TWI639699B - Method for screening fused cells - Google Patents
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- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
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Abstract
本發明係揭露一種篩選融合細胞之方法,其係透過外源標記之表現,例如螢光標記,以及細胞尺寸大小,以分離出融合成功之融合細胞,能夠節省以如HAT篩選培養基進行篩選培養之時間,據以有效地縮短製備單株細胞之時程。
Description
本發明係有關於單株抗體,特別係指一種篩選融合細胞之方法。
按,於1975年之研究中係揭露以融合瘤製備單株抗體之技術,而該技術主要係透過將抗原多次注射至動物體內,使該動物產生免疫反應,製造出抗體,再將該動物之脾臟細胞利用聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol,PEG)與骨髓瘤細胞進行融合反應。藉由骨髓瘤細胞及脾臟脾細胞之特性,如體外生存壽命、核酸生合成之能力,並且搭配HAT培養基(Hypoxanthine、Aminopterin、Thymidine),篩選出脾臟細胞與骨髓瘤細胞融合成功之細胞,再將篩選出之融合細胞單株化,最後以酵素連結免疫吸附分析法偵測抗原之專一性。一般來說,動物藉由免疫反應產生抗體須耗時至少1個月,進行融合反應約耗時1天,以HAT培養基篩選融合細胞須耗時數週,單株化融合細胞須耗時1個月,最後偵測抗原專一性亦須1個月。
由上可知,製備單株抗體約需要3-6個月之時間,因而面對市場上對於開發抗體之需求及新抗體之商機與日俱增,礙於製備流程之故,仍無法快速獲得有效之抗體。雖然目前有研究於抗原設計及免疫過程之技術中有重大突破,能有效地縮短免應反應之時程,惟,仍無法有效地縮短篩選出抗原專一抗體之時程,即便目前有大型公司以機器人做高通量
篩選,但是,此種篩選方式須耗費大量金錢,無法應用於各規模之開發廠商。
據此,目前單株抗體之技術仍存在製備時間過長、成本過高等缺失,是以,開發出一種能夠快速篩選抗原專一性抗體之方法乃為目前生醫產業之重要課題。
本發明之主要目的即在於提供一種篩選融合細胞之方法,其係透過分析外源標記之有無及細胞尺寸,達到快速分離一融合細胞之功效。
本發明之另一目的係在於提供一種篩選融合細胞之方法,其係不須透過篩選培養基而能分離出一融合細胞,俾以大幅地縮短單株抗體開發之時程。
本發明之次一目的係在於提供一種篩選融合細胞之方法,其操作方式簡單,不會增加開發時之技術難度及成本,有利於各規模廠商量產單株抗體。
據此,為能達成上述功效,本發明所揭一種篩選融合細胞之方法,其以細胞融合法處理該經抗原免疫之脾細胞與一瘤細胞,藉由分析細胞之尺寸與外源標記之表現,篩選出一融合細胞;其中,其特徵在於:
該融合細胞係能表現該外源標記,並且,其尺寸係大於該脾細胞及該瘤細胞。
較佳地,該外源標記為螢光標記。
較佳地,該脾細胞係能表現螢光而使該融合細胞能夠表現螢光,其中,該脾細胞係來自於一非人類之螢光蛋白基因轉殖動物,或是於
融合前先經螢光抗體染色法處理之。
較佳地,該瘤細胞係能表現螢光而使該融合細胞能夠表現螢光,其中,該瘤細胞係具有一螢光蛋白基因或是於融合前先經營光抗體染色法加以處理之。
較佳地,該篩選融合細胞之方法係以流式細胞儀、螢光顯微鏡等儀器分析細胞。
(10)‧‧‧篩選融合細胞之方法
第一圖係為本發明所揭方法之示意圖。
第二圖係以細胞分選儀進行分選所得之SSC/FSC圖。
第三圖係為細胞計數之結果。
第四圖係以顯微鏡觀察所培養細胞之結果。
第五圖係以螢光顯微鏡觀察所培養細胞之結果。
第六圖係為本發明所揭方法之時程圖。
