JP6243043B2 - Hydroponics apparatus and hydroponics method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus and a hydroponic cultivation method, and more particularly, to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus and a hydroponic cultivation method that can discharge liquid stored in a cultivation tank to the outside due to the structure of the apparatus itself. Is.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an apparatus (hydroponic cultivation apparatus) that cultivates a plant using only a culture solution containing nutrients necessary for plant growth without using soil is known.

  In general, in such a hydroponic cultivation apparatus, a culture solution is periodically allowed to flow into a cultivation tank for growing plants, and the culture solution stored in the cultivation tank is added to the water level as the culture solution flows. It is made to discharge from the overflow pipe (overflow pipe) for adjustment (refer to patent documents 1).

  By the way, dust and dust (hereinafter referred to as “garbage”) can easily enter the cultivation tank, and the entered garbage floats on the surface of the water and is mixed with the culture solution to the bottom of the cultivation tank. Is often accumulated in In particular, garbage accumulated at the bottom of the cultivation tank hinders the plant from absorbing the culture solution from the roots, causing problems such as root rot.

  In addition, when plants are grown in a cultivation tank, microalgae and germs (hereinafter referred to as “miscellaneous fungi”) are easily generated in the culture solution, and the germs accumulate at the bottom of the cultivation tank along with garbage. There are many cases where this happens. In addition, such miscellaneous fungi are also one of the factors that cause plants to become ill, so it is preferable to remove them quickly.

  However, in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the waste floating on the surface of the culture solution can be removed relatively easily by discharging it from the overflow pipe. There is a problem that it is difficult to remove the trash and various germs (hereinafter referred to as “garbage etc.”) accumulated at the bottom of the tub.

  Then, the technique which provides a cultivation tank with the substantially J-shaped drainage pipe (siphon pipe) provided with the water intake opening toward the bottom part of a cultivation tank is proposed (refer patent document 2).

  According to such a technique, since a siphon phenomenon can be generated by flowing a predetermined amount of the culture solution into the cultivation tank, the garbage accumulated at the bottom of the cultivation tank is removed via the discharge pipe. Can be discharged outside the cultivation tank.

JP 2006-262750 A JP 2004-073003 A

  However, in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus described in Patent Literature 2, when a siphon phenomenon occurs, a so-called linear flow toward the water intake is mainly performed with respect to the culture solution existing below the water intake. It is what is generated. Moreover, in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus described in Patent Document 2, the discharge pipe as a member that generates the siphon phenomenon is merely formed in a pipe shape that is an extremely simple shape, and therefore when the siphon phenomenon occurs. Also, it does not generate a great suction force.

  For this reason, in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus described in Patent Document 2, it is possible to effectively remove the garbage and the like that exist directly under the water intake, but the dust that exists in a portion away from directly under the water intake. There was a problem that it could not be removed sufficiently.

  This invention is made | formed in order to eliminate the said inconvenience, and provides the hydroponic cultivation apparatus and hydroponic cultivation method which can remove effectively the garbage and miscellaneous bacteria in a cultivation tank. It is aimed.

  According to the hydroponic cultivation apparatus for achieving the object of the present invention, a cultivation tank for storing a liquid to grow a plant, a discharge mechanism for discharging the liquid stored in the cultivation tank from the cultivation tank, The drainage mechanism is connected to a pipe-shaped first drainage portion provided through the bottom of the cultivation tank in the vertical direction, and an upper end portion of the first drainage portion, and upward from the upper end portion. The second drainage part formed by expanding in a funnel shape toward the bottom, and the liquid formed in the peripheral wall part of the second drainage part and stored in the cultivation tank of the second drainage part There are a liquid inlet hole that can flow inward, and a projecting surface that projects from the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion of the second drainage portion along the circumferential direction of the second drainage portion below the liquid inlet hole. And a protrusion that creates a swirling flow in the liquid that has flowed into the second drainage part through the liquid inlet hole, and is formed in a bowl shape. In the state where each of the first drainage part and the second drainage part is covered from above, the liquid stored in the cultivation tank is placed inside the second drainage part via the inlet hole. A lid that can be allowed to flow into.

