TWI651293B - 韌性陶瓷材料 - Google Patents

韌性陶瓷材料 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
TWI651293B
TWI651293B TW106140767A TW106140767A TWI651293B TW I651293 B TWI651293 B TW I651293B TW 106140767 A TW106140767 A TW 106140767A TW 106140767 A TW106140767 A TW 106140767A TW I651293 B TWI651293 B TW I651293B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
phase
ceramic material
refractory metal
boride
implementation
Prior art date
Application number
TW106140767A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TW201925142A (zh
Inventor
陳瑞凱
Original Assignee
國立清華大學
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 國立清華大學 filed Critical 國立清華大學
Priority to TW106140767A priority Critical patent/TWI651293B/zh
Priority to CN201810195522.XA priority patent/CN109824363A/zh
Priority to US15/962,101 priority patent/US10562821B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI651293B publication Critical patent/TWI651293B/zh
Publication of TW201925142A publication Critical patent/TW201925142A/zh

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/5805—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides
    • C04B35/58064—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides based on refractory borides
    • C04B35/58071—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides based on refractory borides based on titanium borides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/5607—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides
    • C04B35/5611—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides based on titanium carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/5607—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides
    • C04B35/5626—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides based on tungsten carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/563—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on boron carbide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/5805—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides
    • C04B35/58064—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides based on refractory borides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/5805—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides
    • C04B35/58064—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides based on refractory borides
    • C04B35/58078—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides based on refractory borides based on zirconium or hafnium borides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/653—Processes involving a melting step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/653—Processes involving a melting step
    • C04B35/657—Processes involving a melting step for manufacturing refractories
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3804—Borides
    • C04B2235/3813—Refractory metal borides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3817—Carbides
    • C04B2235/3821—Boron carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3817—Carbides
    • C04B2235/3826—Silicon carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3817—Carbides
    • C04B2235/3839—Refractory metal carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3817—Carbides
    • C04B2235/3839—Refractory metal carbides
    • C04B2235/3843—Titanium carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3817—Carbides
    • C04B2235/3839—Refractory metal carbides
    • C04B2235/3847—Tungsten carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/40—Metallic constituents or additives not added as binding phase
    • C04B2235/404—Refractory metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/61—Mechanical properties, e.g. fracture toughness, hardness, Young's modulus or strength
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/658—Atmosphere during thermal treatment
    • C04B2235/6581—Total pressure below 1 atmosphere, e.g. vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/80—Phases present in the sintered or melt-cast ceramic products other than the main phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

一種韌性陶瓷材料，該韌性陶瓷材料的組成係由至少一種硼化物及一種耐火金屬或是至少兩種硼化物、至少一種碳化物及一種耐火金屬，其中使用上述材料進行加熱熔煉能夠形成該韌性陶瓷材料，而於加熱熔煉為韌性陶瓷材料的過程中，該耐火金屬皆會與硼化物或/及碳化物反應，因此金屬膠結相會流失而形成為一具有高韌性的純陶瓷結構。

