TWI639594B - 結晶溴區結構域蛋白抑制劑 - Google Patents
結晶溴區結構域蛋白抑制劑 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI639594B TWI639594B TW103122417A TW103122417A TWI639594B TW I639594 B TWI639594 B TW I639594B TW 103122417 A TW103122417 A TW 103122417A TW 103122417 A TW103122417 A TW 103122417A TW I639594 B TWI639594 B TW I639594B
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Abstract
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺及其結晶形式係可用於治療疾病(諸如癌症)之醫藥組合物的適合醫藥成份。
Description
溴區結構域蛋白係指結合至在一些蛋白質中發現之N-乙醯基化離胺酸殘基的保守蛋白質結構摺疊。含有溴區結構域蛋白之蛋白質之BET家族包括四個成員(BRD2、BRD3、BRD4及BRDt)。BET家族之每一成員採用兩個溴區結構域蛋白以識別主要(但非排他地)在組蛋白蛋白質之胺基末端尾部上發現之N-乙醯基化離胺酸殘基。該等相互作用藉由將轉錄因子募集至染色質內之特定基因組位置調節基因表現。舉例而言,組蛋白結合之BRD4將轉錄因子P-TEFb募集至啟動子,從而引起參與細胞週期進展之基因之亞組表現(Yang等人,Mol.Cell.Biol.28:967-976(2008))。BRD2及BRD3亦起生長促進基因之轉錄調節劑之作用(LeRoy等人,Mol.Cell 30:51-60(2008))。最近確立BET家族成員對於若干癌症類型之維持係重要的(Zuber等人,Nature 478:524-528(2011);Mertz等人;Proc.Nat’l.Acad.Sci.108:16669-16674(2011);Delmore等人,Cell 146:1-14,(2011);Dawson等人,Nature 478:529-533(2011))。BET家族成員亦經由規範之NF-KB途徑參與調介急性發炎反應(Huang等人,Mol.Cell.Biol.29:1375-1387(2009)),從而引起與細胞介素之產生相關之基因上調(Nicodeme等人,Nature 468:1119-1123,(2010))。已顯示細胞介素誘導由BET溴區結構域蛋白抑制劑抑制係動物模型中治療發炎調介之腎病的有效方法(Zhang等人,J.Biol.Chem.287:28840-28851(2012))。BRD2功能
與血脂異常或脂肪生成之不當調節、升高發炎概況及增加自體免疫疾病之易感性的傾向相關(Denis,Discovery Medicine 10:489-499(2010))。人類免疫缺陷病毒利用BRD4以起始病毒RNA自穩定整合病毒DNA之轉錄(Jang等人,Mol.Cell,19:523-534(2005))。已顯示用BET特異性溴結構域抑制劑治療db/db小鼠可減弱蛋白尿,由此為糖尿病性腎病提供潛在新治療(Liu等人,「Role of Transcription Factor Acetylation in Diabetic Kidney Disease」Diabetes,DOI:10.2337/db13-1810(2014))。亦已顯示在潛伏性T細胞感染及潛伏性單核球感染之模型中,BET溴區結構域蛋白抑制劑可重新活化HIV轉錄(Banerjee等人,J.Leukocyte Biol.92(6):1147-1154(2012))。BRDt在由BET溴區結構域蛋白抑制劑封阻之精子生成中起重要作用(Matzuk,等人,Cell 150:673-684(2012))。利用BET抑制劑之研究已證實在敗血症及內毒素休克(Nicodeme等人,Nature 468:1119-1123(2010))、胰島素抗性及肝脂肪變性(Bradner等人,Composition and methods for modulating metabolism.WO2011/143651A1)、特發性肺纖維化(Tang等人,Am.J.Pathol.183:470-479(2013))及心臟衰竭(Spiltoir等人,J.Mol.Cellular Cardiol.63:175-179(2013),Anand等人,Cell 154:569-582(2013))之動物模型中之概念性驗證功效。因此,當前醫學上需要研發用以治療該等適應症之新藥物及其結晶形式。
圖1提供N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺形式I之粉末X射線繞射(PXRD)掃描。
圖2提供N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺形式I之差示掃描量熱計(DSC)
溫度記錄圖。
圖3提供N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺形式I之TGA曲線。
圖4提供N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺形式II之粉末X射線繞射(PXRD)掃描。
圖5提供N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺形式II之差示掃描量熱計(DSC)溫度記錄圖。
圖6提供N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺形式II之TGA曲線。
在一個態樣中,本發明係關於N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之分離之結晶形式,其中該結晶形式具有包含三個或更多個選自由以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。在一個態樣中,本發明係關於N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之分離之結晶形式,其中該結晶形式具有包含以下2θ峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。在某些實施例中,粉末X射線繞射圖案包含以下2θ峰值±0.2:6.2°、9.0°、11.0°、12.3°、12.6°、13.1°、14.1°、15.6°、16.4°、16.5°、16.9°、17.8°、18.1°、18.3°、18.9°、20.4°、21.1°、21.6°、21.8°、22.1°、22.9°、23.2°、24.4°、24.7°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。在某些實施例中,粉末X射線繞射圖案包含3個、4個、5個或6個選自由
以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。在某些實施例中,粉末X射線繞射圖案包含6個選自由以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。在某些實施例中,粉末X射線繞射圖案包含5個選自由以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。在某些實施例中,粉末X射線繞射圖案包含4個選自由以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。在某些實施例中,粉末X射線繞射圖案包含3個選自由以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。在某些實施例中,粉末X射線繞射圖案包含以下2θ峰值±0.2:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。在某些實施例中,粉末X射線繞射圖案包含以下2θ峰值±0.2:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°及15.6°。在某些實施例中,粉末X射線繞射圖案包含以下2θ峰值±0.2:22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。在某些實施例中,粉末X射線繞射圖案包含2θ位置6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、13.1°、14.1°、16.4°、16.5°、16.9°、17.8°、18.1°、18.3°及18.9°處之峰值±0.2。在某些實施例中,粉末X射線繞射圖案包含2θ位置6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、13.1°、14.1°、18.1°及18.9°處之峰值±0.2。在某些實施例中,粉末X射線繞射圖案包含2θ位置6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、13.1°及18.1°處之峰值±0.2。在某些實施例中,粉末X射線繞射圖案包含2θ位置9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、13.1°及18.1°處之峰值±0.2。在某些實施例中,結晶形式II具有介於240℃與242℃之間之差示掃描量熱法溫度記錄圖吸熱峰。在某些實施例中,結晶形式II具有在約241℃處之差示掃描量熱法溫度記錄圖吸熱峰。在某些實施例中,吸熱峰係使用DSC
以10℃/min之加熱速率測定。在某些實施例中,粉末X射線繞射圖案包含2θ位置6.2°、9.0°、11.0°、12.2°、12.6°、13.1°、14.1°、15.5°、16.3°、16.5°、16.9°、17.8°、18.0°、18.3°、18.9°、20.4°、21.0°、21.6°、21.8°、22.1°、22.9°、23.2°、24.4°、24.6°、25.5°、26.3°、26.9°及27.2°處之峰值±0.2。在某些實施例中,粉末X射線繞射圖案包含選自由以下組成之群之2θ位置±0.2處之峰值±0.2:6.2°、9.0°、12.2°、12.6°、15.5°、22.1°、25.5°、26.3°、26.9°及27.2°。
在另一態樣中本發明係關於醫藥組合物,其包含N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II及至少一種醫藥上可接受之載劑。在某些實施例中,醫藥組合物係固體劑型。
在另一態樣中,本發明係關於治療個體之癌症之方法,其包含向有需要之個體投與治療有效量之醫藥組合物,該醫藥組合物包含N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II及至少一種醫藥上可接受之載劑。在某些實施例中,癌症係選自由以下組成之群:聽神經瘤、急性白血病、急性淋巴球性白血病、急性骨髓細胞性白血病(單核球白血病、成髓細胞性(myeloblastic)白血病、腺癌、血管肉瘤、星形細胞瘤、骨髓單核球性白血病及前骨髓細胞性白血病)、急性t細胞白血病、基底細胞癌、膽管癌、膀胱癌、腦癌、乳癌、枝氣管癌、子宮頸癌、軟骨肉瘤、脊索瘤、絨毛膜癌、慢性白血病、慢性淋巴球性白血病、慢性骨髓細胞(顆粒球)性白血病、慢性骨髓性白血病、結腸癌、結腸直腸癌、顱咽管瘤、囊腺癌、瀰漫性大B細胞淋巴瘤、增殖異常變化(dysproliferative change)(發育不良及化生(metaplasias))、胚胎性癌、子宮內膜癌、內皮肉瘤、室管膜瘤、上皮癌、紅白血病、食道癌、雌激素受體陽性乳癌、自發性血小板增多、尤因氏瘤(Ewing’s
tumor)、纖維肉瘤、濾泡性淋巴瘤、生殖細胞睪丸癌、神經膠質瘤、神經膠質母細胞瘤、神經膠質肉瘤、重鏈病、血管母細胞瘤、肝細胞瘤、肝細胞癌、激素不敏感前列腺癌、平滑肌肉瘤、白血病、脂肪肉瘤、肺癌、淋巴管內皮肉瘤、淋巴管肉瘤、成淋巴球性白血病、淋巴瘤(何傑金氏淋巴瘤(Hodgkin’s lymphoma)及非何傑金氏淋巴瘤),膀胱、乳房、結腸、肺、卵巢、胰臟、前列腺、皮膚及子宮之惡性病及過度增殖性病症,T細胞或B細胞源之淋巴惡性病(lymphoid malignancies)、白血病、淋巴瘤、髓樣癌、髓母細胞瘤(medulloblastoma)、黑色素瘤、腦脊髓膜瘤、間皮瘤、多發性骨髓瘤、骨髓性白血病、骨髓瘤、黏液肉瘤、神經母細胞瘤、NUT中線癌(NMC)、非小細胞肺癌、少突神經膠質瘤、口腔癌、骨原性肉瘤、卵巢癌、胰臟癌、乳頭狀腺癌、乳頭狀癌、松果體瘤、真性紅血球增多症、前列腺癌、直腸癌、腎細胞癌、視網膜母細胞瘤、橫紋肌肉瘤、肉瘤、皮脂腺癌、精原細胞瘤、皮膚癌、小細胞肺癌(small cell lung carcinoma)、實體瘤(癌及肉瘤)、小細胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer)、胃癌、鱗狀細胞癌、滑膜瘤、汗腺癌、甲狀腺癌、沃爾登斯特倫巨球蛋白血症(Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia)、睪丸腫瘤、子宮癌及威爾姆斯瘤(Wilms’tumor)。在某些實施例中,該方法進一步包含投與治療有效量之至少一種額外治療劑。在某些實施例中,額外治療劑係選自由以下組成之群:阿糖胞苷(cytarabine)、波替單抗(bortezomib)及5-阿紮胞苷(5-azacitidine)。
在另一態樣中,本發明係關於治療個體之疾病或病況之方法,其包含向有需要之個體投與治療有效量之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II,其中該疾病或病況係選自由以下組成之群:阿狄森氏病(Addison's disease)、急性痛風、強直性脊椎炎、哮喘、動脈粥樣硬
化、貝塞特氏病(Behcet's disease)、大皰性皮膚病、心肌病、心臟肥大、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、克羅恩氏病(Crohn's disease)、皮膚炎、濕疹、巨細胞性動脈炎、腎小球性腎炎、心臟衰竭、肝炎、垂體炎、發炎性腸病、川崎氏病(Kawasaki disease)、狼瘡性腎炎、多發性硬化、心肌炎、肌炎、腎炎、器官移植排斥、骨關節炎、胰臟炎、心包炎、結節性多動脈炎、肺炎、原發性膽汁性肝硬化、牛皮癬、牛皮癬性關節炎、類風濕性關節炎、鞏膜炎、硬化性膽管炎、敗血症、全身性紅斑狼瘡、高安氏動脈炎(Takayasu's Arteritis)、中毒性休克、甲狀腺炎、I型糖尿病、潰瘍性結腸炎、葡萄膜炎、白斑病、血管炎及韋格納氏肉芽腫病(Wegener's granulomatosis)。在某些實施例中,該方法進一步包含投與治療有效量之至少一種額外治療劑。
在另一態樣中,本發明係關於治療個體之慢性腎疾病或病況之方法,其包含向有需要之個體投與治療有效量之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II,其中該疾病或病況係選自由以下組成之群:糖尿病性腎病、高血壓性腎病、HIV相關之腎病、腎小球性腎炎、狼瘡性腎炎、IgA腎病、局灶性節段性腎小球硬化症、膜性腎小球性腎炎、微小改變疾病、多囊性腎病及腎小管間質性腎炎。在某些實施例中,該方法進一步包含投與治療有效量之至少一種額外治療劑。
