TWI626312B - 具提升活性的木醣苷酶 - Google Patents
具提升活性的木醣苷酶 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI626312B TWI626312B TW106136658A TW106136658A TWI626312B TW I626312 B TWI626312 B TW I626312B TW 106136658 A TW106136658 A TW 106136658A TW 106136658 A TW106136658 A TW 106136658A TW I626312 B TWI626312 B TW I626312B
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- xylosidase
- amino acid
- acid sequence
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- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-phenylalanine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylalanine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 35
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001480714 Humicola insolens Species 0.000 claims description 7
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- FWMNVWWHGCHHJJ-SKKKGAJSSA-N 4-amino-1-[(2r)-6-amino-2-[[(2r)-2-[[(2r)-2-[[(2r)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]piperidine-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1CCC(N)(CC1)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 FWMNVWWHGCHHJJ-SKKKGAJSSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229960001340 histamine Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 27
- 235000014304 histidine Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
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- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 15
- 102200005930 rs185017345 Human genes 0.000 description 15
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- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101710121765 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase Proteins 0.000 description 4
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- 229930195712 glutamate Natural products 0.000 description 4
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- 241000235058 Komagataella pastoris Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- IQUPABOKLQSFBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitrophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O IQUPABOKLQSFBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010054576 Deoxyribonuclease EcoRI Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010001817 Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-histidine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000235648 