Description

韌性陶瓷材料
本發明係關於一種韌性陶瓷材料，特別是一種能夠將至少一種硼化物及一種耐火金屬或是至少兩種硼化物、至少一種碳化物及一種耐火金屬進行加熱熔煉形成為一具有高韌性的純陶瓷結構。
Cemented carbides為膠結碳化物，是一種由WC與Co組成的複合材料。十九世紀初，Henri Moissan人造合成碳化鎢(WC)。碳化鎢硬度高，原欲作為鑽石的替代材料，卻因存在易脆及孔洞等缺點，而不便用於工程上。1923年Schröter 和Baumhauer發現碳化鎢與鈷或鎳，經燒結製程後，可同時保有陶瓷材料的硬度，以及金屬的韌性，這對模具工業，造成巨大影響，材料並廣泛應用在切削工具、礦產採掘、與軍事武器的部分零件上。原料鎢約有60 %用在膠結碳化物的生產上。1930年使用需求量為十公噸，2008年使用需求量則達五萬公噸，78年內成長了5000倍。
膠結碳化物由兩部份組成，一為強化相、另一為膠結相。如上述所提的碳化鎢WC扮演著強化相的角色，擁有高熔點、高韌性、以及良好抗磨耗等特性，而鈷則為膠結相，擁有金屬良好的導電、導熱性之外，還有提供最重要的特性--韌度，使複材不易脆裂。近年的研究，大多以WC 與 Co系統硬質金屬為基礎，將強化相衍生出TiC與TaC等，膠結相衍生出Mo, Ni與Fe等，並通稱這些材料為「瓷金複材」 (Cermet composites)；傳統Hard metals硬質金屬以及瓷金複材，主要生產製程為燒結法，並且將膠結相進行「少量」之多元添加；然而，上述以傳統燒結法製成的超硬合金需擔心複材緻密度問題，且製程相對較複雜，成本較高，複材的工作溫度也有其極限。
因此，若能夠以熔煉方式進行製備材料，將能夠克服上述問題，然而若是能夠於加熱熔煉為韌性陶瓷材料的過程中，透過不同配方，使耐火金屬能夠僅與硼化物或/及碳化物反應，而金屬膠結相會流失並形成為一具有高韌性的純陶瓷結構，如此應為一最佳解決方案。
一種韌性陶瓷材料，該韌性陶瓷材料的組成係為至少一種硼化物及一種耐火金屬，其中該硼化物係選自於TiB 2、ZrB 2、NbB 2、HfB 2、TaB 2、W 2B 5，而該耐火金屬係為鎢或鉭，其中使用硼化物與耐火金屬進行加熱熔煉形成該韌性陶瓷材料。
於一較佳實施例中，其中使用硼化物與耐火金屬進行加熱熔煉為韌性陶瓷材料的過程中，該耐火金屬皆會與硼化物反應，因此金屬膠結相會流失而形成為一純陶瓷結構。
於一較佳實施例中，其中韌性陶瓷材料之微結構係由MB 2相、MB相或/及W 2B相所組成。
一種韌性陶瓷材料，該韌性陶瓷材料的組成係為至少兩種硼化物、至少一種碳化物及一種耐火金屬，其中該硼化物係選自於TiB 2、ZrB 2，而該碳化物係選自於SiC、B 4C、TiC、NbC、TaC、WC，且該耐火金屬係為鎢，其中使用硼化物、碳化物與耐火金屬進行加熱熔煉形成該韌性陶瓷材料。
於一較佳實施例中，其中使用硼化物、碳化物與耐火金屬進行加熱熔煉為韌性陶瓷材料的過程中，該耐火金屬會與硼化物或/及碳化物反應，因此金屬膠結相會流失而形成為一純陶瓷結構。
於一較佳實施例中，其中韌性陶瓷材料之微結構係由MB 2相、MC相、MB相或/及W 2B相所組成。
有關於本發明其他技術內容、特點與功效，在以下配合參考圖式之較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可清楚的呈現。
請參閱第1圖，其製備方法如下： (1) 本發明是將至少一種硼化物及一種耐火金屬(或是至少兩種硼化物、至少一種碳化物及一種耐火金屬)充分混合後，置於真空電弧熔煉爐之水冷銅模的凹槽中101； (2) 之後將真空電弧熔煉爐抽真空(將腔體壓力抽至2.4 × 10 -2torr)後，通純氬氣(Ar氣體)使壓力提升至8.0 torr左右，並再度抽真空(抽至2.4 × 10 -2torr，此通Ar氣體再抽氣的動作稱為purge)，而上述動作反覆數次後，最後通Ar氣體使腔體壓力回到8.0 torr並進行熔煉102； (3) 而熔煉完成後待試片冷卻，將其翻面後再度熔煉，並反覆此動作數次，以確保試片的均勻度，最後等待試片冷卻後，使腔體壓力回到1大氣壓，並取出所形成的韌性陶瓷材料試片103。
