verified, so that the server can determine the vehicle where the payment terminal is located It is true that you have or need to enter the parking lot, and it is not a false alarm from the parking lot deduction terminal or payment terminal, so the server can record the corresponding entry time T1. For example, the entry time T1 can be the receiving time of the first entry message or the second entry message The reception time and so on. Similarly, since the first departure message comes from the parking lot deduction terminal and the second departure message comes from the payment terminal, the first departure message and the second departure message can be mutually verified, so that the server can determine the The vehicle where the payment terminal is located has indeed or needs to leave the parking lot, and is not a false alarm from the parking lot deduction terminal or the payment terminal, so the server can record the corresponding departure time T2, for example, the departure time T2 can be the first departure message The receiving time of the second departure message or the receiving time of the second departure message. Therefore, the server can determine the actual parking length of the vehicle based on the entry time T1 and the departure time T2 and deduct the corresponding parking fee.
In an embodiment, the payment terminal may establish a second near field communication connection with an electronic device within a preset distance. For example, the second near field communication connection may be established based on communication protocols such as BLE, ZigBee, WIFI, etc. This specification does not There is no restriction on this. Therefore, when the electronic device such as the mobile phone carried by the driver in the vehicle is within the preset distance, the payment terminal can establish a second near field communication connection with the electronic device, and obtain the electronic device through the second near field communication connection. The information of the payment account logged in on the device is the driver’s payment account.
In one embodiment, when the electronic device carried by the driver establishes a connection with the payment terminal for the first time, authorization by the driver is required before the electronic device and the payment terminal can establish a second near field communication connection, or the payment terminal can obtain The payment account logged in on the electronic device. When a connection is not established for the first time, the electronic device and the payment terminal can silently establish a second near field communication connection, and the payment terminal can silently obtain the payment account logged in on the electronic device.
In one embodiment, the installation location of the payment terminal on the vehicle can be relatively closer to the driver's seat; therefore, when multiple electronic devices are detected, the payment terminal can determine the closest electronic device as the driver of the vehicle . For example, the payment terminal can determine the corresponding RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) value size corresponding to each electronic device to determine the corresponding separation distance. Among them, the RSSI value size and the separation distance are negatively correlated, that is, the payment terminal The electronic device with the largest RSSI value can be determined to belong to the driver.
In one embodiment, any one or more types of physiological feature collection devices such as fingerprint collection equipment, face collection equipment, and iris collection equipment can be installed in the vehicle, and the payment terminal can upload the physiological features collected by the physiological feature collection device to the server Perform recognition to determine the driver’s identity information. Further, the driver's payment account can be determined according to the correspondence between each payment account and identity information pre-recorded on the payment terminal or server.
In one embodiment, the payment terminal may be used to collect driving behavior information and send a driving behavior report message to the server. The driving behavior report message may include driving behavior information and terminal identification, and because the terminal identification and the driver’s payment The account has been bound so that the server can determine that the driving behavior information belongs to the driver on the vehicle, and record the relevant information in the distributed ledger for subsequent inquiry. For example, the driver can be held accountable based on the driving behavior information, so as not to be completely borne by the owner of the vehicle; for another example, an insurance company can retrieve the driver’s driving behavior information as the driver’s insurance pricing Basis.
In an embodiment, the distributed ledger may include a blockchain-based ledger or an IOTA-based Tangle ledger, etc., which is not limited in this specification.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of interaction for establishing a binding relationship provided by an exemplary embodiment. After the driver enters the vehicle, the interaction process shown in Figure 3 can be realized between the payment terminal installed on the vehicle and the mobile phone used by the driver, thereby binding the terminal identification of the payment terminal to the payment account of the driver. In order to automatically deduct the parking fee from the payment account through the technical scheme of this manual; the interaction process between the payment terminal and the mobile phone can include the following steps:
In step 301, the APP running on the mobile phone registers the system-level monitoring function.
In one embodiment, the client program (ie APP) of the payment application running on the mobile phone can be registered with the operating system, so that the APP can monitor the beacon broadcast signal sent by the payment terminal at the system level, regardless of the mobile phone Whether to wake up or sleep, whether the APP is in a keep-alive state.
In one embodiment, when the APP is installed and run on the mobile phone for the first time, the APP may register with the operating system of the mobile phone to realize the above-mentioned system-level monitoring function. Among them, the operating system of the mobile phone can include any type, such as iOS system, Android system, etc., which is not limited in this manual.
Step 302: The payment terminal transmits a beacon broadcast signal to the vicinity.
In one embodiment, the beacon broadcast signal is sent based on the BLE communication protocol, which is a near-field communication signal and can only be transmitted within a certain distance near the payment terminal, so when the driver has not entered the vehicle or is not sitting in the driver’s seat , The mobile phone may not be able to receive the beacon broadcast signal transmitted by the payment terminal.
In step 303, the system wakes up the APP after scanning the beacon broadcast signal.
In one embodiment, the operating system of the mobile phone can continuously scan the surroundings to monitor whether there is a beacon broadcast signal nearby. When the driver enters the vehicle or is not in the driver's seat, the mobile phone can enter the transmission range of the beacon broadcast signal from the payment terminal, so the operating system of the mobile phone can scan the beacon broadcast signal transmitted by the payment terminal. At the same time, based on the above-mentioned system-level monitoring function registered by the APP with the operating system, the operating system of the mobile phone can actively wake up (or pull up) the APP, so that the APP can respond to the beacon broadcast signal.
Step 304: The APP prompts the mobile phone to establish a BLE connection with the payment terminal.
In an embodiment, the mobile phone may record the external devices that have established BLE connections. If the mobile phone is not establishing a BLE connection with the payment terminal for the first time, the mobile phone can silently complete the establishment of the BLE connection with the payment terminal with the assistance of the APP, so that the binding process is unaware of the driver. If the mobile phone establishes a BLE connection with the payment terminal for the first time, the APP can force an authorization prompt at the front desk of the mobile phone, and after obtaining the driver's authorization, the mobile phone and the payment terminal can complete the establishment of the BLE connection.
Step 305: The payment terminal binds its own terminal identification to the payment account.
In one embodiment, based on the established BLE connection, the APP on the mobile phone can send the logged-in payment account to the payment terminal; accordingly, the payment terminal can verify the received payment account, such as verifying the account format, etc. In this way, after the verification is correct, the terminal identification and the payment account are bound.
In one embodiment, in order to ensure information security, the APP and the payment terminal can be respectively predefined with encryption and decryption algorithms. The APP can encrypt the payment account accordingly and send the encrypted payment account to the payment terminal, and the payment terminal can Accordingly, the encrypted payment account is decrypted to obtain the driver's payment account.
Step 306: The payment terminal reports the binding result.
In one embodiment, the payment terminal may report the binding result to the server. The binding result includes the binding relationship between the terminal identification of the payment terminal and the payment account of the driver, so that the server can subsequently based on the binding The relationship automatically determines the driver's payment account, and automatically deducts parking fees from it.
Fig. 4 is an interactive schematic diagram of automatic parking fee payment provided by an exemplary embodiment. Based on the binding relationship generated in Fig. 3, the driver’s payment account can be automatically determined, and the parking fee can be automatically deducted from it. As shown in Figure 4, the process of automatically paying parking fees can include the following steps:
In the first stage, steps 401 to 405 are used to implement the processing during the vehicle entering the parking lot.
Step 401: The payment terminal transmits a beacon broadcast signal to the vicinity.
In one embodiment, the beacon broadcast signal is sent based on the BLE communication protocol, which is a near field communication signal and can only be transmitted within a certain distance near the payment terminal. Therefore, when the vehicle is far away from the parking lot deduction terminal, the parking lot deduction terminal cannot Receive the beacon broadcast signal transmitted by the payment terminal.
In an embodiment, the parking lot deduction terminal may include a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is installed at the entrance of the parking lot, and the second device is installed at the exit of the parking lot, so as to check entering and leaving the parking lot respectively. Vehicle detection and identification. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of anti-crosstalk of a parking lot deduction terminal provided by an exemplary embodiment; as shown in FIG. 5, it is assumed that the first device is a device 51 installed at the entrance of the parking lot, and the second device is a device 52 installed at the exit of the parking lot. The signal transceiving window of the device 51 can be set to face the outside of the parking lot, and the signal transceiving window of the device 52 can be set to face the interior of the parking lot, so that the device 51 can only interact with the payment device on the vehicle about to enter the parking lot, and cannot interact with the future The payment device on the vehicle leaving the parking lot interacts, and the device 52 can only interact with the payment device on the vehicle that is about to leave the parking lot, and cannot interact with the payment device on the vehicle that is about to enter the parking lot. Prevent the first device from receiving the beacon broadcast message transmitted by the payment device on the vehicle about to leave the parking lot, and prevent the second device from receiving the beacon broadcast message transmitted by the payment device on the vehicle about to enter the parking lot to prevent crosstalk.