Pichia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010084455 Zeocin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 108010093941 acetylxylan esterase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010080434 cephalosporin-C deacetylase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004520 electroporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010353 genetic engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CWCMIVBLVUHDHK-ZSNHEYEWSA-N phleomycin D1 Chemical compound N([C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@H](O)C)C(=O)NCCC=1SC[C@@H](N=1)C=1SC=C(N=1)C(=O)NCCCCNC(N)=N)[C@@H](O[C@H]1[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1)O[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H](OC(N)=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)C=1N=CNC=1)C(=O)C1=NC([C@H](CC(N)=O)NC[C@H](N)C(N)=O)=NC(N)=C1C CWCMIVBLVUHDHK-ZSNHEYEWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004076 pulp bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002741 site-directed mutagenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001221 xylan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004823 xylans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000005253 yeast cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007222 ypd medium Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本案係關於一種具提升活性的木醣苷酶,其胺基酸序列係為將序列編號2第35個位置的苯丙胺酸突變成谷胺酸,及/或將第41個位置的麩醯胺酸突變成組胺酸之胺基酸序列。
Description
本案係關於一種木醣苷酶,尤指一種具提升活性的木醣苷酶。
聚木醣(xylan)是半纖維素(hemicellulose)的主要組成,其數目為自然界中多醣的第二多,而半纖維素又是構成植物細胞壁的主要成分之一,因此,長久以來,全球對於與聚木醣相關的工業應用十分廣泛並高度重視。聚木醣是由五碳醣的木醣(xylose)為單位,且利用b-1,4-糖苷鍵(glycosidic bond)所鍵結而成的長鏈多醣。自然界裡的聚木醣具有十分複雜且多樣化的結構組成,像是能被甲基團(methyl group)或是乙醯基團(acetyl group)所修飾,甚至也會跟其他的醣類分子所鍵結,而形成不同支鏈。因此,對於聚木醣的分解是需要不同種的分解酶共同進行反應,才能有效地將這種異質性複雜組成的聚木多醣分解成能被生物體所吸收利用的單醣。
至於聚木醣相關的分解酶有好幾種,例如:內切木聚醣酶(endo-b-D-xylanase)、外切木醣苷酶(b-1,4-xylosidase)或是分解支鏈的聚阿拉伯醣水解酶(arabinase)、乙醯木聚醣酯酶(acetylxylan esterase)以及葡萄醣醛酸苷酶(a-glucuronidase)等。而當中的關鍵酶種之一為b-D-木醣苷酶(EC 3.2.1.37),它能以外切方式從非還原端水解寡木醣,而得到木醣這種的單醣產物。
由於木醣苷酶能與內切木聚醣酶進行協同作用,進而將聚木醣完全分解。因此,多年以來,木醣苷酶能夠和木聚醣酶一同應用在許多不同的工業上,像是:在造紙工業中的漂白過程;食品工業裡提高麵團品質以及幫助果汁的澄清;飼料工業上也能增加動物的營養吸收;甚至也可應用在生質能源方面。而針對不同的工業需求,木醣苷酶也需要符合其不同的應用環境。除了酶蛋白特性之外,其比活性也是改良工業酶蛋白的關鍵要點。酶蛋白本身的比活性愈高,在工業製程上所花費的成本就能降低,進而提高利潤。
目前在許多相關的研究中,為了得到更佳的酶,除了在自然界中篩選出來之外,就是將現有的酶蛋白加以改造。本案即欲藉由邏輯性地設計突變來提升木醣苷酶的比活性,進而增加其在工業應用上的產業價值。