而本發明會舉出幾個以下不同實施例，以下幾個實施例皆能夠明顯看出金屬膠結相會流失並形成為一具有高韌性的純陶瓷結構，其中第一實施(B1B2 + Ta)之成份為 (TiB 2) 0.3(ZrB 2) 0.3Ta 0.4，其中XRD分析如第2圖所示，峰值分析顯示相組成為MB, MB 2, M 2B，且明顯沒有膠結相Ta固溶體訊號，其中第一實施所製備出的韌性陶瓷材料具有近似純陶瓷之特性，且M 2B相分率高造成機械性質硬脆，整體硬度值為1842 ± 74 HV，破裂韌性為6.44 ± 0.99 MPa m 1/2。
其中第二實施(SB4)的成份為(NbB 2) 0.6W 0.4，其中XRD峰值第3圖所示，峰值顯示此成份有三種相，分別為M 2B, MB, MB 2，由於第二實施中之W幾乎全和B反應形成MB或M 2B，因此耐火金屬膠結相流失形成純陶瓷結構，而第二實施之硬度和韌性表現算是相當優秀，複材整體硬度值為1944 ± 56 HV，破裂韌性為7.72 ± 0.72 MPa m 1/2。
其中第三實施(B3B5)的成份為[(HfB 2)(TaB 2)] 0.6W 0.4，其中XRD峰值如第4圖所示，峰值顯示此成份有三種相，分別為M 2B, MB, MB 2，而第三實施之成份整體硬度值為1911 ± 93 HV，破裂韌性為5.12 ± 0.34 MPa m 1/2。
其中第四實施（ B3B6）的成份為[(HfB 2)(W 2B 5) 0.5] 0.6W 0.4，其中XRD峰值如第5圖所示，峰值顯示此成份有兩種相，分別為MB及MB 2，而第四實施之整體硬度值為1841 ± 87 HV，破裂韌性為5.66 ± 0.34 MPa m 1/2。
其中第五實施（ B4B5）的成份為[(NbB 2)(TaB 2)] 0.6W 0.4，其中XRD峰值如第6圖所示，峰值顯示此成份有兩種相，分別為MB及MB 2，第五實施中同樣沒有保留住膠結相，因此同為純陶瓷的結構，而複材整體硬度值為1996 ± 81 HV，破裂韌性為6.06 ± 0.24 MPa m 1/2。
其中第六實施（B4B6）的成份為[(NbB 2)(W 2B 5) 0.5] 0.6W 0.4，其中XRD峰值如第7圖所示，峰值顯示此成份有三種相，分別為M 2B, MB, MB 2，而第六實施之硬度韌性表現相當良好，此成份整體硬度值為2165 ± 28 HV，破裂韌性為7.88 ± 0.17 MPa m 1/2。
其中第七實施（(6B)6W4）的成份為[(TiB 2)(ZrB 2)(HfB 2)(NbB 2)(TaB 2)(W 2B 5) 0.5] 0.6W 0.4，其中XRD峰值如第8圖所示，峰值顯示此成份有兩種相，分別為MB及MB 2，而第七實施之整體硬度為1841 ± 87 HV，破裂韌性為5.06 ± 0.41 MPa m 1/2。
其中第八實施（B3B4 + W）的成份為[(HfB 2)(NbB 2)] 0.4W 0.6，其中XRD峰值如第9圖所示，峰值顯示此成份有三種相，分別為M 2B, MB, MB 2，而第八實施也如同前幾個實施例一般，也是失去金屬膠結相（大部份鎢金屬皆反應形成此硬脆相以及部份形成MB），而複材整體硬度值為1742 ± 48 HV，破裂韌性為6.88 ± 0.44 MPa m 1/2。
其中第九實施（B3B5 + W）的成份為[(HfB 2)(TaB 2)] 0.4W 0.6，其中XRD峰值如第10圖所示，峰值顯示此成份有兩種相，分別為W 2B和MB，而第九實施也同樣沒有明顯膠結相殘留，其整體硬度值為1863 ± 66 HV，破裂韌性為6.56 ± 0.44 MPa m 1/2。
其中第十實施（(5B)5W5）的成份為[(TiB 2)(ZrB 2)(HfB 2)(NbB 2)(TaB 2)] 0.5W 0.5，其中XRD峰值如第11圖所示，峰值顯示此成份有三種相，分別為W 2B, MB, MB 2，而第十實施之成份整體硬度值為2076 ± 56 HV，破裂韌性為5.99 ± 0.50 MPa m 1/2。