在另一態樣中,本發明係關於治療個體之急性腎損傷或疾病或病況之方法,其包含向有需要之個體投與治療有效量之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II,其中該急性腎損傷或疾病或病況係選自由以下組成之群:缺血-再灌注誘發之腎病、心臟手術及大手術誘發之腎病、經皮冠狀動脈介入誘發之腎病、放射性對比劑誘發之腎病、敗血症誘發之腎病、肺炎誘發之腎病及藥物毒性誘發之腎病。在某些
實施例中,該方法進一步包含投與治療有效量之至少一種額外治療劑。
在另一態樣中,本發明係關於治療個體之AIDS之方法,其包含向有需要之個體投與治療有效量之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II。在某些實施例中,該方法進一步包含投與治療有效量之至少一種額外治療劑。
在另一態樣中,本發明係關於治療個體之肥胖症、血脂異常、高膽固醇血症、阿茲海默氏病(Alzheimer’s disease)、代謝症候群、肝脂肪變性、II型糖尿病、胰島素抗性、糖尿病視網膜病變或糖尿病性神經病變之方法,其包含向有需要之個體投與治療有效量之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II。在某些實施例中,該方法進一步包含投與治療有效量之至少一種額外治療劑。
在另一態樣中,本發明係關於在雄性個體中避孕之方法,其包含向有需要之個體投與治療有效量之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II。在某些實施例中,該方法進一步包含投與治療有效量之至少一種額外治療劑。
本發明之又一態樣提供單獨或與至少一種額外治療劑組合之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II(具有或無醫藥上可接受之載劑)的用途,其用於製造用於治療或預防本文所揭示病況及病症的藥劑。
在某些實施例中,本發明提供單獨或與至少一種額外治療劑組合之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II(具有或無醫藥上可接受
之載劑)的用途,其用於製造用於治療癌症之藥劑。
如上文所述,N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可在調配醫藥組合物中提供優勢。因此,本發明之一個態樣係關於醫藥組合物,其包含呈結晶形式之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺及醫藥上可接受之載劑。在又一態樣中,本發明之組合物包含單獨或與第二治療劑組合之如上文所述N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺形式II及醫藥上可接受之載劑。
另一態樣係關於製備N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II之方法。
在另一態樣中,本發明係關於製備包含N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺及醫藥上可接受之載劑之醫藥組合物的方法,其包含:混合N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之分離之結晶形式與醫藥上可接受之載劑,其中該結晶形式具有包含三個或更多個選自由以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。
在另一態樣中,本發明係關於包含大於90%(w/w)N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II的組合物,其中該結晶形式具有包含三個或更多個選自由以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及
27.3°。在某些實施例中,組合物包含90%至99%(w/w)之結晶形式II。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺可製備為稱作結晶形式II之結晶形式。如本文所用,化合物之結晶形式係指相同化學實體,但結晶佈置不同。N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺係人類BRD4之抑制劑及乳房癌細胞系MX-1之增殖之抑制劑。
應注意,除非上下文另外明確說明,否則本說明書及隨附申請專利範圍中所用之單數形式「一」(a、an)及「該」(the)均包括複數個指示物。因此,舉例而言,在提及「化合物」時包括單一化合物以及一或多種相同或不同化合物,在提及「醫藥上可接受之載劑」時係指單一醫藥上可接受之載劑以及一或多種醫藥上可接受之載劑,及諸如此類。
在提及N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II使用時,其純度大於約90%。此意指N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺結晶形式II不含約10%以上之任一其他化合物,且具體而言不含約10%以上之結晶形式I。更具體而言,術語「實質上純」係指純度大於約95%之結晶形式II。此意指結晶形式II不含約5%以上之任一其他化合物,且具體而言不含約5%以上之結晶形式I。甚至更佳地,術語「實質上純」係指純度大於約97%之結晶形式II。此意指結晶形式II不含約3%以上之任一其他化合物,且具體而言不含約3%以上之結晶形式I。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并
[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式I亦可稱作「N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之形式I」或藉由類似表述,且具有本文概述之生理化學參數。N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II亦可稱作「N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之形式II」或藉由類似術語,且具有本文概述之生理化學參數。
在某些態樣中,本發明進一步係關於醫藥組合物,其包含N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺形式II及醫藥上可接受之載劑。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式(例如形式II)可作為活性醫藥成份(API)用於製備適於任何途徑(包括經口)投與有需要之個體的醫藥組合物。其他投與途徑包括(但不限於)非經腸、舌下、經頰、鼻內、經肺、局部、經皮、皮內、經眼部、經耳、直腸、陰道、胃內、顱內、滑膜腔內及關節內途徑。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺係以在根據適當方案向有需要之個體投與本發明醫藥組合物時可治療有效之量存於該組合物中。通常,端視所述化合物而定,可以適當頻率(例如每日兩次或每週一次)投與之單位劑量(單次投與之量)係約10mg至約1,000mg。若投與頻率係每日一次(q.d.),則單位劑量及日劑量相同。闡釋性地,單位劑量通常係約25mg至約1,000mg,更通常約50mg至約500mg,例如約50mg、約100mg、約150mg、約200mg、約250mg、約300mg、約350mg、約400mg、約450mg或約500mg。
本文所用術「語醫藥上可接受之載劑」意指無毒惰性固體、半固體或液體填充劑、稀釋劑、囊封材料或任何類型之調配物輔助劑。醫藥上可接受之載劑包括(但不限於,例如)囊封材料及添加劑,例如吸收促進劑、抗氧化劑、黏合劑、緩衝劑、載劑、塗佈劑、著色劑、稀釋劑、崩解劑、乳化劑、增容劑、填充劑、矯味劑、助流劑、保濕劑、潤滑劑、香料、防腐劑、推進劑、釋放劑、滅菌劑、甜味劑、增溶劑、潤濕劑、其混合物及諸如此類。
用於製備包含N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II或由其製得且欲以固體劑型經口投與之調配物的醫藥上可接受之載劑包括(例如)、瓊脂、海藻酸、氫氧化鋁、苯甲醇、苯甲酸苄基酯、1,3-丁二醇、卡波姆(carbomer)、蓖麻油、纖維素、乙酸纖維素、可可油、交聚維酮(copovidone)、玉米澱粉、玉米油、棉籽油、交聯聚維酮、甘油二酯、乙醇、乙基纖維素、月桂酸乙酯、油酸乙酯、脂肪酸酯、明膠、胚油、葡萄糖、丙三醇、落花生油、羥丙基甲基纖維素、異丙醇、等滲鹽水、乳糖、氫氧化鎂、硬脂酸鎂、麥芽、甘露醇、甘油單酯、橄欖油、聚維酮、花生油、磷酸鉀鹽、馬鈴薯澱粉、聚維酮、丙二醇、林格氏溶液(Ringer's solution)、紅花油、芝麻油、二氧化矽、羧甲基纖維素鈉、磷酸鈉鹽、月桂基硫酸鈉、山梨醇鈉、硬脂基富馬酸鈉、大豆油、硬脂酸、富馬酸硬脂基酯、蔗糖、表面活性劑、滑石粉、黃蓍膠、四氫糠醇、甘油三酯、維他命E及其衍生物、水、其混合物及諸如此類。
用於製備包含N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II或由其製得且欲以液體劑型經眼或經口投與之調配物的醫藥上可接受之載劑包括(例如)1,3-丁二醇、蓖麻油、玉米油、棉籽油、乙醇、山梨醇酐之
脂肪酸酯、胚油、花生油、丙三醇、異丙醇、橄欖油、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、芝麻油、水、其混合物及諸如此類。
用於製備包含N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II或由其製得且欲以滲透方式投與之調配物的醫藥上可接受之載劑包括(例如)氯氟烴、乙醇、水、其混合物及諸如此類。
用於製備包含N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II或由其製得且欲非經腸投與之調配物的醫藥上可接受之載劑包括(例如)1,3-丁二醇、蓖麻油、玉米油、棉籽油、右旋糖、胚油、花生油、脂質體、油酸、橄欖油、花生油、林格氏溶液、紅花油、芝麻油、大豆油、U.S.P.或等滲氯化鈉溶液、水、其混合物及諸如此類。
用於製備包含N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II或由其製得且欲經直腸或經陰道投與之調配物的醫藥上可接受之載劑包括(但不限於)可可油、聚乙二醇、蠟、其混合物及諸如此類。
組合物通常係以提供治療有效日劑量之藥物之量投與。在本文中,術語「日劑量」意指每天投與之藥物之量,此與投與頻率無關。舉例而言,若個體接受每日2次150mg之單位劑量,則日劑量係300mg。應瞭解,術語「日劑量」之應用並非意指必須每日一次投與指定劑量量。然而,在特定實施例中,給藥頻率係每日一次(q.d.),且在次實施例中,日劑量與單位劑量相同。
決定治療有效劑量之因素取決於特定化合物、個體(包括個體之種類及體重)、欲治療之疾病(例如,具體癌症類型)、疾病之階段及/或嚴重程度、個別個體對該化合物之耐受性、該化合物係以單一療法投與抑或與一或多種其他藥物(例如,用於治療癌症之其他化學治療
劑)組合投與、以及其他因素。因此,日劑量可在寬範圍內變化,例如自約10mg至約1,000mg。在特定情形中,可能適於使用較大或較小日劑量。應瞭解,若僅投與此單一劑量,則本文所述「治療有效」劑量在本文中不必要求藥物具有治療有效性;通常治療功效取決於根據涉及適當投與頻率及持續時間之方案反覆投與之組合物。適宜治療有效劑量可由熟習此項技術之醫師加以選擇,而無需過多實驗。舉例而言,醫師可以相對較低日劑量開始癌症患者之療程並經數天或數週之時間逐漸增加劑量,以降低不良副作用之風險。
闡釋性地,N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之適宜劑量通常係約10mg/天至約1,000mg/天,更通常約50mg/天至約500mg/天或約200mg/天至約400mg/天,例如約50mg/天、約100mg/天、約150mg/天、約200mg/天、約250mg/天、約300mg/天、約350mg/天、約400mg/天、約450mg/天或約500mg/天,其以3至10天或約4至8天或約7天之平均投藥間隔投與。
包含結晶N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺形式II之組合物適用於單一療法或組合療法(例如與其他化學治療劑或電離輻射組合)。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式I及包含N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II之醫藥組合物可投與患有溴結構域調介之病症或病況的個體。術語「投與」係指使化合物與個體接觸之方法。因此,N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可藉由注射投與,即經靜脈內、肌內、皮內、皮下、十二指腸內、非經腸或腹膜內。其亦可
藉由吸入(例如,經鼻內)投與。另外,N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可經皮、局部及經由植入投與。在某些實施例中,N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可經口遞送。在其他實施例中,N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II亦可經直腸、經頰、經陰道內、經眼部或藉由吹入遞送。端視病症或病況之性質而定,可使用N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II預防性、急性及長期治療溴結構域調介之病症及病況。
「溴區結構域蛋白調介之病症或病況」之特徵在於一或多個溴區結構域蛋白(例如,BRD4)參與病症或病況之一或多個症狀或疾病標記、嚴重程度或進展的開始、表現。
因此,N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可用於治療癌症,包括(但不限於)聽神經瘤、急性白血病、急性淋巴球性白血病、急性骨髓細胞性白血病(單核球白血病、成髓細胞性白血病、腺癌、血管肉瘤、星形細胞瘤、骨髓單核球性白血病及前骨髓細胞性白血病)、急性t細胞白血病、基底細胞癌、膽管癌、膀胱癌、腦癌、乳癌、枝氣管癌、子宮頸癌、軟骨肉瘤、脊索瘤、絨毛膜癌、慢性白血病、慢性淋巴球性白血病、慢性骨髓細胞(顆粒球)性白血病、慢性骨髓性白血病、結腸癌、結腸直腸癌、顱咽管瘤、囊腺癌、瀰漫性大B細胞淋巴瘤、增殖異常變化(發育不良及化生)、胚胎性癌、子宮內膜癌、內皮肉瘤、室管膜瘤、上皮癌、紅白血病、食道癌、雌激素受體陽性乳癌、自發性血小板增多、尤因氏瘤、纖維肉瘤、濾泡性淋巴
