TWI659008B - Continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method, which includes the following steps: (a) adding a reactant to a first fermentation device that has been preheated to above 150 ° C, heating the reactant to above 70 ° C, and reacting about 20 to 30 minutes; (b) adding a strain to the reactant for 60 to 90 minutes; (c) moving the reactant from the first fermentation device to a second fermentation device at a predetermined rate, and the second fermentation device stirring Reactants and maintain the reaction temperature in the second fermentation device; (d) throw the reactants from the second fermentation device into a third fermentation device, and the third fermentation device stirs clockwise or counterclockwise from the bottom at a predetermined rate During the process of moving the reactant from the drop to the bottom, it gradually matures and falls out.

Description

Continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing fertilizer, in particular to a method for manufacturing continuous organic fertilizer.

According to statistics, Taiwan produces up to 30 million metric tons of organic waste a year. Such a huge amount will cause a very considerable waste disposal problem. If it is disposed at will, it will cause very serious environmental pollution problems. There are roughly three ways to treat organic waste: compost, landfill, incineration, and fermentation. Among them, low cost, safe and environmentally friendly compost treatment is an organic waste treatment method that the government has strongly promoted in recent years.

However, the disadvantage of traditional composting is that it takes a period of time to ferment and mature the organic waste into organic fertilizer. During this period, depending on conditions such as temperature, moisture, and oxygen content, it is possible from 2-6 months to 15 days. Not only is it impossible to accurately grasp the production schedule, it is also impossible to estimate the degree of ripening of organic fertilizers. Furthermore, the manual stacking method requires a lot of manpower and man-hours, and also requires a large area and space for stacking, which also produces odor. Finally, the timing of ripening is beyond control.

In order to solve the above problems, Taiwan's new patent No. M515552 "Agricultural and Livestock Waste Treatment Equipment" uses two horizontal reaction tanks to stir to greatly shorten the fermentation time and improve the efficiency of converting organic waste into organic fertilizer. In addition, the Taiwan Invention Patent No. I378086 "Method for Disposing and Reusing Dead Birds' Carcasses and Their Excreta" was used in a heating type closed fermentation equipment to perform two procedures of main fermentation and secondary fermentation. Reduce overall time to about 4-8 days.

However, the organic fertilizer manufacturing method disclosed in the foregoing prior art There are still many ways to improve the productivity of a method or equipment.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method, in which the composting process is truly flowing, continuous and uninterrupted, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.

In order to achieve the foregoing object, the present invention discloses a continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method, which includes the following steps: (a) adding a reactant to a first fermentation device that has been preheated to above 150 ° C, and heating the reactant Above 70 ° C, the reaction takes about 20 to 30 minutes, in which the reactant contains any one of the materials of farm organic waste, livestock waste, agricultural processing by-products or industrial urban organic waste or a mixture of the above materials; (b) adding A strain reacts with the reactant for 60 to 90 minutes; (c) moves the reactant from the first fermentation device to a second fermentation device at a predetermined rate, the second fermentation device stirs the reactant and maintains the second fermentation device Reaction temperature; (d) the reactant is thrown from the second fermentation device into a third fermentation device, and the third fermentation device is stirred at a predetermined rate from the bottom to the clockwise or counterclockwise direction, so that the reactant moves from the drop to The bottom process gradually matures and falls out.

Thereby, the continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method disclosed in the present invention, the various steps in the process are interconnected, and the reactants can be continuously carried out under different reaction environments, so that the process of compost fermentation can be truly continuous, uninterrupted, and fluid. The production effect greatly improves the production efficiency.

The continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method disclosed in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the heating temperature in step (a) may preferably be between 70 ° C and 90 ° C; the livestock waste may include chicken, duck, goose, Feces, urine, processed carcasses, or a mixture of the above materials from poultry or livestock such as pigs and cattle.

In the continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method disclosed in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature in the second fermentation device in step (c) can be maintained between 50 ° C and 70 ° C, and the reaction is performed for 2 to 8 hours.

Continuous organic fertilizer disclosed in another preferred embodiment of the present invention Material manufacturing method, wherein the third fermentation device in step (d) may be provided with a stirring device at the bottom, and the stirring device is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise with the center point of the bottom of the third fermentation device as a circle center, and at the same time, the reactants are directed from outside to inside Driven by the center of the circle; and the reactants in the third fermentation device can form a continuous gradient from top to bottom and from outside to inside to perform the ripening reaction; and the reactants can stay in the third fermentation tank for about 7 days.

The continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method disclosed in another preferred embodiment of the present invention further includes the following steps: (e) re-feed the reactant into the third fermentation device, and repeat step (d).

The continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method disclosed in another preferred embodiment of the present invention further includes the following steps: (f) After collecting and storing the reactants in a sealed tank truck, it is poured into the first fermentation device.

The continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method disclosed in another preferred embodiment of the present invention further includes the following steps: (g) dropping the reactant from the third fermentation device into a granulation device for granulation or direct packaging.