本發明係揭露一種篩選融合細胞之方法,其係透過外源標記之表現,例如螢光標記,以及細胞尺寸大小,以分離出融合成功之融合細胞,能夠節省以如HAT篩選培養基進行篩選培養之時間,據以有效地縮短製備單株細胞之時程。
發明之說明書及申請專利範圍中所揭科學名詞,除有另加以說明者,其含意係依據本發明所屬技術領域且具通常知識者之理解。
本發明所揭「融合細胞」或「融合瘤細胞」,係將兩不同種
細胞以細胞融合法合併為一個細胞。於本發明中,該兩不同種細胞係分別為一經抗原免疫之脾細胞及一瘤細胞。
本發明所揭「細胞融合法」,係透過化學方法、物理方法、生物方法將兩不同種細胞以細胞融合法結合成為一細胞,其中,化學方法為目前製備單株抗體中最常用之技術,係透過如聚乙二醇之化學試劑進行細胞融合;物理方法係得透過如電脈衝之方式使係包容合;生物方法則得透過滅活之病毒誘導細胞進行融合。
本發明所揭「經抗原免疫之脾細胞」,係指能分泌抗體之脾細胞、B淋巴細胞或B細胞。一般來說,欲使脾細胞能夠分泌特定抗體,可藉由釋放目標抗原至一動物體內,誘使B細胞成熟增殖,並且能夠產生抗體,此時,該個體體內係會有該特定抗體生成;或是取健康之脾細胞,於培養過程中給予抗原,使之進行體外免疫反應。
本發明所揭「瘤細胞」,亦有稱為「癌細胞」,其特徵係能於培養基中具有不斷分裂之能力,目前大多以骨髓瘤細胞進行單株抗體之製備。舉例來說,NS-1骨髓瘤細胞、SP2/0骨髓瘤細胞、P3X63Ag8.U1骨髓瘤細胞係為小白鼠BALB/c之癌細胞株;或RPMI8226骨髓瘤細胞、MC/CAR骨髓瘤細胞、IM-9骨髓瘤細胞、UC 729-6骨髓瘤細胞或LTR228骨髓瘤細胞係為人類之癌細胞株。
本發明所揭「螢光蛋白基因」,係能於細胞中表現,而使該細胞發出不同波長之光,例如綠色螢光蛋白會放出波長約為508nm之綠色螢光。
本發明所揭「基因轉殖動物」,係指一動物之基因組中含有
一外源基因,而通常係透過基因工程技術將該外源基因送入動物之胚胎幹細胞或受精卵,藉由該胚胎幹細胞或受精卵所發育之動物係具有該外源基因。此外,更得透過基因工程技術將一特定啟動子及該外源基因構築一載體上,藉此,使該外源基因得於特定細胞中表現。
本發明所揭「螢光抗體法」,係以帶有螢光染料或螢光蛋白之抗體與一細胞共同反應,使被該螢光抗體標定之細胞係透過激發波長光源照射後而得被觀察到螢光。
以下,將茲舉本發明之一較佳實施例,並且搭配圖式做更進一步說明如后。
請參閱第一圖,本發明之較佳實施例係揭露一種篩選融合細胞之方法(10),包含有下列步驟:步驟101:取一經抗原免疫之脾細胞,其中,該脾細胞係來自綠色螢光蛋白基因之基因轉殖之BALB/c小鼠,並且該小鼠係經特定抗原誘導產生抗體。
步驟201:取一NS-1骨髓瘤細胞。
步驟301:將該脾細胞及該骨髓瘤細胞以聚乙二醇進行細胞融合。
步驟401:以細胞流式儀分析細胞體積大小及其所表現之螢光強度。
步驟501:分離出能夠表現綠色螢光蛋白並且尺寸較大之融合細胞。
藉由上述方法,由於融合細胞中係含有綠色螢光基因且尺寸
係大於脾細胞及骨髓瘤細胞,因此,可直接透過流式細胞儀觀察細胞是否表現綠色螢光蛋白而區別骨髓瘤細胞及融合細胞,並且,藉由細胞大小之差異而區別脾細胞及融合細胞,僅須約1~2天之時間就可以分離出融合細胞。
而由於本發明係透過分析螢光強度及尺寸達到篩選融合細胞之功效,因此,融合細胞除透過脾細胞獲得螢光蛋白外,亦得透過骨髓瘤細胞獲得,舉例來說,得透過螢光標定或基因工程技術使該骨髓瘤細胞能夠表現螢光蛋白,亦能達成本發明之功效。舉例來說,於本發明之另一實施例所揭篩選融合細胞之方法,其步驟係大致與上述實施例相同,惟,不同者在於,脾細胞係來自於正常小鼠,而NS-1骨髓瘤細胞係經綠色螢光蛋白基因進行基因轉殖所得者,據此,亦能達成本發明之功效。
再者,本發明所屬技術領域且具通常知識者係得依據其周知技術選擇使用任何得以分析螢光強度及細胞尺寸之儀器、套組、方法、平台等,例如,螢光顯微鏡。