瘤、生殖細胞睪丸癌、神經膠質瘤、神經膠質母細胞瘤、神經膠質肉瘤、重鏈病、血管母細胞瘤、肝細胞瘤、肝細胞癌、激素不敏感前列腺癌、平滑肌肉瘤、白血病、脂肪肉瘤、肺癌、淋巴管內皮肉瘤、淋巴管肉瘤、成淋巴球性白血病、淋巴瘤(何傑金氏淋巴瘤及非何傑金氏淋巴瘤),膀胱、乳房、結腸、肺、卵巢、胰臟、前列腺、皮膚及子宮之惡性病及過度增殖性病症,T細胞或B細胞源之淋巴惡性病、白血病、淋巴瘤、髓樣癌、髓母細胞瘤、黑色素瘤、腦脊髓膜瘤、間皮瘤、多發性骨髓瘤、骨髓性白血病、骨髓瘤、黏液肉瘤、神經母細胞瘤、NUT中線癌(NMC)、非小細胞肺癌、少突神經膠質瘤、口腔癌、骨原性肉瘤、卵巢癌、胰臟癌、乳頭狀腺癌、乳頭狀癌、松果體瘤、真性紅血球增多症、前列腺癌、直腸癌、腎細胞癌、視網膜母細胞瘤、橫紋肌肉瘤、肉瘤、皮脂腺癌、精原細胞瘤、皮膚癌、小細胞肺癌(small cell lung carcinoma)、實體瘤(癌及肉瘤)、小細胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer)、胃癌、鱗狀細胞癌、滑膜瘤、汗腺癌、甲狀腺癌、沃爾登斯特倫巨球蛋白血症、睪丸腫瘤、子宮癌及威爾姆斯瘤。
此外,N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可用於治療發炎疾病、發炎病況及自體免疫疾病,包括(但不限於):阿狄森氏病、急性痛風、強直性脊椎炎、哮喘、動脈粥樣硬化、貝塞特氏病、大皰性皮膚病、心肌病、心臟肥大、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、克羅恩氏病、皮膚炎、濕疹、巨細胞性動脈炎、腎小球性腎炎、心臟衰竭、肝炎、垂體炎、發炎性腸病、川崎氏病、狼瘡性腎炎、多發性硬化、心肌炎、肌炎、腎炎、器官移植排斥、骨關節炎、胰臟炎、心包炎、結節性多動脈炎、肺炎、原發性膽汁性肝硬化、牛皮癬、牛皮癬性關節炎、類風濕性關節炎、鞏膜炎、硬化性膽管炎、敗血症、全身性紅斑
狼瘡、高安氏動脈炎、中毒性休克、甲狀腺炎、I型糖尿病、潰瘍性結腸炎、葡萄膜炎、白斑病、血管炎及韋格納氏肉芽腫病。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可用於治療AIDS。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可用於治療慢性腎疾病或病況,其包括(但不限於)糖尿病性腎病、高血壓性腎病、HIV相關之腎病、腎小球性腎炎、狼瘡性腎炎、IgA腎病、局灶性節段性腎小球硬化症、膜性腎小球性腎炎、微小改變疾病、多囊性腎病及腎小管間質性腎炎。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可用於治療急性腎損傷或疾病或病況,其包括(但不限於):缺血-再灌注誘發、心臟手術及大手術誘發、經皮冠狀動脈介入誘發、放射性對比劑誘發、敗血症誘發、肺炎誘發及藥物毒性誘發之急性腎損傷或疾病或病況。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可用於治療肥胖症、血脂異常、高膽固醇血症、阿茲海默氏病、代謝症候群、肝脂肪變性、II型糖尿病、胰島素抗性、糖尿病視網膜病變或糖尿病性神經病變。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可用於藉由抑制個體之精子生成預防懷孕,其包含向有需要之個體投與治療有效量之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可共投與個體。術語
「共投與」意指投與兩種或更多種不同醫藥劑或治療(例如,放射治療),其在相同醫藥組合物或單獨醫藥組合物中藉由組合投與個體。因此,共投與涉及同時投與包含兩種或更多種治療劑之單一醫藥組合物或在相同或不同時間向同一個體投與兩種或更多種不同組合物。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可與治療有效量之一或多種用以治療癌症之藥劑共投與,其中該等藥劑之實例包括(例如)放射、烷基化劑、血管發生抑制劑、抗體、抗代謝物、抗有絲分裂物、抗增殖物、抗病毒劑、極光激酶抑制劑(aurora kinase抑制劑)、細胞凋亡促進劑(例如Bcl-xL、Bcl-w及Bfl-1)抑制劑、死亡受體途徑活化劑、Bcr-Abl激酶抑制劑、BiTE(雙特異性T細胞銜接體(Engager))抗體、抗體藥物偶聯物、生物反應調節劑、細胞週期調節蛋白依賴性激酶抑制劑、細胞週期抑制劑、環氧合酶-2抑制劑、DVD(雙重可變結構域抗體)、白血病病毒致癌基因同系物(ErbB2)受體抑制劑、生長因子抑制劑、熱休克蛋白(HSP)-90抑制劑、組蛋白去乙醯酶(HDAC)抑制劑、激素治療劑、免疫劑、細胞凋亡蛋白抑制劑(IAP)、嵌入抗生素、激酶抑制劑、驅動蛋白抑制劑、Jak2抑制劑、哺乳動物雷帕黴素(rapamycin)靶蛋白抑制劑、微小RNA之分裂素活化之細胞外信號調節激酶抑制劑、多價結合蛋白、非類固醇抗發炎藥(NSAID)、聚ADP(二磷酸腺苷)-核糖聚合酶(PARP)抑制劑、鉑化學治療劑、polo樣激酶(Plk)抑制劑、磷酸肌醇-3激酶(溴區結構域蛋白)抑制劑、蛋白體抑制劑、嘌呤類似物、嘧啶類似物、受體酪胺酸激酶抑制劑、類視黃素/類維生素D植物生物鹼、小抑制核糖核酸(siRNA)、拓撲異構酶抑制劑、泛素連接酶抑制劑及諸如此類及一或多種該等藥劑之組合。
BiTE抗體係藉由同時結合兩個細胞引導T細胞攻擊癌細胞之雙特異性抗體。隨後T細胞攻擊靶標癌細胞。BiTE抗體之實例包括阿德木
單抗(adecatumumab)(Micromet MT201)、不來木單抗(blinatumomab)(Micromet MT103)及諸如此類。不受限於理論,T細胞誘發靶標癌細胞凋亡之一種機制係藉由細胞溶解顆粒組份(其包括穿孔蛋白及粒酶B)之胞吐作用。就此而言,Bcl-2已顯示可減弱穿孔蛋白及粒酶B二者對於細胞凋亡之誘發。該等數據表明抑制Bcl-2可增強T細胞在靶向癌細胞時誘發之細胞毒性效應(V.R.Sutton,D.L.Vaux及J.A.Trapani,J.of Immunology 1997,158(12),5783)。
SiRNA係具有內源性RNA鹼基或化學修飾核苷酸之分子。修飾不會消除細胞活性,而是賦予增大之穩定性及/或增大之細胞效能。化學修飾之實例包括硫代磷酸酯基團、2'-去氧核苷酸、含有2'-OCH3之核糖核苷酸、2'-F-核糖核苷酸、2'-甲氧基乙基核糖核苷酸、其組合及諸如此類。siRNA可具有不同長度(例如,10-200bp)及結構(例如,髮夾形、單鏈/雙鏈、凸起、凹痕/空隙、失配)且在細胞中處理以提供活性基因沉默。雙鏈siRNA(dsRNA)可在各鏈(鈍端)或不對稱端(突出端)上具有相同數量之核苷酸。1至2個核苷酸之突出端可存在於有義鏈及/或反義鏈上,亦可存在於給定鏈之5’-及/或3’-末端上。
多價結合蛋白係包含兩個或更多個抗原結合位點之結合蛋白。將多價結合蛋白改造為具有三個或更多個抗原結合位點且通常為不天然存在之抗體。術語「多特異性結合蛋白」意指能夠結合兩個或更多個相關或不相關靶標之結合蛋白。雙重可變結構域(DVD)結合蛋白係結合包含兩個或更多個抗原結合位點之蛋白的四價或多價結合蛋白。此等DVD可具有單特異性(即,能夠結合一種抗原)或多特異性(即,能夠結合兩種或更多種抗原)。包含兩條重鏈DVD多肽及兩條輕鏈DVD多肽之DVD結合蛋白稱作DVD Ig。DVD Ig之每一半部均包含重鏈DVD多肽、輕鏈DVD多肽及兩個抗原結合位點。各結合位點包含重鏈可變結構域及輕鏈可變結構域,每個抗原結合位點具有總共6個
參與抗原結合之CDR。多特異性DVD包括結合DLL4及VEGF、或C-met及EFGR或ErbB3及EGFR之DVD結合蛋白。
烷基化劑包括六甲嘧胺(altretamine)、AMD-473、AP-5280、阿普淨醌(apaziquone)、苯達莫司汀(bendamustine)、伯斯坦尼辛(brostallicin)、白消安(busulfan)、卡波醌(carboquone)、卡莫司汀(carmustine)(BCNU)、苯丁酸氮芥(chlorambucil)、CLORETAZINE®(拉羅司汀(laromustine),VNP 40101M)、環磷醯胺、達卡巴嗪(decarbazine)、雌莫司汀(estramustine)、福莫司汀(fotemustine)、麥磺醯胺(glufosfamide)、異環磷醯胺(ifosfamide)、KW-2170、洛莫司汀(lomustine)(CCNU)、馬磷醯胺(mafosfamide)、美法侖(melphalan)、二溴甘露醇(mitobronitol)、二溴衛矛醇(mitolactol)、尼莫司汀(nimustine)、氮芥N-氧化物、雷莫司汀(ranimustine)、替莫唑胺(temozolomide)、噻替哌(thiotepa)、TREANDA®(苯達莫司汀)、曲奧舒凡(treosulfan)、曲磷胺(rofosfamide)及諸如此類。
血管發生抑制劑包括內皮特異性受體酪胺酸激酶(Tie-2)抑制劑、表皮生長因子受體(EGFR)抑制劑、胰島素生長因子-2受體(IGFR-2)抑制劑、基質金屬蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)抑制劑、基質金屬蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)抑制劑、血小板源生長因子受體(PDGFR)抑制劑、凝血酶敏感蛋白類似物、血管內皮生長因子受體酪胺酸激酶(VEGFR)抑制劑及諸如此類。
抗代謝物包括ALIMTA®(美曲塞二鈉(pemetrexed disodium)、LY231514、MTA)、5-阿紮胞苷、XELODA®(卡培他濱(capecitabine))、卡莫氟(carmofur)、LEUSTAT®(克拉屈濱(cladribine))、氯苯吩嗪、阿糖胞苷、阿糖胞苷十八烷基磷酸鹽(cytarabine ocfosfate)、胞嘧啶阿拉伯糖苷、地西他濱(decitabine)、去鐵胺、去氧氟尿苷、依氟鳥胺酸(eflornithine)、EICAR(5-乙炔基-1-β-
D-核糖呋喃基咪唑-4-甲醯胺)、依諾他濱(enocitabine)、乙炔基胞苷、氟達拉濱(fludarabine)、單獨5-氟尿嘧啶或與甲醯四氫葉酸(leucovorin)組合、GEMZAR®(吉西他濱(gemcitabine))、羥基脲、ALKERAN®(美法侖)、巰基嘌呤、6-巰基嘌呤核苷、胺甲蝶呤、黴酚酸(mycophenolic acid)、耐拉濱(nelarabine)、諾拉曲塞(nolatrexed)、十八烷基磷酸鹽(ocfosfate)、培裡克松(pelitrexol)、噴司他丁(pentostatin)、雷替曲塞(raltitrexed)、利巴韋林(Ribavirin)、特那平(triapine)、曲美沙特(trimetrexate)、S-1、噻唑呋林(tiazofurin)、替加氟(tegafur)、TS-1、阿糖腺苷(vidarabine)、UFT及諸如此類。
抗病毒劑包括利托那韋(ritonavir)、羥氯喹及諸如此類。
極光激酶抑制劑包括ABT-348、AZD-1152、MLN-8054、VX-680、極光A特異性激酶抑制劑、極光B特異性激酶抑制劑、pan-極光激酶抑制劑及諸如此類。
Bcl-2蛋白抑制劑包括AT-101((-)棉酚(gossypol))、GENASENSE®(G3139或奧利默森(oblimersen)(Bcl-2-靶向反義寡核苷酸))、IPI-194、IPI-565、N-(4-(4-((4'-氯(1,1'-聯苯)-2-基)甲基)六氫吡嗪-1-基)苯甲醯基)-4-(((1R)-3-(二甲基胺基)-1-((苯基硫烷基)甲基)丙基)胺基)-3-硝基苯磺醯胺)(ABT-737)、N-(4-(4-((2-(4-氯苯基)-5,5-二甲基-1-環己-1-烯-1-基)甲基)六氫吡嗪-1-基)苯甲醯基)-4-(((1R)-3-(嗎啉-4-基)-1-((苯基硫烷基)甲基)丙基)胺基)-3-((三氟甲基)磺醯基)苯磺醯胺(ABT-263)、GX-070(奧巴克拉(obatoclax))、ABT-199及諸如此類。
Bcr-Abl激酶抑制劑包括DASATINIB®(BMS-354825)、GLEEVEC®(伊馬替尼(imatinib))及諸如此類。
CDK抑制劑包括AZD-5438、BMI-1040、BMS-032、BMS-387、CVT-2584、黃酮吡多(flavopyridol)、GPC-286199、MCS-5A、PD0332991、PHA-690509、塞利西利(seliciclib)(CYC-202、R-羅克韋
汀(roscovitine))、ZK-304709及諸如此類。
COX-2抑制劑包括ABT-963、ARCOXIA®(依託考昔(etoricoxib))、BEXTRA®(伐地考昔(valdecoxib))、BMS347070、CELEBREX®(塞來考昔(celecoxib))、COX-189(魯米考昔(lumiracoxib))、CT-3、DERAMAXX®(地拉考昔(deracoxib))、JTE-522、4-甲基-2-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-1-(4-胺磺醯基苯基-1H-吡咯)、MK-663(依託考昔)、NS-398、帕瑞考昔(parecoxib)、RS-57067、SC-58125、SD-8381、SVT-2016、S-2474、T-614、VIOXX®(羅非考昔(rofecoxib))及諸如此類。
EGFR抑制劑包括EGFR抗體、ABX-EGF、抗EGFR免疫脂質體、EGF-疫苗、EMD-7200、ERBITUX®(西土西單抗(cetuximab))、HR3、IgA抗體、IRESSA®(吉非替尼(gefitinib))、TARCEVA®(埃羅替尼(erlotinib)或OSI-774)、TP-38、EGFR融合蛋白、TYKERB®(拉帕替尼(lapatinib))及諸如此類。
ErbB2受體抑制劑包括CP-724-714、CI-1033(卡納替尼(canertinib))、HERCEPTIN®(曲司佐單抗(trastuzumab))、TYKERB®(拉帕替尼)、OMNITARG®(2C4、佩佐單抗(petuzumab))、TAK-165、GW-572016(洛那法尼(lonafarnib))、GW-282974、EKB-569、PI-166、dHER2(HER2疫苗)、APC-8024(HER-2疫苗)、抗HER/2neu雙特異性抗體、B7.her2IgG3、AS HER2三功能雙特異性抗體、mAB AR-209、mAB 2B-1及諸如此類。
組蛋白去乙醯酶抑制劑包括縮肽、LAQ-824、MS-275、曲普辛(trapoxin)、辛二醯基苯胺異羥肟酸(SAHA)、TSA、丙戊酸及諸如此類。
HSP-90抑制劑包括17-AAG-nab、17-AAG、CNF-101、CNF-1010、CNF-2024、17-DMAG、格爾德黴素(geldanamycin)、IPI-504、
KOS-953、MYCOGRAB®(至HSP-90之人類重組抗體)、NCS-683664、PU24FCl、PU-3、根赤殼菌素(radicicol)、SNX-2112、STA-9090 VER49009及諸如此類。
細胞凋亡蛋白抑制劑包括HGS1029、GDC-0145、GDC-0152、LCL-161、LBW-242及諸如此類。
抗體藥物偶聯物包括抗CD22-MC-MMAF、抗CD22-MC-MMAE、抗CD22-MCC-DM1、CR-011-vcMMAE、PSMA-ADC、MEDI-547、SGN-19Am SGN-35、SGN-75及諸如此類。
死亡受體途徑活化劑包括TRAIL及靶向TRAIL或死亡受體(例如,DR4及DR5)之抗體或其他藥劑,例如阿普單抗(Apomab)、西他土珠(conatumumab)、ETR2-ST01、GDC0145(來沙木單抗(lexatumumab))、HGS-1029、LBY-135、PRO-1762及曲司佐單抗。