The detailed features of the present invention will be described in the subsequent detailed description. However, those having ordinary knowledge in the field of the present invention should understand that the detailed descriptions and the specific embodiments listed in the implementation of the present invention are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

S10, S20, S30, S40, S50, S60, S70‧‧‧ steps

10‧‧‧The first fermentation device

12‧‧‧The first conveying device

20‧‧‧Second fermentation device

22‧‧‧Second Conveyor

30‧‧‧Third fermentation device

32‧‧‧mixing device

34‧‧‧ Fourth Conveyor

40‧‧‧Sealed Tank Truck

42‧‧‧Third Conveyor

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of operations in steps S40 and S60.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Please refer to FIGS. 1 and 2. The continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method provided by the present invention includes steps S10, S20, S30, and S40.

First, step S10 is to add a reactant to a first fermentation device 10 which has been preheated to above 150 ° C, and heat the reactant to above 70 ° C. It is preferably between 70 ° C and 90 ° C, and the reaction is carried out for about 20 to 30 minutes. Wherein, the reactant includes any one of the materials of farm organic waste, livestock waste, agricultural processing by-products, or industrial urban organic waste, or a mixture of the above materials. Organic waste on the farm is mainly crop residues produced by agriculture, including rice bran, bagasse, rice paddy, and mushroom waste packages. Poultry waste, including feces, urine, processed carcasses, or a mixture of the above-mentioned poultry or livestock such as chickens, ducks, geese, pigs, and cattle. Agricultural processing by-products, including blood meal, dried meat meal, fish bone or meat-containing bones of poultry, fish meal, and oil meal. Industrial urban organic waste, including feathers, bark, sawdust, sludge, kitchen waste, fruit and vegetable residues, and other household waste. Through high-temperature heating, more than 90% of pathogens and 100% of eggs and weed seeds in the reactants are killed.

Next, step S20 is adding a strain to the reactant. At the current temperature, the reaction is performed in the first fermentation device 10 for 60 to 90 minutes, so that the strain used in the composting process is inoculated into the reactant to activate the strain. Strains commonly used in commerce include: rhizobium nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-soluble bacteria, silicate bacteria, bacterial-promoting fungi, actinomycetes, mineralized and mature organic fertilizers. Wait.

When the first fermentation device 10 is preheated to 150 ° C, the added reactants can be heated up rapidly in step S10, and coupled with the activation of the strain during the reaction in step S20, heat energy is generated, so that the first fermentation device 10 can be easily In the reaction process of steps S10 and S20, the reaction environment is maintained at a predetermined temperature, and the number and time of heating required in the processes of steps S10 and S20 are reduced to achieve the effect of effective energy saving.

Step S30 is to move the reactants from the first fermentation device 10 to a second fermentation device 20 at a predetermined rate, and the second fermentation device 20 stirs the reactants and maintains the reaction temperature in the second fermentation device 20. Among them, the second fermentation device 20 is a drum-type tumbling tank, and the tumbling tank adopts a thermal insulation design, so that the temperature in the second fermentation device 20 can be maintained at 50 ° C to 70 ° C through the heat energy emitted by the fermentation. To meet the growth temperature of the strain The strain undergoes a bacterial expansion reaction in the reactant, and the time for the bacterial expansion reaction is 2 to 8 hours.

As shown in FIG. 2, in actual operation, the first fermentation tank 10 and the second fermentation tank 20 move a reactant in the first fermentation tank 10 to the second fermentation tank 20 through a first conveying device 12. In this case, the first conveying device 12 may be a spiral conveying pipe, and the time required for the expansion reaction and the feeding amount of the reactants are used to divide or quantify the feeding. In this way, the rate at which the reactants move from the first fermentation tank 10 to the second fermentation tank 20 is determined, and the rolling speed of the second fermentation tank 20 is adjusted in accordance with the feed rate, so that the reactants stay in the second fermentation tank 20 After 8 hours, they fall in sequence from the exit. Further, a dynamic balance is achieved among the four variables of the input and output amount, the length and rotation speed of the second fermentation tank 20, and the residence time of the reactants in the second fermentation tank 20. For example: 300 kg of reactants that have completed the reaction from the first fermentation device 10 are sent to the second fermentation tank 20 within 100 minutes. The feed amount per minute is 3 kg, and the length of the second fermentation tank 20 is 5 At a rotation speed of 3 meters per minute, the second fermentation device 20 can make the blank material fall at an output of 3 kg per minute. Such a process can not only enable the reactants to maintain the reaction temperature and save energy during the expansion reaction, but also allow the reactants to flow in a continuous and uninterrupted manner during the continuous fermentation process.

In step S40, the reactant is input from the second fermentation device 20 into a third fermentation device 30, and the third fermentation device 30 is stirred at a predetermined rate from the bottom to the clockwise or counterclockwise direction, so that the reactant moves from the drop to the bottom. Gradually mature in the process and fall out. In actual operation, the reactants stay in the third fermentation tank 30 for about 7 days to perform the ripening reaction. As shown in FIG. 2, the second fermentation device 20 and the third fermentation device 30 are connected through a second conveying device 22 to move the reactants dropped at the exit of the second fermentation device 20 to the third fermentation device 30. The third fermentation device 30 may be an upright fermentation tank, and the bottom of the third fermentation device 30 is provided with a stirring device 32. The stirring device 32 uses the center point of the bottom of the third fermentation device 30 as the center of the circle clockwise or counterclockwise. Rotate, and at the same time drive the reactants from the outside to the center of the circle, so that the reactants stacked in the third fermentation device 30 form a continuous gradient from top to bottom and from outside to inside to perform a ripening reaction, and then react After being fully cooked, it falls out from the center of the bottom of the third fermentation tank 30 as shown in FIG. 3.

