TWI596192B - A nematic liquid crystal composition, and a liquid crystal display device using the nematic liquid crystal composition - Google Patents

A nematic liquid crystal composition, and a liquid crystal display device using the nematic liquid crystal composition Download PDF

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TWI596192B
TWI596192B TW102138177A TW102138177A TWI596192B TW I596192 B TWI596192 B TW I596192B TW 102138177 A TW102138177 A TW 102138177A TW 102138177 A TW102138177 A TW 102138177A TW I596192 B TWI596192 B TW I596192B
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liquid crystal
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crystal composition
formula
carbon atoms
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Takeshi Kuriyama
Jouji KAWAMURA
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Dainippon Ink & Chemicals
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Description

向列型液晶組成物及使用其之液晶顯示元件
本發明係關於一種可用作液晶顯示材料之介電常數異向性(△ε)顯示正值的向列型液晶組成物及使用其之液晶顯示元件。
液晶顯示元件係用於以鐘錶、計算器為代表之各種測定機器、汽車用面板、文字處理機、電子記事本、印表機、電腦、電視、鐘錶、廣告顯示板等中。作為液晶顯示方式,其代表性者有TN(Twisted Nematic,扭轉向列)型、STN(Super Twisted Nematic,超扭轉向列)型、使用TFT(Thin Film Transistor,薄膜電晶體)之垂直配向型或IPS(In-Plane Switching,共平面切換)型等。該等液晶顯示元件中所使用之液晶組成物係要求對水分、空氣、熱、光等外部因素穩定,又,於以室溫為中心儘可能寬之溫度範圍內顯示液晶相,低黏性,且驅動電壓較低。進而,為了使對於各顯示元件綜合最佳之介電常數異向性(△ε)或/及折射率異向性(△n)等成為最佳值,液晶組成物係由數種至數十種化合物構成。
垂直配向型顯示器中使用有△ε為負之液晶組成物,TN型、STN型或IPS型等水平配向型顯示器使用有△ε為正之液晶組成物。又,亦報告有藉由於未施加電壓時使△ε為正之液晶組成物垂直地配向,並施加橫向電場而進行顯示之驅動方式,△ε為正之液晶組成物之必要性進一步提高。另一方面,於所有驅動方式中,要求低電壓驅動、高速應答、 較寬之動作溫度範圍。即,要求△ε為正且絕對值較大、黏度(η)較小、較高之向列型相-等向性液體相轉移溫度(Tni)。又,必須根據△n與單元間隙(d)之積即△n×d之設定,將液晶組成物之△n配合單元間隙而調節為適當範圍。並且,於將液晶顯示元件應用於電視等之情形時重視高速應答性,因此要求γ1較小之液晶組成物。
作為液晶組成物之構成成分,揭示有使用△ε為正之液晶化合物即式(A-1)或(A-2)所表示之化合物而成的液晶組成物(專利文獻1至4)。
另一方面,為了實際用於液晶顯示元件,液晶組成物必須於顯示品質方面不產生不良情況。尤其是用於以TFT元件等進行驅動之主動矩陣驅動液晶顯示元件之液晶組成物必須具有較高之比電阻值或較高之電壓保持率。並且,亦必須對光或熱等外部刺激穩定。針對於此,揭示有用以提高對熱之穩定性之抗氧化劑或使用其之液晶組成物(參照專利文獻3及專利文獻4),但未必充分,尤其是由於具有較大△ε之液晶化合物對光或熱之穩定性相對較差,因此此種組成物之品質穩定性並不充分。
又,進而,於擴大液晶顯示元件之用途之階段,於其使用方法、製造方法中亦可觀察到較大之變化,為了對應該等,要求使如以往已知之基本物性值以外之特性最佳化。即,使用液晶組成物之液晶顯示元件廣泛地使用有VA(Vertical Alignment,垂直配向)型或IPS(In-Plane Switching,共平面切換)型等,且於使其大小為50型以上之超大型尺寸之顯示元件實用化之階段使用。隨著基板尺寸之大型化,向基板注入液晶組成物之方法中,注入方法之主流亦自習知之真空注入法轉變至滴加注入(ODF,One Drop Fill)法,但將液晶組成物滴加至基板時之滴加痕跡導致顯示品質的下降之問題趨於表面化。進而,以液晶顯示元件中之液晶材料之預傾角的生成與高速應答性為目的,業界開發了PS(polymer stabilized,聚合物穩定化)液晶顯示元件,該等顯示元件之特徵在於:於液晶組成物中添加單體而使組成物中之單體硬化,多數情況下,係藉由向組成物照射紫外線而使單體硬化。因此,於添加對光之穩定性較差之成分之情形時,導致比電阻值或電壓保持率之下降,有時會同時誘發滴加痕跡之產生,且存在由顯示不良所導致之液晶顯示元件之良率惡化之問題。
如此,業界要求開發維持高速應答性能等作為液晶顯示元件而要求之特性或性能、且對光或熱等之穩定性較高、又,不易產生燒印(image burn)或滴加痕跡等顯示不良之液晶顯示元件。
[專利文獻1]WO96/032365號
[專利文獻2]日本特開平09-157202號
[專利文獻3]WO98/023564號
[專利文獻4]日本特開2003-183656號
[專利文獻5]日本特開平9-124529號
[專利文獻6]日本特開2006-169472號
本發明所欲解決之課題在於提供一種具有較寬之溫度範圍之液晶相、黏性較小、低溫下之溶解性良好且比電阻或電壓保持率較高、 對熱或光穩定之△ε為正之液晶組成物,進而藉由使用該液晶組成物,而提供一種顯示品質優異、且不易產生燒印或滴加痕跡等顯示不良之IPS型或TN型等液晶顯示元件。
本發明者研究各種液晶化合物及各種化學物質,發現:藉由將特定之化合物組合可解決上述課題,從而完成本發明。本發明提供一種向列型液晶組成物,其特徵在於:其含有選自由通式(I-1)至通式(I-3)表示之化合物組成之群中的一種或兩種以上化合物作為第一成分,
(式中,R11~R13表示碳原子數1至22之烷基或烷氧基),且含有一種或兩種以上選自由通式(II-a)至通式(II-e)表示之化合物組成之群中的化合物作為第二成分,
(式中,R21~R30相互獨立表示碳原子數1至10之烷基或碳原子數2至10之烯基,X21表示氫原子或氟原子),且該組成物於25℃之介電常數異向性(△ε)為+3.5以上,進而,提供一種使用該液晶組成物而成之液晶顯示元件。
本發明之△ε為正之液晶組成物由於可獲得非常低之黏性,低溫下之溶解性良好且比電阻或電壓保持率因熱或光導致之變化極小,因此製品之實用性較高,使用其之IPS型或FFS型等液晶顯示元件可達成高速應答,並抑制顯示不良,而非常有用。
於本發明中之液晶組成物中,用作第一成分之通式(I-1)至通式(I-3)
所表示之化合物中,R11~R13表示碳原子數1至22之烷基或烷氧基,較佳為碳原子數1至10之烷基或烷氧基,進而較佳為碳原子數1至5之烷基或烷氧基。
通式(I-1)至通式(I-3)所表示之化合物中,於重視對液晶組成物之溶解性之情形時,較佳為通式(I-1)所表示之化合物,於重視液晶組成物之對熱或光之穩定性之情形時,較佳為通式(I-3)所表示之化合物。
於本申請案發明之液晶組成物中,較佳為含有1種或2種通式(I-1)至通式(I-3)所表示之化合物,進而較佳為含有1種至5種,其含量較佳為0.001至1質量%,進而較佳為0.001至0.1質量%,尤佳為0.001至0.05質量%。
本申請案發明之液晶組成物含有通式(II-a)至通式(II-e)所表示之化合物作為第二成分。
式中,R21~R30相互獨立表示碳原子數1至10之烷基或碳原子數2至10之烯基。X21表示氫原子或氟原子,較佳為氟原子。通式(II)所表示之化合物群較佳為含有1種~10種,尤佳為含有1種~8種,其含量為5至80質量%,較佳為10至70質量%,尤佳為20至60質量%。
本申請案發明之液晶組成物進而較佳為含有通式(III)所表示之化合物作為第三成分。
於通式(III)所表示之化合物中,R31表示碳原子數1至10之烷基、烷氧基、碳原子數2至10之烯基或烯氧基。M31~M33相互獨立表示反-1,4-伸環己基或1,4-伸苯基,該反-1,4-伸環己基中之一個或兩個-CH2-亦能以氧原子不直接鄰接之方式經-O-取代,該伸苯基中之一個或兩個氫原子亦可經氟原子取代。X31及X32相互獨立表示氫原子或氟原子,Z31表示氟原子、三氟甲氧基或三氟甲基,n31及n32相互獨立表示0、1或2,n31+n32表示0、1或2,於M31及M33存在複數個之情形時可相同亦可不同。
更具體而言,通式(III)所表示之化合物較佳為下述通式(III-a)至通式(III-e)所表示之化合物。
(式中,R31表示碳原子數1至10之烷基、烷氧基、碳原子數2至10之烯基或烯氧基,X31~X38相互獨立表示氫原子或氟原子,Z31表示氟原子、三氟甲氧基或三氟甲基)
通式(III)所表示之化合物群較佳為含有1種~8種,尤佳為含有1種~5種,其含量為3至50質量%,較佳為5至40質量%。
本申請案發明之液晶組成物進而可含有選自通式(IV-a)至通式(IV-f)所表示之化合物群中之化合物作為第四成分,
(式中,R41表示碳原子數1至10之烷基、烷氧基、碳原子數2至10之烯基或烯氧基,X41~X48相互獨立表示氫原子或氟原子,Z41表示氟原子、三氟甲氧基或三氟甲基),較佳為含有1種~10種,尤佳為含有1種~8種,其含量較佳為5至50質量%,較佳為10至40質量%。
本申請案發明之液晶組成物於25℃之△ε為+3.5以上,更 佳為+3.5至+15.0。於25℃之△n為0.08至0.14,更佳為0.09至0.13。若更詳細闡述,則於與較薄之單元間隙對應之情形時,較佳為0.10至0.13,於與較厚之單元間隙對應之情形時,較佳為0.08至0.10。於20℃之η為10至45mPa.s,更佳為10至25mPa.s,尤佳為10至20mPa.s。Tni為60℃至120℃,更佳為70℃至100℃,尤佳為70℃至85℃。
本申請案發明之液晶組成物除上述化合物以外,可含有通常之向列型液晶、層列型液晶、膽固醇狀液晶等。
為了製作PS模式、橫向電場型PSA模式或橫向電場型PSVA 模式等液晶顯示元件,於本申請案發明之液晶組成物中可含有聚合性化合物。作為可使用之聚合性化合物,可列舉藉由光等能量線進行聚合之光聚合性單體等,作為結構,例如可列舉聯苯衍生物、聯三苯衍生物等具有複數個六員環連結而成之液晶骨架之聚合性化合物等。更具體而言,較佳為通式(V)所表示之二官能單體,
(式中,X51及X52分別獨立表示氫原子或甲基,Sp1及Sp2分別獨立表示單鍵、碳原子數1~8之伸烷基(alkylene)或-O-(CH2)s-(式中,s表示2至7之整數,氧原子鍵結於芳香環),Z51表示-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2CH2-、-CF2CF2-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-COO-CH2CH2-、-OCO-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2-COO-、-CH2CH2-OCO-、-COO-CH2-、-OCO-CH2-、-CH2-COO-、-CH2-OCO-、-CY1=CY2-(式中,Y1及Y2分別獨立表示氟原子或氫原子)、-C=C-或單鍵, M51表示1,4-伸苯基、反-1,4-伸環己基或單鍵,式中之所有1,4-伸苯基中,任意之氫原子亦可經氟原子取代)。
較佳為X51及X52之任一者均表示氫原子之二丙烯酸酯衍生物、X51及X52之任一者均表示甲基之二甲基丙烯酸酯衍生物中之任一者,亦較佳為一者表示氫原子另一者表示甲基之化合物。關於該等化合物之聚合速度,二丙烯酸酯衍生物最快,二甲基丙烯酸酯衍生物較慢,非對稱化合物為兩者之間,可根據其用途而使用較佳之態樣。於PSA顯示元件中,尤佳為二甲基丙烯酸酯衍生物。
Sp1及Sp2分別獨立表示單鍵、碳原子數1~8之伸烷基或-O-(CH2)s-,於PSA顯示元件中,較佳為至少一者為單鍵,較佳為均表示單鍵之化合物、或一者為單鍵另一者表示碳原子數1~8之伸烷基或-O-(CH2)s-之態樣。於該情形時,較佳為1~4之烷基,s較佳為1~4。
Z51較佳為-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2CH2-、-CF2CF2-或單鍵,更佳為-COO-、-OCO-或單鍵,尤佳為單鍵。
M51表示任意之氫原子亦可經氟原子取代之1,4-伸苯基、反-1,4-伸環己基或單鍵,較佳為1,4-伸苯基或單鍵。於C表示單鍵以外之環結構之情形時,Z51亦較佳為單鍵以外之連結基,於M51為單鍵之情形時,Z51較佳為單鍵。
就該等方面而言,通式(V)中,具體而言,Sp1及Sp2之間之環結構較佳為如下所記載之結構。
通式(V)中,M51表示單鍵,於環結構係以兩個環形成之情形時,較佳為表示以下之式(Va-1)至式(Va-5),更佳為表示式(Va-1)至式(Va-3),尤佳為表示式(Va-1)。
(式中,兩端係設為與Sp1或Sp2鍵結者)
含該等骨架之聚合性化合物之聚合後之配向限制力最適於PSA型液晶顯示元件,而可獲得良好之配向狀態,因此顯示不均受到抑制,或完全不會產生。
由以上可知,作為聚合性單體,尤佳為通式(V-1)~通式(V-4),其中最佳為通式(V-2)。
(式中,Sp2表示碳原子數2至5之伸烷基)
於向本發明之液晶組成物中添加單體之情形時,於不存在聚合起始劑之情形時聚合亦會進行,但為了促進聚合,亦可含有聚合起始劑。作為聚合起始劑,可列舉:安息香醚類、二苯甲酮類、苯乙酮類、二苯乙二酮縮酮類、醯基氧化膦類等。
含有本發明之聚合性化合物之液晶組成物藉由利用紫外線照射使其中所含之聚合性化合物進行聚合而被賦予液晶配向能,從而用於利用液晶組成物之雙折射而控制光之透過光量的液晶顯示元件。作為液晶顯示元件,可用於AM-LCD(Active Matrix-Liquid Crystal Display,主動矩陣液晶顯示元件)、TN(向列型液晶顯示元件)、STN-LCD(超扭轉向列型液晶顯示元件)、OCB-LCD及IPS-LCD(共平面切換型液晶顯示元件),對AM-LCD尤其有用,可用於穿透型或反射型之液晶顯示元件。
液晶顯示元件中所使用之液晶單元之兩塊基板可使用玻璃或如塑膠之具有柔軟性的透明之材料,另一方面亦可為矽等不透明之材料。具有透明電極層之透明基板例如可藉由於玻璃板等透明基板上濺鍍氧化銦錫(ITO)而獲得。
濾色器例如可藉由顏料分散法、印刷法、電沈積法或染色法等而製作。若以一例說明利用顏料分散法之濾色器之製作方法,則將濾色器用之硬化性著色組成物塗佈於該透明基板上,實施圖案化處理,並且藉由加熱或光照射使其硬化。可藉由對紅、綠、藍之3色分別實施該步驟,而製作濾色器用之像素部。除此以外,亦可將設置有TFT、薄膜二極體、金屬絕緣體金屬比電阻元件等主動元件之像素電極設置於該基板上。
以透明電極層成為內側之方式使上述基板對向。此時,可藉由間隔件調整基板之間隔。此時,較佳為以所獲得之調光層之厚度成為1~100μm之方式進行調整。進而較佳為1.5至10μm,於使用偏光板之情形時,較佳為以對比度最大成為之方式調整液晶之折射率異向性△n與單 元厚d之積。又,於存在兩塊偏光板之情形時,亦可以調整各偏光板之偏光軸而使視角或對比度變良好之方式進行調整。進而,亦可使用用以拓寬視角之相位差膜。作為間隔件,例如可列舉:玻璃粒子、塑膠粒子、氧化鋁粒子、光阻材料等。其後,將環氧系熱硬化性組成物等密封劑,以設置有液晶注入口之形式於該基板上進行網版印刷,將該基板彼此貼合,並進行加熱而使密封劑產生熱硬化。
於兩塊基板間夾持含聚合性化合物之液晶組成物之方法,可使用通常之真空注入法或ODF法等,於真空注入法中,雖不產生滴加痕跡,但有會殘留注入之痕跡之課題,於本申請案發明中,可藉由使用ODF法製造之顯示元件而較佳地使用。
作為使聚合性化合物聚合之方法,為了獲得液晶之良好之配向性能,較理想為適度之聚合速度,因此較佳為藉由將紫外線或電子束等活性能量線單一照射或併用照射或依序照射而使其聚合之方法。於使用紫外線之情形時,可使用偏光光源,亦可使用非偏光光源。又,於使含聚合性化合物之液晶組成物夾持於兩塊基板間之狀態下進行聚合之情形時,必須至少照射面側之基板被賦予對於活性能量線之適當透明性。又,亦可使用如下方法:於光照射時使用光罩而僅使特定之部分聚合後,藉由改變電場或磁場或溫度等條件,改變未聚合部分之配向狀態,進而照射活性能量線而使其聚合。尤其是於進行紫外線曝光時,較佳為一面對含聚合性化合物之液晶組成物施加交流電場,一面進行紫外線曝光。所施加之交流電場較佳為頻率10Hz至10kHz之交流,更佳為頻率60Hz至10kHz,電壓係取決於液晶顯示元件所需之預傾角而進行選擇。即,可藉由所施加之電壓而控制液晶顯示元件之預傾角。於橫向電場型MVA模式之液晶顯示元件中,就配向穩定性及對比度之觀點而言,較佳為將預傾角控制為80度至89.9度。
照射時之溫度較佳為保持本發明之液晶組成物之液晶狀態 的溫度範圍內。較佳為以接近室溫之溫度、即,典型地以15~35℃之溫度使其聚合。作為產生紫外線之燈,可使用金屬鹵化物燈、高壓水銀燈、超高壓水銀燈等。又,作為所照射之紫外線之波長,較佳為照射非液晶組成物之吸收波長區域之波長範圍的紫外線,較佳為視需要截斷紫外線而使用。所照射之紫外線之強度較佳為0.1mW/cm2~100W/cm2,更佳為2mW/cm2~50W/cm2。可適當地調整所照射之紫外線之能量的量,較佳為10mJ/cm2至500J/cm2,更佳為100mJ/cm2至200J/cm2。於照射紫外線時,亦可使強度產生變化。照射紫外線之時間根據所照射之紫外線強度適當地選擇,較佳為10秒鐘至3600秒鐘,更佳為10秒鐘至600秒鐘。
使用本發明之液晶組成物之液晶顯示元件係可用以同時實現高速應答與顯示不良之抑制者,對主動矩陣驅動用液晶顯示元件尤其有用,可應用於VA模式、PSVA模式、PSA模式、IPS模式或ECB模式用液晶顯示元件。
[實施例]
以下列舉實施例更詳細地闡述本發明,但本發明並不限定於該等實施例。又,以下之實施例及比較例之組成物中之「%」係指「質量%」。
實施例中,所測定之特性如下所述。
Tni:向列型相-等向性液體相轉移溫度(℃)
△n:於25℃之折射率異向性
△ε:於25℃之介電常數異向性
η:於20℃之黏度(mPa.s)
γ1:於25℃之旋轉黏性(mPa.s)
VHR:於頻率60Hz、外加電壓1V之條件下於60℃之電壓保持率(%)
燒印:
液晶顯示元件之燒印評價係於顯示區域內顯示特定之固定圖案1000小 時後,對整個畫面進行均勻之顯示時之固定圖案的殘像之等級,藉由目測根據以下之4等級評價而進行。
◎無殘像
○即便有極少之殘像,亦為可容許之等級
△有殘像且為無法容許之等級
×有殘像且相當差
滴加痕跡:
液晶顯示裝置之滴加痕跡之評價係對整個面進行黑顯示之情形時的浮現為白色之滴加痕跡,藉由目測根據以下之4等級評價而進行。
◎無殘像
○即便有極少之殘像,亦為可容許之等級
△有殘像且為無法容許之等級
×有殘像且相當差
再者,於實施例中,關於化合物之記載使用以下之略號。
(環結構)
(側鏈結構及連結結構)
(實施例1)
製備以下所示之液晶組成物LC-1。
LC-1之物性值如下所述。
於液晶組成物LC-1 99.97%中添加式(I-1-1)所表示之化合物0.03%而製備液晶組成物LCM-1。
其物性值幾乎與LC-1無變化。液晶組成物LCM-1之初始之VHR為99.3%,與此相對,於150℃ 1小時之高溫放置後之VHR為98.8%。又,使用液晶組成物LCM-1而製作IPS液晶顯示元件,藉由上述方法進行燒印及滴加痕跡之測定,結果如下所示,顯示出優異之結果。
(比較例1)
未添加實施例1中記載之式(I-1-1)所表示之化合物的液晶組成物LC-1之初始之VHR為99.5%,與此相對,於150℃ 1小時之高溫放置後之VHR為87.2%,相對於初始大幅下降。
又,使用液晶組成物LC-1而製作VA液晶顯示元件,藉由上述方法進行燒印及滴加痕跡之測定,結果如下所示,顯示出差於實施例1之結果。
(比較例2)
製備不含通式(II)所表示之化合物之如下所示之液晶組成物LC-2。
LC-2之物性值如下所述。
於液晶組成物LC-A 99.97%中添加式(I-1-1)所表示之化合物0.03%而製備液晶組成物LCM-A。其物性值幾乎與LC-A無變化。不含通式(II)所表示之化合物之液晶組成物LCM-A與含有通式(II)所表示的化合物之液晶組成物LCM-1相比,顯示黏度η大幅上升。液晶組成物LCM-A之初始之VHR為92.3%,與此相對,於150℃ 1小時之高溫放置後之VHR為67.0%。
又,使用液晶組成物LCM-A而製作IPS液晶顯示元件,藉由上述方法進行燒印及滴加痕跡之測定,結果如下所示,顯示出差於實施例1之結果。
(實施例2至實施例4)
製備如下所示之液晶組成物LC-2~LC-4,並測定其物性值。將該結果示於以下之表中。
於液晶組成物LC-2~LC-4之各99.97%中,添加式(I-1-1)所表示之化合物0.03%而分別製備液晶組成物LCM-2~LCM-4。其物性值幾乎與添加前無變化。
液晶組成物LCM-2~LCM-4之初始之VHR及於150℃ 1小時之高溫放置後的VHR幾乎無變化。又,進行使用液晶組成物LCM-2~LCM-4而製作之IPS液晶顯示元件之燒印及滴加痕跡之測定,結果如下 所示,顯示出優異之結果。
(實施例5至實施例7)
製備如下所示之液晶組成物LC-5~LC-7,並測定其物性值。將該結果示於以下之表中。
於液晶組成物LC-5~LC-7之各99.97%中,添加式(I-1-1)所表示之化合物0.03%而分別製備液晶組成物LCM-5~LCM-7。其物性值幾乎與添加前無變化。
液晶組成物LCM-5~LCM-7之初始之VHR及於150℃ 1小時之高溫放置後的VHR幾乎無變化。又,進行使用液晶組成物LCM-5~LCM-7而製作之IPS液晶顯示元件之燒印及滴加痕跡之測定,結果如下 所示,顯示出優異之結果。
(實施例8至實施例10)
製備如下所示之液晶組成物LC-8~LC-10,並測定其物性值。將該結果示於以下之表中。
於液晶組成物LC-8~LC-10之各99.97%中,添加式(I-1-1)所表示之化合物0.03%而分別製備液晶組成物LCM-8~LCM-10。其物性值幾乎與添加前無變化。
液晶組成物LCM-8~LCM-10之初始之VHR及於150℃ 1小時之高溫放置後的VHR幾乎無變化。又,進行使用液晶組成物LCM-8~LCM-10而製作之IPS液晶顯示元件之燒印及滴加痕跡之測定,結果如 下所示,顯示出優異之結果。
(實施例11至實施例13)
製備如下所示之液晶組成物LC-11~LC-13,並測定其物性值。將該結果示於以下之表中。
於液晶組成物LC-11~LC-13之各99.97%中,添加式(I-1-1)所表示之化合物0.03%而分別製備液晶組成物LCM-11~LCM-13。其物性值幾乎與添加前無變化。
液晶組成物LCM-11~LCM-13之初始之VHR及於150℃ 1小時之高溫放置後的VHR幾乎無變化。又,進行使用液晶組成物LCM-11~LCM-13而製作之IPS液晶顯示元件之燒印及滴加痕跡之測定,結果如下所示,顯示出優異之結果。
(實施例14至實施例16)
製備如下所示之液晶組成物LC-14~LC-16,並測定其物性值。將該結果示於以下之表中。
於液晶組成物LC-14~LC-16之各99.97%中,添加式(I-3-1)
所表示之化合物0.03%而分別製備液晶組成物LCM-14~LCM-16。其物性值幾乎與添加前無變化。
液晶組成物LCM-14~LCM-16之初始之VHR及於150℃ 1小時之高溫放置後的VHR幾乎無變化。又,進行使用液晶組成物LCM-14~LCM-16而製作之IPS液晶顯示元件之燒印及滴加痕跡之測定,結果如下所示,顯示出優異之結果。
(實施例17至實施例19)
於上述液晶組成物LC-14至LC-16之各99.97%中,添加式(I-2-1)
所表示之化合物0.03%而分別製備液晶組成物LCM-17~LCM-19。其物性值幾乎與添加前無變化。
液晶組成物LCM-17~LCM-19之初始之VHR及於150℃ 1小時之高溫放置後的VHR幾乎無變化。又,進行使用液晶組成物LCM-17~LCM-19而製作之VA液晶顯示元件之燒印及滴加痕跡之測定,結果如下所示,顯示出優異之結果。
(實施例20)
於實施例1所示之向列型液晶組成物LCM-199.7%中,添加式(IV-b)
所表示之聚合性化合物0.3%,並均勻地溶解,藉此製備聚合性液晶組成物CLCM-1。CLCM-1之物性幾乎與實施例1所示之向列型液晶組成物之物性無不同。藉由真空注入法將CLCM-2注入至單元間隙為3.5μm之塗佈有誘發水平配向(homogeneous alignment)之聚醯亞胺配向膜的附ITO之單元。一面對該單元施加頻率1kHz之矩形波,一面介隔截斷320nm以下之紫外線之濾色器,藉由高壓水銀燈向液晶單元照射紫外線。以單元表面之照射強度成為10mW/cm2之方式進行調整,並照射600秒鐘,而獲得使聚合性液晶組成物中之聚合性化合物聚合而成之水平配向性液晶顯示元件。可確認藉由聚合性化合物進行聚合,而產生對液晶化合物之配向限制力。

Claims (8)

  1. 一種向列型液晶組成物,含有選自由通式(I-1)至通式(I-3)表示之化合物組成之群中的一種或兩種以上化合物作為第一成分, (式中,R11~R13表示碳原子數1至22之烷基或烷氧基),含有一種或兩種以上選自由通式(II-a)至通式(II-e)表示之化合物組成之群中的化合物作為第二成分, (式中,R21~R30相互獨立表示碳原子數1至10之烷基或碳原子數2至10之烯基,X21表示氫原子或氟原子),含有一種或兩種以上通式(III)表示之化合物作為第三成分, (式中,R31表示碳原子數1至10之烷基、烷氧基、碳原子數2至10之烯基或烯氧基,M31~M33相互獨立表示反-1,4-伸環己基或1,4-伸苯基,該反-1,4-伸環己基中之一個或兩個-CH2-亦能以氧原子不直接鄰接之方式經-O-取代,該伸苯基中之一個或兩個氫原子亦可經氟原子取代,X31及X32相互獨立表示氫原子或氟原子,Z31表示氟原子、三氟甲氧基或三氟甲基,n31及n32相互獨立表示0、1或2,n31+n32表示0、1或2,於M31及M33存在複數個之情形時可相同亦可不同),該組成物於25℃之介電常數異向性(△ε)為+3.5以上。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之向列型液晶組成物,其中,通式(III)表示通式(III-a)至通式(III-e), (式中,R32表示碳原子數1至10之烷基、烷氧基、碳原子數2至10之烯基或烯氧基,X31~X38相互獨立表示氫原子或氟原子,Z31表示氟原子、三氟甲氧基或三氟甲基)。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之向列型液晶組成物,其進而含有一種或兩種以上選自由通式(IV-a)至通式(IV-f)表示之化合物組成之群中的化合物, (式中,R41表示碳原子數1至10之烷基、烷氧基、碳原子數2至10之烯基或烯氧基,X41~X48相互獨立表示氫原子或氟原子,Z41表示氟原子、三氟甲氧基或三氟甲基)。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之向列型液晶組成物,其中,選自由通式(I-1)至通式(I-3)表示之化合物組成之群中之化合物的含量為0.001質量%至1質量%,通式(II)表示之化合物的含量為10質量%至70質量%。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之向列型液晶組成物,其含有通式(V)表示之聚合性化合物, (式中,X51及X52分別獨立表示氫原子或甲基,Sp1及Sp2分別獨立表示單鍵、碳原子數1~8之伸烷基(alkylene)或-O-(CH2)s-(式中,s表示2至7之整數,氧原子鍵結於芳香環),Z51表示-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2CH2-、-CF2CF2-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-COO-CH2CH2-、-OCO-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2-COO-、-CH2CH2-OCO-、-COO-CH2-、-OCO-CH2-、-CH2-COO-、-CH2-OCO-、-CY1=CY2-(式中,Y1及Y2分別獨立表示氟原子或氫原子)、-C≡C-或單鍵,M51表示1,4-伸苯基、反-1,4-伸環己基或單鍵,式中之所有1,4-伸苯基中,任意之氫原子亦可經氟原子取代)。
  6. 一種主動矩陣驅動用液晶顯示元件,其使用有申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之液晶組成物。
  7. 一種IPS模式、FFS模式或VA-IPS模式用液晶顯示元件,其使用有申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之液晶組成物。
  8. 一種高分子穩定化模式液晶顯示元件,其係使用申請專利範圍第5項之含有聚合性化合物之向列型液晶組成物,於施加電壓下或未施加電壓下使該液晶組成物中所含之聚合性化合物聚合而製成。
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