其中第十一實施（(4B)4W6）的成份為[(TiB 2)(ZrB 2)(NbB 2)(TaB 2)] 0.4W 0.6，其XRD峰值如第12圖所示，峰值顯示此成份有三種相，同樣為W 2B, MB, MB 2，其機械性質和(5B)5W5相近，硬度值為2045 ± 47 HV，破裂韌性為5.77 ± 0.37 MPa m 1/2。
其中第十二實施（+ SiC）的成份為[(TiB 2)(ZrB 2)(SiC)] 0.6W 0.4，其中XRD峰值如第13圖所示，峰值顯示此成份有四種相，分別為SiC, MSi 2, MB, MB 2，此試片的整體硬度值為1898 ± 65 HV，破裂韌性為5.89 ± 0.53 MPa m 1/2。
其中第十三實施（+B 4C）的成份為[(TiB 2)(ZrB 2)(B 4C)] 0.6W 0.4，其中XRD峰值如第14圖所示，峰值顯示此成份有三種相，分別為MC, MB, MB 2，本實施例成份因含有過多硼原子而產生大量粗大的MB 2相以及少量MB相，膠結相鎢均反應成此類陶瓷硼化物因而沒有觀察到有金屬固溶體生成。
其中第十四實施（+TZ）的成份為[(TiC)(NbC)(TaC)(WC)(TiB 2)(ZrB 2)] 0.6W 0.4，其中XRD峰值如第15圖所示，峰值顯示此成份有三種相，分別為MC, MB及M 2B，本實施例中微結構中未觀察到膠結相鎢固溶體，也沒有原先NT系列的層狀結構，僅有大量M 2B伴隨MC點狀分佈其中，其整體硬度值為2203 ± 83 HV，破裂韌性為6.03 ± 0.25 MPa m 1/2。
而上述實施中的微結構都沒有觀察到金屬膠結相殘留，因成份中含有大量的硼原子，加上金屬膠結相易和硼反應，因此難以保留膠結相鎢固溶體，故複材會形成近似純陶瓷的結構。
本發明所提供之韌性陶瓷材料，與其他習用技術相互比較時，其優點如下： 1. 本發明能夠以熔煉方式進行製備材料，將能夠克服上述問題，然而若是能夠於加熱熔煉為韌性陶瓷材料的過程中，透過不同配方，使耐火金屬能夠僅與硼化物或/及碳化物反應，而金屬膠結相會流失並形成為一具有高韌性的純陶瓷結構。 2. 由於本發明是的韌性陶瓷是由熔融反應而來，更由於因熔融製成而可有100%密度，而有高韌性，且熔煉出的製品更具有一定的硬度及韌性，且高溫下的硬度穩定性好，因此非常是適用於一般產業的使用。
本發明已透過上述之實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何熟悉此一技術領域具有通常知識者，在瞭解本發明前述的技術特徵及實施例，並在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作些許之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之專利保護範圍須視本說明書所附之請求項所界定者為準。
<TABLE border="1" borderColor="#000000" width="85%"><TBODY><tr><td> 無 </td></tr></TBODY></TABLE>
[第1圖]係本發明韌性陶瓷材料之製備流程示意圖。 [第2圖]係本發明韌性陶瓷材料之第一實施之XRD分析示意圖。 [第3圖]係本發明韌性陶瓷材料之第二實施之XRD分析示意圖。 [第4圖]係本發明韌性陶瓷材料之第三實施之XRD分析示意圖。 [第5圖]係本發明韌性陶瓷材料之第四實施之XRD分析示意圖。 [第6圖]係本發明韌性陶瓷材料之第五實施之XRD分析示意圖。 [第7圖]係本發明韌性陶瓷材料之第六實施之XRD分析示意圖。 [第8圖]係本發明韌性陶瓷材料之第七實施之XRD分析示意圖。 [第9圖]係本發明韌性陶瓷材料之第八實施之XRD分析示意圖。 [第10圖]係本發明韌性陶瓷材料之第九實施之XRD分析示意圖。 [第11圖]係本發明韌性陶瓷材料之第十實施之XRD分析示意圖。 [第12圖]係本發明韌性陶瓷材料之第十一實施之XRD分析示意圖。 [第13圖]係本發明韌性陶瓷材料之第十二實施之XRD分析示意圖。 [第14圖]係本發明韌性陶瓷材料之第十三實施之XRD分析示意圖。 [第15圖]係本發明韌性陶瓷材料之第十四實施之XRD分析示意圖。