  Moreover, according to the hydroponic cultivation method for achieving the objective of this invention, the cultivation tank which stores a liquid and grows a plant, and discharges the said liquid stored in this cultivation tank to the outer side of the said cultivation tank It is a hydroponic cultivation method using a hydroponic cultivation apparatus provided with a discharge mechanism, wherein the discharge mechanism is a pipe-shaped first drainage part provided vertically through the bottom of the cultivation tank; The second drainage part is connected to the upper end part of the first drainage part, and is formed on the peripheral wall part of the second drainage part. From the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion of the second drainage section below the liquid inlet hole, and a liquid inlet hole that allows the liquid stored in the cultivation tank to flow into the second drainage section. It has a protruding surface that protrudes along the circumferential direction of the second drainage part, and flows into the second drainage part via the inlet hole. The liquid stored in the cultivation tank in a state in which each of the first drainage part and the second drainage part is covered from above with a protruding part that causes a swirl flow in the liquid, and is formed in a bowl shape. And a lid that can flow into the second drainage part through the liquid inlet, and the liquid flows into the cultivation tank until a siphon phenomenon occurs in the cultivation tank. Process.

  In the said structure, the discharge | emission mechanism provided in the cultivation tank has a pipe-shaped 1st drainage part, the liquid inlet which can flow in a liquid, and the funnel shape connected with a 1st drainage part It is possible to allow the liquid stored in the cultivation tank to flow into the inside of the second drainage part while covering each of the second drainage part, the first drainage part and the second drainage part from above. And a lid.

  For this reason, in the present invention, the water level of the liquid that has flowed into the cultivation tank reaches a height that closes the inlet hole of the second drainage section, and the first drainage section and the second drainage section are filled with the liquid. If it becomes a state, a siphon phenomenon will generate | occur | produce and the liquid stored in the cultivation tank will be discharged | emitted via a 2nd drainage part and a 1st drainage part. Note that such liquid discharge is continuously performed until the water level becomes lower than the lower end (opening end) of the lid and air is mixed into the liquid.

  Further, in the above configuration, the second drainage portion is formed in a funnel shape that expands upward (taperes downward), and a protruding portion that generates a swirl flow is formed on the inner surface thereof. Has been. For this reason, the liquid that has flowed into the second drainage part via the liquid inlet is first forcedly converted into a spiral flow by the protrusion and then tapered in the flow direction (so-called Venturi tube) It flows into the first drainage part via the second drainage part formed in the shape). That is, in the above-described configuration, the flow rate of the culture solution can be remarkably increased by the second drainage part having the protrusion, and as a result, the suction force due to the siphon phenomenon can be improved as a result. It can be done.

  Further, in the above configuration, when a spiral flow is generated inside the second drainage portion by the protruding portion, the flow is between the first drainage portion, the second drainage portion and the lid, and the lid. It will be transmitted in order of the surroundings of the body. That is, in the said structure, it is possible to favorably diffuse the garbage etc. which were accumulate | stored in the bottom part of the cultivation tank with the spiral flow produced around the cover body.

  In this way, in the present invention, it is possible to draw the garbage accumulated at the bottom of the cultivation tank into the discharge mechanism with a strong suction force in a well-diffused state. Can be done effectively.

  As described above, according to the hydroponic cultivation apparatus and the hydroponic cultivation method according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively remove garbage and various germs in the cultivation tank with a relatively simple configuration.

It is the schematic which shows an example of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus by this invention. It is the schematic which shows the partial structure of the discharge mechanism in a hydroponic cultivation apparatus. It is the schematic which shows the structure of a discharge mechanism. It is the schematic for demonstrating the flow of the liquid by a discharge mechanism. It is the schematic which shows other embodiment of the partial structure of a discharge mechanism. It is the schematic which shows the structure of other embodiment of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus. It is the schematic which shows the structure of other embodiment of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus.

  In order to better understand the means for solving the problems of the present invention and the effects of the present invention, the technical features of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown in the following embodiments and drawings.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus by this invention is demonstrated.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10 includes a culture liquid tank 11, a cultivation tank 12, a liquid supply pipe 13, a discharge mechanism 14, and a discharge pipe 15. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10, the cultivation tank 12, and the discharge mechanism 14 are respectively referred to as “hydroponic cultivation apparatus”, “cultivation tank”, and “discharge mechanism” described in the claims. Applicable.

  The culture solution tank 11 is for storing a culture solution containing nutrients necessary for plant growth. The culture solution stored in the culture solution tank 11 is usually supplied to the cultivation tank 12 through a supply pipe 13 by a device such as a pump (not shown). As will be described later, the culture solution stored in the cultivation tank 12 is supplied to the culture solution tank 11 via the discharge pipe 15. Thus, in this embodiment, the culture solution is circulated in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10. In the present embodiment, the culture solution is used as the liquid stored in the cultivation tank 12, but other liquids such as water (which does not contain nutrients necessary for plant growth) may be used. Moreover, in this embodiment, although what comprised the culture solution to the cultivation tank 12 via the culture solution tank 11, the supply pipe | tube 13, and the discharge pipe 15 is illustrated, the culture solution tank 11 grade | etc., Is not used. In addition, for example, the culture solution can be supplied to the cultivation tank 12 by hand-pumping.

  The cultivation tank 12 is for growing plants such as lettuce with the culture solution supplied from the culture solution tank 11, and in the present embodiment, the cultivation tank 12 is a substantially rectangular box-shaped container having an open upper surface. One end 13 a of the liquid supply pipe 13 is connected to a predetermined position of the cultivation tank 12, and the culture liquid supplied from the culture liquid tank 11 is transferred into the cultivation tank 12 through the liquid supply pipe 13. Here, the one end 13a of the liquid supply pipe 13 may be disposed so as to open a through hole in the side surface of the cultivation tank 12 and to be inserted into the cultivation tank 12 from the through hole, and the cultivation tank 12 is opened. You may arrange | position by making it approach in the cultivation tank 12 from an upper surface. The other end 13 b of the liquid supply tube 13 is connected to the culture medium tank 11. Moreover, the discharge mechanism 14 is installed in the predetermined position of the cultivation tank 12, and the 2nd drainage part 142 of the discharge mechanism 14 mentioned later can penetrate the bottom face 121 of the other end of the cultivation tank 12. A through hole 122 is opened.

The discharge mechanism 14 is for discharging the culture solution stored in the cultivation tank 12 and is installed in the cultivation tank 12. The discharge mechanism 14 is configured to generate a siphon phenomenon based on the operation principle of a so-called bell-type siphon.
FIG. 2 shows a front view and a top view of a partial configuration of the discharge mechanism 14. As shown in FIG. 2, the discharge mechanism 14 includes a first drainage part 141, a second drainage part 142, a liquid inlet hole 143, a projecting part 144, and a lid 145 (see FIG. 3). Has been. The first drainage part 141, the second drainage part 142, the liquid inlet hole 143, the protrusion 144, and the lid body 145 are each described as “first drainage” in the claims. Part "," second drainage part "," liquid inlet hole "," projection part ", and" lid ".

  The 1st drainage part 141 is a vertical pipe member, and is exposed outside from the bottom face 121 of the cultivation tank 12 through the through-hole 122 (refer FIG. 1) of the cultivation tank 12. As shown in FIG.

  The second drainage unit 142 is connected to the upper end of the first drainage unit 141. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the second drainage part 142 is formed by expanding from the upper end of the first drainage part 141 upward in a funnel shape (conical cylinder part 142 a). Moreover, as shown in FIG.2 (c), the hollow frustum-shaped cone-cylinder part 142a formed by expanding the diameter from the upper end part of the 1st drainage part 141 to the upper direction like a funnel shape may be carried out. In addition, the cylindrical tube portion 142b may be further formed. Moreover, the upper end part 1421 (or 1421a) of the 2nd drainage part 142 is obstruct | occluded with a board | plate material etc., and is a non-open | release surface. When the upper end portion 1421 (or 1421a) is closed by the lid body 145 with the lid body 145 attached to the second drainage portion 142 (see FIG. 3B), the upper end portion 1421 (or 1421a). May not be blocked by a plate material or the like. If comprised in this way, it will become possible to clean the inner side (inner surface) of the 2nd drainage part 14 (1st drainage part 141) from upper direction by removing the cover body 145. FIG.

  The liquid inlet hole 143 is formed in the peripheral wall portion 1422 of the second drainage portion 142, and may be formed in the peripheral wall portion 1422 of the conical cylinder portion 142a as shown in FIG. 2 (a). As shown in FIG. 2, it may be formed in the cylindrical tube portion 142b. The state in which the water level in the cultivation tank 12 rises to the water level that blocks the liquid inlet hole 143 (the water level at which siphoning occurs), and the first drainage part 141 and the second drainage part 142 are filled with the culture solution. Then, the culture solution stored in the cultivation tank 12 flows into the second drainage part 142 through the liquid inlet hole 143. That is, a siphon phenomenon occurs. The peripheral wall portion 1422 corresponds to the “peripheral wall portion” recited in the claims.

Further, in order to cause the siphon phenomenon to occur smoothly in the discharge mechanism 14, it is important to make the amount of incoming liquid equal to the amount of outgoing liquid. Therefore, the number and diameter of the liquid inlet holes 143 are adjusted so that the amount of liquid entering the discharge mechanism 14 is equal to the amount of liquid discharged from the discharge mechanism 14. That is, the total diameter of the liquid inlet holes 143 is designed to be the same as the diameter of the first drainage part 141.
The shape of the liquid inlet hole 143 is not particularly limited.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the protruding portion 144 is formed in a plate shape, and below the liquid inlet hole 143, from the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion 1422 of the second drainage portion 142, the second drainage portion 142. It protrudes along the circumferential direction. The protruding portion 144 causes a swirling flow to occur in the culture solution that has flowed into the second drainage portion 142 through the inlet hole 143. There is no limitation in particular about the number of the protrusion parts 144, and two are provided in this embodiment. The protruding portion 144 is not necessarily plate-shaped as long as the protruding surface 144a protruding from the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion 1422 of the second drainage portion 142 along the circumferential direction of the second drainage portion 142 is provided. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, it may be formed in a substantially L-shaped cross section when viewed from above.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the lid 145 is formed in a bowl shape and is used to cover each of the first drainage part 141 and the second drainage part 142 from above. The lid body 145 covers the first drainage part 141 and the second drainage part 142 from above, and the culture fluid stored in the cultivation tank 12 is second drained via the inlet hole 143. It can be made to flow inside the portion 142. That is, a gap H (see FIG. 1) through which the culture solution flows is formed between the bottom of the lid 145 and the bottom surface 121 of the cultivation tank 12.

  FIG. 3 shows a state in which the lid body 145 is covered with the first drainage part 141 and the second drainage part 142. As shown in FIG. 3A, the lid 145 may cover the second drainage part 142 with a space from the upper end part 1421, and as shown in FIG. 3B, the second drainage part The upper end portion 1421 of 142 may be contacted and covered. When the lid 145 is covered with the upper end portion 1421 of the second drainage portion 142, the upper end portion 1421 of the second drainage portion 142 may be formed on the open surface. In other words, if the culture solution stored in the cultivation tank 12 is designed so as to flow into the second drainage portion 142 through the inlet hole 143 instead of the upper end portion 1421 of the second drainage portion 142. Good.

  As shown in FIG. 1, one end 15 a and the other end 15 b of the discharge pipe 15 are connected to the lower end portion of the first drainage portion 141 and the culture solution tank 11, respectively. (In this case, it is used to collect the liquid containing garbage and various fungi in the culture solution tank 11). Of course, when it is necessary to perform the removal processing of garbage and various germs with respect to the culture solution discharged | emitted from the cultivation tank 12, the culture solution discharged | emitted from the cultivation tank 12 should not be collect | recovered directly to the culture solution tank 11. Also good. For example, a container such as a recovery tank (not shown) may be prepared, and both ends of the discharge pipe 15 may be connected to the lower end of the first drainage unit 141 and the recovery tank, respectively.

  Hereinafter, the hydroponics method of growing a plant using the hydroponic cultivation apparatus by this invention is demonstrated. In particular, the circulation of the culture solution performed between the culture solution tank and the cultivation tank, which is a point of the present invention, will be described. The plant seedling implantation method, the artificial irradiation light source device using LEDs, etc., the removal processing of garbage and various germs for the culture solution collected from the cultivation tank, etc. are the same as the prior art, so the description is omitted in this specification. To do.

First, a pump (not shown) is driven to supply the culture solution from the culture solution tank 11 to the cultivation tank 12 through the supply pipe 13. Thereby, the culture solution is stored inside the cultivation tank 12.
And the culture solution which flowed into the inside of the cultivation tank 12 is also flowed into the discharge mechanism 14 arrange | positioned inside the cultivation tank 12. FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the culture solution flows from a gap H between the lower end (opening end) of the lid 145 and the bottom surface 12 of the cultivation tank 12.

  And the culture solution stored in the inside of the cultivation tank 12 reaches the height which block | closes the inlet hole 143 of the discharge mechanism 14, and the 1st drainage part 141 and the 2nd drainage part 142 are satisfy | filled with a culture solution. In this state, the siphon phenomenon of the discharge mechanism 14 occurs, the pump is stopped, and the supply of the culture solution from the culture solution tank 11 is stopped.

  In this case, due to the siphon phenomenon, the culture solution in the cultivation tank 12 is sucked from the liquid inlet hole 143 of the discharge mechanism 14 and discharged to the culture solution tank 11 (or the recovery tank) through the discharge pipe 15.

Here, the flow of the culture solution in the discharge mechanism 14 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b).
As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, when the culture fluid flows into the second drainage portion 142 from the inlet hole 143, first, the culture diameter is increased upward (tapered downward). It flows down toward the first drainage portion 141 (the central portion in the axial direction of the second drainage portion 142) along the inner surface of the second drainage portion 142 formed in a funnel shape. Thereafter, when the flowing culture solution flows on the projecting surface 144a of the projecting portion 144, the culture solution flows in a spiral shape by the projecting portion 144 (projecting surface 144a) formed to generate a swirling flow in the liquid. It is forcibly converted into F1 and enters the first drainage part 141 while maintaining a high speed and spiral shape along the inner surface of the funnel-shaped second drainage part 142. In this case, a venturi effect occurs between the second drainage part 142 and the first drainage part 141.

  For this reason, the spiral flow F <b> 1 generated inside the second drainage unit 142 is between the first drainage unit 141 and the second drainage unit 142 and the lid body 145, and around the lid body 145. It will be transmitted in order. Accordingly, a spiral flow F2 is also generated around the lid body 145, whereby dusts accumulated on the bottom of the cultivation tank 12 are diffused well, and due to the strong suction force of the discharge mechanism 14, It becomes possible to be drawn in from the liquid inlet hole 143 (see FIG. 4A).

  In addition, the pressure is relatively increased at the central portion in the flow direction of the culture fluid flowing through the first drainage portion 141 and the culture fluid discharged from the first drainage portion 141. That is, inside the discharge mechanism 14, due to the protrusion 144 formed so as to generate a swirling flow in the liquid, and the venturi effect generated between the second drainage part 142 and the first drainage part 141, A vortex effect is generated. For this reason, germs such as germs and microalgae discharged from the cultivation tank 12 can be decomposed by a high-speed and spiral flow having a relatively high pressure.

  When the culture medium is discharged by the discharge mechanism 14 and the water level inside the cultivation tank 12 becomes lower than the lower end portion (opening end portion) of the lid body 145 and the water level is such that air flows from the gap H, the siphon. The phenomenon is stopped, and the discharge of the culture solution inside the cultivation tank 12 by the discharge mechanism 14 is ended. In this way, it is possible to supply the culture solution necessary for the growth to the plant, and to effectively remove the garbage accumulated in the cultivation tank 12.

  In addition, since the final water level of the culture solution remaining inside the cultivation tank 12 is lowered to the level of the lower end portion of the lid body 145, the cultivation tank 12 stores an amount of water having a height of about the gap H. For this reason, since the quantity (water level) of the culture solution stored in the cultivation tank 12 can be determined by adjusting the clearance gap H between the lower end part of the cover body 145, and the bottom face 12 of the cultivation tank 12, cultivation. It is possible to maintain the root environment of the plant optimally.

  Hereinafter, another embodiment of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus 20 according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 20 is obtained by further increasing the cultivation tank with respect to the structure of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10. That is, below the cultivation tank 12, the cultivation tank 12a which can store a culture solution is further installed. In addition, the said cultivation tank 12a corresponds to the "2nd cultivation tank" as described in a claim.

  Specifically, in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 20, the first drainage part 141 of the discharge mechanism 14 arranged inside the upper cultivation tank 12 is positioned such that the lower end thereof extends to the inside of the lower cultivation tank 12a. It is provided as follows. Moreover, in the inside of the lower cultivation tank 12a, the other discharge mechanism 14a is arrange | positioned on the opposite side to the edge part which the lower end part of the 1st drainage part 141 of the discharge mechanism 14 from the upper end extended and entered. Moreover, the 1st drainage part 141a of the discharge mechanism 14a is connected to the culture solution tank 11 (or recovery tank) via the discharge pipe 15 like the 1st drainage part 141 of the discharge mechanism 14. In addition, since the other structure of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 20 is the same as the structure corresponding to the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  According to the configuration of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 20, the culture liquid (in this case, liquid containing garbage and various fungi) that has flowed into the second discharge unit 142 of the discharge mechanism 14 has been described in the previous embodiment. In this way, the pipe enters the first drainage part 141 while maintaining a high-speed and spiral flow. For this reason, the pressure is relatively increased at the center in the flow direction of the culture fluid flowing through the first drainage portion 141 and the culture fluid discharged from the first drainage portion 141.

  Therefore, since various germs such as microbes and microalgae discharged from the cultivation tank 12 can be decomposed by a high-speed and spiral flow having a relatively high pressure, the culture solution flowing into the cultivation tank 12a is relatively clean. It is possible to be in a proper state. For this reason, it becomes possible to suppress generation | occurrence | production of miscellaneous bacteria, such as miscellaneous bacteria and microalgae, in the cultivation tank 12a.

  Moreover, according to the structure of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 20, since the culture solution discharged | emitted from the 1st drainage part 141 is a high-speed and spiral flow, it is a dirt substance (for example, withered) adhering to the cultivation tank 12a. It is possible to vigorously wash the residues and secretions that are the residue of the roots.

  When hydroponics is performed using the hydroponic cultivation device 20, the culture solution is supplied from the culture solution tank 11 to the cultivation tank 12 as in the case of using the hydroponic cultivation device 10, and the culture solution has a constant water level. Is stored, the culture solution inside the cultivation tank 12 is discharged to the cultivation tank 12a by the siphon phenomenon of the discharge mechanism 14. And if the culture solution inside the cultivation tank 12a is stored to a certain water level again, the culture solution inside the cultivation tank 12a is discharged to the culture solution tank 11 (or the recovery tank) by the siphon phenomenon of the discharge mechanism 14a. .

  Hereinafter, another embodiment of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a structure of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus 30 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 30 has a recess 123 that is recessed downward at a position on the extended line in the axial direction of the first drainage part 141 at the bottom of the cultivation tank 12a with respect to the structure of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 20. Is formed. In addition, the said recessed part 123 corresponds to the "recessed part" as described in a claim.

  According to the configuration of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 30, the culture solution discharged from the first drainage unit 141 is strongly like a waterfall that flows down the culture solution accumulated in the recess 123 formed in the cultivation tank 12a to the waterhole. It can be struck. For this reason, in the recessed part 123, the culture solution discharged | emitted from the 1st drainage part 141 dives to the bottom part, a backflow is produced | generated, and the dissolved oxygen amount (DO) of the culture solution stored in the cultivation tank 12a can be increased. it can. Therefore, in addition to maintaining the humidity of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 30, it is possible to make the culture solution stored in the cultivation tank 12a have water quality suitable for plant growth.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention is applied even when a plurality of stages of cultivation tanks are provided. Further, even when a plurality of cultivation tanks are installed, the culture solution can be supplied to only the uppermost stage, and the culture solution can be supplied to all the cultivation tanks by the operation of the discharge mechanism of the present invention. For this reason, the weight of the whole apparatus when supplying the culture solution to the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention is significantly reduced compared to the case of the apparatus that conventionally needs to supply the culture solution to all stages. Can be secured.

  In hydroponics, when the culture solution flowing into the cultivation tank flows at high speed, the water pressure increases, so that the root osmotic pressure increases and the absorbability of the root culture solution increases. For this reason, in the past, high-speed flow was achieved with a water absorption pump or the like, but according to the present invention, since the culture solution is sucked and discharged at high speed by the discharge mechanism, an auxiliary device such as a separate water absorption pump is not required. Can save energy.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope shown in the claims. Further, embodiments obtained by appropriately combining technical means disclosed in different form examples are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to effectively remove garbage and various germs in the cultivation tank with a relatively simple configuration, and thus various plants capable of growing plants suitable for hydroponics. Can be used for hydroponics equipment

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10, 20, 30 Hydroponic cultivation apparatus 11 Culture liquid tank 12, 12a Cultivation tank 121 Bottom face 122 Through hole 123 Recessed part 13 Supply pipe 14 Discharge mechanism 141, 141a First drainage part 142 Second drainage part 142a Conical cylinder part 142b Cylindrical cylinder parts 1421, 1421a Upper end part 1422 Peripheral wall part 143 Inlet hole 144 Protruding part 144a Protruding surface 145 Lid 15 Discharge pipe H Clearance F1, F2 Flow

Claims (4)

A cultivation tank for storing liquid and growing plants;
A discharge mechanism for discharging the liquid stored in the cultivation tank from the cultivation tank,
The discharge mechanism is
A pipe-shaped first drainage portion provided through the bottom of the cultivation tank in the vertical direction;
A second drainage portion connected to the upper end portion of the first drainage portion and formed to expand upward from the upper end portion in a funnel shape;
A liquid inlet hole formed in the peripheral wall portion of the second drainage portion and capable of flowing the liquid stored in the cultivation tank into the second drainage portion;
A projecting surface projecting from the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion of the second drainage portion along the circumferential direction of the second drainage portion is provided below the fluid inlet hole, and the second drainage via the fluid inlet hole. A protrusion that creates a swirling flow in the liquid that has flowed into the liquid part;
The second drainage liquid is formed in a bowl shape and the liquid stored in the cultivation tank in a state of covering each of the first drainage part and the second drainage part from above through the inlet hole. A lid that can flow into the inside of the part;
A hydroponic cultivation apparatus comprising: It further comprises a second cultivation tank that is disposed below the cultivation tank and capable of storing the liquid,
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a lower end portion of the first drainage unit is provided so as to be located inside the second cultivation tank.   The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a concave portion that is recessed downward is formed at a position on an extension line in the axial direction of the first drainage portion at a bottom portion of the second cultivation tank. A hydroponic cultivation method using a hydroponic cultivation apparatus comprising a cultivation tank for storing liquid and growing a plant, and a discharge mechanism for discharging the liquid stored in the cultivation tank to the outside of the cultivation tank. And
The discharge mechanism is
A pipe-shaped first drainage portion provided through the bottom of the cultivation tank in the vertical direction;
A second drainage portion connected to the upper end portion of the first drainage portion and formed to expand upward from the upper end portion in a funnel shape;
A liquid inlet hole formed in the peripheral wall portion of the second drainage portion and capable of flowing the liquid stored in the cultivation tank into the second drainage portion;
A projecting surface projecting from the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion of the second drainage portion along the circumferential direction of the second drainage portion is provided below the fluid inlet hole, and the second drainage via the fluid inlet hole. A protrusion that creates a swirling flow in the liquid that has flowed into the liquid part;
The second drainage liquid is formed in a bowl shape and the liquid stored in the cultivation tank in a state where each of the first drainage part and the second drainage part is covered from above is passed through the inlet hole. A lid that can flow into the inside of the part,
A hydroponics method comprising the step of flowing the liquid into the cultivation tank until a siphon phenomenon occurs in the cultivation tank.

Images