驅動蛋白抑制劑包括Eg5抑制劑,例如AZD4877、ARRY-520;CENPE抑制劑,例如GSK923295A及諸如此類。
JAK-2抑制劑包括CEP-701(來他替尼(lestaurtinib))、XL019及INCB018424及諸如此類。
MEK抑制劑包括ARRY-142886、ARRY-438162、PD-325901、PD-98059及諸如此類。
mTOR抑制劑包括AP-23573、CCI-779、依維莫司(everolimus)、RAD-001、雷帕黴素、替西羅莫司(temsirolimus)、ATP-競爭性TORC1/TORC2抑制劑(包括PI-103、PP242、PP30、Torin 1)及諸如此類。
非類固醇抗發炎藥包括AMIGESIC®(雙水楊酯)、DOLOBID®(雙氟尼酸(diflunisal))、MOTRIN®(布洛芬(ibuprofen))、ORUDIS®(酮洛芬(ketoprofen))、RELAFEN®(萘丁美酮(nabumetone))、FELDENE®(吡羅昔康(piroxicam))、布洛芬乳霜、ALEVE®(萘普生(naproxen))及
NAPROSYN®(萘普生)、VOLTAREN®(雙氯芬酸(diclofenac))、INDOCIN®(吲哚美辛(indomethacin))、CLINORIL®(舒林酸(sulindac))、TOLECTIN®(托美汀(tolmetin))、LODINE®(依託度酸(etodolac))、TORADOL®(酮咯酸(ketorolac))、DAYPRO®(奧沙普秦(oxaprozin))及諸如此類。
PDGFR抑制劑包括C-451、CP-673、CP-868596及諸如此類。
鉑化學治療劑包括順鉑、ELOXATIN®(奧沙利鉑(oxaliplatin))依鉑(pptaplatin)、樂巴鉑(lobaplatin)、奈達鉑(nedaplatin)、PARAPLATIN®(碳鉑(carboplatin))、沙鉑(satraplatin)、皮卡鉑(picoplatin)及諸如此類。
Polo樣激酶抑制劑包括BI-2536及諸如此類。
磷酸肌醇-3激酶(PI3K)抑制劑包括渥曼青黴素(wortmannin)、LY-294002、XL-147、CAL-120、ONC-21、AEZS-127、ETP-45658、PX-866、GDC-0941、BGT226、BEZ235、XL765及諸如此類。
凝血酶敏感蛋白類似物包括ABT-510、ABT-567、ABT-898、TSP-1及諸如此類。
VEGFR抑制劑包括AVASTIN®(貝伐單抗(bevacizumab))、ABT-869、AEE-788、ANGIOZYMETM(抑制血管發生之核酶(Ribozyme Pharmaceuticals(Boulder公司)及Chiron,(Emeryville,CA))、阿昔替尼(axitinib)(AG-13736)、AZD-2171、CP-547,632、IM-862、MACUGEN(培加尼布(pegaptanib))、NEXAVAR®(索拉非尼(sorafenib)、BAY43-9006)、帕唑帕尼(pazopanib)(GW-786034)、伐他拉尼(vatalanib)(PTK-787、ZK-222584)、SUTENT®(舒尼替尼(sunitinib)、SU-11248)、VEGF特拉普(VEGF trap)、ZACTIMATM(凡德他尼(vandetanib)、ZD-6474)、GA101、歐法單抗(ofatumumab)、ABT-806(mAb-806)、ErbB3特異性抗體、BSG2特異性抗體、DLL4特
異性抗體及C-met特異性抗體及諸如此類。
抗生素包括嵌入抗生素阿柔比星(aclarubicin)、放線菌素D(actinomycin D)、胺柔比星(amrubicin)、脂質體蒽環黴素(annamycin)、阿黴素(adriamycin)、BLENOXANE®(博萊黴素(bleomycin))、柔紅黴素(daunorubicin)、CAELYX®或MYOCET®(脂質體多柔比星(liposomal doxorubicin))、依沙蘆星(elsamitrucin)、表柔比星(epirubcin)、加柔比星(galarubicin)、ZAVEDOS®(伊達比星(idarubicin))、絲裂黴素C(mitomycin C)、奈莫柔比星(nemorubicin)、新製癌菌素(neocarzinostatin)、培洛黴素(peplomycin)、吡柔比星(pirarubicin)、雷貝卡黴素(rebeccamycin)、左旋咪唑(stimalamer)、鏈脲黴素(streptozocin)、VALSTAR®(伐蘆比星(valrubicin))、淨司他丁(zinostatin)及諸如此類。
拓撲異構酶抑制劑包括阿柔比星、9-胺基喜樹鹼、胺萘非特(amonafide)、安吖啶(amsacrine)、貝特卡令(becatecarin)、貝洛替康(belotecan)、BN-80915、CAMPTOSAR®(鹽酸伊立替康(irinotecan hydrochloride))、喜樹鹼、CARDIOXANE®(右雷佐生(dexrazoxane))、雙氟莫替康(diflomotecan)、印都特卡瑞(edotecarin)、ELLENCE®或PHARMORUBICIN®(表柔比星)、依託泊苷(etoposide)、依克沙替康(exatecan)、10-羥基喜樹鹼、吉馬替康(gimatecan)、勒托替康(lurtotecan)、米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone)、奧拉塞星(orathecin)、吡柔比星(pirarbucin)、匹善重(pixantrone)、魯比替康(rubitecan)、索布佐生(sobuzoxane)、SN-38、他氟普沙(tafluposide)、拓撲替康(topotecan)及諸如此類。
抗體包括AVASTIN®(貝伐單抗)、CD40特異性抗體、chTNT-1/B、地舒單抗(denosumab)、ERBITUX®(西土西單抗)、HMMAX-CD4®(紮木單抗(zanolimumab))、IGF1R特異性抗體、林妥珠單抗
(lintuzumab)、PANOREX®(依決洛單抗(edrecolomab))、RENCAREX®(WX G250)、RITUXAN®(利妥昔單抗(rituximab))、替西木單抗(ticilimumab)、曲司佐單抗、CD20抗體I型及II型及諸如此類。
激素治療劑包括ARIMIDEX®(阿那曲唑(anastrozole))、AROMASIN®(依西美坦(exemestane))、阿佐昔芬(arzoxifene)、CASODEX®(比卡魯胺(bicalutamide))、CETROTIDE®(西曲瑞克(cetrorelix))、地加瑞克(degarelix)、地洛瑞林(deslorelin)、DESOPAN®(曲洛司坦(trilostane))、地塞米松(dexamethasone)、DROGENIL®(氟利坦(flutamide))、EVISTA®(雷洛昔芬(raloxifene))、AFEMATM(法屈唑(fadrozole))、FARESTON®(托瑞米芬(toremifene))、FASLODEX®(氟維司群(fulvestrant))、FEMARA®(來曲唑(letrozole))、福美司坦(formestane)、糖皮質激素、HECTOROL®(度骨化醇(doxercalciferol))、RENAGEL®(碳酸司維拉姆(sevelamer carbonate))、拉索昔芬(lasofoxifene)、乙酸亮丙瑞林(leuprolide acetate)、MEGACE®(甲地孕酮(megesterol))、MIFEPREX®(米非司酮(mifepristone))、NILANDRONTM(尼魯米特(nilutamide))、NOLVADEX®(檸檬酸他莫昔芬(tamoxifen citrate))、PLENAXISTM(阿巴瑞克(abarelix))、強的松(prednisone)、PROPECIA®(非那雄胺(finasteride))、瑞樂司坦(rilostane)、SUPREFACT®(布舍瑞林(buserelin))、TRELSTAR®(黃體生成激素釋放激素(LHRH))、VANTAS®(組胺瑞林(Histrelin)植入物)、VETORYL®(曲洛司坦或莫卓司坦(modrastane))、ZOLADEX®(福斯瑞林(fosrelin)、戈舍瑞林(goserelin))及諸如此類。
三角肌及類視色素包括西奧骨化醇(seocalcitol)(EB1089、CB1093)、來沙骨化醇(lexacalcitrol)(KH1060)、芬維A胺(fenretinide)、PANRETIN®(阿利維A酸(alitreinoin))、ATRAGEN®(脂
質體維生素A酸(liposomal tretinoin))、TARGRETIN®(貝沙羅汀(bexarotene))、LGD-1550及諸如此類。
PARP抑制劑包括ABT-888(維利帕瑞(veliparib))、奧拉帕瑞(olaparib)、KU-59436、AZD-2281、AG-014699、BSI-201、BGP-15、INO-1001、ONO-2231及諸如此類。
植物生物鹼包括(但不限於)長春新鹼(vincristine)、長春鹼(vinblastine)、長春地辛(vindesine)、長春瑞濱(vinorelbine)及諸如此類。
蛋白酶體抑制劑包括VELCADE®(波替單抗)、MG132、NPI-0052、PR-171及諸如此類。
免疫劑之實例包括干擾素及其他免疫增強劑。干擾素包括干擾素α、干擾素α-2a、干擾素α-2b、干擾素β、干擾素γ-1a、ACTIMMUNE®(干擾素γ-1b)或干擾素γ-n1、其組合及諸如此類。其他藥劑包括ALFAFERONE®(IFN-α)、BAM-002(氧化麩胱甘肽)、BEROMUN®(他索那明(tasonermin))、BEXXAR®(托西莫單抗(tositumomab))、CAMPATH®(阿來組單抗(alemtuzumab))、CTLA4(細胞毒性淋巴細胞抗原4)、達卡巴嗪、德尼白介素(denileukin)、依帕珠單抗(epratuzumab)、GRANOCYTE®(來格司亭(lenograstim))、蘑菇多糖(lentinan)、白細胞α干擾素、咪喹莫特(imiquimod)、MDX-010(抗CTLA-4)、黑素瘤疫苗、米托莫單抗(mitumomab)、莫拉司亭(molgramostim)、MYLOTARGTM(吉妥單抗(gemtuzumab ozogamicin))、NEUPOGEN®(非格司亭(filgrastim))、OncoVAC-CL、OVAREX®(歐雷哥浮馬(oregovomab))、皮托莫單抗(pemtumomab)(Y-muHMFGl)、PROVENGE®(西普魯塞T(sipuleucel-T))、沙格司亭(sargramostim)、西索非蘭(sizofilan)、替西白介素(teceleukin)、THERACYS®(卡介菌劑(Bacillus Calmette-Guerin))、烏苯美司
(ubenimex)、VIRULIZIN®(免疫治療劑,Lorus Pharmaceuticals)、Z-100(Maruyama之特定物質(SSM))、WF-10(四氯十氧化物(TCDO))、PROLEUKIN®(阿地白介素(aldesleukin))、ZADAXIN®(胸腺法新(thymalfasin))、ZENAPAX®(達克珠單抗(daclizumab))、ZEVALIN®(90Y-替坦異貝莫單抗(90Y-Ibritumomab tiuxetan))及諸如此類。
生物反應調節劑係調節活的有機體或生物反應(例如組織細胞之存活、生長或分化)之防禦機制以使其具有抗腫瘤活性的藥劑且包括雲芝素(krestin)、蘑菇多糖、西佐喃(sizofiran)、溶鏈菌素(picibanil)PF-3512676(CpG-8954)、烏苯美司及諸如此類。
嘧啶類似物包括阿糖胞苷(ara C或阿拉伯糖苷C)、胞嘧啶阿拉伯糖苷、去氧氟尿苷、FLUDARA®(氟達拉濱)、5-FU(5-氟尿嘧啶)、氟尿苷、GEMZAR®(吉西他濱)、TOMUDEX®(雷替曲塞)、TROXATYLTM(三乙醯基尿苷曲沙他濱(triacetyluridine troxacitabine))及諸如此類。
嘌呤類似物包括LANVIS®(硫鳥嘌呤)及PURI-NETHOL®(巰基嘌呤)。
抗有絲分裂劑包括巴他布林(batabulin)、埃坡黴素D(epothilone D)(KOS-862)、N-(2-((4-羥基苯基)胺基)吡啶-3-基)-4-甲氧基苯磺醯胺、伊沙匹隆(ixabepilone)(BMS 247550)、紫杉醇(paclitaxel)、TAXOTERE®(多西他賽(docetaxel))、PNU100940(109881)、帕妥匹隆(patupilone)、XRP-9881(拉羅他塞(larotaxel))、長春氟寧(vinflunine)、ZK-EPO(合成埃坡黴素)及諸如此類。
泛素連接酶抑制劑包括MDM2抑制劑(例如陸特林(nutlin))、NEDD8抑制劑(例如MLN4924)及諸如此類。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II亦可用作增強放射療法
之功效之放射敏化劑。放射療法之實例包括外部光束放射療法、遠程放射療法、近程放射療法及密封、未密封源放射療法及諸如此類。
另外,N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可與其他化學治療劑組合,該等其他化學治療劑係(例如)ABRAXANETM(ABI-007)、ABT-100(法尼基轉移酶抑制劑)、ADVEXIN®(Ad5CMV-p53疫苗)、ALTOCOR®或MEVACOR®(洛伐坦丁(lovastatin))、AMPLIGEN®(聚I:聚C12U,一種合成RNA)、APTOSYN®(依昔舒林(exisulind))、AREDIA®(帕米膦酸(pamidronic acid))、阿格拉賓(arglabin)、L-天冬醯胺酶、阿他美坦(atamestane)(1-甲基-3,17-二酮-雄固-1,4-二烯)、AVAGE®(他紮羅汀(tazarotene))、AVE-8062(康布瑞塔卡汀(combreastatin)衍生物)、BEC2(米托莫單抗)、惡病質素(cachectin)或卡車星(cachexin)(腫瘤壞死因子)、康伐星(canvaxin)(疫苗)、CEAVAC®(癌症疫苗)、CELEUK®(西莫白介素(celmoleukin))、CEPLENE®(組胺二鹽酸鹽)、CERVARIX®(人類乳頭瘤病毒疫苗)、CHOP®(C:CYTOXAN®(環磷醯胺);H:ADRIAMYCIN®(羥基多柔比星);O:長春新鹼(ONCOVIN®);P:(強的松)、CYPATTM(乙酸環丙孕酮(cyproterone acetate))、康布瑞塔卡汀A4P、DAB(389)EGF(經由His-Ala連接體融合至人類表皮生長因子之白喉毒素的催化及轉運結構域)或TransMID-107RTM(白喉毒素)、達卡巴嗪、放線菌素D、5,6-二甲基酮-4-乙酸(DMXAA)、恩尿嘧啶(eniluracil)、EVIZONTM(乳酸角鯊胺(squalamine lactate))、DIMERICINE®(T4N5脂質體洗劑)、盤形德莫利得(discodermolide)、DX-8951f(甲磺酸依克沙替康(exatecan mesylate))、因紮斯道寧(enzastaurin)、EPO906(埃坡黴素B)、GARDASIL®(四價人類乳頭瘤病毒(6、11、16、18型)重組疫苗)、GASTRIMMUNE®、GENASENSE®、GMK(神經節苷脂偶聯物疫苗)、
GVAX®(前列腺癌疫苗)、鹵夫酮(halofuginone)、組胺瑞林(histerelin)、羥基脲、伊班膦酸(ibandronic acid)、IGN-101、IL-13-PE38、IL-13-PE38QQR(貝辛白介素(cintredekin besudotox))、IL-13-假單胞菌外毒素(IL-13-pseudomonas exotoxin)、干擾素-α、干擾素-γ、JUNOVANTM或MEPACTTM(米伐木肽(mifamurtide))、洛那法尼、5,10-亞甲基四氫葉酸酯、米替福新(miltefosine)(十六烷基磷酸膽鹼)、NEOVASTAT®(AE-941)、NEUTREXIN®(曲美沙特葡萄糖醛酸酯)、NIPENT®(噴托他丁)、ONCONASE®(一種核糖合核酸酶)、ONCOPHAGE®(黑色素瘤疫苗治療)、ONCOVAX®(IL-2疫苗)、ORATHECINTM(魯比替康)、OSIDEM®(基於抗體之細胞藥物)、OVAREX®MAb(鼠類單株抗體)、帕德他塞(paditaxel)、PANDIMEXTM(來自包含20(S)原人參二醇(aPPD)及20(S)原人參三醇(aPPT)之人參的苷配基皂苷)、帕尼單抗(panitumumab)、PANVAC®-VF(調查研究用癌症疫苗)、培加帕酶(pegaspargase)、PEG干擾素A、苯妥帝爾(phenoxodiol)、丙卡巴肼(procarbazine)、內比馬斯塔(rebimastat)、REMOVAB®(卡妥索單抗(catumaxomab))、REVLIMID®(來那度胺(lenalidomide))、RSR13(乙法昔羅(efaproxiral))、SOMATULINE® LA(蘭瑞肽(lanreotide))、SORIATANE®(維生素A酸)、星形孢菌素(staurosporine)(鏈黴菌星形孢子(Streptomyces staurospores))、他波司他(talabostat)(PT100)、TARGRETIN®(貝沙羅汀)、TAXOPREXIN®(DHA-紫杉醇)、TELCYTA®(坎磷醯胺(canfosfamide)、TLK286)、特米利芬(temilifene)、TEMODAR®(替莫唑胺)、替米利芬(tesmilifene)、沙立度胺(thalidomide)、THERATOPE®(STn-KLH)、塞米他(thymitaq)(2-胺基-3,4-二氫-6-甲基-4-側氧基-5-(4-吡啶基硫基)喹唑啉二鹽酸鹽)、TNFERADETM(腺病毒載體:含有腫瘤壞死因子-α之基因的DNA載體)、TRACLEER®或ZAVESCA®(骨化三醇
(bosentan))、蕾婷A(Retin-A)、粉防己鹼(tetrandrine)、TRISENOX®(三氧化二砷)、VIRULIZIN®、尿激酶(ukrain)(來自較大白屈菜(celandine)植物之生物鹼的衍生物)、維他辛(vitaxin)(抗αvβ3抗體)、XCYTRIN®(莫特沙芬釓(motexafin gadolinium))、XINLAYTM(阿曲生坦(atrasentan))、XYOTAXTM(聚麩胺酸紫杉醇(paclitaxel poliglumex))、YONDELIS®(曲貝替定(trabectedin))、ZD-6126、ZINECARD®(右雷佐生)、ZOMETA®(唑來膦酸(zolendronic acid))、佐柔比星(zorubicin)及諸如此類。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II亦可與治療有效量之一或多種用以治療發炎疾病或病況或自體免疫疾病之藥劑共投與,該等藥劑之實例包括(例如)胺甲喋呤、托法替尼(tofacitinib)、6-巰基嘌呤、硫唑嘌呤柳氮磺吡啶(sulphasalazine)、美沙拉秦(mesalazine)、奧沙拉秦氯喹(olsalazine chloroquinine)/羥氯喹、青黴胺(pencillamine)、金硫代蘋果酸鹽(aurothiomalate)(肌內及經口)、硫唑嘌呤、秋水仙鹼(colchicine)、皮質類固醇(經口、吸入及局部注射)、β-2腎上腺素受體激動劑(沙丁胺醇(salbutamol)、特布他林(terbutaline)、沙美特羅(salmeteral))、黃嘌呤(茶鹼(theophylline)、氨茶鹼(aminophylline))、色甘酸鹽(cromoglycate)、奈多羅米(nedocromil)、酮替芬(ketotifen)、異丙托銨(ipratropium)及氧托品(oxitropium)、環孢素、FK506、雷帕黴素、麥考酚酸嗎乙酯(mycophenolate mofetil)、來氟米特、NSAID,例如布洛芬、皮質類固醇(例如潑尼松龍(prednisolone))、磷酸二酯酶抑制劑、腺苷激動劑、抗血栓形成劑、補體抑制劑、腎上腺素能藥劑、由促發炎細胞介素干擾信號傳導之藥劑(例如TNF-α或IL-1(例如NIK、IKK、p38或MAP激酶抑制劑))、IL-1β轉化酶抑制劑、T細胞信號傳導抑制劑(例如激酶抑制劑)、金屬蛋白酶抑制劑、柳氮磺吡啶
(sulfasalazine)、6-巰基嘌呤、血管緊張素轉化酶抑制劑、可溶性細胞介素受體及其衍生物(例如,可溶性p55或p75 TNF受體及衍生物p75TNFRIgG(依那西普(etanercept)及p55TNFRIgG(來那西普)、sIL-1RI、sIL-1RII、sIL-6R)、抗發炎細胞介素(例如,IL-4、IL-10、IL-11、IL-13及TGFβ)、塞來考昔(celecoxib)、葉酸、硫酸羥氯喹、羅非考昔(rofecoxib)、依那西普、英夫利昔單抗(infliximab)、阿達木單抗、賽妥珠單抗(certolizumab)、托珠單抗(tocilizumab)、阿巴他塞(abatacept)、萘普生(naproxen)、伐地考昔、柳氮磺吡啶、甲基潑尼松龍、美洛昔康(meloxicam)、乙酸甲基潑尼松龍、硫代蘋果酸金鈉、阿司匹林(aspirin)、曲安奈德(triamcinolone acetonide)、萘磺酸丙氧吩(propoxyphene napsylate)/apap、葉酸鹽、萘丁美酮(nabumetone)、雙氯芬酸、吡羅昔康、依託度酸(etodolac)、雙氯芬酸鈉、奧沙普秦(oxaprozin)、鹽酸羥可待酮(oxycodone HCl)、重酒石酸二氫可待因酮(hydrocodone bitartrate)/apap、雙氯芬酸鈉/米索前列醇(misoprostol)、芬太尼(fentanyl)、阿那白滯素(anakinra)、鹽酸曲馬多(tramadol HCl)、雙水楊酯(salsalate)、舒林酸、維生素b12(cyanocobalamin)/fa/吡哆素(pyridoxine)、對乙醯胺基酚(acetaminophen)、阿侖膦酸鈉(alendronate sodium)、潑尼松龍、可的松(cortisone)、倍他米松(betamethasone)、硫酸嗎啡(morphine sulfate)、鹽酸利多卡因(lidocaine hydrochloride)、吲哚美辛(indomethacin)、硫酸葡糖胺(glucosamine sulf)/軟骨素(chondroitin)、鹽酸阿米替林(amitriptyline HCl)、磺胺嘧啶(sulfadiazine)、鹽酸羥可待酮/對乙醯胺基酚、鹽酸奧洛他定(olopatadine HCl)、米索前列醇(misoprostol)、萘普生鈉(naproxen sodium)、奧美拉唑(omeprazole)、環磷醯胺、利妥昔單抗、IL-1 TRAP、MRA、CTLA4-IG、IL-18 BP、抗IL-12、抗IL15、BIRB-796、SCIO-469、VX-702、AMG-548、VX-740、羅氟司特
(Roflumilast)、IC-485、CDC-801、S1P1激動劑(例如FTY720)、PKC家族抑制劑(例如蘆波妥林(Ruboxistaurin)或AEB-071)及美索普拉(Mesopram)。在某些實施例中,組合包括胺甲蝶呤(methotrexate)或來氟米特(leflunomide),且在中度或嚴重類風濕性關節炎病例中,包括如上文所述環孢素(cyclosporine)及抗TNF抗體。
可與N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II共投與之用於發炎性腸病之治療劑的非限制性實例包括以下:布地奈德(budenoside);表皮生長因子;皮質類固醇;環孢素、柳氮磺吡啶;胺基水楊酸酯;6-巰基嘌呤;硫唑嘌呤;甲硝唑(metronidazole);脂氧合酶抑制劑;美沙拉嗪;奧沙拉秦;巴柳氮(balsalazide);抗氧化劑;血栓烷抑制劑;IL-1受體拮抗劑;抗IL-1β單株抗體;抗IL-6單株抗體;生長因子;彈性蛋白酶抑制劑;吡啶基-咪唑化合物;其他人類細胞介素或生長因子之抗體或拮抗劑,例如TNF、LT、IL-1、IL-2、IL-6、IL-7、IL-8、IL-12、IL-15、IL-16、IL-23、EMAP-II、GM-CSF、FGF及PDGF;細胞表面分子,例如CD2、CD3、CD4、CD8、CD25、CD28、CD30、CD40、CD45、CD69、CD90或其配體;胺甲蝶呤;環孢素;FK506;雷帕黴素;麥考酚酸嗎乙酯;來氟米特;NSAID,例如布洛芬;皮質類固醇,例如潑尼松龍;磷酸二酯酶抑制劑;腺苷激動劑;抗血栓形成劑;補體抑制劑;腎上腺素能藥;由促發炎細胞介素干擾信號傳導之藥劑,例如TNFα或IL-1(例如NIK、IKK或MAP激酶抑制劑);IL-1β轉化酶抑制劑;TNFα轉化酶抑制劑;T細胞信號傳導抑制劑,例如激酶抑制劑;金屬蛋白酶抑制劑;柳氮磺吡啶;硫唑嘌呤;6-巰基嘌呤;血管收縮素轉化酶抑制劑;可溶性細胞介素受體及其衍生物(例如可溶性p55或p75 TNF受體、sIL-1RI、sIL-1RII、sIL-6R)及抗發炎細胞介素(例如IL-4、IL-10、IL-11、IL-13及TGFβ)。可
與N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II組合之用於克羅恩氏病之治療劑之較佳實例包括以下:TNF拮抗劑,例如抗TNF抗體、D2E7(阿達木單抗)、CA2(英夫利昔單抗)、CDP 571、TNFR-Ig構築體、(p75TNFRIgG(依那西普)及p55TNFRIgG(LENERCEPTTM)抑制劑及PDE4抑制劑。N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可與以下物質組合:皮質類固醇,例如布地奈德及地塞米松;柳氮磺吡啶、5-胺基水楊酸;奧沙拉秦;及干擾促發炎細胞介素之合成或作用之藥劑,例如IL-1,例如IL-1β轉化酶抑制劑及IL-1ra;T細胞信號傳導抑制劑,例如酪胺酸激酶抑制劑;6-巰基嘌呤;IL-11;美沙拉嗪;強的松;硫唑嘌呤;巰基嘌呤;英夫利昔單抗;琥珀酸甲基潑尼松龍鈉;地芬諾酯(diphenoxylate)/硫酸阿托品(atrop sulfate);鹽酸洛哌丁胺(loperamide hydrochloride);胺甲蝶呤;奧美拉唑;葉酸;環丙沙星(ciprofloxacin)/右旋糖-水;重酒石酸二氫可待因酮/apap;鹽酸四環素(tetracycline hydrochloride);乙酸氟輕鬆(fluocinonide);甲硝唑;硫柳汞(thimerosal)/硼酸;考來烯胺(cholestyramine)/蔗糖;鹽酸環丙沙星;硫酸莨菪鹼(hyoscyamine sulfate);鹽酸麥佩裡定(meperidine hydrochloride);鹽酸咪達唑侖(midazolam hydrochloride);羥可待酮HCl/對乙醯胺基酚;鹽酸普魯米近(promethazine hydrochloride);磷酸鈉;磺胺甲噁唑(sulfamethoxazole)/甲氧苄啶(trimethoprim);塞來考昔;聚卡波非(polycarbophil);萘磺酸丙氧吩;氫化可的松(hydrocortisone);多種維他命;巴柳氮二鈉;磷酸可待因(codeine phosphate)/apap;考來維綸HCl(colesevelam HCl);維生素b12;葉酸;左氧氟沙星(levofloxacin);甲基潑尼松龍;那他珠單抗(natalizumab)及干擾素-γ。
可與N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II共投與之用於多發性硬化之治療劑之非限制性實例包括以下:皮質類固醇;潑尼松龍;甲基潑尼松龍;硫唑嘌呤;環磷醯胺;環孢素;胺甲蝶呤;4-胺基吡啶;替紮尼定(tizanidine);干擾素-β1a(AVONEX®;Biogen);干擾素-β1b(BSERON®;Chiron/Berlex);干擾素α-n3)(Interferon Sciences/Fujimoto)、干擾素-α(Alfa Wassermann/J&J)、干擾素β1A-IF(Serono/Inhale Therapeutics)、Peg干擾素α 2b(Enzon/Schering-Plough)、共聚物1(Cop-1;COPAXONE®;Teva Pharmaceutical Industries公司);高壓氧;靜脈內免疫球蛋白;克拉屈濱;其他人類細胞介素或生長因子及其受體之抗體或拮抗劑,例如TNF、LT、IL-1、IL-2、IL-6、IL-7、IL-8、IL-12、IL-23、IL-15、IL-16、EMAP-II、GM-CSF、FGF及PDGF。N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可與細胞表面分子之抗體(例如CD2、CD3、CD4、CD8、CD19、CD20、CD25、CD28、CD30、CD40、CD45、CD69、CD80、CD86、CD90或其配體)組合。N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II亦可與諸如以下等藥劑組合:胺甲蝶呤、環孢素、FK506、雷帕黴素、麥考酚酸嗎乙酯、來氟米特、S1P1激動劑、NSAID(例如布洛芬)、皮質類固醇(例如潑尼松龍)、磷酸二酯酶抑制劑、腺苷激動劑、抗血栓形成劑、補體抑制劑、腎上腺素能藥、由促發炎細胞介素干擾信號傳導之藥劑(例如TNFα或IL-1(例如NIK、IKK、p38或MAP激酶抑制劑))、IL-1β轉化酶抑制劑、TACE抑制劑、T細胞信號傳導抑制劑(例如激酶抑制劑)、金屬蛋白酶抑制劑、柳氮磺吡啶、硫唑嘌呤、6-巰基嘌呤、血管收縮素轉化酶抑制劑、可溶性細胞介素受體及其衍生物(例
如可溶性p55或p75 TNF受體、sIL-1RI、sIL-1RII、sIL-6R)及抗發炎細胞介素(例如IL-4、IL-10、IL-13及TGFβ)。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II亦可與諸如以下等藥劑共投與:阿侖單抗(alemtuzumab)、屈大麻酚(dronabinol)、達珠單抗(daclizumab)、米托蒽醌、鹽酸紮利羅登(xaliproden hydrochloride)、胺吡啶(fampridine)、乙酸格拉默(glatiramer acetate)、那他珠單抗、辛納必醇(sinnabidol)、α-免疫因子NNSO3、ABR-215062、AnergiX.MS、趨化因子受體拮抗劑、BBR-2778、卡貴靈(calagualine)、CPI-1189、LEM(脂質體囊封之米托蒽醌)、THC.CBD(大麻素(cannabinoid)激動劑)、MBP-8298、美索普拉(PDE4抑制劑)、MNA-715、抗IL-6受體抗體、尼努瓦(neurovax)、吡非尼酮同種異型體(pirfenidone allotrap)1258(RDP-1258)、sTNF-R1、他侖帕奈(talampanel)、特立氟胺(teriflunomide)、TGF-β2、替利莫肽(tiplimotide)、VLA-4拮抗劑(例如TR-14035、VLA4 Ultrahaler、Antegran-ELAN/Biogen)、干擾素γ拮抗劑及IL-4激動劑。
可與N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II共投與之用於強直性脊柱炎之治療劑的非限制性實例包括以下:布洛芬、雙氯芬酸、米索前列醇、萘普生、美洛昔康、吲哚美辛、雙氯芬酸、塞來考昔、羅非考昔、柳氮磺吡啶、胺甲蝶呤、硫唑嘌呤、米諾環素(minocyclin)、強的松及抗TNF抗體、D2E7(HUMIRA®)、CA2(英夫利昔單抗)、CDP 571、TNFR-Ig構築體、(p75TNFRIgG(ENBREL®)及p55TNFRIgG(LENERCEPT®)。
可與N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II共投與之用於哮喘
之治療劑的非限制性實例包括以下:沙丁胺醇(albuterol)、沙美特羅(salmeterol)/氟替卡松(fluticasone)、孟魯斯特(montelukast)鈉、丙酸氟替卡松、布地奈德(budesonide)、強的松、沙美特羅昔萘酸酯(salmeterol xinafoate)、左旋沙丁胺醇(levalbuterol)HCl、硫酸沙丁胺醇/異丙托銨、潑尼松龍磷酸鈉、曲安奈德、二丙酸倍氯米松(beclomethasone dipropionate)、異丙托銨溴化物、阿奇黴素(azithromycin)、乙酸吡布特羅(pirbuterol acetate)、潑尼松龍、無水茶鹼、甲基潑尼松龍琥珀酸鈉、克拉黴素(clarithromycin)、紮魯斯特(zafirlukast)、富馬酸福莫特羅(formoterol fumarate)、流行性感冒病毒疫苗、阿莫西林三水合物(amoxicillin trihydrate)、氟尼縮松(flunisolide)、過敏原注射、色甘酸鈉(cromolyn sodium)、鹽酸非索非那定(fexofenadine hydrochloride)、氟尼縮松/薄荷醇(menthol)、阿莫西林/克拉維酸鹽(clavulanate)、左氧氟沙星、吸入器輔助裝置、愈創木酚甘油醚(guaifenesin)、地塞米松磷酸鈉、莫西沙星(moxifloxacin)HCl、海克酸多西環素(doxycycline hyclate)、愈創木酚甘油醚/d-甲嗎喃(d-methorphan)、偽麻黃鹼(p-ephedrine)/cod/氯苯那敏(chlorphenir)、格帕沙星(gatifloxacin)、鹽酸西替利嗪(cetirizine hydrochloride)、糠酸莫米松(mometasone furoate)、沙美特羅昔萘酸酯、苯佐那酯(benzonatate)、頭孢氨苄(cephalexin)、pe/可待因酮/氯苯那敏、西替利嗪HCl/偽麻黃鹼(pseudoephed)、去氧腎上腺素(phenylephrine)/cod/普魯米近、可待因/普魯米近、頭孢丙烯(cefprozil)、地塞米松、愈創木酚甘油醚/偽麻黃鹼、氯苯那敏(chlorpheniramine)/可待因酮、奈多羅米(nedocromil)鈉、硫酸特布他林、腎上腺素(epinephrine)、甲基潑尼松龍、抗IL-13抗體及硫酸奧西那林(metaproterenol sulfate)。
可與N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡
咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II共投與之用於COPD之治療劑的非限制性實例包括以下:硫酸沙丁胺醇/異丙托銨、異丙托銨溴化物、沙美特羅/氟替卡松、沙丁胺醇、沙美特羅昔萘酸酯、丙酸氟替卡松、強的松、無水茶鹼、甲基潑尼松龍琥珀酸鈉、孟魯斯特鈉、布地奈德、富馬酸福莫特羅、曲安奈德、左氧氟沙星、愈創木酚甘油醚、阿奇黴素、二丙酸倍氯米松、左旋沙丁胺醇HCl、氟尼縮松、頭孢曲松(ceftriaxone)鈉、阿莫西林三水合物、格帕沙星、紮魯斯特、阿莫西林/克拉維酸鹽、氟尼縮松/薄荷醇、氯苯那敏/可待因酮、硫酸奧西那林、甲基潑尼松龍、糠酸莫米松、偽麻黃鹼/cod/氯苯那敏、乙酸吡布特羅、偽麻黃鹼/氯雷他定(loratadine)、硫酸特布他林、噻托銨(tiotropium)溴化物、(R,R)-福莫特羅、TgAAT、西洛司特(cilomilast)及羅氟司特。
可與N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II共投與之用於牛皮癬之治療劑的非限制性實例包括以下:卡泊三烯(calcipotriene)、丙酸氯倍他索(clobetasol propionate)、曲安奈德、丙酸鹵倍他索(halobetasol propionate)、他紮羅汀(tazarotene)、胺甲蝶呤、乙酸氟輕鬆、倍他米松二丙酸增強劑(betamethasone diprop augmented)、氟輕鬆丙酮化合物(fluocinolone acetonide)、阿曲汀(acitretin)、焦油洗髮精(tar shampoo)、戊酸倍他米松(betamethasone valerate)、糠酸莫米松、酮康唑(ketoconazole)、普拉卡因(pramoxine)/氟輕鬆(fluocinolone)、戊酸氫化可的松、丙酮縮氟氫羥龍(flurandrenolide)、脲、倍他米松(betamethasone)、丙酸氯倍他索/emoll、丙酸氟替卡松、阿奇黴素、氫化可的松、保濕配方、葉酸、地奈德(desonide)、吡美莫司(pimecrolimus)、煤焦油、二乙酸二氟拉松(diflorasone diacetate)、依那西普葉酸、乳酸、甲氧沙林(methoxsalen)、hc/次五倍
子酸鉍(bismuth subgal)/znox/resor、乙酸甲基潑尼松龍、強的松、防曬劑、氯氟舒松(halcinonide)、水楊酸、地蒽酚(anthralin)、新戊酸氯可托龍(clocortolone pivalate)、煤提取物、煤焦油/水楊酸、煤焦油/水楊酸/硫、去羥米松(desoximetasone)、地西泮(diazepam)、潤膚劑、乙酸氟輕鬆/潤膚劑、礦物油/蓖麻油/na lact、礦物油/花生油、石油/肉豆蔻酸異丙酯、補骨脂素(psoralen)、水楊酸、肥皂/三溴沙侖(tribromsalan)、硫柳汞/硼酸、塞來考昔、英夫利昔單抗、環孢素、阿來塞普(alefacept)、依法珠單抗(efalizumab)、他克莫司(tacrolimus)、吡美莫司、PUVA、UVB、柳氮磺吡啶、ABT-874及烏斯泰單抗(ustekinamab)。
可與N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II共投與之用於牛皮癬性關節炎之治療劑的非限制性實例包括以下:胺甲蝶呤、依那西普、羅非考昔、塞來考昔、葉酸、柳氮磺吡啶、萘普生、來氟米特、乙酸甲基潑尼松龍、吲哚美辛、硫酸羥氯喹、強的松、舒林酸、倍他米松二丙酸增強劑、英夫利昔單抗、胺甲蝶呤、葉酸、曲安奈德、雙氯芬酸、二甲亞碸、吡羅昔康、雙氯芬酸鈉、酮洛芬、美洛昔康、甲基潑尼松龍、萘丁美酮、托美汀鈉、卡泊三烯、環孢素、雙氯芬酸鈉/米索前列醇、乙酸氟輕鬆、硫酸葡糖胺、硫代蘋果酸金鈉鹽、重酒石酸二氫可待因酮/apap、布洛芬、利塞膦酸鈉(risedronate sodium)、磺胺嘧啶、硫鳥嘌呤、伐地考昔、阿來塞普、D2E7(阿達木單抗)及依法珠單抗。
可與N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II共投與之用於SLE(狼瘡)之治療劑的實例包括以下:NSAIDS,例如雙氯芬酸、萘普生、布洛芬、吡羅昔康、吲哚美辛;COX2抑制劑,例如塞來考昔、
羅非考昔、伐地考昔;抗瘧疾藥,例如羥氯喹;類固醇,例如強的松、潑尼松龍、布地奈德、地塞米松;細胞毒性劑,例如硫唑嘌呤、環磷醯胺、麥考酚酸嗎乙酯、胺甲蝶呤;PDE4抑制劑或嘌呤合成抑制劑,例如Cellcept®。N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II亦可與以下藥劑組合:諸如柳氮磺吡啶、5-胺基水楊酸、奧沙拉秦、Imuran®,及干擾促發炎細胞介素(諸如IL-1)之合成、產生或作用之藥劑,例如半胱天冬酶(caspase)抑制劑,如IL-1β轉化酶抑制劑及IL-1ra。N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II亦可與T細胞信號傳導抑制劑,例如酪胺酸激酶抑制劑;或靶向T細胞活化分子之分子,例如CTLA-4-IgG或抗B7家族抗體、抗PD-1家族抗體一起使用。N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可與IL-11或抗細胞介素抗體(例如芳妥珠單抗(fonotolizumab)(抗IFNg抗體)或抗受體受體抗體(例如抗IL-6受體抗體)及B細胞表面分子之抗體組合。N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II亦可與LJP 394(阿貝莫司(abetimus))、清除(deplete)或不活化B細胞之藥劑(例如利妥昔單抗(抗CD20抗體))、林弗司他-B(lymphostat-B)(抗BlyS抗體)、TNF拮抗劑(例如抗TNF抗體)、D2E7(阿達木單抗)、CA2(英夫利昔單抗)、CDP 571、TNFR-Ig構築體、(p75TNFRIgG(依那西普)及p55TNFRIgG(LENERCEPTTM)一起使用。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II亦可與治療有效量之一或多種用於預防或治療AIDS之藥劑共投與,其中該等藥劑之實例包括HIV逆轉錄酶抑制劑、HIV蛋白酶抑制劑、免疫調節劑及其他逆轉
錄病毒藥物。逆轉錄酶抑制劑之實例包括(但不限於)阿巴卡韋(abacavir)、阿德福韋(adefovir)、去羥肌苷(didanosine)、地披福西(dipivoxil)、地拉韋定(delavirdine)、依法韋倫(efavirenz)、恩曲他濱(emtricitabine)、拉米夫定(lamivudine)、奈韋拉平(nevirapine)、利匹韋林(rilpivirine)、司他夫定(stavudine)、泰諾福韋(tenofovir)、紮昔他賓(zalcitabine)及齊多夫定(zidovudine)。蛋白酶抑制劑之實例包括(但不限於)氨普那韋(amprenavir)、阿紮那韋(atazanavir)、地瑞那韋(darunavir)、茚地那韋(indinavir)、呋山那韋(fosamprenavir)、洛匹那韋(lopinavir)、奈非那韋(nelfinavir)、利托那韋(ritonavir)、沙奎那韋(saquinavir)及替拉那韋(tipranavir)。其他逆轉錄病毒藥物之實例包括(但不限於)埃替格韋(elvitegravir)、恩夫韋肽(enfuvirtide)、馬拉韋羅(maraviroc)及雷特格韋(raltegravir)。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可與治療有效量之一或多種用以預防或治療II型糖尿病、肝脂肪變性、胰島素抗性、代謝症候群及相關病症之治療劑共投與,其中該等藥劑之實例包括(但不限於)胰島素及經修飾以改良體內之作用持續時間之胰島素;刺激胰島素分泌之藥劑,例如乙酸已脲(acetohexamide)、氯磺丙脲(chlorpropamide)、格列本脲(glyburide)、格列美脲(glimepiride)、格列吡嗪(glipizide)、格列齊特(glicazide)、苯碸醯胺(glycopyramide)、格列喹酮(gliquidone)、瑞格列奈(rapaglinide)、那格列奈(nataglinide)、妥拉磺脲(tolazamide)及甲苯磺丁脲(tolbutamide);作為胰高血糖素樣胎激動劑之藥劑,例如艾塞那肽(exanatide)、利拉魯肽(liraglutide)及他司魯泰(taspoglutide);抑制二肽-肽酶IV之藥劑,例如維格列汀(vildagliptin)、西格列汀(sitagliptin)、沙克列汀(saxagliptin)、利拉利汀(linagliptin)、阿格列汀(allogliptin)及塞格列
汀(septagliptin);結合過氧化物酶體增殖子活化受體γ之藥劑,例如羅格列酮(rosiglitazone)及吡格列酮(pioglitazone);降低胰島素抗性之藥劑,例如二甲雙胍(metformin);降低葡萄糖在小腸中之吸收之藥劑,例如阿卡波糖(acarbose)、米格列醇(miglitol)及伏格列波糖(voglibose)。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II可與治療有效量之一或多種用以預防或治療急性腎病症及慢性腎病之治療劑共投與,其中該等藥劑之實例包括(但不限於)多巴胺(dopamine)、利尿藥(例如呋塞米(furosemide)、布美他尼(bumetanide)、噻嗪及諸如此類)、甘露醇、葡萄糖酸鈣、碳酸氫鈉、沙丁胺醇(albuterol)、帕立骨化醇(paricalcitol)、度骨化醇(doxercalciferol)、西那卡塞特(cinacalcet)及甲基巴多索隆(bardoxalone methyl)。
術語「治療」(「treat」、「treating」、及「treatment」)係指減輕或消除疾病及/或其伴隨症狀之方法。
術語「預防」(「prevent」、「preventing」及「prevention」)係指預防疾病及/或其伴隨症狀發作或使個體免於獲得疾病的方法。本文所用「預防」(「prevent」、「preventing」及「prevention」)亦包括延遲疾病及/或其伴隨症狀發作及降低個體獲得疾病之風險。
片語「治療有效量」意指在特定個體或個體群體中單獨投與或結合另一醫藥劑或治療投與時,化合物或其醫藥上可接受之鹽之量足以預防所治療病況或病症之症狀中之一或多者發生或將其減輕至一定程度。舉例而言,在人類或其他哺乳動物中,治療有效量可在實驗室或臨床環境中以實驗測定,或對於所治療之特定疾病及個體,可為United States Food and Drug Administration或等效外國機構之指南所需之量。
術語「個體」在本文中定義為指動物,例如哺乳動物,包括(但
不限於)靈長類動物(例如人類)、牛、綿羊、山羊、馬、狗、貓、兔、大鼠、小鼠及諸如此類。在較佳實施例中,個體係人類。
以下實例可用於闡釋性目的且不應認為縮窄本發明之範疇。
粉末X射線繞射(PXRD)
配備有彎曲位置敏感性檢測器及平行束光學器件之使用G3000繞射儀(Inel公司,Artenay,France)收集PXRD數據。於40kV及30mA下利用銅陽極管(1.5kW細焦)操作繞射儀。入射束鍺單色儀提供單色輻射。使用衰減直束以1度間隔校準繞射儀。使用矽粉末線位置參照標準(NIST 640c)檢查校準。使用Symphonix軟體(Inel公司,Artenay,France)用電腦控制該儀器且使用Jade軟體(第9版,Materials Data公司,Livermore,CA)對數據進行分析。將試樣裝載至鋁試樣架上並與載玻片平齊。利用於40kV及30mA下操作之X射線管將試樣用銅Kα1 X射線輻照。
PXRD圖案示於圖1及4中。下表包括該分析且利用以下近似數據提供:2θ位置及相對強度,其使用峰高度以量測高度%(H%)(計數/秒)。
差示掃描量熱法(DSC)
使用配備有Universal Analysis 2000軟體(4.5A版,TA Instruments,New Castle,DE)之DSC(Q-2000,TA Instruments,New Castle,DE)以測定DSC熱示蹤。利用聯苯、銦及錫標樣校準溫度軸。利用銦校準電池常數。除非另有說明,否則將試樣(2-5mg)囊封於通風鋁盤中,並在研究期間在50mL/min之氮氣流量下以10℃/min之速率加熱。
熱重分析(TGA)
在配備有數據分析儀(Universal Analysis 2000,4.5A版,TA
Instruments,New Castle,DE)之熱平衡(Q-500,TA Instruments,New Castle,DE)上收集TGA示蹤。在實驗期間,將爐用氮以60mL/min吹掃,同時以40mL/min吹掃平衡室。使用鋁及鎳之居裡點(curie point)校準TGA爐之溫度、試樣大小平均為2mg至20mg,且使用10℃/min之加熱速率。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺形式I之製備
步驟1A
將2-溴-1-氟-4-硝基苯(15g,68mmol)、2,4-二氟苯酚(7.82mL,82mmol)及碳酸銫(26.7g,82mmol)存於二甲亞碸(75mL)中之混合物於110℃下加熱1小時。將反應混合物冷卻至環境溫度並添加水(1000mL)及飽和氯化鈉水溶液(1000mL)。用乙酸乙酯(3×200mL)萃取混合物。將合併之有機物用飽和氯化鈉水溶液洗滌,乾燥(無水硫酸鎂),過濾並在減壓下濃縮,以提供2-溴-1-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-4-硝基苯(22.5g,定量)。
步驟2A
將2-溴-1-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-4-硝基苯(22.5g,68.2mmol)、鐵粉(19.04g,341mmol)及氯化銨(7.30g,136mmol)存於四氫呋喃(117mL)、乙醇(117mL)及水(39.0mL)中之混合物在回流下於100℃下加熱2小時。將反應混合物冷卻至僅低於回流溫度,經由矽藻土過濾,並用甲醇(3×50mL)洗滌濾餅。將所得溶液在減壓下濃縮且隨後用飽和碳酸氫鈉(150mL)中和至pH 8。用乙酸乙酯(3×100mL)萃取混合物。將合併之有機物用飽和氯化鈉水溶液洗滌,經無水硫酸鎂乾燥,過濾並濃縮。藉由急驟層析(矽膠,乙酸乙酯/己烷梯度0-15%)純化殘餘物,以提供3-溴-4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)苯胺(16.8g,82%產率)。
步驟3A
將5-溴-2-甲氧基-4-甲基-3-硝基吡啶(15.0g,60.7mmol)溶解於二甲基甲醯胺(300mL)中,並添加甲醇鋰(6.07mL,6.07mmol,1M)。將反應混合物加熱至100℃。經10分鐘向此混合物中添加1,1-二甲氧基-N,N-二甲基甲胺(64.5mL,486mmol)。在95℃下將反應混合物攪拌16小時。將反應混合物冷卻至室溫並小心添加水(300mL,放熱)。藉由真空過濾收集所得沈澱,用水洗滌並乾燥,以提供(E)-2-(5-溴-2-甲氧基-3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-N,N-二甲基乙胺(13.9g,45.9mmol,76%產率)。
步驟4A
向不銹鋼壓力瓶中之Ra-Ni 2800(用乙醇預洗滌)、水漿液(6.9g,118mmol)中添加(E)-2-(5-溴-2-甲氧基-3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-N,N-二甲基乙胺(13.9g,45.8mmol)及乙酸乙酯(150mL)並於30 psi氫及室溫下攪拌30分鐘。過濾並濃縮反應混合物。將殘餘物與二氯甲烷一起研磨,並藉由過濾收集固體,以提供4-溴-7-甲氧基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶(5.82g)。蒸發母液並將殘餘物與二氯甲烷一起研磨並過濾,以提供額外1.63g 4-溴-7-甲氧基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶。總產率=7.45g,72%產率。
步驟5A
於室溫下攪拌4-溴-7-甲氧基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶(7.42g,32.7mmol)存於二甲基甲醯胺(235mL)中之溶液。向此溶液中添加氫化鈉(1.18g,1.96g存於油中之60%分散液,49.0mmol),並將反應混合物攪拌10分鐘。隨後逐份添加對甲苯磺醯氯(9.35g,49.0mmol),並將混合物於室溫下在氮下攪拌16小時。小心地用水驟冷反應混合物並藉由在布氏漏斗(Buchner funnel)上真空過濾收集所得灰棕色固體,並用水洗滌。收集固體並於50℃下在真空爐中乾燥,以提供12.4g(100%)4-溴-7-甲氧基-1-甲苯磺醯基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶。
步驟6A
於室溫下攪拌4-溴-7-甲氧基-1-甲苯磺醯基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶(12.4g,32.6mmol)存於二噁烷(140mL)中之溶液。向此溶液中添加存於二噁烷(140mL)中之4M HCl。在40℃下將反應混合物攪拌16小時。將反應混合物冷卻至室溫並濃縮。將殘餘物與二乙醚一起研磨,過濾,並用額外二乙醚沖洗並乾燥,以提供灰棕色固體狀4-溴-1-甲苯磺醯基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-7(6H)-酮(11.23g,30.6mmol,94%產率)。
步驟7A
在氮下向4-溴-1-甲苯磺醯基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-7(6H)-酮(11.2g,30.4mmol)存於二甲基甲醯胺(217mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加氫化鈉(0.875g,36.5mmol,1.46g存於油中之60%分散液)。30分鐘後,添加碘甲烷(2.27mL,36.5mmol)並將溶液於室溫下攪拌3h。在添加水(250mL)後,形成沈澱。藉由真空過濾收集沈澱,用水(50mL)沖洗並於55℃下在真空爐中乾燥過夜,以提供11.2g 4-溴-6-甲基-1-甲苯磺醯基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-7(6H)-酮(96%)。
步驟8A
合併4-溴-6-甲基-1-甲苯磺醯基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-7(6H)-酮(6.55g,17.2mmol)、4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-八甲基-2,2'-二(1,3,2-二氧雜硼)(8.73g,34.4mmol)、乙酸鉀(3.71g,37.8mmol)、叁(二亞苄基丙酮)二鈀(0)(0.393g,0.430mmol)及2-二環己基膦基-2’,4’,6’-三異丙基聯苯(X-PHOS,0.819g,1.72mmol)並在攪拌下用氬噴布1小時。將二噁烷(86mL)用氮噴布1小時,在氮下經由套管轉移至固體組份,並將混合物在氮下於80℃下加熱5小時。將反應混合物冷卻至室溫,分配在乙酸乙酯與水之間並經由矽藻土過濾。將乙酸乙酯用鹽水洗滌兩次,乾燥(Na2SO4),過濾並濃縮。藉由層析(矽膠,存於己烷中之25%
至80%乙酸乙酯)純化殘餘物。將自層析之所得物質與最少量之己烷(30mL)一起研磨並藉由過濾收集顆粒固體,用最少量之己烷沖洗並乾燥至恆定質量,以得到6-甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧雜硼-2-基)-1-甲苯磺醯基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-7(6H)-酮(5.4g,73%)。
步驟9A
將3-溴-4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)苯胺(5.0g,11.67mmol)、6-甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧雜硼-2-基)-1-甲苯磺醯基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-7(6H)-酮(3.85g,12.84mmol)、1,3,5,7-四甲基-6-苯基-2,4,8-三氧雜-6-磷酸金剛烷(0.399g,1.366mmol)、叁(二亞苄基丙酮)二鈀(0)(0.321g,0.350mmol)及磷酸鉀(6.19g,29.2mmol)存於二噁烷(50mL)及水(12.5mL)中之混合物脫氣並用氮回填若干次。將反應混合物於60℃下加熱16小時且隨後冷卻至環境溫度。將反應混合物分配在水與乙酸乙酯之間。將水層用額外乙酸乙酯萃取三次。將合併之有機層用鹽水洗滌,經無水硫酸鎂乾燥,過濾並濃縮。藉由急驟管柱層析(矽膠,60%乙酸乙酯/己烷)純化殘餘物,以提供4-(5-胺基-2-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)苯基)-6-甲基-1-甲苯磺醯基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-7(6H)-酮(4.40g,72.3%產率)。
步驟10A
將4-(5-胺基-2-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)苯基)-6-甲基-1-甲苯磺醯基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-7(6H)-酮(4.35g,8.34mmol)存於二氯甲烷(50mL)中之溶液冷卻至0℃。向此溶液中添加乙烷磺醯氯(2.37mL,25.0mmol)。將反應混合物於室溫下攪拌2小時。蒸發溶劑並將殘餘物分配在乙酸乙酯與水之間。將水層用額外乙酸乙酯萃取兩次。將合併之有機層用飽和氯化鈉水溶液洗滌,經無水硫酸鎂乾燥,過濾並濃縮。藉由急驟層析(矽膠,80%乙酸乙酯/己烷)純化殘餘物,以提供N-(4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-1-甲苯磺醯基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯
并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基)-N-(乙基磺醯基)乙磺醯胺(5.34g,91%產率)。
步驟11A
將N-(4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-1-甲苯磺醯基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基)-N-(乙基磺醯基)乙磺醯胺(5.3g,7.5mmol)、氫氧化鉀(8.43g,150mmol)及N,N,N-三甲基十六烷-1-溴化銨(0.137g,0.375mmol)存於四氫呋喃(60mL)及水(30mL)中之混合物於90℃下加熱16小時。在減壓下移除四氫呋喃,並將殘餘物分配在水與乙酸乙酯之間。使用10% HCl將水層中和至pH=7。隨後用乙酸乙酯萃取水層兩次。將合併之有機層用飽和氯化鈉水溶液洗滌,經無水硫酸鎂乾燥,過濾並濃縮。藉由急驟層析(矽膠,乙酸乙酯)純化殘餘物。合併並濃縮期望部分。將殘餘物與20mL乙腈一起研磨,以提供N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺形式I(2.82g,82%產率)。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ 1.23(t,J=7.3Hz,3H),3.11(q,J=7.3Hz,2H),3.53(s,3H),6.27-6.22(m,1H),6.91(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.13-6.93(m,2H),7.19(dd,J=8.8,2.7Hz,1H),7.32-7.25(m,2H),7.42-7.31(m,2H),9.77(s,1H),12.04(bs,1H)。MS(ESI+)m/z 460.1(M+H)+。
形式I固體之PXRD分析提供表1中所列舉之X射線繞射峰。移除一部分形式I固體,加熱至190℃,且隨後冷卻至室溫。在藉由PXRD分析時所得之物質提供表2中所列舉之X射線繞射峰。對於此物質之DSC溫度記錄圖繪示於圖2中。形式I之熔融出現在約238.30℃下。此物質之TGA曲線繪示於圖3中。
形式II之代表性熱特性示於圖5及6中。形式II之熔融出現在約241.15℃下。
N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺形式II之製備
步驟1B
於環境溫度下將3-溴-4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)苯胺(3.24g,10.80mmol)及三乙胺(4.37g,43.2mmol)在二氯甲烷(48.1mL)中攪拌。逐滴添加乙烷磺醯氯(4.16g,32.4mmol)並將溶液於環境溫度下攪拌1小時。在減壓下濃縮反應混合物,添加二噁烷(24mL)及氫氧化鈉(10% w/v,12mL,0.427mmol),並將溶液加熱至70℃並保持1小時。用飽和NH4Cl水溶液(200mL)將溶液中和至約pH 7。用乙酸乙酯(3×125mL)萃取水相。將合併之有機物用鹽水洗滌,乾燥(無水MgSO4),過濾且隨後在減壓下濃縮。藉由急驟層析(矽膠,0-50%乙酸乙酯/石油醚梯度)純化殘餘物,以得到N-(3-溴-4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)苯基)乙磺醯胺(1.4g,3.57mmol,33.1%產率)。
步驟2B