Claims (2)

  1. 一種韌性陶瓷材料，該韌性陶瓷材料的組成係為至少一種硼化物及一種耐火金屬，其中該硼化物係選自於TiB2、ZrB2、NbB2、HfB2、TaB2、W2B5，而該耐火金屬係為鎢或鉭，其中使用硼化物與耐火金屬進行加熱熔煉形成該韌性陶瓷材料，而該韌性陶瓷材料之微結構係由MB2相、MB相或/及W2B相所組成，且使用硼化物與耐火金屬進行加熱熔煉為韌性陶瓷材料的過程中，該耐火金屬皆會與硼化物反應，因此金屬膠結相會流失而形成為一純陶瓷結構。
  2. 一種韌性陶瓷材料，該韌性陶瓷材料的組成係為至少兩種硼化物、至少一種碳化物及一種耐火金屬，其中該硼化物係選自於TiB2、ZrB2，而該碳化物係選自於SiC、B4C、TiC、NbC、TaC、WC，且該耐火金屬係為鎢，其中使用硼化物、碳化物與耐火金屬進行加熱熔煉形成該韌性陶瓷材料，而該韌性陶瓷材料之微結構係由MB2相、MC相、MB相或/及W2B相所組成，且使用硼化物、碳化物與耐火金屬進行加熱熔煉為韌性陶瓷材料的過程中，該耐火金屬會與硼化物或/及碳化物反應，因此金屬膠結相會流失而形成為一純陶瓷結構。
TW106140767A 2017-11-23 2017-11-23 韌性陶瓷材料 TWI651293B (zh)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW106140767A TWI651293B (zh) 2017-11-23 2017-11-23 韌性陶瓷材料
CN201810195522.XA CN109824363A (zh) 2017-11-23 2018-03-09 韧性陶瓷材料
US15/962,101 US10562821B2 (en) 2017-11-23 2018-04-25 Toughened ceramic material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW106140767A TWI651293B (zh) 2017-11-23 2017-11-23 韌性陶瓷材料

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
TWI651293B true TWI651293B (zh) 2019-02-21
TW201925142A TW201925142A (zh) 2019-07-01

Family

ID=66214033

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW106140767A TWI651293B (zh) 2017-11-23 2017-11-23 韌性陶瓷材料

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US10562821B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN109824363A (zh)
TW (1) TWI651293B (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110282977B (zh) * 2019-06-17 2021-01-08 东北大学 一种B4C/TiB2层状复合陶瓷材料的制备方法
CN111875399B (zh) * 2020-07-31 2022-07-12 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 一种多元增韧的碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料制备方法
CN114472896B (zh) * 2022-01-20 2023-12-12 南京惠诚工具制造有限公司 钎焊工具坯体硬度加强方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW201500326A (zh) * 2013-06-21 2015-01-01 Nat Univ Tsing Hua 超高熔點耐火金屬基陶瓷化合物熔融型多重複合材料
TW201726582A (zh) * 2016-01-29 2017-08-01 國立清華大學 複合材料