According to the above description, in the continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method disclosed in the present invention, in the process of compost fermentation, the various steps in the process are interconnected, and the reactants can sequentially pass through the first fermentation device 10, the second fermentation device 20, and The third fermentation device 30 and other different reaction environments are continuously carried out. Under the control of computer-controlled temperature, humidity and conveying speed during the whole process, various reactants such as organic waste during the compost fermentation process are truly continuous, uninterrupted and flowing. The production effect is greatly improved. And can meet the compost yard setting standards point five first, two, and three are closed treatment, and meet the requirements of the sixth point. Through experimental tests, the continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method disclosed in the present invention can shorten the compost fermentation process to about 8 days, and the monthly production capacity can reach 10,000 tons.

FIG. 4 is a continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method provided by another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the previous embodiment, the continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method provided by another preferred embodiment further includes step S50. With S60.

Please refer to FIG. 2 together. In step S50, the reactants are collected and stored in a sealed tank transportation vehicle 40, and then poured into the first fermentation device 10 for reaction. The sealed tanker 40 is used to collect and transport to various places, and then is poured into the first fermentation device 10 through a third conveying device 42 to start the production of organic fertilizer. During the process, the time and possibility of organic waste being exposed to or in contact with the outside world Minimized to achieve cleanliness and odorless effect.

Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 again, in step S60, the reactant is put into the third fermentation device again, and step S40 is repeated. Because in actual operation, in order to achieve the effect of full ripening, the reactants that have fallen out will be transported from the discharge place to the input place by the fourth conveying device 34, and then put in again, Carry out the second or more ripening reaction, in order to achieve the best ripening effect of the reactants.

In step S70, the reactants are dropped from the third fermentation device 30 into a granulation device for granulation, or directly packaged into the final organic fertilizer product.

Through the above steps, the continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention can be integrated into a consistent and continuous operation from the collection of organic waste at the beginning to the final processing and packaging of the fertilizer, in addition to the substantial In addition to increasing production efficiency and reducing labor costs, the odor in the process can be effectively reduced, so that the effect of non-landing in the process of organic waste reprocessing is achieved. If it is further integrated with automatic control equipment, it can better achieve the ultimate goal of the entire automated operation.

It must be explained here that the detailed description given above in conjunction with the drawings is only an embodiment provided to explain the technical content and features of the present invention. Those who have general general knowledge in the technical field of the present invention, After understanding the technical content and features of the present invention, all the simple modifications, replacements, or component reductions made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the patent application disclosed below.

Claims (10)

A continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method includes the following steps: (a) adding a reactant to a first fermentation device that has been preheated to above 150 ° C, heating the reactant to above 70 ° C, and reacting for about 20 To 30 minutes, wherein the reactant comprises any material from farm organic waste, livestock waste, agricultural processing by-products or industrial urban organic waste or a mixture of the above materials; (b) adding a strain to the reactant React for 60 to 90 minutes; (c) move the reactant from the first fermentation device to a second fermentation device at a predetermined rate, the second fermentation device stirs the reactant and maintains the Reaction temperature; (d) throwing the reactant from the second fermentation device into a third fermentation device, the third fermentation device stirs clockwise or counterclockwise from the bottom at a predetermined rate, so that the reactant falls down During the process of moving from the bottom to the bottom, it gradually matures and falls out. The reactants in the third fermentation device form a continuous gradient from top to bottom and from outside to inside to perform the ripening reaction. The continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature in step (a) is between 70 ° C and 90 ° C. The continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the livestock waste in step (a) is poultry or livestock manure, urine, processed carcasses, or a mixture of the above materials. The continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein the poultry or livestock is chicken, duck, goose, pig, or cattle. The continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature in the second fermentation device in step (c) is maintained between 50 ° C and 70 ° C, and the reaction is performed for 2 to 8 hours. The continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (d), a stirring device is provided at the bottom of the third fermentation device, and the stirring device uses the center point of the bottom of the third fermentation device as the circle center clockwise or Turn counterclockwise while driving the reactant from the outside to the center of the circle. The continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the reactant stays in the third fermentation tank for about 7 days in step (d). The continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method described in claim 1 further includes the following steps: (e) re-input the reactant into the third fermentation device, and repeating step (d). The continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method according to item 1 of the claim, further comprising the following steps: (f) after collecting and storing the reactants in a sealed tank truck, and pouring them into the first fermentation device. The continuous organic fertilizer manufacturing method according to item 1 of the claim, further comprising the following steps: (g) dropping the reactant from the third fermentation device into a granulation device for granulation or direct packaging.