合併6-甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧雜硼-2-基)-1-甲苯磺醯基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-7(6H)-酮(6.00g,14.0mmol)、N-(3-溴-4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)苯基)乙磺醯胺(5.77g,14.7mmol)、1,3,5,7-四甲基-6-苯基-2,4,8-三氧雜-6-磷酸金剛烷(0.205g,0.700mmol)、叁(二亞苄基丙酮)二鈀(0)(0.321g,0.350mmol)及磷酸鉀(2.97g,14.0mmol)之混合物並用氬噴布30分鐘。將二噁烷(60mL)及水(15mL)之混合物用氮噴布30分鐘並在氬下藉由注射器轉移至反應容器中。將反應混合物於60℃下攪拌2小時,冷卻至環境溫度並分配在乙酸乙酯與水之間。將有機層用鹽水洗滌,乾燥(無水硫酸鈉),用矽膠(2-4g)處理45分鐘,過濾並濃縮,以得到N-(4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-1-甲苯磺醯基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基)乙磺醯胺(8g,13.04mmol,93%產率)。
步驟3B
將N-(4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-1-甲苯磺醯基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基)乙磺醯胺(8.0g,13mmol)、N,N,N-三甲基十六烷-1-溴化銨(0.238g,0.652mmol)及氫氧化鉀(11.9g,211mmol)合併於四氫呋喃(66mL)及水(22mL)中並將混合物於100℃下加熱14小時。將反應混合物冷卻至環境溫度並分配在乙酸乙酯與水之間並藉由小心添加濃HCl將pH調節至約7。分離有機層,用飽和氯化鈉水溶液洗滌三次,乾燥(無水Na2SO4),過濾並濃縮。將殘餘物懸浮於二氯甲烷中並在回流下加熱4小時且隨後冷卻至室溫。藉由過濾分離所得固體並用二氯甲烷及己烷沖洗,以得到N-(4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基)乙磺醯胺形式I及形式II之混合物(4.2g,9.14mmol,70.1%產率)。
步驟4B
將步驟3B之形式I及形式II之混合物之一部分(7.5g,16.32mmol)溶解於沸騰乙酸乙酯(1500mL)及乙醇(50mL)之溶劑混合物中。中斷加熱並將熱溶液用3-巰基丙基官能化矽膠(Aldrich,目錄號538086,10g)及Darco G-60(10g)處理,攪拌20分鐘,經由0.5英吋深之矽藻土墊過濾並濃縮濾液。將所得固體在回流乙醇(150mL)中攪拌2小時,冷卻至環境溫度並藉由過濾收集固體並乾燥至恆定質量(6.517g,87%回收率),以提供N-(4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基)乙磺醯胺形式II。
形式II固體給出表3中所列舉之X射線繞射峰。移除上述步驟4B中生成之形式II固體之一部分,加熱至190℃,且隨後冷卻至室溫。在藉由PXRD分析時所得之固體提供表4中所列舉之X射線繞射峰。對於此物質之DSC溫度記錄圖繪示於圖5中。形式II之熔融出現在約241.15℃下。此物質之TGA曲線繪示於圖6中。
Claims (26)
- 一種N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之分離結晶形式,其中該結晶形式具有包含三個或更多個選自由以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。
- 一種N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之分離結晶形式,其中該結晶形式具有包含以下2θ峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案:6.2°、9.0°、11.0°、12.3°、12.6°、13.1°、14.1°、15.6°、16.4°、16.5°、16.9°、17.8°、18.1°、18.3°、18.9°、20.4°、21.1°、21.6°、21.8°、22.1°、22.9°、23.2°、24.4°、24.7°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。
- 如請求項1之結晶形式,其具有包含3、4、5或6個選自由以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。
- 如請求項1之結晶形式,其具有包含6個選自由以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。
- 如請求項1之結晶形式,其具有包含5個選自由以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。
- 如請求項1之結晶形式,其具有包含4個選自由以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。
- 如請求項1之結晶形式,其具有包含3個選自由以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。
- 如請求項1之結晶形式,其具有包含以下2θ峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°及15.6°。
- 如請求項1之結晶形式,其具有包含以下2θ峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案:22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。
- 如請求項2之結晶形式,其具有包含於2θ位置6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、13.1°、14.1°、16.4°、16.5°、16.9°、17.8°、18.1°、18.3°及18.9°之峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案。
- 如請求項2之結晶形式,其具有包含於2θ位置6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、13.1°、14.1°、18.1°及18.9°之峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案。
- 如請求項2之結晶形式,其具有包含於2θ位置6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、13.1°及18.1°之峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案。
- 如請求項2之結晶形式,其具有包含於2θ位置9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、13.1°及18.1°之峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案。
- 如請求項1之結晶形式,其具有介於240℃與242℃之間之差示掃描量熱法溫度記錄圖吸熱峰。
- 如請求項1之結晶形式,其具有在約241℃之差示掃描量熱法溫度記錄圖吸熱峰。
- 一種醫藥組合物,其包含如請求項1之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之分離結晶形式及至少一種醫藥上可接受之載劑。
- 一種如請求項1之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式之用途,其用於製造用於治療癌症之藥劑。
- 如請求項17之用途,其中該癌症係選自由以下組成之群:聽神經瘤、急性白血病、急性淋巴球性白血病、急性骨髓細胞性白血病(單核球白血病、成髓細胞性(myeloblastic)白血病、腺癌、血管肉瘤、星形細胞瘤、骨髓單核球性白血病及前骨髓細胞性白血病)、急性t細胞白血病、基底細胞癌、膽管癌、膀胱癌、腦癌、乳癌、枝氣管癌、子宮頸癌、軟骨肉瘤、脊索瘤、絨毛膜癌、慢性白血病、慢性淋巴球性白血病、慢性骨髓細胞(顆粒球)性白血病、慢性骨髓性白血病、結腸癌、結腸直腸癌、顱咽管瘤、囊腺癌、瀰漫性大B細胞淋巴瘤、增殖異常變化(dys-proliferative change)(發育不良及化生(metaplasias))、胚胎性癌、子宮內膜癌、內皮肉瘤、室管膜瘤、上皮癌、紅白血病、食道癌、雌激素受體陽性乳癌、自發性血小板增多、尤因氏瘤(Ewing’s tumor)、纖維肉瘤、濾泡性淋巴瘤、生殖細胞睪丸癌、神經膠質瘤、神經膠質母細胞瘤、神經膠質肉瘤、重鏈病、血管母細胞瘤、肝細胞瘤、肝細胞癌、激素不敏感前列腺癌、平滑肌肉瘤、白血病、脂肪肉瘤、肺癌、淋巴管內皮肉瘤、淋巴管肉瘤、成淋巴球性白血病、淋巴瘤(何傑金氏淋巴瘤(Hodgkin’s lymphoma)及非何傑金氏淋巴瘤),膀胱、乳房、結腸、肺、卵巢、胰臟、前列腺、皮膚及子宮之惡性病及過度增殖性病症,T細胞或B細胞源之淋巴惡性病(lymphoid malignancies)、白血病、淋巴瘤、髓樣癌、髓母細胞瘤(medulloblastoma)、黑色素瘤、腦脊髓膜瘤、間皮瘤、多發性骨髓瘤、骨髓性白血病、骨髓瘤、黏液肉瘤、神經母細胞瘤、NUT中線癌(NMC)、非小細胞肺癌、少突神經膠質瘤、口腔癌、骨原性肉瘤、卵巢癌、胰臟癌、乳頭狀腺癌、乳頭狀癌、松果體瘤、真性紅血球增多症、前列腺癌、直腸癌、腎細胞癌、視網膜母細胞瘤、橫紋肌肉瘤、肉瘤、皮脂腺癌、精原細胞瘤、皮膚癌、小細胞肺癌(small cell lung carcinoma)、實體瘤(癌及肉瘤)、小細胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer)、胃癌、鱗狀細胞癌、滑膜瘤、汗腺癌、甲狀腺癌、沃爾登斯特倫巨球蛋白血症(Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia)、睪丸腫瘤、子宮癌及威爾姆斯瘤(Wilms’tumor)。
- 一種製備包含N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺及醫藥上可接受之載劑之醫藥組合物的方法,該方法包含:混合N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之分離結晶形式與醫藥上可接受之載劑,其中該結晶形式具有包含三個或更多個選自由以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。
- 一種組合物,其包含大於90%(w/w)N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式II,其中該結晶形式具有包含三個或更多個選自由以下組成之群之2θ峰值±0.2之粉末X射線繞射圖案:6.2°、9.0°、12.3°、12.6°、15.6°、22.1°、25.6°、26.3°、27.0°及27.3°。
- 一種如請求項1之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式的用途,其用於製造用於治療急性腎疾病或病況之藥劑,其中該急性腎疾病或病況係選自由以下組成之群:缺血-再灌注誘發之腎病、心臟手術及大手術誘發之腎病、經皮冠狀動脈介入誘發之腎病、放射性對比劑誘發之腎病、敗血症誘發之腎病、肺炎誘發之腎病及藥物毒性誘發之腎病。
- 一種如請求項1之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式的用途,其用於製造用於治療慢性腎疾病或病況之藥劑,其中該慢性腎疾病或病況係選自由以下組成之群:糖尿病性腎病、高血壓性腎病、HIV相關之腎病、腎小球性腎炎、狼瘡性腎炎、IgA腎病、局灶性節段性腎小球硬化症、膜性腎小球性腎炎、微小改變疾病、多囊性腎病及腎小管間質性腎炎。
- 一種如請求項1之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式的用途,其用於製造用於治療疾病或病況之藥劑,其中該疾病或病況係選自由以下組成之群:阿狄森氏病(Addison's disease)、急性痛風、強直性脊椎炎、哮喘、動脈粥樣硬化、貝塞特氏病(Behcet's disease)、大皰性皮膚病、心肌病、心臟肥大、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、克羅恩氏病(Crohn's disease)、皮膚炎、濕疹、巨細胞性動脈炎、腎小球性腎炎、心臟衰竭、肝炎、垂體炎、發炎性腸病、川崎氏病(Kawasaki disease)、狼瘡性腎炎、多發性硬化、心肌炎、肌炎、腎炎、器官移植排斥、骨關節炎、胰臟炎、心包炎、結節性多動脈炎、肺炎、原發性膽汁性肝硬化、牛皮癬、牛皮癬性關節炎、類風濕性關節炎、鞏膜炎、硬化性膽管炎、敗血症、全身性紅斑狼瘡、高安氏動脈炎(Takayasu's Arteritis)、中毒性休克、甲狀腺炎、I型糖尿病、潰瘍性結腸炎、葡萄膜炎、白斑病、血管炎及韋格納氏肉芽腫病(Wegener's granulomatosis)。
- 一種如請求項1之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式的用途,其用於製造用於治療獲得性免疫缺陷症候群(AIDS)之藥劑。
- 一種如請求項1之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式的用途,其用於製造用於治療疾病或病況之藥劑,其中該疾病或病況係選自由以下組成之群:肥胖症、血脂異常、高膽固醇血症、阿茲海默氏病(Alzheimer’s disease)、代謝症候群、肝脂肪變性、II型糖尿病、胰島素抗性、糖尿病視網膜病變及糖尿病性神經病變。
- 一種醫藥組合物於製造用於雄性個體避孕之藥物的用途,其中該醫藥組合物包含如請求項1之N-[4-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)-3-(6-甲基-7-側氧基-6,7-二氫-1H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡啶-4-基)苯基]乙磺醯胺之結晶形式及至少一種醫藥上可接受之載劑。
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Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6271380B1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2001-08-07 | Dupont Pharmaceuticals Company | 1H-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazin-7-ones, 3H-imidazo-[4,5-c]pyridin-4-ones and corresponding thiones as corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) receptor ligands |
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