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH690129A5 (de) * 1994-09-29 2000-05-15 Kyocera Corp Silberfarbenes, gesintertes Produkt, und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung.
US8142749B2 (en) * 2008-11-17 2012-03-27 Kennametal Inc. Readily-densified titanium diboride and process for making same
US20180290934A1 (en) * 2013-06-21 2018-10-11 National Tsing Hua University Refractory metal matrix-ceramic compound multi-component composite material with super-high melting point
TWI530570B (zh) * 2014-11-25 2016-04-21 Nation Tsing Hua University 耐火金屬膠結之熔融碳化物
EP3224222B1 (en) * 2014-11-26 2019-05-08 Corning Incorporated Composite ceramic composition and method of forming same
TWI628289B (zh) * 2016-12-22 2018-07-01 國立清華大學 複合材料

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW201500326A (zh) * 2013-06-21 2015-01-01 Nat Univ Tsing Hua 超高熔點耐火金屬基陶瓷化合物熔融型多重複合材料
TW201726582A (zh) * 2016-01-29 2017-08-01 國立清華大學 複合材料

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20190152865A1 (en) 2019-05-23
TW201925142A (zh) 2019-07-01
CN109824363A (zh) 2019-05-31
US10562821B2 (en) 2020-02-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Demirskyi et al. High-temperature reactive spark plasma consolidation of TiB2–NbC ceramic composites
TWI651293B (zh) 韌性陶瓷材料
Shon et al. Simultaneous synthesis and densification of Ti5Si3 and Ti5Si3–20 vol% ZrO2 composites by field-activated and pressure-assisted combustion
ES2535752T3 (es) Método para producir un cuerpo compuesto sinterizado
CN108642361B (zh) 一种高强度高硬度陶瓷材料及其生产工艺
TWI652352B (zh) 共晶瓷金材料
Cheloui et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of TiB–TiB2 ceramic matrix composites fabricated by spark plasma sintering
CN110655404A (zh) 一种钛碳化硅基复合陶瓷材料及其制备工艺
Zhang et al. Low temperature densification mechanism and properties of Ta1-xHfxC solid solutions with decarbonization and phase transition of Cr3C2
TWI530570B (zh) 耐火金屬膠結之熔融碳化物
CN113278858B (zh) 一种Y2(Zr)O3增硬增韧WC-Co硬质合金材料及其制备方法
US20170217839A1 (en) Composites with one or multiple principal strengthening compounds and at least one principal cemented refractory metal
TWI628289B (zh) 複合材料
Zavareh et al. TiC–TiB2 composites: A review of processing, properties and applications
Song et al. Effects of HfN content and metallic additives on the microstructure and mechanical properties of TiC0. 7N0. 3-based ceramic tool materials
Ji et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of self-diffusion gradient cermet composite tool materials with different characteristics of surface layer
Borrell et al. Bulk TiCxN1− x–15% Co cermets obtained by direct spark plasma sintering of mechanochemical synthesized powders
US20180290934A1 (en) Refractory metal matrix-ceramic compound multi-component composite material with super-high melting point
CN113825855A (zh) 含有大量耐熔金属和硼的镍基大块金属玻璃合金
Chen et al. Fabrication of WC-TiC-Co Cemented Carbide at Different Heating Rate by Micro-FAST process
JP2021521334A (ja) ターゲット及びターゲットの製造方法
JPH0687656A (ja) タンタル含有複合化合物基焼結体及びその製造方法
Qiao et al. Fabrication, microstructure and mechanical properties of novel cemented hard alloy obtained by mechanical alloying and hot-pressing sintering
CN110004346B (zh) 一种Cr-C-N基金属陶瓷及其制备方法
JP2001146474A (ja) 二硼化チタンセラミックス焼結体および製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
MM4A Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees