TWI603669B - A hydroponic culture apparatus and a hydroponic culture method. - Google Patents

Description

Hydroponic cultivation device and hydroponic cultivation method

The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus and a hydroponic cultivation method, and more particularly to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus and a hydroponic cultivation method for discharging the liquid stored in the cultivation tank to the outside with respect to the structure of the available apparatus itself.

It is known that a plant (hydroponic cultivation apparatus) for cultivating plants only with a culture liquid containing nutrients required for cultivating plants is not used.

In general, in order to grow a plant, a conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus periodically flows a culture solution into a cultivation tank, and the culture liquid stored in the cultivation tank is adjusted from a water level as the culture liquid flows in. The overflow pipe is discharged.

However, dust and dirt from the outside (hereinafter referred to as "dust") easily enter the cultivation tank, and the entered dust, in addition to floating on the water surface, is usually mixed in the culture liquid and deposited in the cultivation tank. bottom. In particular, the dirt deposited on the bottom of the cultivation tank causes an obstacle when the plant absorbs the culture liquid from the root, which is a cause of root rot and the like.

Further, in the process of cultivating plants in the cultivation tank, microalgae and bacteria (hereinafter referred to as "microorganisms") are easily generated in the culture solution, and the bacteria are deposited together with the dirt on the bottom of the cultivation tank. Moreover, these bacteria are also one of the causes of plant diseases and must be removed as soon as possible.

In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus described in Patent Reference 1, although the dust floating on the water surface of the culture liquid can be discharged from the overflow pipe relatively easily, there is still difficulty in removing dust and bacteria deposited on the bottom of the cultivation tank (below A problem called "dust, etc.").

Then, a technique of providing a drain pipe (siphon) having a slightly J-shaped shape in the cultivation tank has been developed, and the drain pipe has a water inlet opening toward the bottom of the cultivation tank (Patent Document 2).

According to this technique, a predetermined amount of the culture solution can be caused to flow into the cultivation tank to cause a siphon phenomenon. Therefore, the dust and the like deposited on the bottom of the cultivation tank can be discharged to the outside of the cultivation tank by the discharge pipe.

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2006-262750

[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-073003

However, in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus described in Patent Document 2, when the siphon phenomenon occurs, the culture liquid existing under the water inlet is mainly directed toward the water inlet, that is, a straight water flow is generated. Further, in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus described in Patent Document 2, the discharge pipe formed as the siphon phenomenon generating member is formed in a very simple tubular shape. Therefore, when the siphon phenomenon occurs, too much suction force is not generated.

Therefore, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus described in Patent Document 2 can effectively remove dust and the like existing directly under the water inlet, but cannot completely remove dust bacteria and the like existing at a position directly below the water inlet.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the invention is to provide a hydroponic cultivation apparatus and a hydroponic cultivation method which can effectively remove dust and bacteria in a cultivation tank.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hydroponic cultivation apparatus comprising: a cultivation tank for storing a liquid to grow a plant; and a discharge member for discharging the liquid stored in the cultivation tank from the cultivation tank, The discharge member includes a first liquid discharge portion that is tubular and penetrates the bottom of the cultivation tank from the vertical direction, and a second liquid discharge portion that connects the upper end portion of the first liquid discharge portion to be formed by the a funnel shape in which the upper end portion is expanded upward; a liquid inlet hole is formed in the peripheral wall portion of the second liquid discharge portion, so that the liquid stored in the cultivation tank flows into the inner side of the second liquid discharge portion; a portion having a protruding surface projecting from an inner surface of the peripheral wall portion of the second liquid discharge portion in a circumferential direction of the second liquid discharge portion below the liquid inlet hole, and flowing into the second row through the liquid inlet hole The liquid on the inner side of the liquid portion generates a recirculation; and a lid body formed in a bowl shape, and is stored in the cultivation tank in a state in which the first liquid discharge portion and the second liquid discharge portion are respectively covered from above The liquid flows into the inner side of the second drain portion through the liquid inlet hole

In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hydroponic cultivation method using a hydroponic cultivation apparatus having a liquid storage medium for cultivating a cultivation tank of a plant, and storing the same in the cultivation tank The liquid is discharged from the cultivation tank to one of the discharge members, and the discharge member has: a first liquid discharge portion that is tubular and penetrates the bottom of the cultivation tank from the vertical direction; a second liquid discharge portion that connects the upper end portion of the first liquid discharge portion and is formed to expand upward from the upper end portion a funnel shape; a liquid inlet hole formed in the peripheral wall portion of the second liquid discharge portion, the liquid stored in the cultivation tank flows into the inner side of the second liquid discharge portion; and a protruding portion in which the liquid is introduced A lower surface of the hole has a protruding surface that protrudes from the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion of the second liquid discharge portion in the circumferential direction of the second liquid discharge portion, and the liquid that flows into the inner side of the second liquid discharge portion through the liquid inlet hole And a lid body formed in a bowl shape, wherein the liquid stored in the cultivation tank is passed through the liquid in a state in which the first liquid discharge portion and the second liquid discharge portion are respectively covered from above The hole flows into the inner side of the second liquid discharge portion, wherein the hydroponic cultivation method includes flowing the liquid into the cultivation tank until a siphon phenomenon occurs in the cultivation tank.

In the above configuration, the discharge member provided in the cultivation tank includes a tubular first liquid discharge portion, a funnel-shaped second liquid discharge portion having a liquid inlet hole through which the liquid can flow, and the first liquid discharge portion, and In a state in which the first liquid discharge portion and the second liquid discharge portion are respectively covered from above, the liquid stored in the cultivation tank flows into the lid body inside the second liquid discharge portion.

Therefore, in the present invention, when the water level of the liquid flowing into the cultivation tank reaches the height of the liquid inlet hole that blocks the second liquid discharge portion, and the first liquid discharge portion and the second liquid discharge portion are filled with the liquid, The siphon phenomenon occurs, and the liquid stored in the cultivation tank is discharged through the second liquid discharge portion and the first liquid discharge portion. Further, such liquid discharge is continued until the water level is lower than the lower end portion (open end portion) of the lid body, and air is mixed in the liquid.

Further, in the above configuration, the second liquid discharge portion is formed in a funnel shape in which the diameter is increased upward (narrowed downward), and a protruding portion for causing the liquid to reflow is formed on the inner surface. Therefore, the liquid that has flowed into the second liquid discharge portion through the liquid inlet hole is first forcibly converted into a swirling water flow by the protruding portion, and then formed into a second shape that is tapered toward the water flow direction (so-called venturi shape). The drain portion flows into the first drain portion. That is, in the above configuration, the flow rate of the culture liquid can be greatly increased by the second liquid discharge portion having the protruding portion, and as a result, the suction force of the siphon phenomenon is inevitably increased.

Further, in the above configuration, when the protruding portion generates a swirling water flow inside the second liquid discharging portion, the water flow follows the first liquid discharging portion and the second liquid discharging portion and the lid body, and the cover Flow around the body. That is, in the above configuration, by generating a swirling water flow around the lid body, dust and the like deposited on the bottom of the cultivation tank can be smoothly diffused.

According to the present invention, when dust and the like deposited on the bottom of the cultivation tank are smoothly diffused, the dust can be sucked into the discharge member with a strong suction force, so that the dust and the like can be effectively removed.

As described above, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus and the hydroponic cultivation method according to the present invention can effectively remove dust, bacteria, and the like in the cultivation tank with a relatively simple structure.

10, 20, 30‧ ‧ hydroponic cultivation equipment

11‧‧‧ culture tank

12, 12a‧‧‧ cultivation trough

121‧‧‧ bottom

122‧‧‧through holes

123‧‧‧ recess

13, 13a, 13b‧‧‧ liquid supply pipe

14, 14a‧‧‧ Discharge components

141, 141a‧‧‧ the first drainage department

142‧‧‧Second drain

142a‧‧‧Conical tube

142b‧‧‧ cylindrical part

1421, 1421a‧‧‧ upper end

1422‧‧‧Wall wall

143‧‧‧Inlet hole

144‧‧‧ highlights

144a‧‧‧Face

145‧‧‧ cover

15, 15a, 15b‧‧‧ discharge tube

H‧‧‧ gap

F1, F2‧‧‧ water flow

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a partial configuration of a discharge member in a hydroponic cultivation apparatus.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the discharge member.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view for explaining the flow of water of the liquid of the discharge member.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of a partial structure of the discharge member.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing still another embodiment of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus.

In order to provide a better understanding of the means for solving the problems of the present invention and the effects of the invention, the technical features of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments and the structures shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention will be described.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10 includes a culture liquid tank 11 , a cultivation tank 12 , a liquid supply pipe 13 , a discharge member 14 , and a discharge pipe 15 . Further, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10, the cultivation tank 12, and the discharge member 14 correspond to the "hydroponic cultivation apparatus", the "cultivation tank", and the "discharge member" described in the patent application, respectively.

The culture tank 11 is for storing a culture solution containing nutrients required for cultivating plants. The culture solution stored in the culture solution tank 11 is usually supplied to the cultivation tank 12 via the liquid supply tube 13 by means of a pump (not shown) or the like. As will be described later, the culture solution stored in the cultivation tank 12 is supplied to the culture solution tank 11 via the discharge pipe 15. As described above, in the present embodiment, the culture solution is circulated in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10. Further, in the present embodiment, it is stored in The liquid in the cultivation tank 12 is a culture liquid, but may be other liquids such as water (which does not contain nutrients required for growing plants). In the present embodiment, the culture solution is supplied to the cultivation tank 12 via the culture solution tank 11, the liquid supply tube 13, and the discharge tube 15, but the culture solution tank 11 or the like may not be used. For example, the culture solution may be manually used. It is supplied to the cultivation tank 12.

The cultivation tank 12 is for cultivating plants such as lettuce by the culture liquid supplied from the culture liquid tank 11. In the present embodiment, it is a substantially rectangular box-shaped container that is open on the upper surface. The one end 13a of the liquid supply pipe 13 is connected to a predetermined position of the cultivation tank 12, and the culture liquid supplied from the culture liquid tank 11 is transferred to the cultivation tank 12 via the liquid supply pipe 13. Here, the one end 13a of the liquid supply pipe 13 may be disposed so as to be inserted into the cultivation tank 12 through a through hole opened in the side surface of the cultivation tank 12, or may be disposed to enter the cultivation tank 12 from the upper surface of the cultivation tank 12. Further, the other end 13b of the liquid supply pipe 13 is connected to the culture liquid tank 11. Further, a discharge member 14 is provided in a predetermined position of the cultivation tank 12, and a through hole 122 as will be described later is opened in the bottom surface 121 of the cultivation tank 12 at the other end, and the second liquid discharge portion 142 of the discharge member 14 can be penetrated.

The discharge member 14 is provided in the cultivation tank 12 for discharging the culture liquid stored in the cultivation tank 12. The discharge member 14 is constructed according to the principle of action of the bell siphon for the phenomenon of siphoning.

A front view and a plan view showing a part of the discharge member 14 are shown in Fig. 2 . As shown in FIG. 2, the discharge member 14 is composed of a first liquid discharge portion 141, a second liquid discharge portion 142, a liquid inlet hole 143, a protruding portion 144, and a lid body 145 (see Fig. 3). Further, the first liquid discharge portion 141, the second liquid discharge portion 142, the liquid inlet hole 143, the protruding portion 144, and the lid body 145 correspond to "the first in the patent application". A drain portion", a "second drain portion", a "liquid inlet hole", a "protrusion portion", and a "cover body".

The first liquid discharge portion 141 is a vertical pipe member, and is exposed to the outside from the bottom surface 121 of the cultivation tank 12 through the through hole 122 (see FIG. 1) of the cultivation tank 12.

The second drain portion 142 is coupled to the upper end portion of the first drain portion 141. As shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b), the second liquid discharge portion 142 may be formed in a funnel shape (conical cylindrical portion 142a) whose diameter is increased upward by the upper end portion of the first liquid discharge portion 141. Further, as shown in FIG. 2(c), the cylindrical tubular portion 142b can be formed in the funnel-shaped hollow truncated cone-shaped cylindrical portion 142a formed to have an upward diameter of the upper end portion of the first liquid discharge portion 141. Further, the upper end portion 1421 (or 1421a) of the second liquid discharge portion 142 is closed by a plate or the like and is a non-open surface. Further, in a state where the lid body 145 is attached to the second liquid discharge portion 142, when the upper end portion 1421 (or 1421a) is closed by the lid body 145 (see FIG. 3(b)), the upper end portion 1421 (or 1421a) may not be plated. Waiting for closure. For this configuration, the lid body 145 can be removed, and the inside of the second liquid discharge portion 14 (the first liquid discharge portion 141) can be cleaned from above.

The liquid inlet hole 143 is formed in the peripheral wall portion 1422 of the second liquid discharge portion 142, and may be formed on the peripheral wall portion 1422 of the tapered cylindrical portion 142a as shown in Fig. 2(a), or as shown in Fig. 2(c). It is formed on the cylindrical tubular portion 142b. The water level in the cultivation tank 12 rises until the water level of the liquid inlet hole 143 (the water level at which the siphon phenomenon occurs), and the first liquid discharge portion 141 and the second liquid discharge portion 142 are in a state of being filled with the culture liquid, and are stored in the state. The culture solution of the cultivation tank 12 flows into the inside of the second liquid discharge portion 142 via the liquid inlet hole 143. That is, a siphon phenomenon has occurred. Further, the peripheral wall portion 1422 corresponds to the "peripheral wall portion" described in the patent application.

In addition, in order to make the siphon phenomenon in the discharge member 14 smoothly The key is to make the amount of liquid in the same amount as the amount of liquid. Then, the number and diameter of the liquid inlet holes 143 are adjusted so that the amount of liquid entering the discharge member 14 is equal to the amount of liquid discharged from the discharge member 14. In other words, the total diameter of the liquid inlet hole 143 is designed to be the same as the diameter of the first liquid discharge portion 141.

Further, the shape of the liquid inlet hole 143 is not particularly limited.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the protruding portion 144 is formed in a plate shape, and the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion 1422 of the second liquid discharge portion 142 is along the circumferential direction of the second liquid discharge portion 142 below the liquid inlet hole 143. Prominent. The protruding portion 144 causes the culture liquid flowing into the inside of the second liquid discharge portion 142 through the liquid inlet hole 143 to recirculate. The number of the protruding portions 144 is not particularly limited, and two are provided in the present embodiment. Further, the protruding surface 144a protruding from the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion 1422 of the second liquid discharge portion 142 of the protruding portion 144 in the circumferential direction of the second liquid discharging portion 142 may not be formed in a plate shape, and may be formed, for example, as shown in FIG. The profile is slightly L-shaped.

As shown in FIG. 3, the lid body 145 is formed in a bowl shape, and covers the first liquid discharge portion 141 and the second liquid discharge portion 142 from above. In the state in which the lid body 145 covers the first liquid discharge portion 141 and the second liquid discharge portion 142 from above, the culture liquid stored in the cultivation tank 12 can flow into the inside of the second liquid discharge portion 142 via the liquid inlet hole 143. . That is, a gap H (see FIG. 1) into which the culture liquid flows is formed between the bottom of the lid 145 and the bottom surface 121 of the cultivation tank 12.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the lid body 145 is covered by the first liquid discharge portion 141 and the second liquid discharge portion 142. The lid body 145 may be spaced apart from the upper end portion 1421 of the second liquid discharge portion 142 and covered thereon as shown in FIG. 3( a ), or may be in contact with the second liquid discharge portion as shown in FIG. 3( b ). The upper end portion 1421 of the 142 is overlaid thereon. Make cover When the body 145 is in contact with and covered by the upper end portion 1421 of the second liquid discharge portion 142, the upper end portion 1421 of the second liquid discharge portion 142 can be formed as an open surface. In other words, the culture solution stored in the cultivation tank 12 can be designed not to flow into the inside of the second liquid discharge portion 142 via the liquid inlet hole 142 via the upper end portion 1421 of the second liquid discharge portion 142.

As shown in Fig. 1, one end 15a and the other end 15b of the discharge pipe 15 are connected to the lower end portion of the first liquid discharge portion 141 and the culture liquid tank 11, respectively, for cultivating the culture solution of the cultivation tank 12 (at this time, it contains dust and dirt). The liquid of the bacteria is recovered to the culture tank 11. Of course, when the culture liquid discharged from the cultivation tank 12 is required to be subjected to the treatment for removing dust and bacteria, the culture liquid discharged from the cultivation tank 12 may not be directly collected into the culture liquid tank 11. For example, a container such as a recovery tank (not shown) may be prepared, and both ends of the discharge pipe 15 may be connected to the lower end portion of the first liquid discharge portion 141 and the recovery tank, respectively.

Hereinafter, a hydroponic cultivation method for cultivating plants using the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention will be described. In particular, the characteristics of the present invention, that is, the circulation of the culture solution between the culture solution tank and the cultivation tank, will be described. Further, the direct method of plant seedlings, the artificial light source device for LEDs, and the dust removal and the treatment of the bacteria for the culture liquid recovered from the cultivation tank are the same as those of the prior art, and therefore will not be described in the present specification.

First, a pump (not shown) is driven, and the culture solution is supplied from the culture solution tank 11 to the cultivation tank 12 via the liquid supply tube 13. Thereby, the culture liquid is stored in the cultivation tank 12.

Then, the culture liquid that has flowed into the inside of the cultivation tank 12 also flows into the discharge member 14 disposed inside the cultivation tank 12. As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 4, the culture solution will The flow enters from the gap H between the lower end portion (open end portion) of the lid body 145 and the bottom surface 121 of the cultivation tank 12.

Then, when the culture liquid stored in the inside of the cultivation tank 12 reaches the height of the liquid inlet hole 143 of the clogging discharge member 14, and the first liquid discharge portion 141 and the second liquid discharge portion 142 are filled with the culture liquid, the discharge is performed. The siphon phenomenon occurs in the member 14, and the driving of the pump is stopped, and the supply of the culture liquid from the culture tank 11 is also stopped.

In this case, the culture liquid in the cultivation tank 12 is sucked from the liquid inlet hole 143 of the discharge member 14 by the siphon phenomenon, and is discharged to the culture liquid tank 11 (or the recovery tank) via the discharge pipe 15.

Here, the flow of the culture liquid inside the discharge member 14 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b).

As shown in Fig. 4 (a) and (b), once the culture liquid flows into the inside of the second liquid discharge portion 142 from the liquid inlet hole 143, the funnel is first formed along the funnel which is formed to expand upward (thinner to the lower side). The inner surface of the second liquid discharge portion 142 flows down toward the first liquid discharge portion 141 (the axial center portion of the second liquid discharge portion 142). Thereafter, the flowing culture solution flows over the protruding surface 144a of the protruding portion 144, and the culture liquid is forcibly converted into the swirling water flow F1 by the protruding portion 144 (protruding surface 144a) which causes the liquid to flow back, along the funnel shape. The inner surface of the second liquid discharge portion 142 enters the first liquid discharge portion 141 at a high speed and in a spiral shape. At this time, a Venturi effect occurs between the second liquid discharge portion 142 and the first liquid discharge portion 141.

Thereby, the swirling water flow F1 generated inside the second liquid discharge portion 142 follows the first liquid discharge portion 141 and the second liquid discharge portion 142 and the lid body 145. And the periphery of the cover 145 flows down. Therefore, a swirling water flow F2 is also generated around the lid body 145, whereby the dust and the like deposited on the bottom of the cultivation tank 12 can be smoothly diffused, and is sucked from the liquid inlet hole 143 by the strong suction force of the discharge member 14 ( Refer to Figure 4(a)).

In addition, the center portion of the culture liquid flowing through the first liquid discharge portion 141 and the culture liquid discharged from the first liquid discharge portion 141 is in a state where the pressure is high. In other words, the eddy current effect is generated inside the discharge member 14 by the vent portion 144 which causes the liquid to reflow, and the venturi effect generated between the second liquid discharge portion 142 and the first liquid discharge portion 141. Thereby, the bacteria such as bacteria and microalgae discharged from the cultivation tank 12 can be decomposed by a high-pressure, high-speed swirling water flow.

Then, the culture liquid is discharged from the discharge member 14, and the water level inside the cultivation tank 12 is lower than the lower end portion (opening end portion) of the lid body 145, and the water level in the air flowing into the gap H is stopped, and the siphon phenomenon is stopped, and the discharge member is finished. The discharge of the culture solution inside the cultivation tank 12 of 14. In this way, the culture solution required for growth can be supplied to the plant, and the dust and the like deposited in the inside of the cultivation tank 12 can be effectively removed.

Further, the final water level of the culture liquid remaining inside the cultivation tank 12 is lowered to the lower end portion of the lid body 145, and therefore, the amount of water which is about the height of the gap H is stored in the cultivation tank 12. Therefore, the amount of the culture liquid (water level) stored in the cultivation tank 12 can be determined by adjusting the gap H between the lower end portion of the lid body 145 and the bottom surface 121 of the cultivation tank 12 to maintain the root of the cultivated plant. Good environment.

Hereinafter, another hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. An embodiment. Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus 20 according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 20 adds a section of the cultivation tank as compared with the configuration of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10. That is, a cultivation tank 12a capable of storing the culture liquid is provided below the cultivation tank 12. Further, the cultivation tank 12a corresponds to the "second cultivation tank" described in the patent application.

Specifically, in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 20, the lower end portion of the first liquid discharge portion 141 of the discharge member 14 disposed inside the cultivation tank 12 in the upper stage extends to the position inside the cultivation tank 12a of the lower stage. Further, another discharge member 14a is disposed inside the cultivation tank 12a in the lower stage, and is located on the opposite side of the end portion from which the lower end portion of the first liquid discharge portion 141 of the discharge member 14 above extends. Further, the first liquid discharge portion 141a of the discharge member 14a is the same as the first liquid discharge portion 141 of the discharge member 14, and is connected to the culture liquid tank 11 (or the recovery tank) via the discharge pipe 15. Further, the other structure of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 20 is the same as that of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10, and will not be described here.

According to the configuration of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 20, the culture liquid flowing into the second discharge portion 142 of the discharge member 14 (in this case, the liquid containing dust and bacteria) is high-speed and keeps the spiral as described in the previous embodiment. The ground enters the tubular first drain portion 141. As a result, the center portion of the culture liquid flowing through the first liquid discharge portion 141 and the culture liquid discharged from the first liquid discharge portion 141 in the water flow direction is in a state where the pressure is high.

Therefore, the bacteria such as bacteria and microalgae discharged from the cultivation tank 12 can be decomposed by a high-pressure, high-speed swirling water flow, and the culture liquid flowing into the cultivation tank 12a can be made into a relatively clean state. Thereby, the cultivation tank can be inhibited In 12a, the occurrence of bacteria such as bacteria and microalgae.

In addition, according to the configuration of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 20, the culture liquid discharged from the first liquid discharge unit 141 is a high-speed, spiral-shaped water flow, so that the pollutants adsorbed to the cultivation tank 12a can be quickly washed (for example, withered roots). Dregs, ie residues and secretions, etc.).

When the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 20 is used for hydroponic cultivation, the culture liquid is supplied from the culture liquid tank 11 to the cultivation tank 12 as in the case of using the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10, and when the culture liquid is stored at a certain water level, it is discharged. The siphon phenomenon of the member 14 discharges the culture liquid inside the cultivation tank 12 to the cultivation tank 12a. When the culture liquid in the cultivation tank 12a is stored at a certain water level, the culture liquid in the cultivation tank 12a is discharged to the culture liquid tank 11 (or the recovery tank) by the siphon phenomenon of the discharge member 14a.

Next, another embodiment of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 7 . Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus 30 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 30 is formed with a concave portion 123 recessed downward at a position on the axial extension line of the first liquid discharge portion 141 at the bottom of the cultivation tank 12a as compared with the structure of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 20. . Further, the concave portion 123 corresponds to the "recessed portion" described in the patent application.

According to the configuration of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 30, the culture liquid discharged from the first liquid discharge unit 141 is like a waterfall flowing down the waterfall pool, and strongly slams the culture liquid accumulated in the concave portion 123 formed in the cultivation tank 12a. Thereby, in the concave portion 123, the backflow of the culture liquid discharged from the first liquid discharge portion 141 to the bottom portion is generated, and the dissolved oxygen amount (DO) of the culture liquid stored in the cultivation tank 12a is increased. Therefore, except In addition to maintaining the humidity of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 30, the culture liquid stored in the cultivation tank 12a can be made into water quality suitable for plant growth.

As shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention is also applicable to a case where a plurality of cultivation tanks are provided. In addition, when the cultivation tank is provided in a plurality of stages, only the culture liquid is supplied to the cultivation tank of the uppermost stage, and the culture liquid can be supplied to the cultivation tank of the whole stage by the operation of the discharge member of this invention. Thereby, the weight of the entire apparatus when the culture liquid is supplied to the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional apparatus for supplying the culture liquid to each stage, thereby ensuring the safety of the apparatus.

Further, in the hydroponic cultivation, when the culture liquid flowing into the cultivation tank flows at a high speed, the water height becomes high, and the osmotic pressure to the root portion also increases, and the absorption force of the root portion to the culture liquid also increases. Thus, the effect of high-speed flow by the water suction pump is known, and according to the present invention, the culture liquid can be sucked and discharged at high speed by the discharge member, so that it is not necessary to provide an auxiliary device such as a water suction pump, and energy can be saved.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Further, the embodiments obtained by appropriately combining the technical means disclosed in the different morphological examples are all within the technical scope of the present invention.

[Industrial availability]

According to the present invention, it is possible to effectively remove dust, bacteria, and the like in the cultivation tank with a relatively simple structure, and therefore, it can be utilized in a hydroponic cultivation apparatus for cultivating plants suitable for hydroponic cultivation.

10‧‧‧Hydro cultivation equipment

11‧‧‧ culture tank

12‧‧‧ cultivation trough

121‧‧‧ bottom

122‧‧‧through holes

13, 13a, 13b‧‧‧ liquid supply pipe

14‧‧‧Draining components

141‧‧‧First Drainage Department

142‧‧‧Second drain

143‧‧‧Inlet hole

144‧‧‧ highlights

145‧‧‧ cover

15, 15a, 15b‧‧‧ discharge tube

H‧‧‧ gap

Claims (4)

A hydroponic cultivation apparatus comprising: a cultivation tank for storing a liquid to grow a plant; and a discharge member for discharging the liquid stored in the cultivation tank from the cultivation tank, wherein the discharge member is provided with: a drain portion that is tubular and penetrates the bottom of the cultivation tank from the vertical direction; a second liquid discharge portion that connects the upper end portion of the first liquid discharge portion and is formed in a funnel shape that expands upward from the upper end portion a liquid inlet hole formed in the peripheral wall portion of the second liquid discharge portion, wherein the liquid stored in the cultivation tank flows into the inner side of the second liquid discharge portion; a protruding portion in the liquid inlet hole a lower surface of the peripheral wall portion of the second liquid discharge portion protrudes in a circumferential direction of the second liquid discharge portion, and the liquid flowing into the inner side of the second liquid discharge portion through the liquid inlet hole is recirculated. And a lid body formed in a bowl shape, and the liquid stored in the cultivation tank flows in through the liquid inlet hole in a state in which the first liquid discharge portion and the second liquid discharge portion are respectively covered from above The inside of the second drain portion. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the hydroponic cultivation apparatus further comprises a second cultivation tank disposed under the cultivation tank And the liquid may be stored, and the lower end portion of the first liquid discharge portion is located inside the second cultivation tank. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a concave portion recessed downward at a position on an axial extension line of the first liquid discharge portion is formed at a bottom portion of the second cultivation tank. A hydroponic cultivation method using a hydroponic cultivation apparatus having a liquid storage medium for cultivating a cultivation tank of a plant, and discharging the liquid stored in the cultivation tank from the cultivation tank a member, the discharge member having: a first liquid discharge portion that is tubular and penetrates from a bottom portion of the cultivation tank from a top-bottom direction; and a second liquid discharge portion that connects the upper end portion of the first liquid discharge portion to be formed by the a funnel shape in which the upper end portion is expanded upward; a liquid inlet hole is formed in the peripheral wall portion of the second liquid discharge portion, so that the liquid stored in the cultivation tank flows into the inner side of the second liquid discharge portion; a portion having a protruding surface projecting from an inner surface of the peripheral wall portion of the second liquid discharge portion in a circumferential direction of the second liquid discharge portion below the liquid inlet hole, and flowing into the second row through the liquid inlet hole The liquid on the inner side of the liquid portion generates a reflow; and a cover body formed in a bowl shape, respectively covering the first liquid discharge portion and the first portion from above In the state of the second liquid discharge portion, the liquid stored in the cultivation tank flows into the inner side of the second liquid discharge portion via the liquid inlet hole, wherein the hydroponic cultivation method includes: until the siphon phenomenon occurs in the cultivation tank The liquid is caused to flow into the cultivation tank.