Step 402: After scanning the beacon broadcast signal transmitted by the payment terminal, the first device determines whether the payment terminal meets the connection condition.
In one embodiment, since the payment terminal continuously sends beacon broadcast signals regularly, the first device may also scan the beacon broadcast signal when the vehicle enters the parking lot. Therefore, the first device can determine whether it is necessary to connect based on the above connection conditions. The beacon broadcast signal responds.
In an embodiment, the connection condition may include: condition 1) the interval distance is not greater than the preset distance; condition 2) the interval time length between two consecutive establishment of the BLE connection is not less than the preset time length.
For condition 1), the RSSI value of the beacon broadcast signal scanned by the first device can be determined, and the RSSI value is negatively correlated with the separation distance. Therefore, when the RSSI value is not less than the preset value, you can It is determined that the separation distance is not greater than the preset distance. In fact, vehicles passing by the entrance of the parking lot are often far away, and the measured RSSI value is often small. The interference of these vehicles can be excluded based on the RSSI value.
For condition 2), since the beacon broadcast signal contains payment terminal information, the first device can record the time of the last BLE connection with the payment terminal, if the length of the interval between the current time and this time is greater than the preset The length of time indicates that the interval is too short to meet the connection conditions. In fact, because the payment terminal constantly sends beacon broadcast signals regularly, when the payment terminal is near the first device, even if it has responded to a certain beacon broadcast signal transmitted by the payment terminal, the first device can still continuously scan the payment Other beacon broadcast signals transmitted by the terminal can eliminate the interference of these beacon broadcast signals based on the aforementioned interval length.
When the payment terminal meets all the above conditions at the same time, it can be determined that the payment terminal meets the connection condition and proceeds to step 403; otherwise, it is determined that the payment terminal does not meet the connection condition and returns to step 401.
Step 403: Establish a BLE connection between the payment terminal and the first device.
In an embodiment, based on the established BLE connection, data interaction can be realized between the payment terminal and the first device. Wherein, the payment terminal sends its own terminal identification to the first device, for example, the terminal identification can be the device ID1 of the payment terminal; and the first device sends the parking lot identification of the parking lot to the payment terminal, and the parking lot identification can be any that uniquely identifies the parking lot. The identification, for example, can use the device ID2 of the parking lot deduction terminal.
In one embodiment, after the parking lot deduction terminal obtains the device ID1 of the payment terminal through the first device, it can verify the device ID1, such as verifying the ID format, etc., and proceed to step 404A after the verification is passed, otherwise the process is terminated ; Similarly, after receiving the device ID2 as the parking lot identifier, the payment terminal can verify the device ID2, such as verifying the ID format, etc., and proceed to step 404B after verification is passed, otherwise the process is terminated.
Step 404A, the first device sends a first admission message to the server.
In an embodiment, the first entry message includes the device identification of the payment terminal and the parking lot identification of the parking lot, such as the aforementioned device ID1 and device ID2.
Step 404B: The payment terminal sends a second admission message to the server.
In one embodiment, the second entrance message includes the device identification of the payment terminal and the parking lot identification of the parking lot, such as the aforementioned device ID1 and device ID2.
In step 405, the server records corresponding admission information after receiving the first admission message and the second admission message.
In one embodiment, since the first admission message comes from the first device and the second admission message comes from the payment terminal, after receiving the first admission message and the second admission message, the server can determine the parking lot deduction terminal and The payment terminal thinks that the vehicle enters the parking lot, which eliminates the possibility of misreporting from the parking lot deduction terminal or payment terminal, so it can record the admission information; otherwise, for example, when only the first admission message or only the second admission message is received, The server can determine that the vehicle has not entered the parking lot and refuse to record the entry information.
In one embodiment, the admission information may include any information related to the vehicle entering the parking lot, such as the terminal identification, the parking lot identification, and the time T1 of the vehicle entering the parking lot included in the first and second admission messages. The entry time T1 may be the receiving time of the first entry message or the receiving time of the second entry message or the intermediate time between the two receiving times, etc. This specification does not limit this. In fact, since the time interval between the reception time of the first admission message and the second admission message is often very short, there is almost no influence on the length of the parking time that is finally calculated.
In one embodiment, the server may record entry information in a distributed ledger. Taking the blockchain network as an example, the server can run the client of the blockchain network, so that the server is configured as a node in the blockchain network, and the server can be based on its own node identity, The transaction is published in the blockchain network, so that the above entry information is recorded as the transaction content in the distributed ledger of the blockchain network, and the entry information can be recorded in an immutable and traceable manner. Reliability.
In the second stage, steps 406 to 411 are used to realize the process of the vehicle leaving the parking lot.
Step 406: The payment terminal transmits a beacon broadcast signal to the vicinity.
Similar to step 401, the beacon broadcast signal is sent based on the BLE communication protocol. It is a near field communication signal and can only be transmitted within a certain distance near the payment terminal. Therefore, when the vehicle is far away from the parking lot deduction terminal, the parking lot deduction terminal The beacon broadcast signal transmitted by the payment terminal cannot be received by, for example, the second device.
Step 407: After scanning the beacon broadcast signal transmitted by the payment terminal, the second device determines whether the payment terminal meets the connection condition.
Similar to step 402, the parking lot deduction terminal can set connection conditions and detect the scanned beacon broadcast signal to eliminate interference from irrelevant vehicles passing by the second device and the payment terminal itself, which will not be repeated here. .
Step 408: Establish a BLE connection between the payment terminal and the second device.
In an embodiment, based on the established BLE connection, data interaction can be realized between the payment terminal and the second device. Wherein, the payment terminal sends its own terminal identification to the second device. For example, the terminal identification can be the device ID1 of the payment terminal; and the second device sends the parking lot identification of the parking lot to the payment terminal, which can be any that uniquely identifies the parking lot. The identification, for example, can use the device ID2 of the parking lot deduction terminal.
In one embodiment, after the parking lot deduction terminal obtains the device ID1 of the payment terminal through the second device, it can verify the device ID1, such as verifying the ID format, etc., and proceed to step 409A after the verification is passed, otherwise the process is terminated ; Similarly, after receiving the device ID2 as the parking lot identifier, the payment terminal can verify the device ID2, such as verifying the ID format, etc., and proceed to step 409B after verification is passed, otherwise the process is terminated.
Step 409A, the second device sends the first exit message to the server.
In an embodiment, the first departure message includes the device identification of the payment terminal and the parking lot identification of the parking lot, such as the aforementioned device ID1 and device ID2.
Step 409B: The payment terminal sends a second departure message to the server.
In an embodiment, the second departure message includes the device identification of the payment terminal and the parking lot identification of the parking lot, such as the aforementioned device ID1 and device ID2.
Step 410: After receiving the first departure message and the second departure message, the server records the corresponding departure information.
In one embodiment, since the first departure message comes from the first device and the second departure message comes from the payment terminal, after receiving the first departure message and the second departure message, the server can determine the parking lot Both the deduction terminal and the payment terminal think that the vehicle is leaving the parking lot, which eliminates the possibility of false alarms from the parking lot deduction terminal or payment terminal, so it can record departure information; otherwise, for example, only the first departure message is received or only received In the second departure message, the server can determine that the vehicle has not left the parking lot and refuse to record the departure information.
In an embodiment, the departure information may include any information related to the vehicle leaving the parking lot, such as the terminal identification, the parking lot identification, and the departure of the vehicle leaving the parking lot included in the first departure message and the second departure message. Time T2, etc., where the departure time T2 may be the reception time of the first departure message, the reception time of the second departure message, or the intermediate time between the two reception times, etc. This specification does not limit this. In fact, since the reception time of the first departure message and the second departure message are often very short, there is almost no influence on the length of the parking time that is finally calculated.
Similar to the entry information, the server can record the exit information in a distributed ledger, so that the exit information can be recorded in an immutable and traceable manner, with extremely high reliability.
In step 411, the server invokes the smart contract to implement deduction.
In one embodiment, the server can invoke a smart contract so that the smart contract can be automatically realized: according to the terminal ID and the binding relationship between the pre-recorded terminal ID and the payment account, the driver’s payment is determined Account number; calculate the length of the parking time of the vehicle according to the time of entry and departure; according to the parking lot identification, query the preset charging standard of the corresponding parking lot; calculate the parking fee according to the length of the parking time and the charging standard; Relevant parking fees are deducted from the payment account. Since the entire deduction process is automatically completed by a smart contract, human involvement is avoided, which greatly improves accuracy and security.
In one embodiment, after the deduction is completed, the server can send a deduction success notification to the electronic device logging in to the payment account according to the payment account bound to the terminal ID, and the driver can receive the deduction via the mobile phone Successful notification.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a device provided by an exemplary embodiment. Please refer to Figure 6. At the hardware level, the device includes a processor 602, an internal bus 604, a network interface 606, a memory 608, and a non-volatile memory 610. Of course, it may also include hardware required for other services. . The processor 602 reads the corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory 610 to the memory 608 and then runs it to form a parking fee collection device on a logical level. Of course, in addition to software implementation, one or more embodiments of this specification do not exclude other implementations, such as logic devices or a combination of software and hardware, etc., which means that the execution body of the following processing flow is not limited to Each logical unit can also be a hardware or a logical device.