據此,相較於習知技術以HAT篩選培養基須耗時數週,本發明所揭篩選融合細胞之方法係不須經由長時間之篩選培養基進行培養,而僅須費時1-2天即能分離融合細胞,進而得再從中篩選出抗體,大幅地縮短單株抗體之開發時程及成本。
為進一步說明本發明及其功用,茲舉一實例並搭配圖式進行詳細說明如后。
實例:融合反應
取GFP轉殖之NS1細胞進行培養。於進行融合前1天,將NS1
細胞進行繼代,控制隔天細胞滿度約5~6成。將培養完成之NS1細胞以1000rpm離心,倒掉上清液後,計算NS1細胞之細胞數量。
將已免疫完成之小鼠於進行融合前3天先進行免疫前增幅(prefusion boosting)。於進行融合反應當天,以異氟醚將老鼠麻醉,將摘取脾臟下來,放入裝有5毫升無血清DMEM之6公分培養盤中,以200目鋼篩將脾臟均質。取5毫升之脾臟細胞懸浮液,將70μm篩網放在50ml離心管中,使脾臟細胞懸浮液通過70μm篩網後,以10毫升之無血清DMEM沖洗篩網,並以1000rpm離心5分鐘,倒掉上清液,加入5毫升紅血球裂解緩衝液,反應5分鐘。反應後,以35毫升之無血清DMEM稀釋紅血球裂解緩衝液,以1000rpm離心5分鐘,倒掉上清液,加入20毫升之無血清DMEM懸浮脾細胞,計算細胞數。
將NS1細胞與脾細胞以1:1~1:5的比例混合均勻,緩慢加入1~2毫升融合緩衝液(50% PEG-4000 in DMEM,serum free),再加入1~2毫升無血清DMEM,均勻混合,之後加入7毫升無血清DMEM,以1000rpm進行離心5分鐘,倒掉上清液,加入10毫升無血清DMEM後,將細胞放入細胞培養箱中培養。
計算融合細胞之細胞數量,並從中分出部分做為控制組。將剩下之融合細胞放入離心管中,以1000rpm離心5分鐘,倒掉上清液,以1毫升DMEM-20(20% FBS、1mM Sodium pyruvate、10mM HEPES、10μg/ml gentamicin)懸浮均勻。將細胞置入離心管中,以1000rpm離心5分鐘,倒掉上清液,再以1毫升染色劑(PBS,3% FBS,0.22μm filtered)懸浮均勻,計算細胞數。最後以螢光活化細胞分流儀進行分選。
請參閱第二至五圖,其係顯示選取區域為R-1,GFP螢光強度明顯增強之細胞佔1.47%。由此可知,本發明所揭方法係能夠分選出有綠色螢光蛋白表現之NS1細胞與正常小鼠脾臟細胞融合,並且,如第六圖所示,由本發明所揭方法係能有效縮短單株抗體之開發時程。
以上,以上僅是藉由各該實施例詳細說明本發明,熟知該技術領域者於不脫離本發明精神下,而對於說明書中之實施例所做的任何簡單修改或是變化,均應為本案申請專利範圍所得涵攝者。
Claims (10)
- 一種快速篩選融合細胞之方法,其包含有下列步驟:步驟A:以細胞融合法處理一經抗原免疫之脾細胞與一瘤細胞,其中,該經抗原免疫之脾細胞或該瘤細胞係被轉染一外源標記;步驟B:藉由分析細胞之尺寸與外源標記之表現,篩選出一融合細胞,其中,該融合細胞之尺寸係大於該脾細胞及該瘤細胞。
- 依據申請專利範圍第1項所述篩選融合細胞之方法,其中,該外源標記為螢光標記。
- 依據申請專利範圍第2項所述篩選融合細胞之方法,其中,該脾細胞係能表現螢光。
- 依據申請專利範圍第3項所述篩選融合細胞之方法,其中,該脾細胞係來自一非人類之螢光蛋白基因轉殖動物。
- 依據申請專利範圍第3項所述篩選融合細胞之方法,其中,該脾細胞係以螢光抗體法進行標定。
- 依據申請專利範圍第2項所述篩選融合細胞之方法,其中,該瘤細胞係能表現螢光。
- 依據申請專利範圍第6項所述篩選融合細胞之方法,其中,該瘤細胞係具有一螢光蛋白基因。
- 依據申請專利範圍第6項所述篩選融合細胞之方法,其中,該瘤細胞係以螢光抗體法進行標定。
- 依據申請專利範圍第1項所述篩選融合細胞之方法,其係以流式細胞儀分析細胞。
- 依據申請專利範圍第2項所述篩選融合細胞之方法,其係以螢光顯微鏡分析細胞。
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