本案之目的在於改造現有木醣苷酶,利用結構分析及點突變技術,以有效提升木醣苷酶的活性,進而增加木醣苷酶的工業應用價值。
為達上述目的,本案之一較廣義實施態樣為提供一種木醣苷酶,其胺基酸序列係為將序列編號2第35個位置的苯丙胺酸突變成谷胺酸,以及將第41個位置的麩醯胺酸突變成組胺酸之胺基酸序列。
在一實施例中,編碼該序列編號2之基因係從特異腐質霉(
Humicola insolens)所分離出來的Hixyl43A基因。
在一實施例中,該木醣苷酶之胺基酸序列如序列編號10所示。
本案之另一較廣義實施態樣為提供一種木醣苷酶,其胺基酸序列係為將序列編號2第35個位置的苯丙胺酸突變成谷胺酸之胺基酸序列。
在一實施例中,編碼該序列編號2之基因係從特異腐質霉(
Humicola insolens)所分離出來的Hixyl43A基因。
在一實施例中,該木醣苷酶之胺基酸序列如序列編號6所示。
本案之又一較廣義實施態樣為提供一種木醣苷酶,其胺基酸序列係為將序列編號2第41個位置的麩醯胺酸突變成組胺酸之胺基酸序列。
在一實施例中,編碼該序列編號2之基因係從特異腐質霉(
Humicola insolens)所分離出來的Hixyl43A基因。
在一實施例中,該木醣苷酶之胺基酸序列如序列編號8所示。
體現本案特徵與優點的一些典型實施例將在後段的說明中詳細敘述。應理解的是本案能夠在不同的態樣上具有各種的變化,其皆不脫離本案的範圍,且其中的說明及圖式在本質上係當作說明之用,而非用以限制本案。
本案的木醣苷酶基因Hixyl43A是從特異腐質霉(
Humicola insolensY1)此種耐熱真菌中所分離而來的。根據先前文獻指出,此木醣苷酶活性的最適作用條件約在pH 6.8、50
oC。本案係將此木醣苷酶基因Hixyl43A構築在載體上,並送入工業常用的畢赤酵母(
Pichia pastoris)中表現其蛋白。為了增進此木醣苷酶的應用價值,本案藉由分析其蛋白結構,挑選有潛力的胺基酸,再利用點突變技術(site-directed mutagenesis)改造之,以增加其比活性。透過結構分析,本案挑選出位於活性區附近的胺基酸,包括位於胺基酸序列上第35個位置的苯丙胺酸(phenylalanine)以及第41個位置的麩醯胺酸(glutamine)。利用點突變技術,將上述兩個胺基酸分別單一突變成谷胺酸(glutamate)以及組胺酸(histidine),以及將兩個突變點結合成雙突變點,而得到本案具有提升酶活性的木醣苷酶。
以下將詳述本案改造木醣苷酶之方法及其所得到之改良木醣苷酶。
第1圖顯示野生型木醣苷酶Hixyl43A的核苷酸序列以及胺基酸序列。如第1圖所示,木醣苷酶基因Hixyl43A包含978個鹼基(核苷酸序列以序列編號1標示),且編碼326個胺基酸(胺基酸序列以序列編號2標示)。首先,將木醣苷酶基因Hixyl43A利用
EcoRI以及
NotI構築到pPICZaA載體內。接著利用
PmeI把構築好的質體DNA進行線性化之後,再藉由電轉技術送入畢赤酵母中。最後,將電轉後的菌液塗在含有100 µg/ml Zeocin抗生素的YPD培養皿上,在30
oC中培養兩天,篩選出成功轉殖的酵母細胞。挑選菌落,接種到YPD培養基中,在30
oC下培養至隔天。為了放大菌量,再將其接種到BMGY培養基中,培養至隔天。利用離心,將菌體分離出來後,轉移到含有0.5%甲醇的BMMY培養基中,以誘導蛋白表現。最後,採取誘導後的樣本,並收集上清液。
木醣苷酶的三種突變基因則利用點突變技術取得。以野生型木醣苷酶基因Hixyl43A做為模板進行聚合酶連鎖反應(polymerase chain reaction, PCR),當中所用的突變引子列於第2圖,其中F35E意指木醣苷酶第35個位置之胺基酸由苯丙胺酸(phenylalanine)突變成谷胺酸(glutamate),且F35E突變引子序列以序列編號3標示,而Q41H意指木醣苷酶第41個位置之胺基酸由麩醯胺酸(glutamine)突變成組胺酸(histidine),且Q41H突變引子序列以序列編號4標示。因此,本案利用點突變技術取得木醣苷酶的三種突變基因分別是F35E、Q41H以及F35E/Q41H。
第3圖至第5圖即顯示本案所構築的三種突變體的核苷酸及胺基酸序列。第3圖顯示F35E突變型木醣苷酶的核苷酸序列以及胺基酸序列,其中核苷酸序列以序列編號5標示,胺基酸序列以序列編號6標示,且其第35個位置之胺基酸由苯丙胺酸(phenylalanine)突變成谷胺酸(glutamate)。第4圖顯示Q41H突變型木醣苷酶的核苷酸序列以及胺基酸序列,其中核苷酸序列以序列編號7標示,胺基酸序列以序列編號8標示,且其第41個位置之胺基酸由麩醯胺酸(glutamine)突變成組胺酸(histidine)。第5圖顯示F35E/Q41H突變型木醣苷酶的核苷酸序列以及胺基酸序列,其中核苷酸序列以序列編號9標示,胺基酸序列以序列編號10標示,且其第35個位置之胺基酸由苯丙胺酸(phenylalanine)突變成谷胺酸(glutamate),以及第41個位置之胺基酸由麩醯胺酸(glutamine)突變成組胺酸(histidine)。
接著再加入
DpnI,在37
oC 下作用,以去除原始模板。把質體 DNA 送入大腸桿菌勝任細胞內進行篩選,再藉由 DNA 定序,以確認突變序列的成功與否。最後,再將突變成功的基因分別送入畢赤酵母中表現,如同前述步驟。之後,再對野生型蛋白及三種突變型蛋白分別進行木醣苷酶的活性分析。
木醣苷酶的活性檢測方法是利用木醣苷酶催化水解硝基苯基-b-D-木醣苷(