Please refer to Fig. 7, in the software implementation, the parking toll collection device is applied to a payment terminal installed on a vehicle; the device may include:
The first determining unit 701 determines that the payment account of the driver of the vehicle is bound to the terminal identification of the payment terminal;
The first sending unit 702, when recognizing the parking lot deduction terminal installed at the entrance and exit of the parking lot, sends the terminal identification to the parking lot deduction terminal, so that the parking lot deduction terminal can be used when the vehicle enters the parking lot. When sending to the server a first entry message including the terminal identifier and the parking lot identifier of the parking lot, and when the vehicle exits the parking lot, sending the first departure message including the terminal identifier and the parking lot identifier to the server Message, wherein the first entry message and the first exit message are used to instruct the server to deduct the parking fee from the payment account bound to the terminal identifier.
Optional, also includes:
The receiving unit 703 receives the parking lot identifier sent by the parking lot deduction terminal;
The second sending unit 704 sends a second entry message including the terminal identifier and the parking lot identifier to the server when the vehicle enters the parking lot, and sends the server including the terminal when the vehicle exits the parking lot. Identification and the second departure message of the parking lot identification; wherein, the second entrance message is used to indicate the validity of the first entrance message, and the second exit message is used to indicate the first departure message The validity of the message.
Optional, also includes:
The first establishment unit 705 establishes a first near-field communication connection with the parking lot deduction terminal for sending the terminal identification and receiving the parking lot identification.
Optional, also includes:
The second establishing unit 706 establishes a second near field communication connection with an electronic device within a preset distance;
The obtaining unit 707 obtains the information of the payment account logged in on the electronic device through the second near field communication connection, so as to serve as the payment account of the driver of the vehicle.
Optionally, the installation position of the payment terminal on the vehicle is relatively closer to the driver's seat; the device further includes:
The second determining unit 708, when multiple electronic devices are detected, respectively determine the separation distance from each electronic device;
The determining unit 709 determines the electronic device with the closest distance as the driver of the vehicle.
Optional, also includes:
The recognition unit 710 recognizes the physiological characteristics of the driver of the vehicle to determine the payment account of the driver according to the recognition result.
Optional, also includes:
The collecting unit 711 collects driving behavior information;
The third sending unit 712 sends a driving behavior report message to the server, where the driving behavior report message includes the driving behavior information and the terminal identifier, so as to be recorded by the server in a distributed ledger.
The systems, devices, modules or units explained in the above embodiments may be implemented by computer chips or entities, or implemented by products with certain functions. A typical implementation device is a computer. The specific form of the computer can be a personal computer, a laptop computer, a mobile phone, a camera phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email receiving and sending device, and a game control A console, a tablet, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.
In a typical configuration, a computer includes one or more processors (CPU), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
Memory may include non-permanent memory in computer-readable media, random access memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory ( flash RAM). Memory is an example of computer-readable media.
Computer-readable media includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and information storage can be realized by any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), and other types of random access memory (RAM) , Read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, read-only disc (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) ) Or other optical storage, magnetic cassette tape, magnetic disk storage, quantum memory, graphene-based storage media or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by computing devices. According to the definition in this article, computer-readable media does not include transitory media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
It should also be noted that the terms "include", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, product or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes Other elements that are not explicitly listed, or include elements inherent to this process, method, commodity, or equipment. If there are no more restrictions, the element defined by the sentence "including a..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or equipment that includes the element.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of this specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the attached patent application. In some cases, the actions or steps described in the scope of the patent application may be performed in a different order from the embodiment and still achieve desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or sequential order shown in order to achieve the desired result. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.
The terms used in one or more embodiments of this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit one or more embodiments of this specification. The singular forms "a", "the" and "the" used in one or more embodiments of this specification and the scope of the appended patent application are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.
It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used to describe various information in one or more embodiments of this specification, the information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of this specification, the first information can also be referred to as second information, and similarly, the second information can also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "when" or "when" or "in response to certainty".
The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of one or more embodiments of this specification, and are not used to limit one or more embodiments of this specification. All within the spirit and principle of one or more embodiments of this specification, Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made should be included in the protection scope of one or more embodiments of this specification.