p-nitrophenyl-b-D-xylopyranoside),釋放具呈色效果的硝基苯酚(nitrophenol),再進而推算出木醣苷酶的活性。大致來說,5 mM的硝基苯基-b-D-木醣苷與適當稀釋過的酶蛋白溶液混合之後,在50
oC的水浴槽中作用10分鐘,隨後加入2 M碳酸鈉以終止反應。最後,在OD410波長下測定吸光值,再換算成木醣苷酶的活性。
第6圖顯示野生型及突變型木醣苷酶的活性分析。如第6圖所示,在相同蛋白濃度的前提下,單一突變的F35E以及Q41H的比活性高於野生型蛋白(wild type),尤其是F35E明顯增加了將近9成的活性,而Q41H也有上升約2成活性。相較於野生型蛋白的100%活性,雙突變點的F35E/Q41H比活性更是大幅上升至約250%。除此之外,突變蛋白在畢赤酵母表達系統中的表達量與野生型蛋白相差不大。換言之,以總活性來說,F35E與Q41H的酶活性也高於野生型蛋白,且以F35E/Q41H的酶活性最高。因此,本案所改造之三種突變蛋白具有高酶活,能夠降低其生產成本,與野生型蛋白Hixyl43A相比,更有較佳的工業應用價值。
綜上所述,為了提升木醣苷酶Hixyl43A的活性,本案進一步分析其蛋白結構,挑選具改造潛力的胺基酸,進行合理地改造。結果顯示,所改造的三種突變型蛋白F35E、Q41H以及F35E/Q41H的活性皆高於野生型蛋白,甚至有超過兩倍的提升。因此,本案成功地提升木醣苷酶的活性,可降低其生產成本,更進一步地增進加此木醣苷酶的工業應用價值。
至今,木醣苷酶與其相關木聚醣酶在工業上的共同應用十分廣泛。在飼料工業上,可以幫助雞、豬這類的單胃動物去分解含有半纖維素組成的飼料,進而促進動物腸道的消化吸收。另外,在造紙工業製程中的紙漿漂白步驟,木醣苷酶與其相關木聚醣酶也能取代傳統有毒的含氯化學物質,有效地達到漂白結果。食品工業上的用途也很多,例如:能提高果汁澄清度以及幫助啤酒製程裡的醣化階段。最後,在生質能源方面,木醣苷酶更能進一步地把原料分解成能被微生物所利用的單醣,特定的微生物便能進行發酵作用,進而製造出生質酒精。由此可知,木醣苷酶能夠被應用在不同工業領域上,具有一定的經濟價值。而本案利用基因工程技術去改造木醣苷酶蛋白,使其活性大幅上升,代表著降低其生產成本,更進而增加此木醣苷酶的工業應用價值。
縱使本發明已由上述實施例詳細敘述而可由熟悉本技藝人士任施匠思而為諸般修飾,然皆不脫如附申請專利範圍所欲保護者。
無
第1圖顯示野生型木醣苷酶Hixyl43A的核苷酸序列以及胺基酸序列。 第2圖顯示點突變技術所採用的引子序列。 第3圖顯示F35E突變型木醣苷酶的核苷酸序列以及胺基酸序列。 第4圖顯示Q41H突變型木醣苷酶的核苷酸序列以及胺基酸序列。 第5圖顯示F35E/Q41H突變型木醣苷酶的核苷酸序列以及胺基酸序列。 第6圖顯示野生型及突變型木醣苷酶的活性分析。
Claims (9)
- 一種木醣苷酶,其胺基酸序列係為將序列編號2第35個位置的苯丙胺酸突變成谷胺酸,以及將第41個位置的麩醯胺酸突變成組胺酸之胺基酸序列。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之木醣苷酶,其中編碼該序列編號2之基因係從特異腐質霉( Humicola insolens)所分離出來的Hixyl43A基因。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之木醣苷酶,其中該木醣苷酶之胺基酸序列如序列編號10所示。
- 一種木醣苷酶,其胺基酸序列係為將序列編號2第35個位置的苯丙胺酸突變成谷胺酸之胺基酸序列。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之木醣苷酶,其中編碼該序列編號2之基因係從特異腐質霉( Humicola insolens)所分離出來的Hixyl43A基因。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之木醣苷酶,其中該木醣苷酶之胺基酸序列如序列編號6所示。
- 一種木醣苷酶,其胺基酸序列係為將序列編號2第41個位置的麩醯胺酸突變成組胺酸之胺基酸序列。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之木醣苷酶,其中編碼該序列編號2之基因係從特異腐質霉( Humicola insolens)所分離出來的Hixyl43A基因。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之木醣苷酶,其中該木醣苷酶之胺基酸序列如序列編號8所示。
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YANG, Xinzhuo, et al. Two xylose-tolerant GH43 bifunctional β-xylosidase/α-arabinosidases and one GH11 xylanase from Humicola insolens and their synergy in the degradation of xylan. Food chemistry, 2014, 148: 381-387. Humicola insolens Xyl43A,GenBank ACCESSION No: /23 * |
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